Strength of Materials-II 2-2 Set-2 (A)

S.
19
Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-2) JNTU-Anantapur

Code No : 9A01401/R09
B.Tech II Year II Semester Regular and Supplementary Examinations
Set-2
Solutions
April/May - 2013
STRENGTH MATERIALS-II
( Civil Engineering )
Time: 3 Hours
Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry Equal Marks
---
1.
A thin spherical shell, 1200 mm in diameter, is subjected to an internal pressure of 1.8 N/mm2. Find the thickness of
plate required if the permissible tensile stress is 120 N/mm2. The joint efficiency may be taken as 75%.
(Unit-I, Topic No. 1.2)

2.
A thick walled cylindrical pressure vessel has inner radius of 150 mm and outer radius of 185 mm. Draw a sketch
showing the radial pressure and hoop stress distribution in the section of the cylinder wall, when an internal
pressure of 10 MN/m2 is applied. (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.1)
3.
A solid shaft of 250 mm diameter has the same cross-sectional area as the hollow shaft of the same material with
inside diameter of 200 mm.
4.
(a)
Find the ratio of power transmitted by the two shafts for the same angular velocity, and
(b)
Compare the angles of twist in equal lengths of these shafts, when stressed to the same intensity.
(Unit-III, Topic No. 3.3)
A laminated steel spring simply supported at ends with span of 0.75 m is centrally loaded with a load of 10 kN. The
central deflection under the above load is not to exceed 50 mm and the maximum stress is to be 400 MPa, determine,
(i)
Width of plate
(ii)
Thickness of plate
(iii)
Number of plates
(iv) The radius to which plates should be bent so that the spring become straight under the given 7.5 kN load.
Assume width = 12 thickness and E = 200 GPa. (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.2)
5.
Derive a formula for the maximum compressive stress induced in an initially straight, slender, uniform strut when
loaded along an axis having an eccentricity e at both ends which are pin-jointed. (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.3)
6.
A 10 m high brick masonry wall of rectangular section 4 m 1.5 m is subjected to horizontal wind pressure of 15 N/
mm2 on the 4 m side. Find the maximum and minimum stress intensities induced in the base. Weight density of
masonry = 22 kN/mm2. (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.2)
7.
A 45 mm 45 mm 5 mm angle is used as a simply supported beam over a span of 2.4 meters. It carries a load of 300
N along the vertical axis passing through the centroid of the section. Determine the resulting bending stresses on the
outer corners of the section, along the middle section of the beam. (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.3)
8.
A horizontal circular bow girder of radius 5 m is continuous over five equally spaced supports. It carries a vertical
u.d.l of 50 kN/m. Obtain the B.M torsional moment and S.F diagrams for one span indicating the critical values.
(Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.1)
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.20
Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014
SOLUTIONS TO APRIL/MAY-2013, SET-2, QP

Q1.
A thin spherical shell, 1200 mm in diameter,

is subjected to an internal pressure of 1.8 N/
mm2. Find the thickness of plate required if
the permissible tensile stress is 120 N/mm2.
The joint efficiency may be taken as 75%.
April/May-13, Set-2, Q1
Answer :
Given,
Diameter of shell, d = 1200 mm
Internal pressure, P = 1.8 N/mm2
Permissible tensile stress, = 120 N/mm2
Efficiency, = 75%
Let, t-thickness of plate.
Stress induced is given by,
=
Q2.
t=
At x = r1 = 150 mm, Px = 10 N/mm2
(ii)
At x = r2 = 185 mm, Px = 0
Substitute these values in equation (1).
10 =
(150) 2
b
(185) 2
... (2)
b
a =0
34225
... (3)
Subtract equations (2) and (3).

10 0 =
1.8 1200
4 0.75 120
t = 6 mm
Thickness of plate, t = 6 mm.

A thick walled cylindrical pressure vessel has
inner radius of 150 mm and outer radius of
185 mm. Draw a sketch showing the radial
pressure and hoop stress distribution in the
section of the cylinder wall, when an internal
pressure of 10 MN/m2 is applied.
Answer :
b
a = 10
22500
0=
1.8 1200
120 =
4 t 0.75
Pd
4 t
(i)
Given,
b
b
a
+a
22500
34225
10 =
b
b
22500 34225
10 =
273.8b 180b
6160500
10 =
93.8b
6160500
93.8 b = 6160500 10
b = 656769.72 mm
Substitute b in equation (3).
Inner radius, r1 = 150 mm

b
a=0
34225
Outer radius, r2 = 185 mm

Internal pressure, P = 10 MN/m2
= 10 N/mm2
Radial pressure is given by,
Px =
656769.72
a=0
34225
19.18 a = 0
... (1)
Now, apply the boundary conditions to the equation (1).
x2
a = 19.18
a = 19.18 mm
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.21

