StudentNo.

_______________________

BarkerCollege

2002

TRIAL
HIGHERSCHOOL
CERTIFICATE

Biology

ANSWERSHEET
AMFRIDAY16AUGUST

StaffInvolved:
DGG*
RDF
MIK

RSH
TKB
TER

130copies

SectionAMultipleChoice
Choosethebestresponseandfillintheresponseovalcompletely
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_

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

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14.

15.

BarkerCollege

2002

TRIAL
HIGHERSCHOOL
CERTIFICATE

Biology
StaffInvolved:

DGG*
RDF
MIK
RSH
TKB
TER

130copies

PMTHURSDAY16AUGUST

Totalmarks(100)
GeneralInstructions

SectionI

Totalmarks(86)

Readingtime5minutes

Workingtime3hours

Writeusingblueorblackpen

Pages215

Therearetwopartstothissection,PartA
andPartB

PARTA
15marks
Boardapprovedcalculatorsmaybe AttemptQuestions115
Allowabout30minutesforthispart
used

Drawdiagramsusingpencil

WriteyourBarkerStudent
Numberonallanswerpages
submitted

PARTB
71marks
AttemptQuestions1628
Allowabout1hourand45minutesforthis
part
Pages1617

SectionII

14marks
AttemptQuestion29
Allowabout30minutesforthissection

SectionI
Totalmarks(86)
PartA
15marks
AttemptQuestions115
Allowabout30minutesforthispart
Usethemultiplechoiceanswersheet

SelectthealternativeA,B,CorDthatbestanswersthequestion.Fillintheresponseoval
completely.
Sample

2+4=

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

Ifyouthinkyouhavemadeamistake,putacrossthroughtheincorrectanswerandfillinthe
newanswer.

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

Ifyouchangeyourmindandhavecrossedoutwhatyouconsidertobethecorrectanswer,
thenindicatethisbywritingthewordcorrectanddrawinganarrowasfollows.
correct

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

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1.

Whichprocessesarethoughttobeinvolvedinthemovementofmaterialsthroughthexylemof
plants?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Circulation,cohesion,filtration.
Cohesion,adhesion,rootpressure.
Osmosis,phagocytosis,adhesion.
Diffusion,osmosis,translocation.

2.

WhichofthefollowingdescribesanadaptationthatAustralianplantsusetoregulateleaf
temperature?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

3.

Leaveswithalargesurfacearea.
Leafsurfaceswithnocuticle.
Silveryhairsontheleaves.
Leavesfacingtowardsthesunallday.

Whichofthefollowingoptionscorrectlyrelatesthecompoundandtheforminwhichitis
carriedinmammalianblood?
Oxygen

Carbondioxide

Nitrogenwaste

Oxyhaemoglobin

Plasma

Uricacid

(B)

Lymphocytes

Plasma

Urea

(C)

Oxyhaemoglobin

Hydrogencarbonateions

Urea

(D)

Redbloodcells

Hydrogencarbonateions

Uricacid

4. (A)

Astudent
observeda
prepared
slideof
human
blood.The
majorityof

cellsseenweredescribedasbeingcircular,withoutanucleus,approximately

mindiameter.
Whattypeofcellwasthestudentlookingat?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

5.

Antibodies.
Whitebloodcells.
Platelets.
Redbloodcells.

WhichofthefollowingprovidesthestrongestevidencefortheTheoryofEvolution?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

ManyofthenativeanimalsinAustraliaarerelatedtothoseinSouthAmerica.
Agenethatcontrolseyegrowthinmiceisdifferenttothesamegeneinfruitflies.
Fossilevidenceshowsthatmanyanimalswerelargerthantheyarenow.
Dinosaursbecameextinct65millionyearsago.
3

6.

Whichstatementrepresentsacorrectinferencefromthegraphabove?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
7.

OrganismAisanectotherm.
OrganismAisanendotherm.
OrganismBisnocturnal.
OrganismAisaquatic.

