Mix design M 40

Mix Design of M40 mix concrete by IS method:

(a) Design stipulations:
Characteristic compressive strength required in the field at 28 days.
40 MPa
Maximum size of aggregate
20 mm (angular)
Degree of quality control
Good
Type of Exposure
Mild
(b) Test data for Materials:
Specific gravity of cement
3.15
Compressive strength of cement at 7 days
Satisfies the requirement of IS: 269
1989
1. Specific gravity of coarse aggregates
2.60
2. Specific gravity of fine aggregates
2.60
Water absorption:
1. Coarse aggregate
1.0%
2. Fine aggregate
1.0%
Free (surface) moisture:
1. Coarse aggregate
Nil
2. Fine aggregate
2.0%
(c) Target mean strength of concrete:
The target mean compressive (ft) strength at 28 days is given by
ft = fck + 1.65 S
i.e. 40 + 1.65 x 5 = 48.25 MPa

(d) Selection of water-cement ratio:

The water-cement ratio required for the target mean strength of 48.25 MPa is 0.4
0. Adopt W/C ratio of 0.40.
(e) Selection of water and sand content:
For 20 mm maximum size aggregate, sand confirming to grading Zone II, water cont
ent per cubic metre of concrete = 180 kg and sand content as percentage of total
aggregate by absolute volume = 25 per cent.
Required water content = 180 + 5.4 = 185.4/m3
(f) Determination of cement content:
Water-cement ratio = 0.40
Water = 185.4 litre
Cement by mass = Water content/Water cement ratio

Cement = 185.4/0.40 = 463.5 kg/m3

This cement content is adequate for

mild exposure condition.

(g) Determination of coarse and fine aggregate contents:

For the specified maximum size of aggregate of 20 mm, the amount of entrapped ai
r in the wet concrete is 2 per cent. Taking this into account and applying equat
ions.
formula-for-concrete-mix-design
Where V = absolute volume of concrete = gross volume (1m3) minus the volume of e
ntrapped air
Sc = specific gravity of cement
W = Mass of water per cubic metre of concrete, kg
C = mass of cement per cubic metre of concrete, kg
p = ratio of fine aggregate to total aggregate by absolute volume
fa, Ca = total masses of fine and coarse aggregates, per cubic metre of con
crete, respectively, kg, and
Sfa, Sca = specific gravities of saturated surface dry fine and coarse aggrega
tes, respectively
fa = 530.27 kg/m3, and
Ca = 1153.13 kg/m3.
The mix proportion then becomes:
Water
Cement
Fine aggregate
Coarse aggregate
185.4
463.5 kg
530.27 kg
1153.13 kg
0.40
1
1.14
2.49
(h) Actual quantities required for the mix per bag of cement:
The mix is 0.40: 1: 1.14: 2.49.
For 50 kg of cement, the quantities of materials are worked out as below:
i.
Cement = 50 kg
ii.
Sand = 57 kg
iii.
Coarse aggregate = 124.5 kg
iv.
Water:
a)
for w/c ratio of 0.40, quantity = 20 litres of water
b)
Extra quantity of water to be added for absorption in case of CA, at
0.5 per cent mass = 0.62 litres
c)
Quantity of water to be deducted for moisture present in sand, at
2 per cent by mass = 1.14 litres.
d)
Actual quantity of water required to be added = 20 + 0.62
1.14
= 19.48 litres
Actual quantity of sand required after allowing for mass of free moisture = 57
+ 1.14
= 58.14 kg
Therefore, the actual quantities of different constituents required for one bag
mix are:
Water
:
19.48 litres
Cement
:
50.00 kg
Sand
:
58.14 kg
Coarse Aggregates: 124.5 kg