The values of a and b are substituted in hoop stress.
Now, hoop stress at any radius x is given by,
x =
b
x2
+a
656769.72
x2
At x = 150 mm, 150 =
+ 19.18
656769.72
(150) 2
+ 19.18
= 29.18 + 19.18
= 48.36 N/mm2
At x = 185 mm, 185 =
656769.72
(185) 2
+ 19.18
= 19.18 + 19.18
= 38.36 N/mm2.
The radial pressure distribution and hoop stress distribution across the section is as shown in the figure below. AB
is taken as horizontal line. AC = 10 N/mm2. The variation between B and C is parabolic. The curve BC shows the variation of
radial pressure across AB.
m
5m
18
m
0m
15
Radial
Pressure (P x)
10 N/mm2
A
B
38.36 N/mm2
D
48.36 N/mm2
r es s
p St
o
o
H
( x)
Figure
The curve DE which is also parabolic shows the variation of hoop stress across AB. The values BD = 38.36 N/mm2
and AE = 48.36 N/mm2.
The radial pressure is compressive whereas the hoop stress is tensile.
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.22
Q3.

A solid shaft of 250 mm diameter has the
We also know that torque transmitted by solid shaft,
same cross-sectional area as the hollow shaft
of the same material with inside diameter of

T1 =
d3
16
200 mm.
(a)
(b)
Find the ratio of power transmitted by

the two shafts for the same angular
velocity, and
T1 = 3067961.57 N-mm
Compare the angles of twist in equal

lengths of these shafts, when stressed
to the same intensity.
T2 =
Given,
Diameter, d = 250 mm
=
Inside diameter, di = 200 mm

(a)
Ratio of Power Transmitted by Two Shafts
A1 = d 2
4
(b)
2
( D d i2 )
4
Angle of twist for a shaft,

C
=
l
R
... (2)
Q The cross-sectional areas of both the shafts are same,

equate (1) and (2).
(D2 40000) = 49087.38

4
49087.38 4
D2 40000 =
D2 40000 = 62499.99
D2 = 62499.99 + 40000
D2 = 102499.99
D = 320 mm
T2
Power transmitted by hollow shaft
=
T1
Power transmitted by solid shaft
Ratio of Angle of Twist in Both Shafts
2
(D 2002)
4
A2 = (D2 40000)
4
... (4)
T2
= 0.56
T1
... (1)
Cross-sectional area of hollow shaft,

A2 =
(320) 4 (200) 4
16
320
T2
3067961.57
=
T1
5452234.05
2502
4
A1 = 49087.38 mm2
D 4 d i4
16
D
T2 = 5452234.05 N-mm
Cross-sectional area of solid shaft,
A1 =
... (3)
Hollow shaft,
Answer :
(250)3
16
l
RC
Angle of twist for solid shaft,

1 =
l
RC
1 =
l
125 C
R=
d
250
=
= 125
2
2
Angle of twist for hollow shaft,

2 =
l
RC
2 =
l
160 C
R=
D 320
=
= 160
2
2
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.23

l
Angle of twist for hollow shaft
160 C
=
l
Angle of twist for solid shaft
125 C
t=
t = 5.62 ~ 6 mm
1
l
125 C
=
2 160 C
l
(ii)
(ii)
Thickness of plate
b = 12 6
b = 72 mm
A laminated steel spring simply supported

at ends with span of 0.75 m is centrally
loaded with a load of 10 kN. The central
deflection under the above load is not to
exceed 50 mm and the maximum stress is to
be 400 MPa, determine,
Width of plate
Width of Plate
b = 12 t
1
= 0.78
2
(i)
Thickness of plate, t = 6 mm
Width = 12 Thickness
1
125
=
2 160
Q4.
(iii)
Width of plate, b = 72 mm
Number of Plates
We know that bending stress,
b =
(iv) The radius to which plates should be

bent so that the spring become straight
under the given 7.5 kN load. Assume
width = 12 thickness and E = 200 GPa.
(iv)
Given,
3 10 103 750
2 n 72 6 2
n=
3 10 103 750
2 400 72 6 2
n = 10.85 ~ 11
Number of plates, n = 11
Radius of Spring Under the Load of 7.5 kN

We know that,
Span, l = 0.75 m = 750 mm

Load, P = 10 kN = 10 103 N
Extension, = 50 mm
Maximum stress, b = 400 MPa = 400 N/mm2
Width = 12 Thickness
b = 12 t
= 200 103 N/mm2

We know that central deflection,
50 =
R=
bl 2
4Et
400 7502
4 200 103 t
3 7.5 103 750

2 11 72 6 2
Radius of spring,
Thickness of Plate
3Wl
2nbt 2
= 295.92 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity, E = 200 GPa

(i)
2nbt 2
400 =
3Wl
(iii) Number of plates
Answer :
400 7502
4 200 103 50
Et
2
200 103 6
2 295.92
R = 2027.57 mm
Radius of spring, R = 2027.57 mm
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.24
Q5.

