Sedsim Manual 2008

Sedsim Demonstration Manual
PC Demonstration 2008
Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research

Organisation (CSIRO), Australia
Getting Started with Sedsim
2008 Demonstration Manual
Step-by-step:
A practical manual for using Sedsim
Predictive Geoscience Group
CSIRO Petroleum
Australia
1. INTRODUCTION
The Sedsim three-dimensional stratigraphic forward modelling software enables a
variety of inter-dependent surface and basin-forming processes to be studied at both
geological and engineering time scales. The results reflect possible changes in sediment
distribution over time as a function of the depositional environment.
Basic Principles of Sedsim Operation
Hydrodynamics make up the core of the Sedsim program and utilise an approximation
to the Navier-Stokes equations. The full Navier-Stokes equations describing the fluid
flow in three dimensions are currently impossible to solve due to limitations in
computer speed (it would take longer to simulate a flow than the real event). Sedsim
instead simplifies the flow by utilising isolated fluid elements to represent continuous
flow. This Lagrangian approach to the hydrodynamics allows for a significant increase
in the speed of computation and simplification of the fluid flow equations. The
downside of this approach is that individual events such as a rapid variation in fluid
flows cannot be modelled. Simulations over geological periods can at best hope to
capture the mean conditions and create a general pattern of sediment distribution, rather
than capture the exact timing of each individual pulse of material. The Navier-Stokes
equations are modified into non-linear Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). These
equations are now solved using a modified Cash-Karp Runge Kutta scheme (Press et al.,
1992) that ensures stable and accurate 4th order in time solutions. The Sedsim program
is written in Fortran 95 and has no graphics component. The input and output are in the
form of ASCII text files that can be opened in any text editor. Sedsim can run on any
computer for which a Fortran 95 compiler exists. The code is not suitable for parallel
processing, so a fast (ideally 64 bit) processor is ideal. The binary code distributed on
the Sedsim 2008 Demo Disk has been optimised for use on Pentium IV processors. The
Sedsim Demo code runs under an MSDOS command window and is limited to 25 cells
x 25 cells by 40 display time steps.
To view the results in a 3D graphical representation you must install the Sedview 2.0.4
program included on the Sedsim 2008 Demo Disk.
CSIRO Petroleum, Australia, http://www.csiro.au/products/Sedsim.html
Page 1 / 22
About the Demo Disk

This demo disk contains:
/Documents
/Example_cif
/ Example_input
/ Example_output
/ Getting_started
readme.txt
/Documents
Sedsim version 7 manual and references.
/Example_cif
Example files can be displayed by Sedview.
/Example_input
Command and input files for testing cases

t1_1 two clastic sources
t2_1 clastic source + simple carbonates + waves
t3_1_7 larger clastic source + simple carbonates
t3_2_7 larger clastic source + simple carbonates + waves
t4_1_7 two clastic sources + slumping
/Example_output
Simulation results for those testing cases.
/Getting_started
The start place for first time user. It contains:

sedsim7.01.exe
gd2cif.exe
sedview.exe
Also simple command files, tectonic, temperature, sea
level, and topography files
This version of Sedsim7.01 is limited to 25 x 25 grid cells and 100 display time steps. It
is enough to experiment with various aspects of forward modelling. The default
command files have grid-in-grid switched off ("# INTERNAL GRID") and the t1_1
simulation should take a few seconds on a Pentium IV 800MHz. If the "INTERNAL
GRID" is switched on then it will take around 5 minutes.
Page 2 / 22
Coordinate systems
As shown in Figure 1, all distance measurements are taken from the bottom left (or
South West corner) in metres. All angles are calculated clockwise from North in
degrees.
Number
of rows
3
2
1
1
Number
of columns
Figure 1 Coordinate system of Sedsim
Files
Sedsim command and input files are text files.
In Windows format: Copy file t1_1.sif to t1_1a.sif
Or in MS_DOS formatD:\> Copy t1_1.sif t1_1a.sif
Use a text editor to edit the file t1_1a.sif
Have a look through the file. We will make some changes to this file later.
Page 3 / 22
2. RUN SEDSIM
Step 1: Create a directory under hard drive D: name it as sedsim
D:\sedsim
Step 2: Insert the Sedsim 2008 Demo Disk, copy all the files in the folder
getting_started to D:\sedsim
Step 3: Open a command prompt
By click: Start Programs Accessories Command Prompt
Figure 2 Command prompt window (MS DOS window)

