BIOL 1362

EXAM 1

Cheek Spring 2015

Concepts
Chapters 9 & 10: Cell division
Cell cycle: name the phases, describe the events in each phase, know relative length of
each phase with the cycle
Cell division: list the 3 main steps required, list the 3 major functions of cell division
Mitosis in eukaryotes: Identify the ploidy level at the beginning and end of cell division;
Name the 5 phases and describe the events in each phase, including what happens to
chromosomes, nucleus, and cytoskeleton
Explain how chromosomes move along spindle & where spindle attaches
Know the outcome of mitosis: daughter cells are genetically identical to or genetically
different from parent cell?
Identify organs in which mitosis occurs.

Define chromosome
Define the terms: ploidy, haploid, and diploid
Name the phases of meiosis I, describe the events of each phase, identify the ploidy level
of cells at the end of meiosis I.
Name the phases of meiosis II, describe the events of each phase, identify the ploidy level
of cells at the end of meiosis II.
Indicate when homologous chromosomes separate and when sister chromatids separate
during meiosis.
Explain what occurs during crossing over
Name the products of meiosis and describe their chromosome content and their genetic
make-up compared to each other
Identify organs in which meiosis occurs
Identify the key steps during meiosis that result in genetically different daughter cells from
the same parent cell
Key Study Methods:
Be able to identify the type of cell division from a diagram. DRAW each stage of each
process for a cell with 2n = 4. Make flash-cards of the diagrams in Fig. 9.7 and Fig. 10.8.
Compare and contrast mitosis, meiosis I and meiosis II. Fill in text descriptions in a chart
similar to the one below.
Mitosis
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
Ploidy level BEFORE
division
1st stage
2nd stage
3rd stage
4th stage
5th stage
Product number of
cells
Genetic make-up

2 genetically identical 2n
cells

Chapters 11 & 12: Heredity

Define gene, locus, and allele. Know how many alleles an individual diploid organism can
have for each locus.

BIOL 1362

EXAM 1

Cheek Spring 2015

Explain why the number of alleles per gene in an individual can be different from the
number of alleles per gene in a population
Identify dominant, recessive, co-dominant, wild-type, mutant, and sex-linked modes of
inheritance from the notation (example: A is the dominant allele, a is the recessive
allele, Xb indicates a sex-linked recessive trait)
Analyze a pedigree to determine whether a trait is dominant or recessive and calculate the
probability of a dominant, recessive, or sex-linked trait being inherited by a son or
daughter
Use a Punnett square to figure out possible gamete genotype and progeny genotypes for
autosomal and X-linked traits
Define Mendels Law of segregation & explain its physical basis in chromosome movement
during Anaphase I
Define Mendels Law of independent assortment & its physical basis in chromosome
movement during Metaphase I
Monohybrid cross use Punnett square to detail possible genotype of gametes and
progeny and indicate progeny phenotypes
Dihybrid cross use Punnett square to show possible genotypes of gametes and progeny
and indicate progeny phenotype
Use correct notation for dominant, recessive, co-dominant, wild-type, mutant, sex-linked
Use a Punnett square to figure out possible gamete genotype and progeny genotypes for
X-linked traits, examples included fruit fly eye color, human color blindness, &
hemophilia
Inheritance of linked genes DOES NOT follow law of independent assortment
Key Study Method:
Solve practice problems: Chapter 11 Concept Check questions: 11.1 Qs 1 3; 11.2 Qs 1
3; and Test Your Understanding: Q1-4, 6-12, 16-18, 20; Chapter 12 Concept Check
Questions: 12.1 Q2, 12.2 Q1, Q3, 12.3 Q1 & Q2; Summary of Key Concepts: Concept 12.2
question; Test Your Understanding: Q1, Q2, Q5; Re-work homework problems in Mastering
Biology
Vocabulary

Interphase: S phase, G1 and G2 phases

Mitosis
Cytokinesis
Centrosome
Centromere
Chromatid
Prophase
Spindle
Prometaphase
Kinetochore
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cleavage furrow
Traits

Gene
Locus
Chromosome
Homologous chromosome
Karyotype
Autosome
Sex chromosome
Haploid
Diploid
Meiosis
Meiosis I
Meiosis II
Allele
Blending hypothesis
Particulate hypothesis

BIOL 1362

Character
Trait
P generation
F1 generation
F2 generation
Law of segregation
Law of independent assortment
Genotype
phenotype
Dominant allele

EXAM 1

Cheek Spring 2015

Recessive allele
Heterozygous
Homozygous
Punnett square
Monohybrid cross
Co-dominance
Epistasis
Sex-linked gene
Carrier
Linked gene

Drawings:
Assume a cell with 2n = 2.
o Draw the chromosomes at prophase, prometaphase, metaphase,
anaphase, and telophase of mitosis.
o Draw the choromosomes at each stage of Meiosis I and Meiosis II.
Assume a cell with 2n = 6. Draw each stage of mitosis and each stage of
meiosis.