Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction
/
/
4. Technical considerations
4.1 Interference / 9
4.2 Global roaming / 15
4.3 Dual duplexers in terminal equipment / 16
4.4 Antenna size / 16
6. Conclusion
7. Acronyms
18
18
17
1. INTRODUCTION
Mobile network operators face the challenge of meeting rising mobile broadband
demand. The availability of new devices, applications and faster access technologies is
leading to increases in subscriber usage. Using a conservative model, a Bell Labs analysis
of operator networks worldwide forecast a tenfold increase in monthly per-subscriber
usage from roughly 0.5 GB per user each month in 2013 to 5.0 GB per user each
month in 2017.
Operators have a number of ways to address this growth. Primarily, they plan to handle
it through a mix of new spectrum, via increases in spectral efficiency delivered by newer
technologies like LTE and through further spatial densification of the network,
for example, by using small cells.
Recognizing the importance of meeting broadband demand and its impact on stimulating
economic growth, governments have been freeing so called digital dividend spectrum
operating at sub-1 GHz. The excellent propagation characteristics of this spectrum enable
better coverage and in-building penetration. However, its availability varies across
countries, and different band plans have been adopted, as a result.
It is widely recognized that both developed and developing countries could gain from
global harmonization. It would allow economies of scale and enable more cost-effective
devices to become available, as vendors are assured of high volumes. It would also
enable better roaming, because the same band plan could be used across countries.
As a result, many countries have either opted for the APT700 band plan already, or they
are now considering such a plan. The APT700 band plan has been designed to enable
the most efficient use of available spectrum. It divides the band into contiguous blocks of
frequencies. For Frequency Division Duplex (FDD), the plan creates two 45MHz blocks
of spectrum, one for downlink and one for uplink. For Time Division Duplex (TDD),
a single 100MHz block of continuous spectrum is used.
This paper examines the state of APT700 around the world, addresses technical
considerations for implementing networks within this band plan and includes an
overview of the Alcatel-Lucent APT700 solution.
7000
Million inhabitants
6000
Asia
Latin America
5000
4000
3000
Europe
Africa
2000
1000
0
2008
US
Canada
2009
2010
700 US
2011
2012
800/700 EU
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
700 APT
2020
The sub-1 GHz spectrum is ideal for economically deploying mobile coverage relatively
quickly in wide areas, as well as for in-building use. According to a GSMA study1 the
low-frequency bands enable mobile operators to build low-cost networks capable of
handling the explosion of data consumption. Deploying a network that uses higherfrequency capacity bands requires more base stations to cover the same area. Rolling
out a 700MHzbased network can save up to 30 percent of the cost of rolling out a
2100MHzbased network, and this translates into greater access and a more affordable
service for customers.
Figure 2. Relative number of sites and CAPEX for coverage
1.0
1.0
1.2
4.6
5.6
10.8
35.6
35
30
28
Site need
CAPEX
25
CAPEX
20
15
10
5
0
1.0
1.0
1.1
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1800 MHz
2100 MHz
2600 MHz
3500 MHz
http://www.gsma.com/spectrum/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/GSMA-Policy-Position-on-the-Digital-Dividend.pdf
Beyond the technical deliberations, one of the most important factors in developing this
plan was economies of scale for handset manufacturers. The administrations, vendors
and carriers involved were well aware of the benefits to developing nations of Internet
access using affordable handsets and tablets. It is perhaps this reason, more than others,
that has encouraged many countries beyond ITU-R Region 3 to recently adopt the plan.
Figure 3. Near global harmonization possible with APT700 (Band 28)
Lower 2 x 30 MHz for ITU region 1, 2 x 45 MHz for regions 2 and 3 (upper 30 MHz for Japan)
ITU region 1
CEPT
ASMG
CITEL
ITU region 2
ATU
ITU region 3
APT
US Band Plan
Band 28 decisions/preference
Band 28 possible
APT
ASMG
ATU
CEPT
CITEL
Alcatel-Lucent is aligned with the industrys point of view, and we believe that, as
mobile broadband becomes the main broadband delivery mechanism in the world,
harmonization is playing an important role globally for the following reasons:
r Absence of harmonization (within a given region or among regions) can lead to
fragmented markets. This could result in significant reductions in the take-up of
any mobile service due to prohibitive handsets costs.
r Harmonization will allow mobile operators and manufacturers to address large markets
more efficiently, by achieving economies of scale for equipment manufacturers that
produce both network equipment and mobile terminals.
r The propagation characteristics of spectrum below 1 GHz make the 700MHz UHF
digital dividend band very suitable for wide coverage provision. This UHF spectrum is
also very well suited to in-building coverage provision, for example, in urban areas.
