NATIONAL UNIVERSITY CENTER OF PERU

VICE RECTOR ACADEMIC

LANGUAGE CENTER

TRANSLATION WORK
ACCREDITATION OF LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
"STUDY OF THE ANTIMONY CONTAMINANT OF THE ELECTRO
REFINATION OF ZINC"

EXECUTING
Apellidos y Nombres
CASTILLO LAZO NEMESIO H.

Condicin

Categora

Dedicacin

NOMBRADO PRINCIPAL

EXCLUSIVA

Firma

HUANCAYO, JANUARY OF 2015

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

CONTENT

ABSTRACT........................................................................................................... 3
1.

PROJECT TITLE:.......................................................................................... 4

2.

INTRODUCTION:......................................................................................... 4

3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:........................................................................5
3.1 STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF IMPURITIES:.................................................5
3.2. DISSOCIATION........................................................................................ 5
3.3. DISSOCIATIN:....................................................................................... 5
3.4. PROCESS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DISSOCIATION:.......................6
4. MATERIALS AND METHODS:.........................................................................6
5. RESULTS....................................................................................................... 8
6. DISCUSSION............................................................................................... 10
7. C0NCLUSIONS............................................................................................ 11
8. RECOMMENDATIONS.................................................................................. 12
9. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE:.....................................................................13

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

ABSTRACT

In this kind of work as is the study of antimony pollutant in the electro

refining zinc must consider the range of solution according to the
contaminant concentration to levels permitted by law and have no
punishment for it for their respective international marketing.
Our practical theoretical research includes the study of antimony
contaminant in coating whose electrolysis mechanism are substances of
graphite electrodes used.
They give us results accompanied by a visible separation and it has been
found the allowable amount of contaminant for this kind of work, whose
economic technical result is of greater industrial importance.
So we have related the amount of antimony of different concentrations
starting each one of them at lower concentration.

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

1. PROJECT TITLE:
"STUDY OF ANTIMONY CONTAMINANT OF THE ELECTRO
REFINATION OF ZINC
2. INTRODUCTION:
For this final report of the Study of antimony contaminant in
electro refining Zinc we have come to the understanding of the
mechanisms of antimony pollutant zinc sulfate using graphite
electrodes and other, ensuring that the passage of electric current
through an electrolyte is accompanied by a visible separation of
matter experimentally.
This research is a theoretical study and practical study of antimony
pollutant in the electro refining of zinc, in the steps required for
this type of coating and obtain a technical result of greater
economic importance. Further experience tells us that by using DC
power is to see how many kinds of chemical side reactions are
those occurring in the electrodes and the electrolyte. And relate
the study in the electro refining zinc which provides each
electrolyte solution and choose the best electrolytic conductor.
OBJECTIVES:
a) Overall objective:
Study, define and optimize the parameters of antimony pollutant
in the electro refining of zinc.
b) Specific objective:
Get Data antimony contaminant in the electro refination of
zinc to be used in industry.
To study the behavior of antimony contaminant in the
electrolytic zinc coating having Consideration the nature of use
of the

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK:
3.1 STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF IMPURITIES:
WHAT HAPPENS IN THE ANODE? WHAT IS THIS
TOGETHER WITH ZINC DEPOSITING IN THE CATHODE?
At the anode oxygen gas.
At the cathode hydrogen gas and small amounts of impurities
that were added to the solution for the study are probably
deposited occurs. At the cathode electro refining of zinc occurs in
conjunction with the release of hydrogen bubbles, not when
impurities are present.
3.2. DISSOCIATION.
Since the process is reversible electrolytic dissociation is
characterized by the presence at the time of not only ion balance,
but also of dissociated molecules. The relationship between the
number of dissociated ions and molecules in the total number of
molecules is called electrolyte dissociation
3.3. LA DISSOCIATIN:
Make a link between reactions and dissociation. BA for a binary
electrolyte (electrolyte is a binary one in which each molecule two
ions), the ion concentrations CB + CA- (oCB2 + CA2) and
concentration of CM dissociated molecules are linked in total
concentration C electrolyte by equations.
CB+=CA-= C
CM=(1-)C

Substituting these values into the expression for the equilibrium

constant of dissolution have.