Derive a formula for the maximum
The solution of the differential equation is,
compressive stress induced in an initially
straight, slender, uniform strut when loaded
W
W
+ C sin x
y = C1 cos x
along an axis having an eccentricity e at both
2
EI ... (1)
EI
ends which are pin-jointed.

Answer :
Formula for the Maximum Compressive Stress When Both

the Ends are Pin-jointed
Where, C1 and C2 are constants of integration.

(i)
At A, x = 0 and y = 0
Substitute these values in equation (1),
The column when the load is applied just bends or

buckles is called crippling load.
0 = C1 cos 0
EI + C2 sin
Consider a column AB of length l and area of crosssection a which is pinned at both the ends.
Let W be the crippling load at which the column will
just buckle.
Consider the section at a distance x from the end A
Let y - deflection at the section.
The moment at the section due to crippling load = W y
But, Moment = EI
(ii)
C1 cos 0 + C2 sin 0 = 0
C1(1) + C2(0) = 0
C1 = 0
W
0
EI
... (2)
At B, x = l, y = 0
Substitute these in equation (1),
d2y
dx 2
0 = C2 cos l
EI + C2 sin
W
l
EI
0 = 0 cos l
EI + C2 sin
0 + C2 sin l
EI = 0
C2 sin l
EI = 0
l
y
x
A
W
l
EI
(Q C1 = 0)
... (3)
From equation (3),

W
C2 = 0
Figure
Equating both the moments,
EI
EI
d2y
=Wy
dx 2
d2y
+Wy=0
dx 2
d2y W
+
y=0
dx 2 EI
sin l
EI = 0
As C1 = 0 and C2 = 0 then y = 0 in equation (1).

i.e., the bending moment of the column will be zero or
the column will not bend at all. This is not true.
W
=0
sin l
EI
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.25
sin l
EI = sin 0 or sin or sin2 or ----.
W
l
EI = 0 (or) (or) 2 (or) 3 (or) ----.
10 m
Taking the least practical value,
i.e.,
W
=
EI
d
PW
Now, squaring on both sides.

H
2
l2
4m
W
l
2
EI =
W
= 2
EI
W=
2 EI
l2
Figure
Area of the wall = L B
A = 4 1.5
= 6 m2
Weight of the wall = A H W
W = 6 10 22
= 1320 kN
EI
l2
2
Q6.
Maximum compressive stress, W =
A 10 m high brick masonry wall of

rectangular section 4 m 1.5 m is subjected
to horizontal wind pressure of 15 N/mm2 on
the 4 m side. Find the maximum and
minimum stress intensities induced in the
base. Weight density of masonry = 22 kN/
mm2.
Direct stress, d =
=
Answer :
b
1.5 m
Note: In the given question Horizontal wind pressure should

be 150 kN/m2 and Weight density of masonry should be
22 kN/m3.
W
A
1320
6
d = 220 kN/m2
Moment of inertia, I =
Given,
=
Height of wall, H = 10 m
1.5 103
12
1500
12
I = 125 m4
Length of wall, L = 4 m
Breadth of wall, B = 1.5 m

Horizontal wind pressure, P = 150 kN/m2
3
Weight density of masonry, W = 22 kN/m
BH 3
12
y=
B 1 .5
=
= 0.75 mm
2
2
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.26

Section modulus, Z =
I
y
125
0.75
Z = 166.67 m3
Horizontal wind pressure, PW = k.P.AP
Where, k = Coefficient of wind resistance
= 1 (usually taken)
P - Horizontal intensity of wind pressure
AP - Projected area
=BH
AP = B H
= 1.5 10
= 15 m2
PW = k.P.AP
= 1 150 15
= 2250 kN
Bending moment at the base,

M = PW
H
2
= 2250
10
2
M = 11250 kNm
Bending stress, b =
=
M
Z
11250
166 .67
b = 67.49 kN/m2
Maximum stress intensity,
max = d + b
= 220 + 67.49
max = 287.49 kN/m2
Minimum stress intensity,
min = d b
= 220 67.49
min = 152.51 kN/m2
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.27