At first glance, the US band plan seems to be the most obvious plan with which to
encourage alignment. However, the US band plan has its own deficiencies, which
include:
r Interference between DTV Channel 51 and lower 700MHz cellular systems
(See interference scenarios 1 and 2 in Figure 4.)
r Interference between lower 700MHz D Block and lower 700MHz cellular systems
(See interference scenarios 3 and 4 in Figure 4.)
r Interference between public safety narrowband (PSNB) and upper 700MHz cellular
systems (See interference scenarios 7 and 8 in Figure 4.)
r High-power, downlink-only broadcasts in E Block into A Block downlink
(See scenario 5 in Figure 4.)
r Limited block sizes not conducive to 20MHz channel LTE
r Specific carve-outs for public safety
Figure 4. Potential interference among US 700MHz broadcast, public safety and cellular systems
Interference
Scenario 1
698
MHz
TV
Broadcast
TV
Channelization
Scenario 5
Scenario 3
710
704
722
716
728
Scenario 7
734
740
746
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
DL
Scenario 2
DL
UL
Scenario 4
DL
Scenario 6
769
758 763
768
757
C
60
61
DL
Public
Safety
Broadband
62
63
DL
788 793
799
806
798
787
805 MHz
776
775
Public
Safety
Narrowband
64
65
DL
66
UL
Scenario 8
Public
Safety
Broadband
D
67
UL
68
Public
Safety
Narrowband
69
UL
UL = Uplink
DL = Downlink
The UE-to-UE interference issue could be alleviated using various techniques, such as
appropriate guard bands, UE transmitter emission mask improvements, receiver selectivity
enhancements, limiting the UE transmit bandwidth at the maximum power, overprovisioning of Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and additional maximum power
reduction (AMPR).
A substantial guard band may be required to minimize interference from UE-to-UE
interference. Potentially, this could be more than the guard band needed for BS-to-BS
interference mitigation.
The shortcomings of this US 700MHz band plan can be summarized as follows:
r Only up to 10MHz channel bandwidth is supported by the 700MHz LTE UE standard to
prevent UE self desensitization.
r It is not possible to allocate larger carrier blocks in LTE, such as 20MHz, because
the plan is too fragmented due to the guard band required to mitigate inter-system
interference. However, larger carrier blocks are essential for providing the highest spectral
efficiencies and highest throughputs per user.
r The cost-per-delivered-megabit per second is higher, since optimal capacity-permegahertz cannot be achieved.
r The cost, size and weight of cellular BS and UE Tx and Rx filters are increased in order to
alleviate BS-to-BS interference, UE-to-UE interference and interference between broadcast
and cellular downlinks.
r The uplink LTE coverage, throughput or both could be reduced with AMPR.
r The LTE uplink peak data rate could be reduced through over-provisioned PUCCH.
In Asia Pacific, the Asia-Pacific Telecommunity Wireless Group (now the APT Wireless
Forum or AWF), began considering how to make the best use of the digital dividend. Given
the front runner status of the US band plan, there was some impetus within the Asia
Pacific region to adopt the US band plan. However, after due consideration of the issues
described in this paper, there was no consensus to adopt the plan. The regional group
developed and adopted two consensus band plans that offered greater spectrum usage
and larger spectrum blocks, one FDD arrangement and one TDD arrangement.
3
MHz
10 MHz
center gap
DTTV
PPDR/LMR
694
MHz
698
MHz
45 MHz
45 MHz
806
MHz
It should be noted that in many Asia-Pacific countries the broadcast spectrum will be
cleared down to 694MHz, due to the size of the TV channel rasters. So there will be
a guard band of up to 9MHz on the bottom end.
TDD frequency arrangement
Figure 6. APT harmonized TDD arrangement for 698MHz to 806MHz
PPDR/LMR
DTTV
694
MHz
806
MHz
698
MHz
The TDD band plan also calls for a minimum internal guard band of 5MHz at the lower
edge (698MHz) and 3MHz at the upper edge (806MHz), in addition to the external
4MHz guard band (694MHz to 698MHz).
