Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Life
A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO
PUNJAB TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
JALANDHAR
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE
AWARD OF DEGREE OF
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
(MBA DEGREE)
(2009-2011)
IGEF
Project Guide
Miss Sharanpreet Kaur
Lect(MBA)
Submitted To
Shweta Khatana
90412265372
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In preparing this report a considerable amount of thinking and informational inputs
from various sources were involved. I express my deep sense of gratitude to my
project guide Miss.Sharanpreet Kaur, IGEF, Abhipur for her excellent spirit,
effective guidance, encouragement and constant criticism, which gave me the
confidence to complete the project effectively. In spite of having a very busy
schedule, she made sure in every way that I acquire the best possible exposure and
knowledge during my preparation of research report under his guidance. She gave
all the time and attention, which I needed to complete my research and compile my
report in as much orderly way as possible.
I am also thankful to all those people, who are directly or indirectly associated with
the timely completion my project, without which I otherwise would not have able
to complete my research report.
Shweta Khatana
Student(MBA 4th SEM)
DECLARATION
I, Shweta Khatna here by declare that the project report submitted to my college,
INDO GLOBAL COLLEGE OF MANAGEMENT, in partial fulfillment for the
Degree of Master of Business Administration on Analysis of Effectiveness of
Quality of Work Life is a result of my own work under continuous guidance and
kind co-operation of our college faculty member, Lect. Sharanpreet Kaur. I have
not submitted this project report to any other university for the reward of any
degree.
Shweta Khatana
Student (MBA 2009-11)
IGEF, Abhipur
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Shweta Khatana has worked on the project entitled Analysis
of Effectiveness of Quality of Work Life. This report or any part of it has not
been previously submitted for the award of any other degree or diploma of either
this University or any other University. This Project was done under my guidance
in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of MBA degree. This
bonafide research work is original and her performance and conduct during the
period was satisfactory.
Project Guide
Miss Sharanpreet kaur
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SERIAL NO.
CHAPTERS
Chapter-1
Introduction
Introduction to the project
Chapter 2
Review of Literature
Chapter 3
Chapter-4
Chapter-5
Chapter-6
Research methodology
Chapter-7
Chapter-8
Chapter-9
REFERENCES
Chapte-10
Annexure
PAGE NO.
Chapter 1
Introduction
INTRODUCTION
The organization is the most significant and integral part of administration.
Hence, organization is a form of group activities where people associate
consciously and interact with one another for the attainment of mutually
agreed purposes. To a large extent, organizational success and failure
depends upon the good organizational structure and efficient manpower
working with it.
The QWL or Quality of Work Life in an organization is essential to the smooth
running and the success of its employees. The Work Life balance must be
maintained effectively to ensure that all employees are running at their peak
potential and free from stress and strain. An organizations HR department
assumes responsibility for the effective running of the Quality of Work Life for
their employees. Quality of Work Life helps employees to feel secure and like
theyre being thought of and cared for by the organization in which they
work.
People are becoming more quality conscious as of their work, the products
and the quality of their work life. Efficiency of each activity depends on the
quality of work life of the people. Quality of work life is not based on
particular theory nor does advocate a particular theory technique for
application. Instead quality of work life is concern with the over all climate of
work. Quality of work life will be varying from place to place, industry to
industry and culture to culture.
Term quality of work life (QWL):Motivation and satisfaction always remain a great concern of manager and
management thinkers. The Japanese people use QWL, term for two concepts
of motivation and satisfaction.
Good supervision,
Decision participation,
facets of quality of working life offers the opportunity for improved analysis of cause and effect
in the workplace.
This consideration of quality of working Life as the greater context for various factors in the
workplace, such as job satisfaction and stress, may offer opportunity for more cost-effective
interventions in the workplace. The effective targeting of stress reduction, for example, may
otherwise prove a hopeless task for employers pressured to take action to meet governmental
requirements.
Models and components of quality of working life
Various authors and researchers have proposed models of quality of working life which include a
wide range of factors. Selected models are reviewed below.
Hackman and Oldham (1976) drew attention to what they described as psychological growth
needs as relevant to the consideration of Quality of working life. Several such needs were
identified :
Skill variety,
Task Identity,
Task significance,
Autonomy and
Feedback.
