Works Cited

Primary
Gorbachev, Mikhail. "Text of Gorbachev's Farewell Address." The New York
Times. 25 Dec. 1991. Web. 12 Jan. 2015.
<http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/26/world/end-of-the-soviet-union-textof-gorbachev-s-farewell-address.html>.
This is the transcript of a speech given by Mikhail Gorbachev giving reasons as
to why the Soviet Union fell. This related to my research question because it
specifically talks about Perestroika and why it lead to the failure of the Soviet
Union. This also gives how he think he could've better improved Perestroika so
it'd work better.

Gorbachev, Mikhail. "Pizza Hut - Gorbachev." YouTube. 27 Dec. 1997. Web. 12

Jan. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9lvzzH0STw>.
This is a commercial with Mikhail Gorbachev by Gorbachev that has to do with
Perestroika propaganda. This relates to my research topic because it shows how
he wants to Westernize USSR in Perestroika, and this is one of his moves to do
such.

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich. Perestroika: New Thinking for Our Country and
the World. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire: Harper & Row, 1987.
This is Mikhail Gorbachev's actual transcript of Perestroika and describing what
he wants out of it. This is pertinent to my research question because it describes
what Perestroika actually is and what Gorbachev wanted out of it.

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich. Memoirs. New York: Doubleday, 1996. Print.

This is Mikhail Gorbachev's autobiography about his life, and has a chapter
specifically on his reforms and Perestroika. This relates to my research question
because it gives reasons as to why he started Perestroika and the reforms that
he intended with such.

"Pizza Hut - Gorbachev." YouTube. 1 Dec. 1997. Web. 12 Jan. 2015.

<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C9lvzzH0STw>.
This is a commercial by Gorbachev starring Gorbachev that advertises
modernization in the USSR. This is important to my research question because it
shows how Gorbachev wanted to modernize the USSR via Perestroika.

Rosenthal, A. "The Gorbachev Era Ends." The New York Times. 20 Sept. 1990.
Web. 12 Jan. 2015. <http://www.nytimes.com/1990/09/21/opinion/on-mymind-the-gorbachev-era-ends.html>.
This is a newspaper from the Perestroika and Gorbachev Era- nearing the end of
his reign. This newspaper article relates to my research question because it
describes what's happening while Perestroika is being put in effect and
hypotheses about the future of the USSR

Serov, A. Nikita Khrushchev--life and Destiny. Moscow: Novosti, 1989. Print. This
is a book by Nikita Khrushchev about his idea of Perestroika and why it would
and wouldn't work, relating specifically to Gorbachev's ideas. Khrushchev was
alive when Gorbachev began to employ his ideas of Perestroika and these are

the reasons why it was not successful in the eyes of Khrushchev. This relates to
my research question because it goes into detail about the failures.

Spiegel. "SPIEGEL Interview with Mikhail Gorbachev: 'They Were Truly Idiots' SPIEGEL ONLINE." SPIEGEL ONLINE. 16 Aug. 2011. Web. 12 Jan.
2015. <http://www.spiegel.de/international/world/spiegel-interview-withmikhail-gorbachev-they-were-truly-idiots-a-780526.html>.
This is a transcript of an interview with Gorbachev with Spiegel about why the
Soviet Union fell and the failures of Perestroika. This relates to my research topic
because it gives reasons as to why Perestroika was successful and what wasn't
successful about it.

Steele, Jonathon. "I Should Have Abandoned the Communist Party." The
Guardian. 16 Aug. 2011. Web. 12 Jan. 2015.
<http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/aug/16/gorbachev-guardianinterview>.
This is a website that has quotes from Gorbachev as to why he said he should
have abandoned the Communist Party. This relates to my research question
because it gives reasons as to why he decided to do Perestroika and continue as
such and stuck behind it.

Talbott, Strobe. "The Gorbachev Era." Time. 27 July 1987. Web. 12 Jan. 2015.
<http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,965119,00.html>.
This Magazine article from TIME is also from the era of Gorbachev while he was
putting Perestroika into effect. This relates to my research question and is

important because it gives me an outsiders view on how the USSR is looking

during these reforms. This website also supplies a lot of pictures that were used
in my website (all cited on the website as TIME, all found on this website).

Secondary
Boettke, Peter J. Why Perestroika Failed: The Politics and Economics of
Socialist Transformation. London: Routledge, 1993. Print.
This is a book written by a historian explaining why Perestroika was ineffective
and why it failed. This is effective and important to my research question because
it goes into details about the small things of Perestroika and why it led to the end
of the Soviet Union

Frank, Peter. "The End of Perestroika." World Today 20 May 1990. Print.
This is a Magazine article from the World Today addressing the end of
Perestroika and what indicated that end. This relates to my research question
because it addresses the reason as to why Perestroika failed and the indications
of such.

Gisselli, Gane. Modern Day Perestroika. 2011. Time Magazine, Germany. Time
Magazine
Goldman, Marshall. "Perestroika." , by Marshall I. Goldman: The Concise
Encyclopedia of Economics. 7 Mar. 1992. Web. 12 Jan. 2015.
<http://www.econlib.org/library/Enc1/Perestroika.html>.
This is an article that shows what Perestroika was designed to do. This is
important to my research question because it gives me ideas as to what the

target was and what it actually accomplished.

"Gorbachev Warns of 'new Cold War'" BBC News. 8 Nov. 2014. Web. 12 Jan.
2015. <http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-29966852>.
This is a newspaper article from the BBC with Gorbachev explaining why he
thinks that the world is on the brink of a new Cold War. This relates to my
research question because Gorbachev has been through this before and knows
what the beginning symptoms are.

Gorbachev, Mikhael. "Russia Should Have a Democratic Policy'" BBC News. 10

Nov. 2014. Web. 12 Jan. 2015.
<http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02bgp7h>.
This is an interview with Gorbachev about why he thinks that Russia needs a
democratic policy. This relates to my research question because it is Gorbachev
essentially describing why his Perestroika was good and that modernization and
democratization in essential in Russia.

Jaeger, Hugo. Gorbachev Political Cartoon. 1988. Time Magazine, Russia. Time
Magazine
"Perestroika and Glasnost." History.com. Web. 12 Jan. 2015.
<http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/perestroika-and-glasnost>.
This is an article posted to History that describes not only Perestroika but
Glasnost, another idea that Gorbachev came up with that accompanied
Perestroika. This is important to my research question because it gives more
background about what Gorbachev was thinking on modernizing.

Strojanovi, Svetozar. Perestroika: From Marxism and Bolshevism to Gorbachev.

Buffalo, N.Y.: Prometheus, 1988. Print.
This is a book that gives an outsiders view on what Perestroika was designed to
heal and do. This is important to my research question because, not only is it
important to see what Gorbachev planned, but also what those being forced were
seeing it.

Thompson, Alyssa. Map of USSR. 1990. History, Germany. History.com