Electric Co. Ltd.

GAS INSULATED SWITCHGEAR

CONTENTS
Introduction................................................ 2
Main features............................................... 4
Circuit breaker..............................................6
Disconnectors,
maintenance and high
speed earthing switches..........................10
Current transformer....................................12
Voltage transformer....................................13
Joining and expansion units.......................14
Surge arrester.............................................16
Terminations...............................................17
Gas monitoring system
and local control cabinet...........................19
Design and production
facilities......................................................20
Development facilities............................... 21
Quality assurance...................................... 22
Quality control...........................................23
Technical characteristics ...........................26
Typical substation layouts......................... 27

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

INTRODUCTION
The increased demand for electrical energy in big
cities and industrial areas has made it necessary
to bring high voltage systems directly to the load
centres. It is very difficult, and sometimes
impossible to find a suitable place for installation
of the air insulated switchgear (conventional
type).
At the same time in many areas (cities, industrial
centres, seaside etc.) the air has become very
polluted for using any sort of the open type
insulation.
The SF6 gas insulated switchgear (GIS) guarantees
outstanding advantages for the planning and
operation of high voltage supply networks. For
instance, the space requirement can be less than
10% of the space taken up by an equivalent
conventional installation.
As all live parts are metal enclosed and
hermetically sealed, the SF6 GIS is completely
immune to the atmospheric pollution (fog, sand,
salt...)and industrial pollution (dust, smoke,
gas...). With SF6 GIS all foreign bodies (persons,
animals, tools) are prevented from coming into
contact with live parts. This ensures maximum
safety to personnel and increased continuity of
operation.
Harmful effects, caused by corona and radio
interferences, are totally eliminated and thanks to
the low noise level of the driving mechanisms the
SF6 GIS is very suitable for installation in residental
areas.
All switchgear enclosures and conductors are
made of aluminium. The results of this design are
low enclosure losses and light weight.
The switchgear is shipped as large sub-assemblies
and as complete factory tested package feeders.
The cost of the site erection and commissioning is
minimized.
The well known modular design allows the
switchgear to be adopted to the specific
requirements of each particular case (one line
diagram, layout, section...).

Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

170 kV GIS, Indonesia "Simpang"

Gas filling at 170kV GIS, Indonesia "Gunung Salak"

132kV GIS, Kuwait "Funaitees F"

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

MAIN FEATURES
Single phase enclosed design
Small dimensions allowing economical space
saving
Indoor and outdoor applications
High reliability in service, independence of
ambient influences
Flexibility and optimal arrangement of
equipment, assured by highly modular element
system
Light weight, gastight aluminium enclosures with
low electrical losses and corrosion resistance
Earthed enclosures assuring maximal protection
against electrical shock for the operating
personnel
Low maintenance and long service life
Environmental friendly behaviour
Epoxy-resin barrier and support insulators
Circuit breaker on single pressure principle,
actuated by hydraulic drive
Protection against dangerous overpressure
through bursting membranes
Quick site assembly assured by in-factory
preassembled bays and shipping units
Compliance with relevant international standards
(IEC 517; IEC 694...)

72,5 kV GIS, Qatar, "Al Bidda"

Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

300 kV GIS, Malaysia "Paroi"

300 kV GIS, Malaysia "Jalan Pantai"

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

CIRCUIT BREAKER
The circuit breaker is single pressure double flow type, which by
synchronizing puffer, suction, self blast and nozzle ablation effects,
significantly boosts the circuit current breaking performance.
The operating mechanism can allow three-pole operation or singlepole operation according to the Clients' request.
The circuit breaker is operated by a reliable hydraulic mechanism
installed directly on the circuit
breaker supporting structure. The
hydraulic mechanism operates in the
range of +50C and -25C ambient
temperature. The production is
based on 40 years of experience and
- development.
continuous
One closing coil and two trip coils are
normally provided for operation
control.
The circuit breaker can be operated
remotely or locally from the local
control cabinet.
The interrupting chamber is
equipped with facility for filtering the
humidity and absorbing the gas
decomposition products.
All inspection and maintenance
operations can be easily executed
without having to dismantle the
adjacent parts.

Assembly of a circuit breaker pole

Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

SCHEME OF THE EXTINGUISHING CHAMBER

Closed position

Arc quenching

Arc quenching

Arc quenching

Open position
Sequence of current interruption

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

SCHEME OF HYDRAULIC OPERATING MECHANISM

Position: OFF

Position: ON

high pressure

8
8

without pressure

Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

72,5kV GIS, Qatar, "Race Course".

