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Group 15 Elements
Give Reasons
1. Group 15 elements are stable
2. From As to Bi, only small increase is seen in covalent radii.
3. Group 15 elements have IE greater than group 14 elements of corresponding periods.
4. Metallic character increases down the group.
5. Tendency to show - 3 oxidation state decreases down the group.
6. Stability of + 5 oxidation state decreases down the group while that of +3 increases
7. Nitrogen is restricted to covalency 4.
8. Heavier elements of group 15 can expand their covalency
9. Nitrogen shows anomalous properties. (or) The reactivity of nitrogen differs from that of phosphorous
10. Nitrogen can form multiple p p bonds.
11. Nitrogen occurs as diatomic molecule with N N while phosphorous exsists as P4.
12. Bi(v) is a stronger oxidizing agent than Bi or Sb(v)
13. In the structure of HNO3, the N-O bond (121 pm) is shorter than N-OH bond (140 pm)
14. Heavier elements of group 15 do not show p p bonds.
15. Bond enthalpy of N2 is very high.
16. Single N N bond is weaker than P P bond
17. Nitrogen does not show catenation property.
18. Stability of hydrides decreases from NH3 to BiH 3 .
19. Reducing property increases from NH3 to BiH 3
20. Basicity increases from NH3 to BiH 3.(or) NH3 is basic while PH3 is weakly basic.
21. Acidity decreases from NH3 to BiH 3
22. N does not form pentahalides.
23. Only NF3 trihalide is known.
24. PH3 has lower boiling point than NH3. (or) NH3 forms hydrogen bond while PH3 does not.
25. N2 is less reactive than P4.
26. NH3 has high MP and BP in liquid and solid state.
27. NH3 acts as a lewis base.
28. NH3 is used in detection of metal ions.
29. NO2 dimerises.
30. Bond angle in PH4+ is higher than in PH3
31. All 5 bonds in PCl5 are not equivalent.
32. Hypophosphorous acid is a good reducing agent.
33. H3PO3 is dibasic while H3PO4 is tribasic.
34. HNH angle is higher than HPH, HAsH, HSbH.
35. R3P=O exist but R3NP=O does not.
36. White phosphorous is more reactive than other allotropic forms. Red phosphorous is less reactive than white
phosphorous.
37. Pentahalides are more covalent than trihalides.
38. The N-O bond in NO2- is shorter than N-O bond in NO339. In the structure of HNO3 molecule the N-O bond (121pm) is shorter than N-OH bond (140pm)
NCERT Exercise
1. Discuss the general characteristic of group 15 elements with reference to electronic configuration, oxidation state,
atomic size, ionisation enthalpy and electronegativity.
2. Discuss the trends in the chemical reactivity of group 15 elements
3. How is nitrogen prepared in the laboratory. Write the chemical equations of the reactions involve
4. Write the main differences between the properties of white phosphorous and red phosphorous.
5. How is ammonia manufactured industrially
6. Give the disproportionation reaction of H3PO3. (or) What happens when H3PO3 is heated?
7. Can PCl5 act as an oxidizing as well as a reducing agent
8. Illustrate how copper metal can give different products on reaction with HNO3
9. Write the reaction of thermal decomposition of sodium azide.
10. How does ammonia react with Cu2+
11. What is the covalence of nitrogen in N2O5.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
NCERT EXERCISE
1. What prompted N. Barlett for carrying out reaction between Xe and PtF6?
2. How are XeF2, XeF4, XeF6 prepared?
3. How are XeO3, XeOF4 prepared? What are products of hydrolysis of XeF2, XeF4, XeF6 ?
4. Does hydrolysis of XeF6 lead to redox reaction?
5. Give the formula and describe the structure of a noble gas species which is isostructural with
(i) ICl4- (ii) IBr2- (iii) BrO36. List the uses of Neon and argon gases.
Complete Reactions (Important )
1. XeF4+O2F2
2. XeF2+2H2O
3. XeF2+2H2O
4. XeF2+PF5
5. XeF2+SbF5
6. XeF4+H2O
7. XeF6+H2O
8. NH3 + Cl2 (excess)
10. NH3( excess) + Cl2
11. NaOH(cold dilute) + Cl2
12. NaOH(hot conc) + Cl2
13. SO3 + H2SO4
14. Cu + H2SO4
15. C12H22O11 + H2SO4
16. Cu + H2SO4
17. S + H2SO4
18. Fe3+ + SO2 + H2O
19. Fe3+ + SO2 + H2O
20. PbS + O3
21. 20. I- + H2O + O3
22. 21. NO + O3
23. NH4Cl + NaNO2
24. Cu2+ + NH3
25. S8 + HNO3 (con)
26. P4 + HNO3 (con)
27. P4(white) + NaOH + H2O
28. Ca3P2 + H2O
29. Ca3P2 + HCl
30. CuSO4 + PH3
40. HgCl2 + PH3
41.Cu + HNO3 (dil)
42. Cu + HNO3 (con)
43. Zn + HNO3 (dil)
44. Zn + HNO3 (con)
45. I2 + HNO3 (con)
All Structures -