WINGS FLYING SCHOOL

RULES AND REGULATIONS

Name: _________________________ Pers ID:

(d) No person, other than holder of FI License, may:

(1) Give flight instruction for solo flight, solo cross country, or
FI Licensing or rating.
(2) Endorse pilot logbook.
(3) Endorse student pilot license/logbook for solo operating
privileges.

1. CASR 61

LICENSING OF FOREIGN PILOT AND FLIGHT

INSTRUCTOR (FI) OUTSIDE REP. OF
INDONESIA
A non-Indonesian citizen shall be issued license
under this part only when Director General
finds that pilot license is needed for operating
Indonesian registered aircraft or FI license
needed for training Indonesians citizens.

RULES AND
REGULATIONS

REQUIREMENTS FOR LICENSES, RATINGS

AND AUTHORIZATIONS
(a) No person may act as PIC or as required pilot
flight crewmember of Indonesian registered
civil aircraft unless he has pilot license issued under this part.
However, he may use pilot license issued by foreign country
the aircraft is operated within.
(b) No person may, within Republic of Indonesia, act as PIC or as
required pilot flight crewmember of foreign registered civil
aircraft unless he has pilot license issued under this part or
pilot license issued or validated by foreign country the aircraft
is registered.

(e) No person may act as PIC or a co-pilot of a civil aircraft under

IFR, or in weather less than minimums for VFR, unless:
(1) For airplane, he holds instrument rating or ATPL with
airplane rating.
(2) For helicopter, he holds helicopter instrument rating or
ATPL with helicopter category and helicopter class rating.
(f) Upon request of Director General or his authorized
representative, each person who holds licenses or certificate
shall present it for inspection.

(c) No person may act as PIC or as required pilot flight

LICENSES AND RATINGS ISSUED
crewmember under pilot license issued under this part except
Two types of licenses are issued:
he has appropriate medical certificate issued under part 67 (if

Pilot License
his pilot license is foreign, he may use foreign medical
certificate).
1. Student Pilot
4. Commercial Pilot
2. Sport Pilot
5. Airline Transport Pilot

3. Private Pilot
Flight Instructor License

- A pilot or FI license isnt effective after surrender, suspension or

revocation.
- Upon Director Generals request, any license suspended or
revoked shall be returned to the Director General.

There are six aircraft ratings:

- Aircraft Category Rating
DURATION OF MEDICAL CERTIFICATES
1. Aeroplane
3. Glider
First-class medical certificate expires at the end of the last day
2. Rotorcraft
4. Lighter-than-air
of:
- Aeroplane Class Rating
For ATPL/CPL: 6th calendar month after exam date on
1. Single Engine Land
3. Single Engine Sea
certificate
For PPL/Sport/SPL: 12th calendar month after exam date on
2. Multiengine Land
4. Multiengine Sea
certificate
- Rotorcraft Class Rating
- Second-class medical certificate expires at the end of the last
1. Helicopter
2. Gyroplane
day of:
- Lighter-than-air Class Rating
For PPL/Sport/SPL: 12th calendar month after exam date on
1. Airship
2. Free balloon
certificate
- Aircraft Type Rating
REPLACEMENT OF LOST OR DESTROYED LICENSE
1. Large aircraft
3. Helicopters requiring ATPL
- Make application for replacement to DGAC with the following
2. Small turbojet aircraft
4.
Other aircraft specified by
requirements:
Director General
1. Name of person the license was issued, permanent
- Instrument Rating
mailing address, date and place of birth of holder,
1. Instrument Aeroplanes 2. Instrument Helicopter
and any other information of license.
2. Accompanied by check giro or post wesel for
TEMPORARY LICENSE
replacement cost to DGAC.
A temporary pilot or FI license, or rating, effective for 30 days,
3. Police report from local police office.
may be issued when applicant pending review of his - Make an application for replacement of medical certificate to
qualification and issuance of permanent license or rating issued
DGAC, Aviation Medical Center, accompanied by check
by Director General.
giro or post wesel for cost.
DURATION OF PILOT AND FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR LICENSES
- A fax may be received and can be carried as temporary
- Any pilot license (other than SPL) has no expiration date.
license for 60 days.
- Expirable pilot license holder with may not use the license after
it expires.
CHANGE OF NAME
- Student Pilot License (SPL) expires at the end of the 24th
Documents required:
calendar month after the month in which the license is issued.
1. Current pilot license
- FI license is effective only when holder has current pilot license
2. Copy of marriage license, court order, or any other
and medical certificate. It expires at the end of the 24th
documents verifying it
calendar month after the month in which the license is issued.
3. Check giro or post wesel for cost of replacement.