Frequency
arrangements
Paired arrangements
Mobile station
transmitter
(MHz)
Base station
transmitter
(MHz)
Duplex separation
(MHz)
Unpaired
arrangements
(e.g., for TDD)
(MHz)
A1
824849
20
869-894
45
None
A2
880915
10
925-960
45
None
A3
832862
11
791-821
41
None
A4
698716
776793
12
13
728-746
746-763
30
30
716-728
A5
703748
10
758-803
55
None
A6
None
None
None
Center gap
(MHz)
698-806
4. TECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS
As previously discussed, the APT700 band plan offers both economic and technical benefits
by helping to achieve global harmonization and economies of scale. The following sections
address the technical considerations involved when implementing networks within this band
plan.
4.1 Interference
Despite the APT700 band plans obvious improvement over the US plan, some challenges
associated with the Asia-Pacific FDD plan still remain, including:
r Critical interference scenario from LTE UE transmitter to a DTV receiver (especially for
countries with 6MHz TV rasters up to 698MHz)
r Critical interference scenario from land mobile radio (LMR) mobile transmitter to a LTE
UE receiver
r Potential third-order passive intermodulation (PIM) with 850MHz systems
One way that the Asia-Pacific plan addresses these challenges is through guard bands and
the use of dual duplexers. However, the arrangement of the dual duplexers still needs to
be finalized. Sub-band size and overlap will determine the various sub-band allocations
that administrations can allocate. For example, Figure 7 shows a 5MHz overlap, with some
options for sub-band allocation following a 5MHz raster. The smaller 20MHz duplexer B
is the higher band, which helps relax requirements on the UE filters for protection of selfdesensitization across the 10MHz center band gap. It also helps the base transceiver station
(BTS) filter for the sharp roll-off required for protection of any adjacent Public Protection
and Disaster Relief (PPDR).
Figure 7. Sub-band allocation options with APT 698MHz to 806MHz band plan
APT UHF (2x45 MHz, Conventional FDD)
698
MHz
703
728
733
748
758
783
45 MHz
806
803
788
Duplex B Downlink 20 MHz
PPDR
Uplink
45 MHz
5 MHz
3 MHz
A
10 MHz
A
20 MHz
A
15 MHz
A
5 MHz
A
5 MHz
A
10 MHz
A
5 MHz
A
15 MHz
A
15 MHz
A
20 MHz
B
5 MHz
A
10 MHz
B
20 MHz
B
15 MHz
A
10 MHz
B
10 MHz
B
10 MHz
B
15 MHz
B
10 MHz
A
10 MHz
A
20 MHz
A
15 MHz
A
5 MHz
A
5 MHz
A
10 MHz
A
5 MHz
B
10 MHz
B
20 MHz
A
15 MHz
A
15 MHz
A
20 MHz
B
5 MHz
B
15 MHz
A
10 MHz
B
10 MHz
B
15 MHz
B
10 MHz
4.1.1 Digital TV
There are three digital terrestrial television broadcasting (DTTB) systems in the world. They
include Digital Television (DTV), developed in the United States; Digital Video Broadcasting
Terrestrial (DVB-T), developed in Europe; and Integrated Services Digital BroadcastingTerrestrial (ISDB-T), developed in Japan. This section considers interference of APT700
with DVB-T and ISDB-T.
DVB-T
Interference can occur when IMT services (based on LTE) co-exist with digital TV systems
(based on DVB-T) adjacent to the lower end of the band. This can happen with either a
5MHz or a 9MHz guard band in the APT700 band plan. The potential interference
scenarios include:
r Scenario 1: Interference from LTE UE transmitter to DTV receiver
r Scenario 2: Interference from DTV station transmitter to LTE base station
Figure 8. Potential interference among APT700 broadcast and cellular systems
3
MHz
10 MHz
center gap
BTS Rx &
UE Tx
BTS Tx &
UE Rx
DTTV
694
MHz
698
MHz
45 MHz
45 MHz
AWG-11/INP-17
10
806
MHz
PPDR/LMR
and other
services
To maintain this limit for all LTE channels (up to 20MHz), additional filter attenuation
of at least 13 dB would be required in the DVB-T receive band.
ISDB-T
A recent analysis conducted by the government of Japan examined interference between
a digital ISDB-T and IMT (uplink and downlink) in the 700MHz band. The study considered protection ratios and overload threshold values for ISDB-T as noted in Table 2. A
comparison of these parameter values with those of DVB-T in the ITU-R Joint Task Group
4-5-6-7/126 revealed that the parameter values for DVB-T are similar to those for ISDB-T3.