In contrast to such theory based models, Taylor (1979) more pragmatically identified the
essential components of quality of working life as basic extrinsic job factors of wages, hours and
working conditions, and the intrinsic job notions of the nature of the work itself. He suggested
that a number of other aspects could be added, including :
individual power,
social support,
self development,
Taylor suggested that relevant quality of working life concepts may vary according to
organisation and employee group.
Warr and colleagues (1979) , in an investigation of quality of working life, considered a range of
apparently relevant factors, including :
work involvement,
job satisfaction,
life satisfaction,
happiness, and
self-rated anxiety.
They discussed a range of correlations derived from their work, such as those between work
involvement and job satisfaction, intrinsic job motivation and job satisfaction, and perceived
intrinsic job characteristics and job satisfaction. In particular, Warr et al. found evidence for a
moderate association between total job satisfaction and total life satisfaction and happiness, with
a less strong, but significant association with self-rated anxiety.
Thus, whilst some authors have emphasised the workplace aspects in quality of working life,
others have identified the relevance of personality factors, psychological well being, and broader
concepts ofhappiness and life satisfaction.
Factors more obviously and directly affecting work have, however, served as the main focus of
attention, as researchers have tried to tease out the important influences on quality of working
life in the workplace.
They defined quality of working life as satisfaction of these key needs through resources,
activities, and outcomes stemming from participation in the workplace. Needs as defined by the
psychologist,Abraham Maslow, were seen as relevant in underpinning this model, covering
health & safety, economic and family, social, esteem, actualisation, knowledge and aesthetics,
although the relevance of non-work aspects is play down as attention is focussed on quality of
work life rather than the broader concept of quality of life.
These attempts at defining quality of working life have included theoretical approaches, lists of
identified factors, correlational analyses, with opinions varying as to whether such definitions
and explanations can be both global, or need to be specific to each work setting.
Bearfield, (2003) used 16 questions to examine quality of working life, and distinguished
between causes of dissatisfaction in professionals, intermediate clerical, sales and service
workers, indicating that different concerns might have to be addressed for different groups.
The distinction made between job satisfaction and dissatisfaction in quality of working life
reflects the influence of job satisfaction theories. Herzberg at al., (1959) used Hygiene factors
and Motivator factors to distinguish between the separate causes of job satisfaction and job
dissatisfaction. It has been suggested that Motivator factors are intrinsic to the job, that is; job
content, the work itself, responsibility and advancement. The Hygiene factors or dissatisfactionavoidance factors include aspects of the job environment such as interpersonal relationships,
salary, working conditions and security. Of these latter, the most common cause of job
dissatisfaction can be company policy and administration, whilst achievement can be the greatest
source of extreme satisfaction.
An individuals experience of satisfaction or dissatisfaction can be substantially rooted in their
perception, rather than simply reflecting their real world. Further, an individuals perception
can be affected by relative comparison am I paid as much as that person - and comparisons of
internalised ideals, aspirations, and expectations, for example, with the individuals current state
(Lawler and Porter, 1966).
CHAPTER 2
REVIEW OF
LITERATURE
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Quality of work life has been differentiated form the broader concept of quality of work life. To
some degree, this may be overly simplistic, as Elizur and shy, (1990) concluded that quality of
work performance is affected by quality of work life. it will be argued here that the specific
attention to work- related aspects of quality of life is valid.
Baba and Jamal (1991) listed what they described as typical indicators of quality of working life,
including: job satisfaction, job involvement, work role ambiguity, work role conflict, work role
overload, job stress, organizational commitment and turn-over intentions.
Sirgy et al.; (2001) suggested that the key factor in quality of work life are: Need satisfaction
based on job requirements, Need satisfaction based on work environment, Need satisfaction
based on supervisory behaviour, Organization commitment. They defined quality of working life
as satisfaction of these key needs through resources, activities and outcomes stemming from
participation in the work place
Sayeed and Sinha (1984) examined the relationship between QWl, job stress and performance.
The result indicate that higher QWL leads to greater job satisfaction.
Rehman (1984) in his study on the industrial worker of India found that subjects having low
educational background and lower income had better perception of QWL than those having
higher education and higher income.
