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MS AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
INTRODUCTION TO FINITE
ELEMENT METHOD
Finite
Individual
In
So,
Elements
The
The
The
Field
2.
3.
No geometric restriction
4.
5.
No isotropic restrictions
6.
7.
Classification
2.
Mathematical Modeling
3.
Discretization
4.
Preliminary Analysis
5.
6.
7.
Expect to revise
In
The
The
Further
Now
INTRODUCTION:
We will also consider only steady state problems which are called
quasistatic in structural mechanics
COMPUTATIONAL PROCEDURE:
Connect
Provide
Provide
The
Compute
BAR ELEMENT:
Consider
The
Axial
Internal axial stress can be related to nodal forces F1 and F2 by free body
diagrams, as shown in figure.
Structure Equations:
BEAM ELEMENT
2D
Beam Element:
A beam, such as, a cantilever beam, under pure bending (without axial loads or
torsional loads), has two-degrees of freedom at any point, transverse deflection
v and rotation , as shown in figure.
A beam element has a total of four degrees of freedom, two at each node.
Since there are four degrees of freedom, the size of the stiffness matrix of a
beam element has the size 4 x 4.
We
For
The following deflection relationships for loading of figures can be found in any
Machine Design Handbook, and is given as:
Solved to get:
Symmetry:
Sparsity:
Basic Elements
Since
An
In
In
In which:
Where n=1 for linear interpolation, n=2 for quadratic interpolation and so on.
The ai can be expressed in terms of nodal values of , which appear at known values of x
Formulation Techniques:
Variational Methods
Now
We
Functional
In
Virtual work is powerful and has physical appeal, but does not
provide a framework for producing more general FE approximations.
The result is a substitute model that has finite number of DOF and is
described by algebraic equations rather than by differential equations.
Formulation Techniques:
Galerkin & Other Weighted
Residual Methods
Approximate
The
Galerkin Method:
Isoparametric Elements
Introduction
These
Together
Continued
The