Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Versatile
Runs may vary in length
Same equipment distills several different products
at different times
Distillation required occasionally
W, xW
QR
Still pot
Reflux returned to
column
column
L
Distillate withdrawn
continuously
W, xW
Still pot
QR
Batch Distillation
Mass balances - entire system
F = W final + Dtotal
FxF = xw, finalW final + xD , avg Dtotal
F, xF, and xW,final or xD,avg specified
Rayleigh Equation
Derived from differential mass balance
Assume holdup is negligible
in - out = accumulation in reboiler
xD dW = d (WxW )
xD dW = WdxW xW dW
Rayleigh Equation
Rearranging and Integrating
W final
dW
=
W
W =F
ln
W final
F
xW , final
xF
dxW
xD xW
xF
xW , final
dxW
xD xW
ln
W final
F
xF
xW , final
dx
=
yx
x
xF
W , final
dx
f ( x) x
W final
xF dx
= Fe area
= F exp
yx
x
W , final
xD , avg =
Dtotal = F W final
x
y=
1 + ( 1) x
W final
ln
F
xw, final (1 xF )
1 xF
1
+ ln
ln
=
1
1 xW , final
1
x
x
(
)
F
w
final
,
V j +1 = L j + D
V j +1 y j +1 = L j x j + DxD
Qc + V j +1 H j +1 = L j h j + DhD
y j +1
L
L
= x j + 1 xD
V
V
xW , final
dxW
xD xW
W final = Fe
area
xD , avg =
Dtotal = F W final