Site erection of 145 kV GIS extension, Hungary "BorsodChem".

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

DISCONNECTORS, MAINTENANCE AND

HIGH SPEED EARTHING SWITCHES
The modular system consists of five different
switching elements:
busbar disconnectors
line disconnectors
angle disconnectors
maintenance earthing switches
high speed earthing switches
The disconnectors, maintenance earthing
switches and high speed earthing switches are
equipped with standard main parts:
The motor driven operating mechanism is
based on a rotating spindle with
movement in both directions for
90.
The mechanism contains locking system,
position indicator, auxiliary contacts and
plug base for the cable connection.
The mechanism can be driven by motor or
by hand.
The crank housing with sealing and leading
systems.
The three poles of each apparatus are
mechanically coupled in any position and
operated in common by the motor mechanism.
The disconnector (angle or line type) can be
installed alone or together with an earthing
switch in common enclosure.
Each type of the earthing switches could be
installed alone or together with the disconnector
in common enclosure.
The high speed earthing switch is similar to the
maintenance earthing switch, but it is provided
with a spring stored energy type operating
mechanism.

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

Section of busbar disconnector

Section of angle disconnector

Section of maintenance or
high speed earthing switch

Section of angle disconnector with maintenance or high speed earthing switch

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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CURRENT TRANSFORMER
The current transformer has toroidal cores
installed concentrically to the primary winding
formed by the inner conductor.
The transformer cores are tensioned in a retaining
frame and are inserted in gas space of the housing
together with an internal screen.
The ends of secondary windings are brought into
the terminal box through gastight bushings.
Cores with secondary windings are designed in
accordance with the requirements for accuracy
class and power rating.
Changing of transformer ratio is carried out in the
terminal box.

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
The voltage transformer is inductive type.
The main insulation is SF 6 gas, while synthetic foils
are used as insulation between the windings.
It can be arranged in front of or behind the
outgoing feeder disconnector or on the busbar.
The primary conductor, supported by a gastight
bushing, forms the connection to the switchgear.
The secondary connections are accessible via
terminal box.

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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JOINING AND EXPANSION UNITS

Joining units are used for interconnecting the
various apparatuses and bus sections of the GIS.
These units generally contain connection
elements: T-housing, X-housing and straight
(SF6tube) element.
The active parts are current conducting tubes,
tulip and/or MC contacts.
The thermal expansion of the long enclosure, as
well as the mounting and manufacturing
tolerances are compensated by metal bellow
compensators.

300 kV line connections with GIS busducts, Malaysia "Paroi".

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

245 kV circuit breakers at GIS assembly hall

Site erection of 72,5 kV GIS, Italy, "CET 3, ILVA-Taranto".

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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SURGE ARRESTER
Gas insulated surge arresters can be supplied where the use of
outdoor surge arresters is not practicable (cable bays or connections
to transformers through busduct) or where the overhead line
termination is too far from the GIS to ensure a coordinated protection.
The surge arrester is made from first class ZnO discs protected by
gastight insulating cylinder and inserted in the metal enclosure.
Screens are used for the correct distribution of the electrical field.

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

TERMINATIONS
CABLE END
The cable end facilitates the interconnection of
the HV cable and the GIS. The cable end contains
a cast resin cable end insulator - always supplied
by the cable manufacturer - enclosure and
contact system. The main insulation of the cable
end is SF6 gas and this gas compartment is usually
independent of the other gas compartments in
the switchgear bay.
SF6 - AIR BUSHING
The overhead line is
connected to the GIS
t h r o u g h t h e S F6 - a i r
bushing. Its external cover
is a conventional gastight
porcelain insulator with
suitable screen formation
and with potential control
inside. The bushing
current conducting tube is located in the axis
of the porcelain insulator. The bushings can be
installed in different arrangements according
to the connection possibilities of the overhead lines.
SF6 - OIL BUSHING
This
bushing ensures direct
connection between the transformer and the GIS. The insulating
body of the bushing is made of
epoxy-resin always supplied by the
transformer manufacturer. The GIS
manufacturer supplies the
enclosure of SF6 gas insulated
transformer connection including
the contact system and the antivibration compensator to damp
the vibration of the transformer.