TESTS
WRITTEN TESTS
PREREQUISITES (WHAT YOU NEED)
- Show he has satisfactorily completed ground instruction for
license sought
- Present personal identification
- Birth certificate for proof of age requirement

2. Total time of flight

of aircraft
Type of training
1. Pilot in Command
instruction
2. Second in Command
3. Flight instruction
Flight conditions
1. Day or night
conditions
2. Actual instrument

4. Type and identification

4. Instrument flight
5. Pilot ground training
6. Other pilot time

CHEATING AND UNAUTHORIZED CONDUCT

3. Simulated instrument
You should not:
- Copy or remove written test
- Take test for another
person
- Give or receive to another, part of test
- Use any aid
LOGGING OF FLIGHT TIME
during the test
Pilot in Command
- Give or receive help to another test taker - Assist in above - For PPL and CPL: Flight time is when he (i) is the sole
acts
manipulator
of
aircraft
controls, (ii) sole occupant or (iii) is the PIC
of
aircraft
If hes found guilty by Director General, the applicant is not
requiring more than one pilot.
eligible for pilot or instructor license and cannot take the
test for 1 year after date of the act.
- For ATPL: All flight time when he is PIC and flight instructor
- For instructors: All flight time during flight instruction
FLIGHT TEST
PREREQUISITES (WHAT YOU NEED)
Second in command
- Pass written test since beginning of 24th calendar month
Flight times when hes second in command in aircraft of
before he take test
more than one pilot.
- Have applicable instruction and aeronautical experience
- Hold current appropriate medical certificate
Instrument flight time
Flight times when he operates aircraft solely by reference
- Meets the age requirement
to instruments under actual or simulated instrument
- Written statement from licensed instructor that applicant
conditions.
has been given flight instruction for flight test within past 60
days.
RECENT FLIGHT EXPERIENCE FOR PILOR IN COMMAND
General
PILOT LOGBOOKS
To fly as PIC, he has to make 3 takeoffs and 3 landings
The following information must be logged:
within the preceding 90 days as sole manipulator if
General
aircraft of same type.
1. Date
3. Point of departure and
arrival
Night flying

To fly at night as PIC, within preceding 90 days he has to

make 3 takeoffs and 3 landings carrying passengers in
the period one hour after sunset to one hour before
sunrise.

2. CASR 91
RESPONSIBILITY AND AUTHORITY OF PIC [91.3]
- Responsible for and has final authority on operation of an
aircraft
- PIC may deviate any rule under part 91 in an in-flight
emergency
- Each PIC shall send written report when deviate from the
rule upon request of the Director General.
CIVIL AIRCRAFT AIRWORTHINESS [91.7]
No person may operate civil aircraft unless its airworthy. PIC is
responsible to determine aircraft is in condition for safe flight.
PROHIBITION
AGAINST
INTERFERENCE
WITH
CREWMEMBER [91.11]
No one may assault, threaten, intimidate, or interfere with
crewmember in the performance of the crews duties aboard the
aircraft.
CARELESS OR RECKLESS OPERATION [91.13]
No person shall operate an aircraft for air navigations or
operations on any part of the airport in reckless manner to
endanger persons life or property
DROPPING OBJECTS [91.15]
No person shall create hazards to persons/property on surface
by dropping object from aircraft in flight except there is
insurance to avoid injury or damage to persons or property.

Also valid crew license with appropriate ratings should be

ALCOHOLS OR DRUGS [91.17]
carried by crew.
(a) No person may act as crewmember of a civil aircraft:
B FLIGHT RULES
- Within 8 hours after consuming alcohol
FLIGHT CREW AT STATIONS [91.105]
- While intoxicated
- During takeoff, enroute, and landing each required
- While using drug that affects persons faculties
crewmember shall
contrary to safety
(i) Be at station unless absence is needed to perform duties for
- While having 0.04% by weight or more alcohol in
aircraft operation, or due to physiological needs.
blood
(ii)
Keep safety belt fastened while at station.
(b) Except in emergency, no pilot may allow a person intoxicated
or who demonstrates by physical indications that the - During takeoff and landing, each required crewmember shall
keep shoulder harness fastened while at station, except if:
individual is on drugs to be carried on aircraft.
(i) The seat is not equipped with shoulder harness.
(ii)
The crew would be unable to perform duty with shoulder
harness.
PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES [91.21]
No person may operate any portable electronic devices on:
1: Aircraft operated by holder of Air Carrier Operator Certificate
or
Commercial
Operator Certificate, or
2: Any aircraft operated under IFR
OPERATION NEAR OTHER AIRCRAFT [91.111]
Except for:
No person may operate an aircraft:
1. Portable voice recorders
4. Electric shavers
- So close to another that creates collision hazard.
2. Hearing aids
5.
Any other devices - In formation flight, except by arrangement with PIC of each
considered will
aircraft.
3. Heart pacemakers
not
cause - In formation flight while carrying passengers.
interference
RIGHT OF WAY: AIRBORNE OPERATIONS [91.113]
When weather permits (clear), vigilance shall be maintained by
DOCUMENTS TO BE CARRIED [91.25]
each flight crew on aircraft to see and avoid other aircraft. If the
Original documents or verified true copies of the following must
rule in this section gives other aircraft right of way, you should
be carried:
not pass over, under or ahead
1. Certificate of Registration
5. Aircraft Radio Permit
If there is:
2. Certificate of Airworthiness
6.
Third Party Liability
- Distress aircraft: Distress aircraft has right of way over all other
Insurance
air traffic.
3. Noise Certificate
Certificate
4. Operation Specification
7. Journey Logbook

- Converging risk: If same aircraft category, aircraft to the

others right has right of way. However, towing/refueling
aircraft has right of way over all other engine driven
aircraft.

