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International Journal of Advanced Research in Technology, Engineering and Science (A Bimonthly Open
Access Online Journal) Volume2, Issue2, March-April, 2015 ISSN: 2349-7173(Online)
Watts: The energy crisis is any great bottleneck in the supply of
energy resources to an economy. The studies to sort out
the energy crisis led to the idea of generating power using speed
breaker. Firstly, South African electrical crisis has
made them implemented this method to light up small villages
of the highway. The idea is basic physics, to convert
the kinetic energy into electrical energy that gone wasted when
the vehicle runs over speed-breaker. Since then,
a lot has been done in this field. An amateur innovator, Kanak
Gogoi
in
Guwahati
has
developed
a
similar
contraption to generate power, when a vehicle passes over
speed-breaker. The idea has caught the eye of
IIT-Guwahati, which funded the pilot project related to generate
electricity
from
speed-breakers.
They
has
evaluated the machine and recommended to the Assam
government. Their work has provided the need to think on
this alternative to generate electricity on the large scale, as it
proves to be a boon to the economy of the country [3].
Peter Hughes: The ramp was invented by Peter Hughes, in the
year 2002 an electrical and mechanical engineer who is
employed by Highway Energy Systems Ltd. The company says
that
under
normal
traffic
conditions,
the
apparatus will produce 30 kW of electricity.[4] Other proposed
applications for the road ramps heating roads in the
winter to prevent ice forming and ventilating tunnels to reduce
pollution. "The full potential of this is absolutely
enormous." Hughes claims that 10 ramps could generate the
same power as one wind turbine [5].
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1 Dynamo
Dynamo is an electrical generator. This dynamo produces direct
current with the use of a commentator. Dynamo was the first
generator capable of the power industries. The dynamo uses
rotating coils of wire and magnetic fields to convert mechanical
rotation into a pulsing direct electric current. A dynamo machine
consists of a stationary structure, called the stator, which
provides a constant magnetic field, and a set of rotating
windings called the armature which turn within that field. On
small machines the constant magnetic field may be provided by
one or more permanent magnets; larger machines have the
constant magnetic field provided by one or more
electromagnets, which are usually called field coils.
Fig.1 Dynamo
3.2 Spur gear
A gear is a rotating machine part having cut teeth, or cogs,
which mesh with another toothed part in order to transmit
torque. Two or more gears working in tandem are called a
transmission and can produce a mechanical advantage through a
gear ratio and thus may be considered a simple machine. Geared
devices can change the speed, torque, and direction of a power
source. The most common situation is for a gear to mesh with
another gear; however a gear can also mesh a non-rotating
toothed part, called a rack, thereby producing translation instead
of rotation.
The gears in a transmission are analogous to the wheels in a
pulley. An advantage of gears is that the teeth of a gear prevent
slipping. When two gears of unequal number of teeth are
combined a mechanical advantage is produced, with both the
rotational speeds and the torques of the two gears differing in a
simple relationship.
In transmissions which offer multiple gear ratios, such as
bicycles and cars, the term gear, as in first gear, refers to a gear
ratio rather than an actual physical gear. The term is used to
describe similar devices even when gear ratio is continuous
rather than discrete, or when the device does not actually
contain any gears, as in a continuously variable transmission.
The earliest known reference to gears was circa A.D. 50 by
Hero of Alexandria, but they can be traced back to the Greek
mechanics of the Alexandrian school in the 3rd century B.C. and
were greatly developed by the Greek polymath Archimedes
(287212 B.C.). The Antikythera mechanism is an example of a
very early and intricate geared device, designed to calculate
astronomical positions. Its time of construction is now estimated
between 150 and 100 BC.
The definite velocity ratio which results from having teeth gives
gears an advantage over other drives (such as traction drives and
V-belts) in precision machines such as watches that depend
upon an exact velocity ratio. In cases where driver and follower
are in close proximity gears also have an advantage over other
drives in the reduced number of parts required; the downside is
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Technology, Engineering and Science (A Bimonthly Open
Access Online Journal) Volume2, Issue2, March-April, 2015 ISSN: 2349-7173(Online)
that gears are more expensive to manufacture and their
lubrication requirements may impose a higher operating cost.