Haque (1992) in his study found that QWL is positively related to performance and negatively
correlated to absenteeism. But he found no relationship between perceived QWL and workers
age, education and job experience.
CHAPTER 3
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The QWL or Quality of Work Life in an organization is essential to the smooth running and the
success of its employees. The Work Life balance must be maintained effectively to ensure that
all employees are running at their peak potential and free from stress and strain. An
organizations HR department assumes responsibility for the effective running of the Quality of
Work Life for their employees. Quality of Work Life helps employees to feel secure and like
theyre being thought of and cared for by the organization in which they work. Quality of Work
Life helps employees to feel secure and like theyre being thought of and cared for by the
organization in which they work. The main focus of the studies areHow an organization creating a good working environment.
How employees work together in cooperative way and contribute their best in achieving the
organization goal.
How QWL influenced by factors such as job security opportunities for career development, work
pattern and work life balance.
A great work place is measured by the quality of three, interconnected relationships that exits
there.
The relationship between employees and management.
The relationship between employees and their job/company.
The relationship between employees and other co-employees.
This research enables to cover the gap identified from the review of literature. That is why a need
was felt to conduct a fresh research in this area.
Chapter 4
INTRODUCTION OF THE
COMPANY
NHPC
In India, electricity is produced in various sector hydro, tidal, wind, geothermal &gas potential.
NHPC is the power organization in the field of hydro sector. It was established on 7th
November 1975.
NHPC is a schedule A enterprise of the government of India. With an authorized share capital
of Rs. 15,000 crore and an investment base of about Rs. 36,520 crore. NHPC is ranked as a
premier organization in the country for development of hydropower. NHPC is among the TOP
TEN companies in the country in terms of investment. Acredited with ISO-9001:2000 &ISO14001:2004 certificates for its quality system & environment concerns. NHPC Corporate
office is in FARIDABAD .So far, NHPC has completed 13projects with a total installed
capacity of 5175 MW which includes 1000MW.Indira Sagar project &520 MW Omkareshwar
project
NHPC AN OVERVIEW
Year of establishment
1975
Rs15,000 crores
Asset value
Rs.25,000 crores
Projects completed
13(4665 MW)
Manpower
13,114
2 (74.1 MW)
12(5132 MW)
Projects commissioned
On deposit/ turnkey basis
Total installed capacity
4665MW
(2007-08)
Rs1012 crores
(2008-2009)
Rs1,075 crores
13048.76 Mus
(2008-2009)
During the financial year 2008-2009, NHPC power stations achieved the highest generation
CHAPTER 5
Manager
(HR)
HR Officer- HR Officer- HR OfficerAM (Law) HR Officer-I
I
II
IV
PRO
Ass
Hindi
officer
Development takes place only when an individual perceives a gap between what he
should do or what he would like to do & what he actually does.
The strength of any organization is its people. If people are attended to properly by
recognizing their talents, developing their capabilities & utilizing them
appropriately, organization are likely to be dynamic & grow.
It simply means development for the sake of HR or to improve them.
IN NHPC
There is a special HRD Corner in which the different kinds of training programs are
given.
Training Programs which are conducted for the welfare of the employees in NHPC
are:
Training
Training
Training
Training
Training
Training
Program
Program
Program
Program
Program
Program
on
on
on
on
on
on
Cadre/Group
Management
Cadre
Post
Grade Code
Executive Director
E9
General Manager
E8
Chief Engineer/Chief
E7
Senior Manager
E6
FEATURES
Executive Cadre
Supervisory
Cadre
Workmen Cadre
Manager
E5
Deputy Manager
E4
Assistant Manager
E3
Engineer/Officer/TE/TO
E2/E2A
Asstt.
Officer
E1
Engr.
/Asstt.
Distt
Chamba
in
H.P.