Whichstatementbestdescribestheeffectofmutationsinnaturalselection?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Mutationscannotresultinnewcharacteristics.
Sometimesnewmutationsoccur,andtheseincreaseaspecieschanceofsurvival.
Mutationsareharmfulandcannotimprovethefitnessofaspecies.
Mutationsthatinterferewiththesmoothoperationofanorganismareeliminated.

8.

Whichofthefollowingistrueofrecessivealleles?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

9.

Theyhavealowfrequencyinapopulation.
Theycanonlysurviveinaheterozygousindividual.
Theycaninfluencethephenotypeinahomozygousgenotype.
Theyarelesslikelytobeinheritedbythenextgeneration.

ForwhichofthefollowingisRosalindFranklinremembered?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Thediscoveryofgenesonthesexchromosomes.
Thechromosomaltheoryofinheritance.
TherediscoveryofMendelswork.
TheXraydiffractionpatternofDNA.

10. RedgreencolourblindnessinhumansisarecessiveconditioninheritedontheXchromosome.
Anoncolourblindwoman,whosefatheriscolourblind,marriesacolourblindman.
Whatistheprobabilitythatanychildtheyhavewillbecolourblind?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

100%
50%
25%
0%
4

11. Whichofthefollowingispartofthebodysthirdlineofdefenceagainstdisease?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Antibodyproduction.
Phagocytosisbymacrophages.
Profusenasalhair.
Oilsecretedbytheskin.

12. Whichofthefollowingoptionsisthebestdefinitionofapathogen?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Anorganismthatcausesdiseaseinahost.
Anorganismthatlivesinoronitshost.
Anorganismthattransfersadiseasetoanotherorganism.
Acellthatengulfsbacteriafromitssurroundings.

13. Theworkofwhichofthefollowingscientistsledtoanunderstandingoftheroleofmicrobesin
decay?

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

RonaldRoss.
MacFarlaneBurnett.
RobertKoch.
LouisPasteur.

14. Somediseasescanbecausedbyanimbalanceinthemicroflorapresentinhumans.
Whichofthefollowingdiseasesiscausedbyanimbalanceofmicroflora?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Melanoma.
Smallpox.
Thrush(candidiasis).
Malaria.

15. Whatisapossibleconsequenceofoveruseandmisuseofantibiotics?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

Parasitesmaybecomestronger.
Newdiseasecausingbacteriamaybeproduced.
Resistantstrainsofpathogensmaydevelop.
Peoplemaybecomeimmunetotheantibiotics.

StudentNo.____________________________
SectionI(continued)
PartB71marks
AttemptQuestions1628
Allowabout1hourand45minutesforthispart
Answerthequestionsinthespacesprovided.
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Question16(4marks)
(a)

Identifyoneroleofthekidneyintheexcretorysystem.
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Marks
1

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(b)

Comparetheprocessofrenaldialysiswiththefunctionofthekidney.

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Question17(4marks)
Homeostasisisaprocessthatoccurswithinanorganism.
(a)

Outlinethetwostagesinvolvedinhomeostasis.
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(b)

Explain,usingaspecificexample,howhomeostasisconsistsoftwostages.

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StudentNo.____________________________

Marks
Question18(8marks)
InyourBiologycourseyouperformedafirsthandinvestigationtoidentifymicrobesinfood
andwater.
(a)

Outlinetheprocedureyoufollowedinordertoidentifythedifferenttypesofmicrobes
presentinasampleofwater.

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(b)

OutlineONEsafeworkpracticerequiredduringtheproceduredescribedinpart(a)
above.

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(c)

Describeadifferencethatyoucouldseebetweenabacterialcolonyandafungal
colonyonanagarplate.
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StudentNo.____________________________
Marks
Question19(6marks)
TheProteaceaeareadiverseplantfamily,includingrainforestspeciessuchastheTree
Waratah(Alloxylon),aswellasspeciesliketheWaratah(Telopea)andBanksia,which
areadaptedtodrysandstoneridgesaroundSydney.
(a)

IdentifyTHREEadaptationsthatassistinminimizingwaterloss,whichyoumight
reasonablyexpecttofindinTelopeaandBanksia.