The automobile transmission allows selection between gears to
give various mechanical advantages.
An external gear is one with the teeth formed on the outer
surface of a cylinder or cone. Conversely, an internal gear is one
with the teeth formed on the inner surface of a cylinder or cone.
For bevel gears, an internal gear is one with the pitch angle
exceeding 90 degrees. Internal gears do not cause direction
reversal.
Spur gears or straight-cut gears are the simplest type of gear.
They consist of a cylinder or disk with the teeth projecting
radically, and although they are not straight-sided in form, the
edge of each tooth is straight and aligned parallel to the axis of
rotation. These gears can be meshed together correctly only if
they are fitted to parallel shafts.
3.4 Spring
Spring is a device made of an elastic material that undergoes a
significant change in shape, or deformation, under an applied
load. Springs are used in spring balances for weighing and for
the storage of mechanical energy, as in watch and clock springs
or door-closing springs. Springs are also used to absorb impact,
as in coil or leaf springs used for automobile suspensions, and to
reduce vibration by the use of rubber blocks. The specific form
of a spring depends on its use. A weighing spring, for example,
is normally wound as a helix, and its elongation is proportional
to the applied force, so that the spring can be calibrated to
measure this force. Watch springs are wound as spiral coils, and
sets of flat bars or leaves, superimposed on one another to form
laminations, are used as leaf springs in automobile suspensions.
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Technology, Engineering and Science (A Bimonthly Open
Access Online Journal) Volume2, Issue2, March-April,
March
2015 ISSN: 2349--7173(Online)
voltage across the load depends on the ratio of the battery's
internal resistance to the resistance of the load.
3.6 Control unit
In this project control unit deals the important thing the control
unit converts the alternator current (AC) into direct current
(DC).
DC). The converted DC power is stored to the battery by the
help of the control unit.
Fig.4 Spring
3.5 Experimental setup diagram
Voltage
Current
Power
(Volts)
4.2
(Amps)
0.18
(Watts)
0.66
210
2.5
0.02
0.02
210
0.8
0.05
0.035
210
6.5
0.61
3.75
210
7.3
0.52
3.64
210
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Vehicle
weight
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Technology, Engineering and Science (A Bimonthly Open
Access Online Journal) Volume2, Issue2, March-April,
March
2015 ISSN: 2349--7173(Online)
4.4
0.36
1.30
210
1.5
0.12
0.15
210
3.5
0.39
1.19
210
Mean
Power
1.343125
load Vs Voltage
Voltage(Volts)
10
8
6
4
2
0
140 210 275 305 445 605
8
6
load
voltage
current
0
1 2 3
4 5 6
7
Load(kg)
power
load
8
Current(Amps)
Load Vs current
0.8
0.6
0.4
Load
(Kgs)
140
Voltage(Volts)
current(Amps)
2.5
0.2
210
3.4
0.23
275
4.1
0.32
Load(kgs)
305
0.42
445
7.4
0.64
605
8.9
0.75
0.2
0
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Technology, Engineering and Science (A Bimonthly Open
Access Online Journal) Volume2, Issue2, March-April, 2015 ISSN: 2349-7173(Online)
(For One pushing force)
Power developed for 1 vehicle passing over the speed
Breaker arrangement for one minute= 1.63 watts
Power developed for 60 minutes (1 hr) =98.1 watts
Power developed for 24 hours=2.35 KW
This power is sufficient to burn four street lights in the roads in
the night time.
6. CONCLUSION
Electricity plays a very important role in our life. Due to
population explosion, the current power generation has
become insufficient to fulfill our requirements. In this project
we discover technology to generate electricity from speed
breakers in which the system used is reliable and this technique
will help conserve our natural resources. In coming days, this
will prove a great boon to the world, since it will save a lot of
electricity of power plants that gets wasted in illuminating the
street lights. As the conventional sources are depleting very fast,
its high time to think of alternative resources. We got to save
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