- Overtake: Each aircraft being overtaken has right of way. Pilot

overtaking shall alter course to right.

- Landing: Aircraft on final approach/when landing have right of

way over aircraft in flight or on ground. However they
shouldnt take advantage to force aircraft just landed off
runway surface.

1.
2.
3.

- Converging risk: If different aircraft category:

Balloon has right of way over any aircraft category
Glider has right of way over airship/airplane/rotorcraft
Airship has right of way over airplane/rotorcraft
However, towing/refueling aircraft has right of way over
all other engine driven aircraft.
- Coming head-on: Each aircraft alters course to the right to clear
traffic.

- Landing: When 2 or more aircraft approach an airport for

landing, aircraft at lower altitude has right of way. However

they shouldnt take advantage overtake another aircraft on

final approach to land.
RIGHT OF WAY: WATER OPERATIONS [91.115]
Each flight crew on aircraft on water shall keep clear all vessels
and avoid impeding their navigation. If there is:
- Crossing: If aircrafts, or an aircraft and a vessel, on crossing
course,
aircraft/vessel to the others right has right of way.
- Coming head-on: If aircrafts, or an aircraft and vessel, approach
head-on,
each
shall alter course to right.
- Overtaking: Aircraft/vessel being overtaken has right of way.
Overtaking
traffic
shall alter course to keep clear.
AIRSPEED [91.117]
- Below 10,000 feet MSL, unless authorized by ATC in Class
A/B airspace, IAS must be below 250 knots.
- At or below 2,500 feet AGL within 4nm of airport of Class C/D
airspace, unless authorized by ATC, IAS must be below 200
knots.
- At airspace underlying Class B area designated for airport or
VFR corridor through Class B airspace, IAS must be below 200
knots.
- If aircraft minimum safe airspeed > maximum speed prescribed,
aircraft may be operated at that minimum speed.
MINIMUM SAFE ALTITUDE (MSA) [91.119]
Except for takeoff or landing, the MSA:
MINIMUM
HORIZONTAL
POSITION
ALTITUDE
SPACING
1000 ft above
600 m radius
Over congested area
highest
from aircraft
obstacle
Other than congested
500 ft above
200 m away
area
highest
from
obstacle
person/structure

ALTIMETER SETTING [91.121]

POSITION
ALTITUD
E
Below
18000ft
Within 135oE to
MSL
east of Indonesia
At/Above
FIR
18000ft
MSL
Below
18000ft
Within 135oE to
MSL
west of Indonesia
At/Above
FIR
18000ft
MSL

ALTIMETER SETTING
Current altimeter setting of
station along route within
100nm of aircraft
29.92 in Hg or 1013.2 mb
Current altimeter setting of
station along route within
100nm of aircraft
29.92 in Hg or 1013.2 mb

COMPLIANCE WITH/FOLLOWING ATC CLEARANCE AND

INSTRUCTIONS [91.123]
IF
WHAT YOU SHOULD DO
ATC Clearance
Do not deviate from clearance except
has been
ATC gives amended clearance.
obtained
Position is in Class
Do not cancel IFR
A
Pilot may deviate (disregard) from ATC
clearance and notify ATC of the
deviation ASAP.
In emergency
If ATC requests a report of deviation,
submit it within 48 hours.
Instruction is
Do not use that clearance; only use the
issued for another
clearances given for you.

airplane
ATC GUN LIGHT SIGNAL [91.125]
Meaning for
Color
Aircraft on ground
Aircraft in flight
Steady
Cleared for takeoff
Cleared to land
green
Return for landing (to be
Flashing
Clear to taxi
followed
by
steady
green
green)
Give way to another
Steady red Stop
aircraft and continue
circling
Flashing
Airport unsafe do not
Clear runway in use
red
land
Return
to
starting
Flashing
Land at this airport,
point
(e.g.
parking
white
proceed to apron
stand)

AIRSPACE OPERATIONS
1. Class G [91.126]
TURNINGS
- If you want to land at airport without control power, only
make left turns unless airport display signals to turn
right.
FLAP SETTING
- PIC of civil turbojet aircraft must use minimum certified
landing flap according to Airplane Flight Manual for
landing, except other setting is needed for safe
operation of aircraft.
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
- In aerodrome with operational control tower, two-way
radio communication must be established ASAP and
maintained before maneuvering to, from, through or
on an airport.
COMMUNICATION FAILURE

In aerodrome with operational control tower, if radio fails,

operate aircraft and land by maintaining visual
contact with tower and obtaining landing clearance.