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(b)

Describeatechnologythatyoucouldusetodemonstratetheevolutionaryrelationship
betweenAlloxylon,TelopeaandBanksia.
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Question20(3marks)
OutlinethereasonswhytheimportanceofMendel'sworkwasnotrecogniseduntilsome
timeafteritwaspublished.

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StudentNo.____________________________
Question21(3marks)
Explainwhyitisimportanttomaintainbiodiversity.

Marks
3

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Question22(8marks)
(a)

Statewhatyouunderstandbytheonegeneonepolypeptidehypothesis?
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(b)

OutlinetheevidenceproducedbyBeadleandTatumthatsupportstheonegeneone
polypeptidehypothesis.

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StudentNo.____________________________

Question23(7marks)
Thefamilytreebelowshowstheinheritanceofalbinism,anonsexlinked(autosomal)
conditioninahumanfamily.

Marks

KEY

(a)

Normalfemale

Normalmale

Affectedfemale
Affectedmale

Isalbinismcausedbyadominantorrecessivegene?

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(b)

Explainyouranswertopart(a).
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Question23continuesonpage11

10
Question23(continued)

StudentNo.____________________________
Marks
(c)

Ifthealbinofemaleinthethirdgenerationmarriedanonalbinomale,whatwouldbe
theexpectedgenotypesandphenotypesoftheiroffspring?
Youwillneedtoshowallyourworking.

11

StudentNo.____________________________
Marks
Question24(6marks)
(a)

IdentifyONEnamedinfectiousdisease.

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(b)

Outlinehowthisdiseaseistransmitted.

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(c)

Describethehost'sresponsetotheorganismthatcausesthedisease.

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(d)

Describeaneffectivetreatmentforthedisease.

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(e)

DescribeONEmethodusedtocontrolthedisease.
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12

StudentNo.____________________________
Question25(3marks)
Outline,usinganexample,howcelldifferentiationandspecialisationassistinthe
maintenanceofhealth.
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Marks

Question26(8marks)
Assesstheimpactandimplicationsofthechangingmethodsofdealingwithplantand
animaldiseases,includingtheshiftinemphasisfromtreatmentandcontroltothe
managementandpreventionofdisease.

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StudentNo.____________________________

Question27(5marks)
MrBinetispruninghisprizewinningroses.Heismomentarilydistractedbyhispetbudgie
andheaccidentallyprickshisfingeronalargeanddirtythorn.Thethornbreaksoffand
staysstuckinhisskin,causingagenerousflowofblood.

Marks

(a)

Describehowthisaffectshisfirstlineofdefence.

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(b)

DescribeTWOadaptationsinMrBinet'ssecondlineofdefencethathelpcopewith
theinvasionofthethorn.
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14

StudentNo.____________________________
Marks
Question28 (6marks)
Describehowthethirdlineofdefencemaybecalledintoactionafterapuncturewoundsuch
astheonedescribedinQuestion27.Inyouranswer,refertoantibodies,TcellsandBcells.

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15

StudentNo.____________________________
SectionII
14marks
AttemptQuestion29
Allowabout30minutesforthissection
Answerthequestionsinthespacesprovided.
_________________________________________________________________________________
Marks
Question29Communication(14marks)
Belowisacrosssectionofthehumaneye.

(a)

Completethetablewiththenamesofeachstructureanditsfunction.

Question29continuesonpage17
16

StudentNo.____________________________
Question29(continued)
Marks
(b)

(i)

Howwouldyouprocessinformationgatheredfromsecondarysourcesto
comparevisualacuityofhumanswithothermammalsandanimalssuchas
insects?

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(ii)

Howdoesthevisualacuityofhumanscomparewithanothermammalandone
otheranimalthatisnotamammal?
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(c)

Explain,usinganexample,whataresponsetoastimulusinvolves.
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EndofPaper

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