Step 4: Change directory to your work directory
D:\sedsim>
Then type: sedsim7.01 command_file
eg: sedsim7.01 t1_1.sif
Here t1_1.sif is a command file. Normally the t1_1.sif simulation takes a
few seconds to run. [Note that is the Enter button.]
Step 5: Edit the command file
You can see and edit the command file(t1_1.sif), the topography file
(top_1000m1.top), sea level file (sea1_1Ma.sl), etc. by Wordpad or Word in
Windows, then save them in text format. Alternatively, type: edit command_file in
the DOS window, to use the DOS editor
Careful: After file editing, use save button other than save-as. Because Wordpad
or Word usually automatically adds a suffix/extension .txt at the end of the
command file, eg: t1_1.sif becomes t1_1.sif.txt. If this happened you
should rename t1_1.sif.txt to t1_1.sif.
Step 6: Convert the simulation result into a graphical file (.cif)
In the directory D:\sedsim>
type: gd2cif t1_1.GRAPH t1_1.cif t1_1.TOT
The .cif file can now be viewed with Sedview.
Page 4 / 22
3. SEDVIEW GRAPHIC DISPLAY OF SIMULATION RESULTS

Step 1: Install Sedview
Copy the sedview.exe file on the Demo disk to D:\sedsim
Go to D:\sedsim, double click on sedview.exe
When the installation window comes up, follow a few
simple instructions, and Sedview2.0.4 will be on your
display. A Sedview icon should appear on your
desktop.
Step 2: Examine a .cif file with Sedview
Double Click the Sedview icon. Then Go to file open locate the .cif file
(D: \sedsim\ t1_1.cif)
A 3D image of the simulation area should be on the screen as shown in Figure 3.
As the first step, you can move the pointer on the Exaggeration scale to get a better
view of the vertical structure of the deposit. Then increase the Timestep, and go on to
have a play with Sedview.
To rotate the image: move the mouse arrow to the display window, then move the arrow
while pressing the left hand button of the mouse.
To enlarge or reduce the image: press control button on the keyboard and the left button
on the mouse at same time then pull the arrow on the screen.
To move the image up/down: press shift and the left button on the mouse at same time
then move the arrow up/down.
At Visualisation, you can choose to display: surfaces, fences, basements, water, etc.
Via VisualisationStudio you can change background, switch on/off the floor, North
arrow, text head , well and well labels.
Page 5 / 22
Figure 3 Sedview window

All images shown by Sedview can be copied or exported to a file by File Export
image or Edit Copy image.
Page 6 / 22
4. PREPARE INPUT DATA AND COMMAND FILE

Data are input into Sedsim via the command file which can best be edited with
Wordpad/Word in Windows. For each simulation the command file tells Sedsim the
title of the simulation, essential parameters and optional processes included.
So far, the command file consists of 37 command sections. Seven of them are essential,
30 are optional depending on the depositional environments involved. All titles of
command sections must be spelt correctly and in uppercase; all parameters must be in a
fixed order but may use variable numbers of spaces between numerical values. The
order of the sections in the file is not important.
Instead of explaining the command sections and parameters one by one we will start
with the few most important. With those seven command sections right users can start
to run Sedsim immediately, then modify the remaining sections once some experience
is gained.
4.1 Essential command sections and input data
The essential command sections are: TITLE, TIME, GRID, SOURCES, SEDIMENTS,
ACCURACY FACTOR.
TITLE
This section contains one-line text usually about the name of simulation. There
is no length restriction on the text. But the line may not start with a # symbol.
In the command file, Sedsim considers any line starting with # as a
commentary and stops reading the rest of that line. By this arrangement users
can a) put notes or comments in the command file; b) switch on/off the optional
command sections (sedimentary processes).
TITLE
# One-line title /comment on experiment
Example File
#--------------------------------------------
(required)
TIME
The TIME section inputs the simulation start time, end time, display interval and
flow sampling interval. They are all in years.
TIME
#Time parameters
(required)
#
# Simulation start time [a]
End time [a]
0.0
20000.0
# Display interval [a]
Flow sampling interval [years]
1000.0
400.0
#--------------------------------------------------------
The display interval 1000.0 means that Sedsim outputs a simulation result every
thousand years. The flow sampling interval tells how often the fluid elements are
released from the sources. Usually, a larger sampling interval delivers faster
simulations.
Page 7 / 22
GRID
1
1
2
3
.
.
.
. . .
Columns
rows
The GRID section

defines
the
area
simulated. The first line
consists of the size of
square cell, the number
of rows and number of
columns. The second
line inputs x, y position
of the origin (lower-left
corner)
and
the
basement
level
in
metres.
Careful: The base level

Figure 4 Format of topographic file
elevation of
30.0
means that the sea level zero datum is at a topographic value of 30 m.
The last line in this section is the name of the topography file, which contains a
matrix of elevation (in metres) at each grid point. The order of the grid points is
demonstrated in Figure 4.
GRID
#Gridsize definitions and geometry
(required)
#
# Grid spacing [m]
Number of rows
Number of columns
1000.0
25
21
# Lower left (SW) corner coordinates
Base level elevation
0.0
0.0
30.0
# Topography grid file name
top_1000m1.top
#---------------------------------------------------------
SOURCES
This section defines the location and properties of sediment sources in the
simulation area.
Figure 5 Command lines of sediment sources

Careful:
a) SOURCES section must finish with a single * at the beginning of
the last line.
b) Location of source, defined by x and y, must be inside the simulation
area.
c) A simulation must have at least one source. However, either the start
or end time of a source may fall outwith the simulation time interval
defined in TIME section.
Page 8 / 22
SEDIMENTS
This section lists the physical properties of the four clastic sediment grain to be
input at the sources. The first line is the diameter of the grains (in millimetre),
the second line is the densities (kg/m3). The last line defines the sediment
transport mechanism, 1= suspended load, 0= bed-load.
Figure 6 The numbers in SEDIMENTS section

ACCURACY FACTOR
There is only one input number in this section. It determines to what percentage
accuracy the solution is solved to. Importantly a small accuracy does not
necessarily lead to longer runtimes as the solution stays more stable
(recommended=0.001, maximum=0.01).
4.2 Optional command sections with parameters
Other parameters may be modified in the optional command sections. When those
sections are switched off, Sedsim can still run by using the default values of those
essential parameters. Those sections are: DENSITIES, MANNING, SEDIMENT
TRANSPORT PARAMETERS, SLOPE ANGLES, POROSITY TABLE.
DENSITIES
Input (source, e.g.river) fluid and standing water densities (kg/m3) can be
specified in this section.
The default values are: 1015.0
1027.0.
MANNING
Input Manning coefficients for open-channel flow, hyperpycnal flow,
hypopycnal flow, and debris flows.
The default values are: 0.02, 0.01, 0.07, 0.08
Page 9 / 22
SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PARAMETERS

The parameters are: Sedimentation time step factor (sedimentation time step =
flow time step * sedimentation time step factor). Maximum depth of fluid
elements [m]. Minimum velocity of fluid elements [m/s]. Minimum ratio of
sediment load fluid element to average sediment load at source [kg/m3].
Basement hardness factor.
Default values:
1.0e4 1.0 0.05 0.10
1.0E2
SLOPE ANGLES
This section specifies the maximum slopes for each fraction of sediment (in ratio
of vertical to horizontal, dz/dx). The first line contains four maximum slopes of
submerged sediment for coarse, medium, fine, and finest grains respectively.
The second line is the maximum slopes for dry sediment. The third line is for
reworked sediment below sea level.
The two numbers in the fourth line are the maximum slopes of two types of
carbonate grains under sea level. The fifth line contains the slopes of two types
of carbonate grains above sea level.
The sixth line is the minimum slope of all fractions of sediment. The last line in
this section is the slope module calling interval in years.
SLOPE ANGLES
# Define maximum slope per grain size
(optional)#
# Max. slope of four grain sizes below sea level (dz/dx)
# Max. slope of four grain sizes above sea level (dz/dx)
# Max. slope of four reworked grain sizes below sea level
(dz/dx)
0.05
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
# max slope carb grains below sea level (dz/dx) 2 grains
# max slope carb grains above sea level (dz/dx) 2 grains
0.005 0.004
0.0001 0.0001
# Minimum slope (dz/dx)
# Slope module calling interval [years]
0.0001
100.0
#-------------------------------------------
Page 10 / 22
POROSITY TABLE
The table are used for sediment compaction. Details in Appendix A.
4.3 Optional command sections and input data