2. Class E [91.127]
DEPARTURE
- Each aircraft comply any special departure traffic
pattern of airport.
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
- In aerodrome with operational control tower, two-way
radio communication must be established ASAP and
maintained before maneuvering to, from, through or
on an airport.
COMMUNICATION FAILURE
- In aerodrome with operational control tower, if radio fails,
operate aircraft and land by maintaining visual
contact with tower and obtaining landing clearance.
3. Class D [91.129]
DEFINITION OF PRIMARY AND SATELLITE AIRPORT
- Primary airport is airport where Class D area is
designated. Satellite airport is any other airport within the
Class D airspace.
DEVIATION
- Aircraft may deviate from any provision under ATC
authorization.

RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
Aircraft on arrival or in through flight, pilot must establish
and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC
of that airspace before entering and while within that
airspace.
- Aircraft departing from primary airport, pilot must
establish and maintain two-way radio communication
with ATC within airspace.
- Aircraft departing from satellite airport, pilots establish
and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC
of Class D airspace ASAP.
-

COMMUNICATION FAILURE
If VFR flight encounters comm. failure, PIC may operate
aircraft and land if (i) weather at/above VFR minimums,
(ii) maintain visual contact with tower and (iii) landing
clearace is received.
MINIMUM ALTITUDE
Large/turbine-powered airplane enter traffic pattern at,
and maintain at, 1500 feet above airport elevation
until descent is required.
If ILS approach is made, maintain altitude above
glideslope between outer and middle marker.
If airplane approach with Visual Approach Slope Indicator
(VASI), maintain altitude above glideslope until lower
altitude is necessary.
APPROACH
In airplane, each pilot must circle airport to the left.
DEPARTURE
Each pilot complies with SID of that airport.
Pilot of turbine-powered/large airplane climb to 1500 feet
AGL ASAP.
TAKEOFF, TAXI, LANDING CLEARANCE
You must obtain ATC clearance to takeoff, land or taxi.
Taxi to assigned takeoff runway is NOT a clearance to
cross takeoff runway or taxi on that runway, but is a
clearance to cross other runways intersecting taxi
route to that runway.
Taxi to __ other than other assigned takeoff runway is
clearance to cross runways intersecting taxi route to
that point.

5.
-

4. Class C [91.130]
DEFINITION OF PRIMARY AND SATELLITE AIRPORT
-

Primary airport is airport where Class C area is

designated. Satellite airport is any other airport within the
Class C airspace.
TRAFFIC PATTERN
You CANNOT take off and land at satellite airport
within Class C except according to arrival and
departure patterns.
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
Aircraft on arrival or in through flight, pilot must establish
and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC
of that airspace before entering and while within that
airspace.
Aircraft departing from primary/satellite airport, pilot must
establish and maintain two-way communication with
ATC in Class C.
Aircraft departing from satellite airport, pilots establish
and maintain two-way radio communication with ATC
of Class C airspace ASAP.
EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED (NEEDED)
Aircraft has to have transponder with Mode C capability
that reports pressure altitude information in 100-foot
increments (intervals).
DEVIATION
- Aircraft may deviate from any provision under ATC
authorization.
Class B [91.131]
In Class B, a person must comply with class D rules, plus:
1. He receives ATC clearance from ATC having
responsibility of that area before operating an aircraft
there.
2. Operator of large turbine engine-powered airplane to or
from primary airport of Class B must fly at/above floors
of Class B area within lateral limits of that area.
3. Pilot training operations must comply with given ATC
procedures.
PILOT REQUIREMENTS
If a person wants to fly in Class B, he has to hold at least
PPL. If hes a student pilot or recreational pilot looking for

PPL, he has to have (i) received ground and flight

instruction from authorized instructor for the Class B
airspace; (ii) logbook has been endorsed within
preceding 90 days for solo flight in Class B; and (iii)
the logbook specifies the student pilot is competent
for solo flight operations.

JOURNEY LOGBOOK [91.145]

The aircraft journey log shall contain the following:
1. Aircraft registration and nationality
5. Purpose of
flight
2. Date
6. Observations of flight
3. Crewmember names and duties
7. Signature of PIC
4. Departure and arrival points and times

COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION REQUIREMENTS

OPERATIO
INSTRUMENT REQUIREMENTS
NS
IFR
Operable VOR/TACAN receiver
Operations
All
Operable radio for two-way communications
Operations
with ATC for frequencies in the Class B area
TRANSPONDER REQUIREMENTS
VISUAL FLIGHT RULES (VFR)
- Aircraft has to have transponder with Mode C capability
FUEL REQUIREMENTS FOR VFR FLIGHTS [91.151]
that reports pressure altitude information in 100-foot - Under day VFR, theres enough fuel to fly to first point of
increments (intervals).
intended landing and to fly normal cruise speed after
that for 30 minutes.
6. Class A [91.135]
Operations in Class A MUST use INSTRUMENT FLIGHT
BASIC VFR WEATHER MINIMUMS [91.156]
RULES (IFR)
The flight visibility and distance from clouds must NOT be less
CLEARANCE
than:
- You can operate in Class A only when clearance is
Airsp
Flight Visibility
Distance from Clouds
received from ATC
ace
Class
IFR ONLY
IFR ONLY
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS
A
- Aircraft in Class A, pilot must be equipped with radio
Class
Above 10000 feet: 8 km
capable for two-way communication with ATC while
Clear of clouds
Below 10000 feet: 5 km
B
within that Class A airspace
1000 feet above
Class
Above 10000 feet: 8 km
1000 feet above
TRANSPONDER REQUIREMENT
Below 10000 feet: 5 km
C
1500 meters horizontal
- Aircraft has to have transponder with Mode C capability
1000 feet above
that reports pressure altitude information in 100-foot
Class
Above 10000 feet: 8 km
1000 feet above
increments (intervals).
Below 10000 feet: 5 km
D
1500 meters horizontal
Above
10000
feet:
8
km
1000 feet above
ATC AUTHORIZATIONS
Class
Below
10000
feet:
5
km
1000 feet above
- Aircraft may deviate from any provision under ATC
E
1500 meters horizontal
authorization.

Class
G

Above 10000 feet: 8 km

Below 10000 feet: 5 km
Higher than 3000 feet
AMSL: 5km or 1000 feet
AGL in sight

1000 feet above

1000 feet above
1500 meters horizontal
Clear of Clouds

- If flight plan activated, PIC shall notify appropriate ATC facility

to cancel it
VFR CRUISING ALTITUDE [91.159]
BELOW 20000 FEET
ABOVE FL 200

SPECIAL VFR [91.157]

Only be conducted with ATC clearance and clear of clouds.
Takeoff and landing require 1 statute mile of ground
visibility.

FL 200 IS NOT USABLE

VFR FLIGHT SHOULD NOT BE AT OR ABOVE FL 290

NIGHT VFR [91.152]

Night VFR is prohibited unless authorized by the Director.
INFORMATION REQUIRED
INSTRUMENT FLIGHT RULES (IFR)
1. The aircraft identification number and, if necessary, its
FUEL REQUIREMENTS FOR IFR FLIGHTS [91.167]
radio call sign.
Under IFR, theres enough fuel to fly to first point of
2. The type of the aircraft.
intended landing, then fly alternate airport, and fly
3. The full name and address of the pilot in command
cruise speed after that for 45 minutes.
4. The point and proposed time of departure.
INFORMATION REQUIRED [91.169]
5. The proposed route, cruising altitude and true airspeed 1. The aircraft identification number and, if necessary, its
at the altitude.
radio call sign.
6. The first intended landing point and estimate time gone 2. The type of the aircraft.
to the point.
3. The full name and address of the pilot in command
7. The amount of fuel on board (in hours).
4. The point and proposed time of departure.
8. The number of persons in the aircraft
5. The proposed route, cruising altitude and true airspeed
at the altitude.
9. Any other information the PIC or ATC think necessary for ATC
purposes.
6. The first intended landing point and estimate time gone
to the point.
CANCELLING VFR
7. The amount of fuel on board (in hours).

8. The number of persons in the aircraft.

9. Alternate airport
MINIMUM ALTITUDE [91.177]
- If over mountainous area, fly 2000 feet above highest
obstacle within horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles
from course to be flown.
- If any other case, fly 1000 feet above highest obstacle
within horizontal distance of 4 nautical miles from
course to be flown.

000o 179o
180o 359o
FL 290
FL 310
FL 330
FL 350
Flight Level at 4000
FL 370
FL 390
feet intervals
FL 410
FL 430
FL 450
FL 470
FL 490 etc.
FL 510 etc.
ABOVE FL 290 UP TO FL 410 INCLUSIVE WITHIN RVSM
DESIGNATED ROUTE:
TRACK
REMARKS
000o 179o
180o 359o
FL 290
Flight level at 2000
FL 300
FL 310
ft intervals up to
FL 320
FL 330
and include FL 410,
FL 340
FL 350
at 4000 ft intervals
FL 360
FL 370
above FL410
FL
380
FL 390
FL
400
FL 410

IFR CRUISING FLIGHT LEVEL [91.179]

- In controlled airspace, aircraft fly at altitude assigned to
him by ATC.
- In uncontrolled airspace:
TRACK
o
o
REMARKS
000
090
180o
270o

089o
179o
269o
359o
3000
IFR Cruise Altitudes
3500
4000
4500
ALTERNATE AIRPORT [91.169]
5000
6000
6500
5500
- An alternate airport is not required if the at point of intended
8000
8500
7500
7000
landing:
10000
10500
9500
9000
(1) the airport is prescribed with an approved standard
12000
12500
11500
11000
instrument approach procedure;
14000
14500
13500
13000
(2) 1 hour before and 1 hour after the ETA, the weather
16000
16500
15500
15000
reports/forecasts reveal the ceiling will be at least 2000
18000
18500
17500
17000
feet AGL, and visibility at least 3 statute miles.
19500
19000
DO NOT USE FL 200
FOR FLIGHTS FROM FL 210 INCLUSIVE TO FL
TRACK
000o 179o
180o 359o
FL 210
FL 220
FL 230
FL 240
FL 250
FL 260
FL 270
FL 280
ABOVE FL 290 INCLUSIVE WITHIN NON
ROUTE:
TRACK