Approach
nearest Rail
Head
Sr.Supervisor Spl
S4
Sr.Supervisor Gr-I
S3
Sr.Supervisor Gr-II
S2
300 MW (3
Supervisor
S1
*100 MW)
Pathankot
Capacity
W8/W9
Annual
Skilled/Ministerial
GrIII/II/I/Spl
W4/W5/W6/W7
Generation
16690Mus
W2/W4/W5/W6
W0/W1/W2/W3/W4
(completion Cost)
Beneficiary State
Location
Project Cost
Rs. 1929.57
crores
Year of commissioning
March 2004
MANPOWER IN CPS-II
262
NO. OF EXECUTIVES
73
NO. OF SUPERVISORS
53
104
156
36
26
8
1
331
VICE PRESIDENT
GER SECRETERY
JOINT SECRETARY
WORKERS
OBJECTIVES:
For better quality of work life, organization Provided better facilities & amenities for their
families so that they can do their job tension free & smoothly . Healthy & conducive working
conditions at work place increase the morale of workers & they can take keen interest to their work
which is necessary for increasing the productivity & reduces absenteeism & turnover in employees.
The management have been enduring to improve the basic needs & facilities of the employees.
The principal Act to provide for various labour welfare measures in India is the Factory Act
contains(1) Statutory Welfare Services.
(2) Non - Statutory Welfare Services
Statutory or non-statutory provisions are discussed in brief following.
STATUORY WELFARE SERVICE
(A) Drinking Water
In Offices & work site effective arrangement has been made to provide safe & pure drinking water
for all persons employed therein.
(B) Latrines and Urinal
In offices & work site latrines & Urinals have been constructed separately for male & female and
are adequately lighted, ventilated and at all times maintained in a clean and sanitary conditions.
(c)
Ambulance
Ambulance has been provided at work site & it is kept for Conveyance for persons who suffers
bodily injury or become ill. There are three ambulances for safety purposes.
(D)
Working hours
There is shift working at place of work. Workers shall be liable to work in any shift.
General shift : 9:30 A.M. to 5:30 P.M.
shift
II shift
III shift
(E)
Compensatory Of
Every workmen shall be entitled to grant of weekly off in accordance with provisions of
the Factories Act.
( F ) Uniform / Liveries
All workmen and supervisors are entitled to uniforms both for summer and winter as per laid
down norms.
(G) Washing allowance
There is a provision for washing allowance given to all the employees.
(I) Canteen/mess
There is a canteen/mess at office site & field hostel provided by the management and the
same are run by the contractors providing tea, lunch to the employees.
Canteen-1,
Mess-1, in office.
Chamba. NHPC provided housing facilities to employees, water and electric supply to houses
and fans to each house.
(B) Field Hostel-: In Chamera stage-ii, project hostel facility is available in Karian, Chamba.
There is 40 single rooms in the hostel.
(C) Education-: Education is the most important part of the life. So that NHPC have been
provided the school facility. In Karian, Chamba. NHPC provided Kendriya Vidyalaya Upto class
XII. The building funds and residential accommodation has been provided by NHPC.
(D) Hospital and Dispensaries-: NHPC has provided the hospital and dispensaries to all the
employees. At the work site, there is a hospital who provides first aid facility and tere is only one
doctor. But in Karian, Chamba, There is the main hospital. There are three doctors including
Lady Doctor. Head of the hospital is Senior Chief Medical Officer. Under his control Para
medical staff are working.
Swipper
:2
Helpers
:6
Dresser
:1
Pharmacist
:3
Staff Nurse
:1
Lab technician
:1
X-Ray technician
:1
Operation Theater
X-Ray Room
Laboratory
Special ward
Separate Ladies & Gents wards
Maternity ward
E.C.G. and Ultrasound Room
Labour Room
Isolation Room
There is one dispensary in Dharwala, and one is in Karian, Chamba.
(E) Leave Travel Concession ( LTC )-: An employee can enjoy LTC to Home town or any other
place in India limited to1800 K.M. each way, once in a block of two years. Total expenditure in
air, rail, bus, taxi fare is reimbursed.
(F) Transport facilities-: A Project bus has been provided to every worker to working place and
from working place to colony. Project buses are provided to employee & its family from colonies
to station& station to colonies.
(G) National / Festival Holidays-: 17 days are declared as holidays. The holidays are given to all
the employees while including 3 National holidays i.e. Independence Day, Republic day, Gandhi
Jayanti.
(J) Provident Fund-: All employees in this project receives the benefit of P.F.@ 12% of the pay
and equal employer contribution.