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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300 kV GIS extension, Malaysia "Melaka"

Type testing of the 300 kV GIS prototype bay at CESI laboratory

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

GAS MONITORING SYSTEM AND

LOCAL CONTROL CABINET
The switchgear bay is divided into several gas compartments and
each gas compartment is monitored by a temperature compensated
gas density relay. Beside this relay each gas compartment is equipped
with a bursting membrane, manometer (if requested), filter and gas
connection valves.
The local operation of GIS is performed from the Local Control
Cabinet. Each switchgear bay has its own cabinet equipped with all
devices necessary for the operation. Each cabinet generally includes
alarm annunciator, mimic diagram, position indicators, control and
selector switches and other necessary instruments. The cabinet also
contains terminal blocks and all necessary auxiliary relays for the
electrical interlocking system.

Gas schematic diagram of a line bay and local control cabinet.

Local control cabinets at 132 kV GIS, Kuwait "Funaitees F".

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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DESIGN AND PRODUCTION FACILITIES

Design, planning and layout of gas insulated switchgear substation
is carried out by experts using modern computer aided design
tools.
Model-based computer graphics are used for creating substation
models.
Our semi-automatic production process makes use of a computer
aided manufacturing requirements planning (MRP) which assures
economic procurement of materials and timely manufacturing
progress.
Quality control inspections begin at the conceptual stage and
track the whole design and manufacture process.
Ganz Transelektro utilizes a new up-to-date switchgear plant
(8000 m2 ) conceived and realized in order to grant the highest
standard of efficiency and quality in production process.

The new plant at Tpiszele, Hungary with the new GIS factory in the front of the picture.

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

DEVELOPMENT FACILITIES
All of the most advanced calculations and
simulation techniques are used during the
development stage of the various components
and in particular:
two-dimension and three-dimension
finite element softwares for evaluation of
the dielectric strength
finite element software for stress analysis
of GIS enclosures
two-dimension and three-dimension
software for gas flow analysis for
evaluation of the performances of the
interrupting chambers during various
network operating and fault conditions
modelling of hydraulic drives
All the calculations and simulations are fully
integrated by experimental data obtained during
type and research tests.

Gas velocity map inside the nozzle of the extinguishing chamber

Computer aided design: Electrical field distribution at the open contacts of a

disconnector tested with max. BIL test voltage

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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QUALITY ASSURANCE
The applied Quality Assurance System for design, development,
manufacturing and testing is in compliance with the standard of:
ISO 9001 (UNI--EN 29001)

View of a section of the assembly hall at the new GIS factory

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

QUALITY CONTROL
All quality control operations are carried out on all materials,
subcomponents and components up to the final tests on the
shipping units.
Apart from the tests carried out at Ganz Transelektro test rooms,
which are under periodical control of independent institutes, all
materials and subcomponents are subject of the required tests at the
subsupplier's workshop.
In order to allow the End User to control and to participate in the test
program, a Quality Control Plan is prepared during the contract stage.

The 750 kV GIS high voltage test transformer and the coupling capacitor

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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145 kV GIS extension, Malaysia, "Kuala Lumpur East"

145 kV GIS extension, Malaysia, "Kuala Lumpur East". New line busducts.

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

FLOW CHART OF QUALITY CONTROL PROCESS REGARDING THE EPOXY

INSULATOR DISCS MANUFACTURED BY GANZ TRANSELEKTRO

Supporting insulator with tulip contact

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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GIS
TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

TYPICAL SUBSTATION LAYOUTS

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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GIS UP TO 170 kV CABLE BAY, SINGLE BUSBAR SYSTEM

width of bay: 1450 mm

GIS UP TO 170 kV CABLE BAY, DOUBLE BUSBAR SYSTEM

width of bay: 1450 mm

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

GIS UP TO 170 kV OVERHEAD LINE BAY, DOUBLE BUSBAR SYSTEM

width of bay: 1450 mm

GIS 245-300 kV OVERHEAD LINE BAY

width of bay: 1800 mm

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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GIS 245-300 kV TRANSFORMER BAY/WITH CABLE/WITH BUS DUCT

width of bay: 1800 mm

GIS 245-300 kV BUSCOUPLER

width of bay: 1800 mm

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.

GIS 245-300 kV OVERHEAD LINE BAY

width of bay: min. 1800 mm

GIS 245-300 kV TRANSFORMER BAY

width of bay: min. 1800 mm

Ganz Transelektro Co.Ltd.

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GIS UP TO 170 kV OVERHEAD LINE BAY, DOUBLE BUSBAR SYSTEM

GIS UP TO 170 kV CABLE BAY, SINGLE BUSBAR SYSTEM

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Ganz Transelektro Electric Co. Ltd.