290:

- If an alternate is required, the weather minimums of the airport

at the ETA:
REMARKS
(1) If instrument approach procedure has been prescribed by
DGCA:
Flight Level at 2000

For precision approach: 600 ft ceiling and 2 statute

feet intervals
miles visibility
For non-precision approach: 800 ft ceiling and 2
RVSM DESIGNATED
statute miles visibility
(2) If no instrument approach has been prescribed, VFR
REMARKS
minimums apply.

- Approach is unstabilized, or visibility obscured visual cues for

TAKEOFF AND LANDING [91.169]
landing:
(1) When the aircraft is operated below MDA.
TAKEOFF
(2) Between MAP and touchdown.
The weather minimums of a civil airport:
During
circling approach, an identifiable part of the airport is not
(1) For aircraft with 2 engines or less, 1 statute mile visibility
distinctly
visible at or above MDA, except if that was resulting
(2) For aircraft of more than 2 engines, statute mile
from normal bank of the aircraft
visibility
RADIO COMMUNICATIONS [91.183 & 91.185]
If an RVR is prescribed for an airport with no RVR reporting
Aircraft must report time and altitude over reporting points
capability, ground visibility may be used.
designated or specified by ATC, except during radar control,
only points specified by ATC.
LANDING
During instrument approach with procedures requiring DH or
COMMUNICATIONS FAILURE
MDA, the authorized DH or MDA is the highest of the
If radio communications fail under IFR:
following:
Under Non-radar Control:
- DH or MDA prescribed by the IAP
- DH or MDA prescribed by the PIC
- DH or MDA equipped in the aircraft
You may not descent below the DH or MDA unless:
- The aircraft is in a continuously making a normal rate of
descent and normal maneuvers from descent to landing
within touchdown zone of runway.
- Flight visibility is not less than prescribed visibility in the
IAP.
- Except for Cat I or Cat III operations, at least one of the following
visual references is visible:
Maintain last assigned speed and level for 20 minutes
Approach light system
after the aircraft failure to report over a compulsory reporting
(until 100 ft above runway
Touchdown zone or touchdown
point, then proceed as flight plan.
elevation
unless
red
zone markings
terminating bars or red side
row bars are visible)
Visual
approach
slope
Threshold
indicator
Threshold markings
Touchdown zone lights
Threshold lights
Runway or runway markings
Runway end identifier lights
Runway lights
Under Radar Control:
Missed approach must be conducted if:

- Maintain last assigned speed and level or minimum flight

altitude for 7 minutes, after:
(1) Failure to report over a compulsory reporting point
(2) Setting squawk 7600

(3)
The time the last assigned altitude or flight level is
reached
For whichever is later, then proceed as filed flight plan.

I
f being radar vectored by ATC to deviate from RNAV route
without specified limit, rejoin in the most direct manner to
the next significant point along the flight planned
route, taking into consideration the minimum flight altitude.

LNI 8812, due to traffic,

after BITUX, fly heading 360
and maintain 5000 feet. Expect
further clearance in 5 minutes

While in flight without VOR checkpoint

Select a position at least 20 nautical miles away from a VOR
on radial along the centerline of an established VOR
airway. Fly a reasonably low altitude and note the variation
between published radial and indicated bearing.
(maximum is 6o)

- Proceed along flight planned route to a fix/navaid over the

airport and hold over the fix until commencement of
descent at, or as close as possible to, the estimated
approach time or estimated time of arrival.
- Complete a normal instrument approach as published.
- Land within 30 minutes after the ETA, or the EAT,
whichever is later.
COURSE TO BE FLOWN [91.181]
An aircraft under IFR may fly:
- Along the centerline of a published airway, or;
- Along a direct course between navaid or fixes defining the
route. The pilot may maneuver under VFR to pass well clear of
other air traffic.
VOR INSTRUMENT CHECKS [91.171]
The VOR equipment on board an aircraft must be operationally
checked within the preceeding 30 days to be able to navigate
with VOR under IFR.
To perform a VOR check:
While on ground
Proceed to a VOR system checkpoint approved by the Director. The maximum permissible bearing error is 4o.
While in flight with VOR checkpoint available
Proceed to the airborne checkpoint designated by the Director. The maximum permissible bearing error is 6o.

C EQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENT, AND CERTIFICATE

REQUIREMENTS
CERTIFICATIONS REQUIRED BY A CIVIL AIRCRAFT [91.203]
An aircraft must be carrying the following:
Airworthiness certificate
Special flight permit
A copy of Operations Specifications
Air carrier manual containing portion of the operation
specifications
Registration mark assigned by DGCA
Registration certificate

INSTRUMENT AND EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR CIVIL

AIRCRAFT [91.205]
If operated under day VFR
Airspeed indicator
Altimeter
Magnetic compass
Tachometer
Oil pressure gauge for Temperature
gauge
for
engines
using
pressure liquid cooled engines
system
Oil temperature gauge for Manifold pressure gauge
air cooled engines
for altitude engines
Fuel gauge for each tank
Landing
gear
position
indicator
Flotation
device
and Safety belt with metal-topyrotechnic
signaling metal latching device for
device if aircraft isoffshore occupants 2 years of age or
operation
older.
Shoulder harness for small Emergency
Locator
airplanes
Transmitter

- Source of electrical energy for radio

equipments
- Spare set of fuses accessible to pilot in flight.

and

electrical

ELT REQUIREMENTS (91.207)

Commercial operators, air carriers, and charter flights require
the installation of automatic ELT, while others require
approved personal ELT or automatic ELT.
The location of the ELT must be attached on the plane as far aft
as practicable.
The batteries of the ELT must be replaced when:
1) The transmitter has been used for 1 cumulative hour.
2) 50% of the useful life (or 50% of the useful life of
charge for rechargeable batteries) has expired. If battery
has no shelf life, this section doesnt apply.
ELT must be inspected every 12 months for proper installation,
corrosion, operational and crash sensors, and the signal
radiated from its antenna.

CAN AN AIRCRAFT FLY WITHOUT ELT?

- A new aircraft or an aircraft with an inoperative ELT may be
ferried without ELT to a place where ELT could be installed
or replaced.
- An aircraft may be allowed to fly, given that:
1) It is used for local flight training within 50 nautical
mile from the airport where it begins.
2) It is engaged in flight operations for design and testing
3) It is a new aircraft, flown to manufacturer, for preparation
or delivery.
For flights above FL240, an operating Distance Measuring
4) It is flown for agricultural purposes (such as aerial
Equipment (DME). If DME fails in flight, PIC has to notify ATC
spraying of fertilizers)
and continue to the base where equipment repairs can be made.
5) It is certified by Director for research and
development.
6) It is being used to show compliance with regulation,
training, exhibitions, air races or market surveys.
Lighting requirements
7) It is equipped to only carry one person.
- Position lights (i.e. Nav Light)
8) Its transmitter has been temporarily removed for
- Red/white anticollision lights (i.e. rotating beacon)
inspection and a placard shows NO ELT INSTALLED. The
- Landing light (If aircraft is for hire)
aircraft may be used not more than 90 days.
If operated under IFR
All instruments required for a VFR flight, plus:
Two-way
radio Gyroscopic ROT indicator
communications
Slip/skid indicator
Sensitive altimeter
Clock
Generator/Alternator
Gyroscopic pitch & bank Gyroscopic
direction
indicator
indicator

NIGHT AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS [91.209]

From sunset to sunrise:
- An aircraft may be flown if it has
1) Lighted position lights
2) Lighted anticollision lights, except if PIC determines it
has to be turned off for safety (such as in clouds to avoid
visual illusions)
- An aircraft may only be parked or moved when it is clearly
illuminated, and has lighted position lights.
- An aircraft may only be anchored if it has lighted anchor
lights or where anchor lights are not required.

TRANSPONDER REQUIREMENTS [91.215 & 91.217]

- A person must operate an operative Mode C capable
transponder, with 100-ft increments altitude reporting, by a
code designated by ATC when:
1) In Class A, Class B, and Class C airspace
2) Above the ceiling, but still within lateral boundaries, of
Class B, or Class C airports, up to 10,000 ft MSL.
3) At or above 10,000 ft MSL in all airspace.
Requesting deviations from ATC
- For aircraft with transponder without Mode C capability, or
aircraft with failed transponder bound to its ultimate
destination or where repairs can be made, request may be
made any time.
- For aircraft with no transponder, request at least one hour
before the operation.

SUPPLEMENTAL OXYGEN [91.211]

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
- A person may only turn off the transponder when directed
- At 12,500 14,000 ft MSL cabin pressure, the minimum flight
by ATC.
crew must use supplemental oxygen if operating at those
altitudes for more than 30 minutes.
Data matching with between reported transponder altitude and
- Above 14,000 ft MSL cabin pressure, the minimum flight crew
aircraft altimeter
must use supplemental oxygen for the entire flight time at - The transponder must be able to transmit data corresponding to
those altitudes
the altimeter of the aircraft within 125 ft on a 95%
- Above 15,000 ft MSL cabin pressure, each occupant must be
probability basis.
provided with supplemental oxygen.
ALTITUDE
ALERTING
SYSTEMS
(TURBOJET-POWERED
PRESSURIZED CABINS:
AIRCRAFTS ONLY) [91.219]
- Above FL 250 flight altitude, a 10 minute oxygen supply, in
The altitude alerting system must be able to:
addition to general requirements, must be available to each - Alert the pilot with aural and visual signals in a time sufficient
occupant in case of depressurization.
to establish level flight at the preselected altitude in a
- Above FL 350 flight altitude:
climb/descent
1) One pilot at the controls must use an oxygen mask - Alert the pilot with aural signal in deviations above/below
supplying oxygen at all times or automatically when cabin
preselected altitude
pressure exceeds 14,000 ft MSL; or
- Provides the required signals from sea level to the maximum
2) If there are two pilots at the controls, each has quick
aeroplane operating altitude
donning oxygen masks that can be placed, used and - Preselect altitude at increments corresponding to altitudes
supply oxygen within 5 seconds.
the aircraft operate

