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Fig. 6. Coco Fusco, Better Yet When Dead (1997). Photo: Peter Dako.
her face looking downward for the entire period of this preperformance "body installation." She did not speak or make
eye contact with the viewers, and her long hair hid her face
from view. Arce's brown body and the sign can be read as
enabling agency, giving Arce the sustenance to assert herself as
a Latina artist. The sign may also point to society's inability to
"feed" her properly. She can only receive support while caged,
thereby placing her in a double bind. To feed information,
cultural or societal, is also a key consideration.22
Arce's body is clearly on display, much like Coco Fusco's
body in Two Undiscovered Amerindians Visit... Nudity is multilayered in both cases because of ethnicity. What differentiates
the two pieces, however, is the choice of whether or not to
interact with the audience. Though both pieces give the artists
the ability to communicate what is problematic about the nonWestern body, speech is not always necessary. Elia Arce utilizes
the body to comment on the cultural plight of the Latina body
in American society. She is confined and makes no eye contact
with the viewer. Arce's and Fusco's bodies subsist in a state that
highlights their existence within the parameters of
gendered / cultural / ethnic Other. What both ultimately convey
is that it is American society that has caused the confinement.
By utilizing ritual, these artists are communicating the
struggles of contemporary Latinas. Whether through Santerfa,
Palo Monte, Catholicism, or Pre-Columbian religious
traditions, the spiritual realm at the intersection of life and
death invites their explorations of identity. By drawing
attention to the site of the female body as a space of
oppositional practice, they call colonial, racist, and patriarchal
authority into question. Despite existing in seemingly
perpetual states of duality, whether through religious or
cultural beliefs, or physically through ties to an ancestral place
fraught with political contradictions, Latina artists are able to
triumph in the crossroads by creating new spaces for
femininity. 0
Stacy E. Schultz is a Visiting Assistant Professor at The
University of Texas at Arlington.
NOTES
1. Mary Ellen Croteau, Ayodamola Okunseinde, and Denise M.
Rompilla, "Coco Fusco," in The Latina Artist: The Response of the
Creative Mind to Gender, Race, Class, and Identity, exh. cat. (New
Brunswick: Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 1998), 22.
2. See Coco Fusco, English is Broken Here: Notes on Cultural Fusion in the
Americas (New York: New Press, 1995) and Geoffrey Fox, Hispanic
Nation: Culture, Politics, and the Construction of Identity (Secaucus, NJ:
Birch Lane Press, 1996) for further discussion.
3. Caridad Svich and Maria Teresa Marrero, eds., Out of the Fringe:
Conteinporary,Latina/LatinoTheatre and Pelformance (New York: Theatre
Communications Group, Inc., 2000), xviii.
4. Ana Mendieta. exh. cat. (Barcelona: Fundacio Antori Tapies, 1997), 227.
5.
6.
7.
Ibid., 54.
8.
14. Coco Fusco, The Bodies That Were Not Ours and Other Writings (London
and New York: Routledge, 2001), 22-25.
15. Ibid.
16. Ibid.
17. Octavio Paz, The Labyrinth of Solitude, trans. Lysande Kemp (New
York: Grove Press, 1961), 51.
18. Meiling Cheng, In Other Los Angeleses: Multicentric Performance Art
(Berkeley and Los Angeles: Univ. of California Press, 2002), 167.
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