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CLIMATE IS CHANGING
Observed
Change
in
Surface
Temperature
IPCC, 2013
Reducing
greenhouse
gas
emissions
Mi3ga3on
Adap3ng
to
the
impacts
of
climate
change
Adapta3on
Climate
Interven3on???
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
M.
Granger
Morgan
Carnegie
Mellon
University
Joyce
E.
Penner
University
of
Michigan
Raymond
T.
Pierrehumbert
University
of
Chicago
Philip
J.
Rasch
Pacic
Northwest
Na3onal
Laboratory
Lynn
M.
Russell
Scripps
Ins3tu3on
of
Oceanography
John
T.
Snow
University
of
Oklahoma
David
W.
Titley
Penn
State
University
Jennifer
Wilcox
Stanford
University
The
Commi)ee
held
four
mee3ngs
and
interacted
with
dozens
of
scien3sts
Reports
were
reviewed
by
16
outside
experts
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE
FOR MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION
Recommenda;on
1:
Eorts
to
address
climate
change
should
con;nue
to
focus
most
heavily
on
mi;ga;ng
greenhouse
gas
emissions
in
combina;on
with
adap;ng
to
the
impacts
of
climate
change
because
these
approaches
do
not
present
poorly
dened
and
poorly
quan;ed
risks
and
are
at
a
greater
state
of
technological
readiness
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
Accelerated weathering
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES
AND CLIMATE
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
ALBEDO MODIFICATION
Albedo
modica3on
could
reduce
amount
of
sunlight
absorbed
by
Earth
in
order
to
cool
planets
surface
quickly
The
report
considered
two
strategies:
Stratospheric
aerosols
Marine
cloud
brightening
Elsewhere
referred
to
as
Solar
Radia9on
Management
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
10
11
Recommenda;on
4:
12
13
GOVERNANCE CONSIDERATIONS
More
than
just
science
involved
in
decisions
on
research
and
deployment
Governance
Ethical
&
legal
considera3ons
14
GOVERNANCE CONSIDERATIONS
Recommenda;on
6:
The
Commi3ee
recommends
the
ini;a;on
of
a
serious
delibera;ve
process
to
examine:
(a) what
types
of
research
governance,
beyond
those
that
already
exist,
may
be
needed
for
albedo
modica;on
research,
and
(b) the
types
of
research
that
would
require
such
governance,
poten;ally
based
on
the
magnitude
of
their
expected
impact
on
radia;ve
forcing,
their
poten;al
for
detrimental
direct
and
indirect
eects,
and
other
considera;ons
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
15
CONCLUSIONS
The
challenges
of
climate
change
require
a
porjolio
of
ac3ons
with
varying
degrees
of
risk
and
ecacy
There
is
no
subs3tute
for
mi3ga3on
and
adapta3on
Carbon
dioxide
removal
strategies
oer
poten3al
to
decrease
carbon
dioxide
concentra3ons
in
the
atmosphere
Albedo
modica3on
strategies
currently
limited
by
unfamiliar
and
unquan3able
risks
and
governance
issues
Any
interven3on
in
Earths
climate
should
be
informed
by
a
far
more
substan3ve
body
of
scien3c
research
than
is
available
at
present
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
16
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Sponsors
Commi)ee
Reviewers
NRC
Sta
Numerous
colleagues
consulted
during
study
Please
visit
americasclimatechoices.org
to
nd:
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
will
be
judged
largely
on
ques;ons
related
to
will
be
judged
largely
on
ques3ons
related
to
cost.
risk.
may
be
implemented
incrementally
with
limited
eects
as
society
becomes
more
serious
about
reducing
GHG
concentra;ons
or
slowing
their
growth.
americasclimatechoices.org
BOARD ON ATMOSPHERIC
SCIENCES AND CLIMATE
18
#ClimateInterven;on