Q7.
A 45 mm 45 mm 5 mm angle is used as a simply supported beam over a span of 2.4 meters. It

carries a load of 300 N along the vertical axis passing through the centroid of the section. Determine
the resulting bending stresses on the outer corners of the section, along the middle section of the
beam.
Answer :
Given,
Width of beam, b = 45 mm
Depth of beam, d = 45 mm
Thickness of beam, t = 5 mm
Load, p = 300 N
Span, l = 2.4 m = 2.4 103 mm
Y1
Y
5mm
U
A
V
45
X
X
45 mm
2
1
V
B
U
45 mm
5 mm
C
X1
Figure
Let x , y be the co-ordinates of centroid G, with respect to rectangular axes BX1 and BY1.
Now, x = y =
45 5 22.5 + 40 5 2.5
45 5 + 40 5
x = y = 13.08 mm
Moment of inertia about XX axis,
2
2
b d 3
y b d 3
x

1 1
b1 d1 x 1 + 2 2 + b2 d 2 1 x
IXX =
2 12
12
2

( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.28

2
2
45 53
5 5 403
50

+ 45 5 13.08 +
+ 5 40 13.08
IXX =
2 12
2

12
IXX = 80738.38 mm4

IXX = 8.07 104 mm4 = IYY
Co-ordinate of G1 = + (22.5 13.08), (13.08 2.5)
= (9.42, 10.58)
Co-ordinate of G2 = (13.08 2.5), + (25 13.08)
= ( 10.58, + 11.92)
Product of inertia,
IXY = 45 5 (9.42) ( 10.58) + 40 5 ( 10.58) (11.92)
= 22424.31 25222.72
IXY = 47647.03 mm4
= 4.76 104 mm4
As the portions 1 and 2 are rectangular strips, the product of inertia about centroidal axes is zero.
If is the inclination of the principal axes with GX, passing through G.
tan 2 =
2 I XY
I YY I XX
tan 2 =
(Q IXX = IYY)
tan 2 = tan 90
2 = 90
1 = 45
1 + 2 = 180
45 + 2 = 180
2 = 180 45
2 = 135
Principal Moment of Inertia

IUU =
1
1
(I + I ) +
(I I ) cos 90 IXY sin 90
2 XX YY
2 XX YY
1
1
(80738.38 + 80738.38) + (80738.38 80738.38) cos 90 ( 47647.03) sin 90
2
2
1
1
(161476.76) + 0 cos 90 + 47647.03 1
2
2
= 80738.38 + 47647.03
IUU = 128385.41 mm4
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.29

Also, IUU + IVV = IXX + IYY
IVV = IXX + IYY IUU
= 2 80738.38 128385.41
= 161476.76 128385.41
IVV = 33091.35 mm4
Stresses on the Outer Corners of the Section
Bending moment at mid-section,
Stress at point B,
18.49
0
+
B = 1.272 105
33091.35 128385.41
B = 71.07 N/mm2
Stress at point A,
31.81
13.32
+
A = 1.272 105
33091.35 128385.41
Wl
M=
4
300 2.4 10
4
A = 82.71 N/mm2
M = 1.8 105 N-mm

The components of bending moment are,
M1 = M sin = 1.8 105 sin 45
= 1.272 105 N-mm
M2 = M cos = 1.8 105 cos 45
= 1.272 105 N-mm
Co-ordinates of u, v
Point A: x = 13.08, y = 45 13.08 = 31.92 mm
u = x cos + y sin
= 13.08 cos 45 + 31.92 sin 45
u = 13.32 mm
v = y cos x sin
= 31.92 cos45 ( 13.08 sin45)
v = 31.81 mm
Point B: x = 13.08, y = 13.08
u = 13.08 cos 45 + ( 13.08 sin 45)
= 18.49 mm
v = 13.08 cos45 ( 13.08 sin45)
=0
Point C: x = 45 13.08 = 31.92, y = 13.08
u = 31.92 cos 45 13.08 sin 45
= 13.32 mm
v = 13.08 cos45
= 9.24 mm
Stress at point C,
M 1u M 2 v
+
C =
I VV
IUU
Q8.
A horizontal circular bow girder of radius 5

m is continuous over five equally spaced
supports. It carries a vertical u.d.l of 50 kN/
m. Obtain the B.M torsional moment and S.F
diagrams for one span indicating the critical
values.
Answer :
Given,
Radius of circular girder, R = 5 m