- Be tested without special equipments to ensure proper

operation of the signals
- Use barometric pressure setting to provide alerts. For operations
under 3000 ft AGL, a radio altimeter may be used and signal
may be provided either visually or aurally.
-

The altitude alerting system may not be required for:

Ferrying a new airplane from place of possession to a place
where the system is to be installed
Continuing flight as planned if the system failed in flight
Ferrying a plane with an inoperative system to where
repairs can be made
Conducting airworthiness flight test
Ferrying the plane outside Indonesia to be registered in a
foreign country
Conducting sales demonstration of airplane
Training foreign flight crews of the airplane operations
before ferrying it outside Indonesia to register it in a foreign
country.

INOPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS/EQUIPMENTS [91.213]

An aircraft Minimum Equipment List (MEL) should not include
equipments:
- That
are
specifically
required
by
airworthiness
requirements for the aircraft for safe operations under all
operating conditions.
- That are required by airworthiness directive to be operable
- That are required for any other specific operations.

Notwithstanding the above conditions, an aircraft may still be

allowed to fly with instruments being inoperative, without a MEL,
if:
The flight is conducted in small non-turbine powered
airplane which Master MEL has not been developed
- Inoperative equipments are not part of the:
(i)
VFR
day
type
certification
instruments
and
equipments,
(ii)
Requirements on the Kinds of Operations Equipment
List
(iii)
Requirements of CASR Part 91.205
(iv)
Requirements in the airworthiness directive to be
operational.
- The inoperative equipment has been removed/deactivated
and placarded, and the inoperable instrument has been
recorded.
- The PIC decides that the inoperative equipment does NOT
cause hazard in flight.

D SPECIAL FLIGHT OPERATIONS

AEROBATIC FLIGHT [91.303]
Aerobatic flight is prohibited:
Over any congested area of city/town/settlement
Over open air assembly of persons
Within lateral boundaries of Class B, Class C, Class F or
Class G airspace
Within 4 nautical miles of centerline of an airway
Below 1,500 feet AGL
When flight visibility is less than 3 sm.

The MEL must be able to allow operation of aircraft with

instruments and equipments in an inoperable condition.
Should any inoperative equipment/instrument exist in an aircraft, that aircraft is not allowed to fly unless:
- An approved MEL exists for the aircraft.
- The aircraft has a letter of authorization authorizing operation under MEL.
- Aircraft records is available to the pilot regarding inoperative
instruments.
FLIGHT TEST AREAS [91.305]

- Flight test areas must be conducted over open water or

sparsely populated areas with light air traffic.

POST
MAINTENANCE
[91.407]

REBUILDING

OR

ALTERATION

PARACHUTING [91.307]
No one may conduct parachuting except in emergency or
according to CASR 105
INSPECTIONS [91.409]
Except every passenger is wearing approved parachute,
no pilot may execute:
MAINTENANCE RECORDS [91.417]
o
- Bank exceeding 60 relative to horizon.
- Nose up/down attitude exceeding 30o relative to horizon.

E MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE REQUIRED [91.405]
An aircraft operator must ensure that:
F LARGE AND TURBINE-POWERED
The aircraft is inspected according to this Part and
AIRPLANES
discrepancies repaired.
APPLICABILITY [91.501]
Maintenance
personnel
make
appropriate
entries
in maintenance records.
Inoperative
instrument/equipment
FLYING EQUIPMENTS [91.503]
repaired/replaced/removed/inspected
in
the
next required inspection.
Inoperative instruments are placarded.

MULTIENGINE

A PIC must be familiar with operations, limitations, and

emergency equipments of the airplane before flight.
IFR OR NIGHT VFR EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS [91.507]
EQUIPEMENTS FOR OVERWATER OPERATIONS [91.509 &
91.511]
EMERGENCY EQUIPMENTS [91.513]
FLIGHT ALTITUDE [91.515]
PASSENGER INFORMATION [91.517]
PASSENGER BRIEFING [91.519]
SHOULDER HARNESS [91.521]
CARRIAGE OF CARRY-ON ITEMS AND CARGO [91.523 &
91.525]
FLIGHT IN ICING CONDITIONS [91.527]
-

FLIGHT ATTENDANT REQUIREMENTS [91.531]

STOWAGE OF FOOD, BEVERAGE, AND PASSENGER SERVICE ITEMS [91.533]
-