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BALANCE IN EKOSYSTEM

CHAPTER 17

1. A balance ecosystem describes the biotic factors ( living features ) living


together in harmony and interacting with the abiotic factors ( non-living
features ) in an environment.
2. The relationships among species in an ecosystem are usually complex
and finely balanced, and removal of any one species may be disastrous.
3. The sequence of changes, from initial colonization of a new area to
establishing a stable community called ecological succession.
4. Primary succession takes place in newly exposed areas where no life
previously existed examples unused land, pond and mangroves.
5. Secondary succession take place in areas where life is already present
but has been altered in some way after the accurance of natural
disasters or catastrophes.
6. A natural ecosystem is in a state of dynamic equilibrium. If the
numbers of anyone species of organisms are reduced.
7. Unbalance ecosystem are created by natural disasters and human
activities.
Natural disasters including volcano eruptions, floods,
earthquakes and natural fires.
8. Human activities can cause habitat loss, pollution and over exploitation
and there for growing need for conservation.
9. Methods to Preservation and Conservation of the ecosystem
Preservation

Conservation

Protect and restore natural habits.


Legally
protecting
endangered
species.
Providing breeding programmes.

Sperm banks
Seed stores to maintain high
biodiversity.
Restrict urban and industrial
development.
Establish National Parks and
natural reserves.
Recycled paper.

10.Activities that effects on


forests for
i.
Housing.
ii.
Farming.
iii.
Industries.
iv.
Transport.

the ecosystem is opening of larges areas of

11.The importance of Preservation and Conservation of the ecosystem is


i.
economic importance ecosystem supplies us with food,
medicines & industrial ecosystem products.
ii.
Aesthetic importance for ecotourism.
iii.
Ecological importance
iv.
Ethical importance
QUESTIONS
1. The balance of nature ( keseimbangan alam )is the condition in which a
balanced and stable ecosystem is created through ( terhasil daripada )
A. the natural cycles only. ( kitar semulajadi)
B. the interactions between organisms.( perhubungan antara benda
hidup)
C. the interactions between organisms and the environment.
D. the interactions between organisms and organisms or organisms and
environment.
2. Which are not the Natural balance on earth ?
A. carbon cycle
B. nitrogen cycle

C. air cycle
D. water cycle

3. Which of the following is a natural disaster ( bencana alam ) ?


A. acid rain ( hujan asid )
B. pollution ( pencemaran

C. flood ( banjir )
D. extinction

4. Food weds ( rantai makanan) plays a very important ( penting ) role in


maintaining (kekal) the balance of nature as they
A.
B.
C.
D.

Allow the flow of energy from one organisms to another.


Make a home to a groups of animal.
Release of oxygen gases in environment.
Increase a food to the organisms.

5. Which are the correct ways to maintaining the balance of nature?


I.
preserving and conserving the environment.
II.
controlling the environment pollution
III.
managing natural resources effectively
A. I and II
B. II and III

C. I and III
D. I, II and III

6. Environmental pollution ( pencemaran alam ) is caused by (disebabkan)


A. wastes from factories, industrial and agriculture.
B. Global warming.
C. Ultraviolet ray from the sun.

D. Urbanization of the country.


7. The effects of environmental pollution are
A.
B.
C.
D.

urbanization to the country. ( pembangunan)


the healthy situation of human lives. ( hidup sihat)
Loss of economic resources. ( hilang sumber pendapatan)
More population on the species. (pertambahan haiwan)

8. The greenhouse effect is


A. The heat trapped on earth that effect the earths temperature.
B. The effect to all green house in earth.
C. The
D.

9. Which of the following carbon compounds is an organic compound ?


A. Latex
B. Carbon dioxide

C. sodium carbonate
D. granite

10.Inorganic carbon compounds is


A.
B.
C.
D.

Are obtained from dead organisms.


Generally have low melting points.
Are usually flammable.
Are soluble in water, acids and alkalis.

11.Hydrocarbon is make up from


A.
B.
C.
D.

Hydra and carbon


Hydrogen and carbon.
Hydraulic and carbon.
Hydrogen and oxygen.

12. Alcohol is an organic carbon compound. The characteristics of alcohol is


I
colourless volatile liquid
II
sweet smell
III
soluble in organic solution
A. I only
B II only

C. I and II
D. III only

13. The process of making soap is called


A. Hydrolysis
B. Saponification

Palm oil

sodium hydroxide

C. Concentrated
D. Hydrated

soap

glycerol

14. The diagrams shows the process of making soap. What type of alkalis are
uses in this process ?
A. Glycerol
B. palm oil

C. sodium hydroxide
D. soap

15.The salt (garam) are added to the mixture of soap because ?


A.
B.
C.
D.

To
To
To
To

make
make
make
make

solid soap float ( timbul) to the surface (permukaan)


glycerol float ( timbul) to the surface (permukaan)
solid soap mix together ( bercampur) with water.
solid soap and glycerol mix together.

SECTION B
Plants
Photosynthesise
CARBON DIOXIDE

OXYGEN

Animals Respire

1. Organisms in the ecosystem depend on one another and the environment


to
survive. Based on the diagram above, answer the question:
(a) Name the gases that produce by animal ?

(b) Name the gases that produce by plants?

(c) Name the process done by green plants during day time to formed
glucose?

(d) State two the importance of plants on earth

i.

ii.
(e) State one of the effects of environmental pollution.
.
2. Carbon compound are classified as organic compound and inorganic
compound.
(a) Give the differences between them.
organic compound

inorganic compound

(b) For each of them, give one example.


organic compound
inorganic compound

(c) State one of the uses for each example given.


organic compound

inorganic compound

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