GIC

-possesses chemical adhesion or

bond to tooth structure
-tooth colored
-adhesion chelation between
polycarboxylate molecules and
calcium ions of the tooth resulting
in a chemical bond
- Fluoride release when exposed
to the oral environment rendering
GIC to be more resistant to
recurrent caries
Advantages:

*not used for class II & IVlacks

fracture toughness and susceotible
to wear
Dispensing Manner:
1. Powder and Liquid
2. Powder only --- Liquid is frozen
3. Encapsulated- predispensed
capsule (to achieve correct
consistency of paste and liquid)
*Powder & liquid are freeze dried --mixed with distilled water
Sandwich Technique: combines
fluoride release of GIC & esthetics
of composite

1.
binds to tooth
2.
anti-cariogenic
3.
coefficient of thermal
expansion almost similar to that of
the tooth
4.
low setting shrinkage
5.
have good marginal seal
6.
low microleakage

lessens amount of
polymerization shrinkage by
lessening the bulk of composite
(Why use base as GIC?)

Disadvantages:

carried to the gingival

margin if its on cementum and
dentin

1.
esthetics not as good as
composite (opaque)
2.
highly soluble or extremely
moisture sensitive (requiring
lubricant) dessication causes
shrinkage & crazing
3.
short working time, long
setting time
Classification:
1.
Type I (Luting) 13,200 PSI /
19-140 MPa
2.
Type II (Restorative) Class
V, III, eroded, abraded if esthetics
is not critical
3.
Type III- liners, base, pit &
fissure sealant

can be etchedcreating a
rough surface more retention to
composite

*Class C- Calcium Hydroxide,

sandwich technique (GIC under
composite resin)
*GIC- best used root surface caries
because of adhesion property up
to externally, restoring the root
GIC Composition:
Powder:
1. Acid soluble calcium
Fluoroalumina silicate glass
(abrades metal)
2. Fluorideserves as ceramic
flux

3. Lanthanum- stronium, barium

radiopacity
Liquid:

Capsule: 10 seconds, Trituration

*Homogenous milky consistency
Final Setting Time: 24 hours

1. Polyacrylic acid- form of

copolymer with itionic, rabic,
or tricarbocyclic acid

Pulp Protection= < 0.5 mm

tends to:

Use a matrix:

a. reactivity of liquid
b. viscosity
c. reduces the tendency of gelation
of liquid
2. Tartaric Acid
a. woking time, shortens setting
time
b. improves bonding characteristics
3. Water- presence of water in GIC
makes it difficult to provide equal
strength & esthetics with composite
a. water = weak cement
b. water = impairs mixture
Manipulation
-mixing pad & plastic spatula
-Smear Layer: layer of debristends
to block off adhesion of GIC, if not removed
a. remove smear layerfor
better bond
b. remove plaque
c. improves bond cement to
tooth
-Surface Conditioner: critic or
maleic acid applied to cut dentin for 10-15
seconds
-Abradederoded with no cavity
preparationapply conditioner

a. properly contour proximal

surface
b. eliminate excess
c. prevent dehydration
d. eliminate air bubbles
*apply varnish to protect from saliva after
removal of celluloid

Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (RMGI)

Dual Cure
o
HEMA- a photo initiator
camphorquinone releasing some water
content of GIC
o
Cured by chemical _____ and
halogen light
1. GI with addition of resin
a. Easy mix
b. Fl release
c. retention
d. strength
e. better esthetics
f. solubility
g. post-operative sensitivity
than conventional GIC
-improves physical properties of GIC
-resin component affords the potential for
light curing, autocuring or both

Mixing Time: 30-40 seconds

-more resistant to hydration & cracking

during setting than conventional

Setting Time: 4 minutes

-less sensitive to water, radiopaque

-has the highest rate of retention compared

to composite & conventional GIC
-greatest reduction in sensitivity after 6
months
Indications: (In General)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Fl releaseClass V, I, & II and

primary teeth that would not require
long term service
Liner, base
Lutingfor crown & fixed prosthesis
Root surface caries in Class V
Slot-like preparaion in class II
?
?
?

Metal Reinforced GIC

-metallic silver particles up to 40% by
weight are added to GIC to strength and to
speed the setting time
1. Ag-Sn- miracle mixture, 1980s
2. Ag-Pd-Palladium- CERMETstronger but poor esthetics for CORE
KETAC SILVER Indications:
1. for core buildupwhen at least
50% of tooth structure remains
2. base, liner for undercuts
COMPOMERS (Polyacid-modified
composite)
-composite to which some GI components
have been added
-light-cured-easy to use & good physical
propertysuperior to traditional GIC &
RMGIs used only if adhesion is
questionable
Indication:
1. Class V, I

2. Base under Amalgam &

composite
**Chalky/Crazing surfacesusually
associated with improper manipulation
(Poor P/L ratio). In addition, failure to
provide protection against the environment
by which