As a result, the sharing and compatibility studies based on DVB-T can also be applicable
to ISDB-T.
Table 2. Findings of a study examining protection ratios and overload threshold values for ISDB-T
Interferer offset
N/(MHz)
PR (dB)
Co-channel (AWGN)
Co-channel (LTE)
20.2
20
Oth (dBm)
PR (dB)
20.2
Oth (dBm)
-
19.5
1/(9MHz)
-22.5
-12
-4.2
-20
2/(15MHz)
-34.9
-10
-9.8
-17.5
4/(27MHz)
-36.2
-8
-32.5
-16
6/(39MHz)
-37.2
-50.1
-15.5
18/(111MHz)
-38.9
-46.9
-6
19/(117MHz)
-38.9
-45.8
-7
Note: PR and Oth values for a 6MHz ISDB-T 64-QAM with code rate 7/8 signal interfered
with by a 10MHz LTE base station or user equipment signal in a Gaussian channel
environment for all tuners and traffic loadings
4.1.2 LMR PPDR
Studies conducted in AWG during the development of the APT digital dividend band
plan focused on interference issues with the existing narrowband public safety systems
above 806MHz. Those studies found that Using the study from ECC Report 131 as a
basis, it appears feasible for the 806MHz to 894MHz frequency to be used for mobile
broadband services including for PPDR applications.4
4.1.3 Cross-border (US band and APT band)
Along the US-Mexican border, inconsistencies between the US and APT700 FDD band
plans will cause interference requiring carefully coordinated radio planning to mitigate.
The difficulties are evident in the comparative band plan shown in Figure 9. It illustrates
the US band plan with 3GPP bands 12, 13, 14 and 17 on the top. The APT700 FDD Band
28 plan appears below. Between them, the frequency regions of particular interference
concerns are shown as arrow where the US downlink is on the same frequencies Mexico
uses for uplink (between 716MHz and 748MHz). So existing US base stations transmit
directly on frequencies the Mexican base stations will otherwise use for uplink reception.
The spectrum from 776MHz to 803MHz has Mexican base stations potentially injecting
co-channel interference into base station receivers on the US side of the border, as
3
4
Document 4-5-6-7/146
AWG-11/INP-23
11
well as into some public safety fixed receivers. These regions of spectrum require close
coordination of base station placement and antenna orientation to reduce the incidence
of interference. At a minimum, some buffer zone is needed where the operator in
one nations system would be overly desensitized by co-channel interference from base
stations across the border. Negotiation between operators can benefit everyone, because
the harm is reciprocal. Judicious down-tilting of antennas near the border would be
helpful, as would placing antennas near the border but directed toward the serving areas,
probably with fewer sectors than normal, as shown in Figure 10. The figure (which is
not to scale) illustrates two-sectored towers near the border and conventional threesectored antennas far from the border. Operators may also place smaller cells near the
border, and indoor cells may be located particularly close to the border. In this case, the
building-penetration loss contributes helpfully to the antenna isolation needed to obtain
an agreed-upon desensitization level.
Figure 9. Potential interference between US and APT700 band plans
US Band plans for 700 MHz
698
Channel #
US Plan
704
710
716
722
728
734
740
746
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
Band 17
3GPP Plan
Band 29
758
61
C
Band 17
Band 12
Direction
752
60
764
62
A
Band 13
770
63
PS BB
776
64
782
65
PS NB B
Band 14
788
66
C
794
67
A
Band 13
800
68
806
69
PS BB
PS NB B
Band 14
Band 12
Downlink
Uplink
In accord
Downlink
Downlink
Uplink
In accord
Interference
Uplink
Interference
DTV
698
704
710
716
722
5 MHz
728
734
740
746
752
758
764
770
776
Uplink
748
45 MHz
788
Filter 2
10 MHz
duplex
Filter 1
45 MHz
Filter 2
There are ranges of frequency where the uplink-downlink orientation will be the same
on both sides of the border, as shown in Figure 9 (703MHz to 716MHz for uplink and
the US public safety downlink blocks). This is not helpful to the US C Block operator, but
the Mexican operator in the lower 13MHz of the spectrum will benefit. Some co-channel
interference will still occur, approximately the same degree of interference that arises
near any service area boundary. In these cases, operator coordination of power-flux
density, at ground level near the border region, can be agreed upon and controlled
through antenna orientation. Unfortunately, because the channelization is not exactly
806
PPDR/LMR
Border
12
800
803
758
Figure 10. Mitigating co-channel interference along the border through careful RF planning
794
Downlink
703
Filter 1
782
PPDR/LMR
Up
the same, and bands are different, one countrys UE may drag a call into the neighboring
country without intersystem handoffs to return the terminal to the lowest transmit
power levels.