Uniformly distributed load, W = 50 kN/m
Number of supports, n = 5
As it is a circular bow girder, it covers an angle of 360
2 =
360
= 72
5
= 36
= 0.6283 rad
From the standard table of coefficient for bending

moment and twisting moment in circular beams,
C1 = 0.108, C2 = 0.054, C3 = 0.014
m = 15
1
= 15.25 = 0.267 rad
4
WR2.2 = 50 (5)2 (2 0.6283)

= 1570.75
Mo = C1 WR2 (2)
= 0.108 50 52 2 0.6283
Mo = 169.641 kN-m
9.24
13.32
+
C = 1.272 105
33091.35 128385.41
MC = C2 WR2 (2)
C = 60.355 N/mm
MC = 84.82 kN-m
= 0.054 1570.75
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.30
M mt = C3 WR2 (2)
= 0.014 1570.75
M mt = 21.99 kN-m
Fo = W.R.
= 50 5 0.6283
Fo = 157.075 kN
(i)
Shear Force Diagram

The distribution of shear force is given by,
F = WR ( )
= 50 5 (36 )
180
F = 4.36 (36 )
... (1)
The values of F at varying intervals are given below.
(ii)
F (kN)
Location
156.96
Ends
18
78.48
36
0.00
Middle
Bending Moment Diagram

The bending moment at any point is given by,
M = WR2 [ sin + cos 1]
= 50 52 [0.6283 sin + 0.6283 cos 1]
M = 1250 [0.6283 sin + 0.6283 cos 1]
... (2)
The values of M at various intervals are given below,
(iii)
464.625
End of beam
15.25
1607.214
Point of maximum torsion
18
1321.210
36
2129.417
Location
Centre of beam
Twisting Moment Diagram
M t = WR2 [ cos cot . sin ( )]

= 50 52 [0.6283 cos 0.6283 cot36.sin (36 ) /180]
M t = 1250 [0.6283 cos 0.864 sin 0.01745 (36 )]
... (3)
( JNTU-Anantapur )
S.31

The values of M t at various intervals are given below,
M t
0.125
15.25
276.70
18
320.93
Point of maximum torsion
36
571.9
Middle of beam
18
Location
End of beam
36
54
72
156.96 kN
Shear Force
56.96 kN
Bending Moment
464.625
464.625
2129.417
202
202
Twisting Moment
Figure
( JNTU-Anantapur )

Strength of Materials-II 2-2 Set-2 (A)

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S.

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-2) JNTU-Anantapur

(Unit-I, Topic No. 1.2)

(Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.1)

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014

SOLUTIONS TO APRIL/MAY-2013, SET-2, QP

A thin spherical shell, 1200 mm in diameter,

At x = r1 = 150 mm, Px = 10 N/mm2

Subtract equations (2) and (3).

Thickness of plate, t = 6 mm.

Substitute b in equation (3).

Inner radius, r1 = 150 mm

Outer radius, r2 = 185 mm

Now, apply the boundary conditions to the equation (1).

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-2) JNTU-Anantapur

At x = 150 mm, 150 =

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014

of the same material with inside diameter of

Find the ratio of power transmitted by

Compare the angles of twist in equal

Inside diameter, di = 200 mm

Ratio of Power Transmitted by Two Shafts

Angle of twist for a shaft,

Q The cross-sectional areas of both the shafts are same,

(D2 40000) = 49087.38

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

Ratio of Angle of Twist in Both Shafts

Cross-sectional area of hollow shaft,

Cross-sectional area of solid shaft,

Angle of twist for solid shaft,

Angle of twist for hollow shaft,

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-2) JNTU-Anantapur

A laminated steel spring simply supported

(iv) The radius to which plates should be

Radius of Spring Under the Load of 7.5 kN

Span, l = 0.75 m = 750 mm

= 200 103 N/mm2

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

3 7.5 103 750

Modulus of elasticity, E = 200 GPa

(iii) Number of plates

Radius of spring, R = 2027.57 mm

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2014

ends which are pin-jointed.

Formula for the Maximum Compressive Stress When Both

Where, C1 and C2 are constants of integration.

The column when the load is applied just bends or

From equation (3),

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.

As C1 = 0 and C2 = 0 then y = 0 in equation (1).

Strength of Materials-II (April/May-2013, Set-2) JNTU-Anantapur

EI = 0 (or) (or) 2 (or) 3 (or) ----.

Taking the least practical value,

Now, squaring on both sides.

Maximum compressive stress, W =

A 10 m high brick masonry wall of

Note: In the given question Horizontal wind pressure should

Breadth of wall, B = 1.5 m

Weight density of masonry, W = 22 kN/m

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem.