Power System Protection

Course Code: 11EE305

C

T
3

P
0

4
Power System Protection: Introduction, need for protective systems,
nature and causes of faults, essential qualities of protection, zones of
protection, primary and backup protection Protective Relays: Classification
of protective relays & Schemes, electromagnetic relays Over current
protection, IDMT relay Distance relays: Impedance relay, reactance, mho
and off set mho relay, effect of power swings & surges, negative sequence
relay Transmission Line and Feeder Protection: Protection of radial and
ring main systems using over current relays. Tr.Line protection using
distance relays(impedance relay, Reactance relay, MHO relay), 3- zone
protection, under reach and over reach of distance relays. Generator
Protection: Protection against stator and rotor faults and abnormal
operating conditions such as unbalanced loading, loss of excitation, Over
speeding. Transformer Protection: Types of faults, Over current
protection, Differential protection, Differential relay with harmonic restraint,
Protection against high resistance ground faults, Interturn faults, Bucholz
relay. Static, Microprocessor relays- phase comparator, amplitude
comparator, protection of lines using static relays, microprocessor based
over current relay, distance relay, directional relays. Carrier Current
protection scheme- phase comparison scheme. Circuit Breakers: arc
phenomena maintenance of the arc losses arc interruption theories
circuit breaker rating characteristics of restriking voltage (RRRV) current
chopping Classification of C.Bs: AC & DC Circuit breakers, air break CB,
Air blast CB, Oil CB, Vacuum CB,SF6 CB- and their constructional features.
Testing and ratings of circuit breakers. Over Voltage Protection: Causes of
over voltages: lightning, switching, insulation failure and arching grounds,
methods of protection-ground wire, Peterson coils, surge absorbers and
diverters , location of protective apparatus insulation coordination- neutral
earthing.
Text Books:
1. Badri Ram, D N Vishwakarma, Power System Protection and
Switchgear, Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publications, 2nd Edition, 2011.
2. T S Madhava Rao, Power System Protection Static Relays with
Microprocessor Applications, TMC, 2nd Edition, 2008.
Reference Books:
1. Art and Science of Protective Relaying by C.L. Mason.
2. Power System Stability, by E.W .Kimbark, vol-II John Wiley & Sons.

3. Power System Engineering, by Nagarath and Kothari, TMH publishing

company Ltd.
4. Electrical power systems, by C. L. Wadhawa, Wiley Eastern Ltd.
5. A Text Book on Power System Engineering, by A. Chakrabarthi, M.L.
Soni, P.V. Gupta and U.S. Bhatnagar, Dhanpat Rai & Co.
6. Switch Gear Protection and Power Systems, by Sunil S Rao, Khanna
Publications.