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

Kd=

2C
1

3.4. DISSOCIATION PROCESS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY:

It is known that dissociation processes are primary and secondary
electrolysis is equal to the direct decomposition of the substances of
the electrodes.
Also react with each other products of electrolysis (to prevent contact
cells diagram used) with solvent molecules (to avoid the electrolysis
is carried out from the melt) and the electrode material (avoids using
inert graphite electrodes, and another of platinum). These processes
called secondary. In cases industry products mucos secondary
processes (NaOH, KCl03, etc.) Is obtained. In the first case
conductivities give primary and the first secondary conductivities
even be established.
4. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
For computer use the power of Chemical Engineering UNCP, recently
acquired plant galvanic processes, specifically to make metallic
coatings of lead, copper and zinc on metal objects whose productive
capacity is semi-industrial and industrial
Within materials:

voltmeter ammeter, power source (rectifier, transformer)

Graphite Electrodes (Carbon)
zinc sulfate solution 0.3 N
sulfuric acid solution 0.3 N
Phenolphthalein
Other: 400ml glass, wire connection, crocodile clips,
sandpaper filter paper.

METHOD:
For this kind of work the electric circle is verified, setting an equal
distance from electrode to introduce at the same rate in all

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

operations is electrochemical laboratory practice and study of

antimony contaminant in zinc plating.
The circuit is opened; the bucket fills in the amount indicated by
entering very clean electrodes.

The experimental procedure performed by all sulfates with different

electrolyte solutions, the study will be seen in the zinc electroplating.
Which fills the passage of electric current to the defined level. The
circuit is then closed and the resistor is actuated to obtain a value
low amperage.
This value (amperage) and the corresponding voltage is noted. It is
observed carefully what happens in the electrodes and recorded.
Then the circuit is disconnected. The solution of the bucket, to work
in the other solution of the acid, and make the same current
(amperage) is then changed. Voltages and observations of the
electrodes eventually is added next to the cathode drops of
phenolphthalein tasters and changes colors and other observations
scores is observed.

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

5. RESULTS

RESULTS OBTAINED IN THE EXPERIMENT MADE WITH ZINC SULFATE.

Table No.1
Proceso

Sulfato de

volumen

250

Voltaje

Amperaje

Tiempo

Apariencia

(voltios)

(Amp)

(min.)

Fsica

2.5

0.25

2.3

Brillante

PH

3.5

zinc

Table N 2
DISOCIACIN EN REACCINES

DISOCIACIN EN REACCINES

PRIMARIAS

SECUNDARIAS

ZnSO4

Zn +++SO4=

SO4=+H2O

H2SO4+1/2O2

Table N 3
Aparienci
Voltaje
Proceso

volumen

Amperaje

Tiempo
a

PH
(voltios)

(Amp)

(min.)
Fsica

Sulfato de

150

3.5

2.1

0.35

2.3

Brillante

zinc

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

Table N 4
DISOCIACIN EN REACCINES

DISOCIACIN EN REACCINES

PRIMARIAS

SECUNDARIAS

ZnSO4

Zn +++SO4=

SO4=+H2O

H2SO4+1/2O2

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

6. DISCUSSION
Looking for new electrochemical parameters that are optimal for the
study in polluting antimony zinc electrowinning having high reliability
in industrial application is that this study are conducting antimony
contaminant in the zinc plating is performed on the electrodes
graphite (carbon) in the zinc sulphate electrolyte.
The final report corresponding to the element whose experiments zinc
electrolyte, volume, voltage, amperage and physical appearance gave
results tables N 1 and 2 indicates where the gradient of voltage and
amperage are for copper data positive and improve its bright in the
following experiments to get a good appearance with antimony study
contaminant in zinc plating.
Se nota que para un pH de 3.5con un voltaje de 2.5 y un amperaje de
0.25 y en un tiempo de 2.3 min. Luego de varios ensayos se obtuvo
una apariencia fsica brillante como nos solicita en el mercado
internacional.
As no study of antimony study contaminant in zinc plating in an
electrolytic cell is necessary to obtain a more complete study that
meet the specifications required for electrochemical industrial use of
different metals special form of which there in our region such as zinc.

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

7. C0NCLUSIONS

the study parameters antimony contaminant in Electrolytic

zinc coating, which allows us to obtain a product that meets
the specifications required in electrochemistry and industry

was found.
data contaminate the zinc antimony for use in industry was

obtained.
The use of graphite electrodes with great certainty to
display the items.

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

8. RECOMMENDATIONS
In this time of large continuous changes within the globe and
globalization has to investigate a pollution is variable without which
the data found are not real.
So I would recommend at least two years for this kind of research.

9. BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCE:

1. MANTELL C.L. INGENIERIA ELECTROUIMICA

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering

ED. Reverte S.A. Espaa 2014.

2. PERRY Robert MANUAL DEL INGENIERO QUIMICO
ED. Uthea Mxico 2010
3

PERRY JHON MANUAL DEL INGENIERO QUIMICO

ED. Uthea Mxico 2014

TWIDWELL L.G.Et. ELECTROMETALLURGY OF

Montana USA 2008.

MEM. SEMANARIO MINAS Y ENERGIA

ED. Ministerio E. Y M. Lima 2015.

UNCP Faculty of Chemistry Engineering