Adjacent channel interference can arise across the border, as shown in Figure 11.
Figure 11. Adjacent channel interference scenarios
APT
Band
Plan in
Mexico
698
MHz
703
748
806
803
DTV
PPDR
ACI from BS to
BS (Scenario A)
698
MHz
USA
Band
Plan
758
DTV
TV
Channelization
704
710
ACI from UE to
UE (Scenario B)
716
722
ACI from
UE to UE
(Scenario D)
ACI from BS to
BS (Scenario C)
728
734
740
746
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
758
757
769
768
Public
Safety
A
Broadband
C
60
ACI from UE to
UE (Scenario E)
61
62
ACI from BS to
BS (Scenario F)
776
775
788
787
Public
Public
Safety
Narrowband B
63
64
65
Currently, these co-channel interference scenarios are not insignificant, and negotiations
are made more difficult by the substantial existing deployment of systems on the US side.
However, the reciprocity of the interference should motivate negotiations as the Mexican
spectrum is put to use, and coordination of the radio network planning can proceed
among the operators. The increasing availability of small cells (Alcatel-Lucent metro cells
and indoor cells) provides new and very useful tools for radio planning and should help
mitigate the size of the exclusion zones near the border.
Alcatel-Lucents use of frequency selective scheduling (FSS) tends to mitigate interference
by scheduling physical resource blocks (PRBs) that are somewhat orthogonal to those
of an interfering source that may overlap the channel. Some important interference
mitigations have used over provisioned PUCCH to reduce ACLR in bands with
particularly onerous emission leakage regulations.
13
Broadband
66
67
805
Public
Safety
Narrowband
A Safety
799
798
68
69
There may be other cases where FDD and TDD versions of the APT700 bands are used
in adjacent countries. However, the economics have favored FDD systems, reducing
the number of instances of this discrepancy, for example, to regions along the Chinese
borders.
Troublesome cross-border interference issues may be dealt with using the tools and
methods just discussed to efficiently minimize the buffer zones with the acceptable
performance penalties.
4.1.4 GPS
As mentioned in section 3.2.2, the APT700 FDD band plan places the downlink in
the spectrum from 758MHz to 803MHz. Harmonics from these powerful downlink
signals can be a concern for operations in the lower L band (second harmonic) and
the SDARs band (third harmonic) where Sirius-XM have international operations. The
second harmonic is of particular concern for signals in the upper filter 2 duplexer region,
because it includes the GPS Radio Navigation Satellite Services (RNSS). These sensitive
receivers are tuned to listen to very weak satellite signals centered at 1575.42MHz and
with substantial bandwidths of many megahertz. Moreover, these receivers are often
used in close proximity to mobile handsets and may even be built inside the same
smartphones.
This is a design challenge for the upper C Block terminals used in the United States.
However, with care and by sampling the GPS receiver during those time slots when
the UE is not transmitting, adequate performance can be obtained. The larger power
levels used in the base stations tend to generate correspondingly larger harmonic
products, if care is not taken in the connection and installation of base station radios
and their antennas. Passive harmonic generation from poor connectors, water ingress
or even rusty bolts on the antenna mounts and structure have been found to generate
deleterious harmonic products. Provided that good installation practices are followed,
however, this should not be a problem, particularly for conventional macro cells with
antennas that are some distance from the GPS receivers. Metro cells and other small cells
must be considered carefully, so that they are not mounted too close to locations where
GPS receivers may need to operate.
In sum, when compared with the US plan, the APT700 plan:
r Significantly reduces the DTV interference concern
r Improves the interference scenario with PPDR
r Manages the harmonic interference issue with GPS receivers
r Offers larger bandwidth to facilitate LTE deployment up to 20MHz FDD or TDD
channels
r Potentially delivers respectable economies of scale, especially if Japan also manages
to clear the 698MHz to 806MHz range
r Mitigates self-desensitization by employing the dual duplex band plan to increase
the duplex gap
The APT700 plan does not completely eliminate the challenges described here. However,
it does significantly reduce their impact. Careful consideration and planning must, as
always, be used when deploying systems according to this plan.
