COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

PUTRAJAYA CAMPUS
FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER 2 2013 / 2014
PROGRAM
PROGRAM

: Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering (Honours)

KOD MATAPELAJARAN
SUBJECT CODE

: MEHB223

MATAPELAJARAN
SUBJECT

: Mechanics of Fluids 1

TARIKH
DATE

: January 2014

MASA
TIME

: 3 Hours

Instructions to candidates:
1. Write your student ID, section and table number on the answer script.
2. This paper contains FIVE (5) questions in THIRTEEN (13) pages.
3. Answer ALL questions.
4. Write all answers in the answer booklet provided.
5. Write answer to each question on a new page.

DO NOT OPEN THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE INSTRUCTED TO DO SO

THIS QUESTION PAPER CONSISTS OF 13 PRINTED PAGES INCLUDING THIS COVER
PAGE.

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MEHB223, Semester II, 2013/2014

Question 1 [15 marks]

a) Describe the viscosity in fluids, the definition and units.
[3 marks]
b) The clutch system shown in Figure 1 is used to transmit torque through a 3-mmthick oil film with = 0.38 Ns/m 2 between two identical 30-cm-diameter disks.
When the driving shaft rotates at a speed of 50 rpm, the driven shaft is observed
to be stationary. Assuming a linear velocity profile for the oil film, determine the
transmitted torque.
[12 marks]

= 0.38 Ns/m2
Figure 1

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Question 2 [20 marks]

a) A load acts on a piston of diameter D1 as shown in Figure 2a. The piston rides on
a reservoir of oil of depth h1 and specific gravity SG. The reservoir is connected to
a round tube of diameter D2 and oil rises in the tube to height h 2. The oil in the
tube is open to atmosphere.
i)

Derive an equation for the height h2 in terms of the mass m of the load and
other relevant variables. Neglect the mass of the piston.

ii)

[7 marks]
Find h2 if m = 10 kg, D1 = 140 mm, D2 = 5 mm, h1 = 42 mm and SG = 0.8.
(Use = 1000 N/m2 for water)
[3 marks]

Figure 2a
b) The dam in Figure 2b is a quarter-circle 50 m wide into the paper. Determine:
i)

The horizontal and vertical components of hydrostatic force against the dam.
[4 marks]

ii)

The resultant hydrostatic force and its location.

[6 marks]

(Use = 9790 N/m3 for water)

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Figure 2b

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MEHB223, Semester II, 2013/2014

Question 3 [10 marks]

A fertilizer sprayer uses a Venturi nozzle as shown in Figure 3. Water moving through
this nozzle reaches a low pressure at section 1. This low pressure draws liquid fertilizer
up the suction tube, and the mixture is jetted to ambient at section 2. Nozzle dimensions
are d1 = 3 mm, d2 = 9 mm, and h = 150 mm. By assuming the flow to be inviscid and the
fertilizer has the properties of water, determine the minimum possible water speed (V 2) at
the exit of the nozzle so that fluid will be drawn up the suction tube.
[10 marks]

Figure 3

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MEHB223, Semester II, 2013/2014

Question 4 [20 marks]

Water flows steadily through a pipe having an area of A1 = 1 m2. The water flows out of
the pipe as free jets at two outlets with areas A2 = 0.5 m2 and A3 = 0.3 m2, as shown in
Figure 4. The free jets have the same velocity of V2 = V3 = 15 m/s. Ignore the effect of
weight and assume friction and viscous effects are negligible.
[water = 1,000 kg/m3]
a)

Using mass conservation principle, calculate velocity V1.

[5 marks]

b)

Using Bernoulli Equation between point (1) and (3), find pressure p1. Assume
z1 equals z3.

c)

[5 marks]

Using linear momentum equation, determine the horizontal force component,

FH, required to hold the pipe in stationary position.
[6 marks]

d)

Using linear momentum equation, determine the vertical force component, FV,
required to hold the pipe in stationary position.

[4 marks]

V3 = 15 m/s
A3 = 0.3 m2

FV

(3)

A1 = 1 m2
V1
p1

FH
(2)

(1)

Figure 4

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V2 = 15 m/s
A2 = 0.5 m2

MEHB223, Semester II, 2013/2014

Question 5 [35 marks]

As an engineer, you are asked to design a galvanized iron pipe system for a house. Before
you submit the design as shown in Figure 5 to your boss, you show it to one of your
colleagues asking for his opinion. He suggests that friction losses in the straight pipe
sections are negligible compared to losses in the threaded elbows and fittings of the
system. Do you agree or disagree with your colleague? Support your answer with
appropriate calculations.
(The diameter of the galvanized iron pipe is 2cm and water is assumed to flow steadily at
a rate of 5.6 x 10-4 m3/s)

[35 marks]

15 cm length

15 cm length

1.5 cm dia.
Q = 5.6 x 10-4 m3/s
2.5 cm length
10 cm length

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MEHB223, Semester II, 2013/2014

Figure 5APPENDIX A: SUPPLEMENTARY DATA AND FORMULA

1.

Atmospheric Pressure = 1.0135 bar

2. Pressure distribution in a rotated inviscid fluid

3. The constant pressure line in a rotated mass of fluid is given by:

4. Bernoullis equation

5. Stagnation pressure

6. General Mass Conservation :

7. General Force Momentum Equation :

8. General Energy Conservation Equation :

9.

Hydrostatic Force on Plane Surface :

10. Hydrostatic Force on Curved Surface :

11. General Single Pipeline Energy Equation :

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MEHB223, Semester II, 2013/2014

12. Friction factors.

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Appendix B: Moody Chart

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Appendix C: Dynamic Viscosity of certain gases and liquids

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Appendix D: Pipe fitting loss tables

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END OF QUESTION PAPER

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