14
703
733
758
APT A - lower
APT B - lower
718
788
791
APT A - upper
736
821
CEPT - lower
832
862
CEPT - upper
APT B - upper
748
773
791
803
Harmonization of the APT700 band plan within the Caribbean and Latin America
(CALA) region is essential for intra-region roaming purposes. In Mexico, most visitors
and roamers are from the United States, but in other countries, the bulk of visitors and
roamers come from within CALA and from Europe, as shown in Table 3.
Table 3. Visitors and roamers origin for CALAs five largest countries
Percent of Visitors
and Roamers
Brazil
Mexico
Colombia
Argentina
Peru
CALA
34%
2%
56%
55.5%
38%
NAR
15%
83%
27%
16.0%
19%
EU
32%
14%
17%
14.0%
32%
APAC
1%
1%
0%
1.5%
6%
Others
18%
0%
0%
13.0%
5%
Total
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
There are then three different cases to support roaming into the CALA region:
r Roamers from the United States and Canada will use the US band plan.
r Roamers from APAC will use the APAC band plan.
r Roamers from Europe will use the 800MHz band.
It will be challenging to have terminals supporting all the different band plans for the
lower LTE frequencies. At some point, terminals will probably support both the US and
the APAC700 band plans, but this will increase terminal complexity and cost.
Based on the data in Table 3, APAC roamers into CALA are limited, so roaming is not a
major driver of the band-selection decision. However, adoption of the APT700 band plan
15
within CALA would clearly help cut down on device costs, offer operators more spectrum and
limit the interference issues that may arise with the US band plan.
Most of inter-regional roaming will not be achieved through the use of terminals supporting
two or three different band plans for the lower frequencies, but rather through other bands,
such as the AWS band for roamers from the United States and Canada and the 1.8 GHz and
2.6 GHz band for roamers from other countries. The 1.8 GHz and 2.6 GHz band will surely
play a major role for international roaming and should be supported by most devices.
5
6
IWPC Mobile RF Filter Group filing of Don Brown, November 27, 2012, FCC
view?id=7022066310
Epple, 1990
16
17
6. CONCLUSION
The strong interest in and adoption of the APT700 band plan has demonstrated a desire for
global harmonization. The unique characteristics of a low-frequency, sub-1 GHz spectrum
make it ideal for providing both outdoor and indoor coverage, because of its excellent
propagation characteristics, in both rural and urban environments. Of the three sub-1 GHz
band plans, the APT700 plan is expected to show the highest growth in the coming years.
The APT700 band plan paves the way for economies of scale for devices and network
infrastructure. It also delivers improved spectrum efficiency and roaming, and it enables
additional capacity to support new mobile broadband services. The band plan also offers
many economic and technical advantages.
The deployment of APT700 band networks will be dependent on the timing of frequency
auctions and the availability of UE to support this band. Band Class 28 commercial devices
(data solutions) are currently expected to be available by mid-2014. High-end devices,
including smartphones and tablets, will start rolling out in the late 2014/early 2015
timeframe. With this anticipated timeline for the Band Class 28 device ecosystem, LTE
carriers are likely to start deploying APT700 networks in the second half of 2014 with
commercial launches expected in 2015.
As a leader in LTE, Alcatel-Lucent is developing solutions that take full advantage of the
APT700 band plan. The Alcatel-Lucent LTE solution includes a full range of products
supporting macro cells, metro cells, enterprise cells and residential cells that collectively
provide capacity and coverage while achieving higher spectrum utilization and an improved
user experience.
7. ACRONYMS
ACLR
ISDB-T
AMPR
IMT
APAC
ITU
APT
LTE
ASIC
MHz
Megahertz
AWG
OEM
BC
Band Class
OOB
Out of Band
BS
Base Station
PIM
Passive Intermodulation
CALA
PPDR
CPE
PSNB
DTTB
PUCCH
DTV
Digital Television
RNSS
DVB-T
RRH
EDD
Rx
Receive
EMEA
TDD
FDD
TRDU
TDD
Tx
Transmit
GB
Gigabyte
UE
User Equipment
GHz
Gigahertz
GPS
GSMA
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