SEA LEVEL
This section inputs the name of the
sea level file. The format of the sea
level curve is shown in Figure 7.
Time
Time
Sea level
Sea level
Eustatic Sea Level

curve
year
0
The sea level can have an arbitrary

datum and the relation to the
simulation can be adjusted using
base level elevation in the GRID
section.
-25000
-50000
-75000
-1E+05
-120 m
-20
Figure 7 The format of sea level input file

Start time
End time
rows
TECTONICS
Columns
Sedsim
adjusts
the
subsidence
every
PARAMETRIC
SAMPLING
INTERVAL Typically
. . .
adjustment occurs every
. . . Start time End time
100 years. There is very
little
computational
expense for frequent
calling. Tectonics can be
turned on and off for
certain periods. Each
individual point can be
Figure 8 The format of tectonics input file
independently
moved
vertically. No extension,
compression or folding is considered. Note that the grid nodes in the tectonic file
are arranged the same as the topography file the first value is the relative
movement in metres of the SW corner of the simulation over the specified time
period. Positive is upward movement, Negative is downward.
Page 11 / 22
DEPOSIT
Input the name of a file which contains the sediment deposited prior to the
general simulation. For example, deposit_file.spc.
Careful: Do not switch on CONTINUE and DEPOSIT at the same time. i.e. run
only the first simulation of a series with DEPOSIT switched on. Subsequent runs
using CONTINUE will automatically pick up the underlying deposit.
Thickness of the sediment fraction (in metre)

row
column
layer
coarse medium fine
finest
organic 2 mean
rudist pelagic organic 1
porosity
. . .
. . .
Figure 9
The format of initial deposit file
CONTINUE
To continue a previous simulation you have to prepare a new command file,
with different name from the previous simulation. In this new command file the
CONTINUE command section must be switched on. In this section the first
number input is the start time of the previous simulation, then the second line
gives the name of the previous simulation.
Careful: a) the previous simulations GRAPH, TOT, and FLO files must be
available in the directory of the continued simulation; b) Keep DEPOSIT
command off if continuing a simulation
Page 12 / 22
Table 1 Brief explanation on some of the other optional command sections

Command word/words
BOUNDARY
BASEMENT STRUCTURE
COMPACTION
CARBONATES
CONTOUR CURRENT
FAST SIMULATION
INTERNAL GRID
INTERNAL TOPOGRAPHY GRID
ISOSTASY
PARAMETRIC SAMPLING
INTERVAL
SLOPE FAILURE
SLOPE PARAMETERS
SOURCE HEIGHTS
STORM
STORM REFRACTION
WELL LOCATIONS
WAVES
WAVE (HEIGHT)
WAVE (RATE)
WAVE REFRACTION
Function/Process
Provides two choices at N S E W
boundaries. 0= regular boundary, 1= wall
boundary (eg. Flume tank)
Provides layered sediment composition of
basement.
Syn-deposition compaction by overlying
sediment
Simulates carbonate growth process by
fuzzy logic.
Simulates the formation of deep ocean
contourites.
A simplified fluid element flow option for
simulations with large time and space scales
Allows a higher resolution area nested inside
the large simulation domain.
Provide the detailed topography in a nested
grid.
Simulates isostatic response as a function of
sediment loading/unloading
The interval to update sea level and tectonic
movement.
Simulates gravity flow and turbidites
deposition.
For sediment down-slope diffusion
Defines fluid element size
Simulate storm-induced cross-shore
sediment transport
Calculates the storm wave transformation
across the simulation area
Mark the position of wells or other markers
Give beach information i.e. berm height, sea
level fluctuation, etc
Wave-induce longshore sediment transport
model based on wave record (Short time
period)
Wave-induce longshore sediment transport
model based on a given general transport
rate (Geological time scale)
Wave transformation in shallow water.
Page 13 / 22
5. SEDSIM OUTPUT
When a simulation finishes successfully there are 8 to15 output files created. Those files
preserve the fluid element information, deposition/erosion record, sediment composition
at each layer, etc. Most output information can be displayed by Sedview graphically. In
addition to that, Sedsim allows users to directly read those data.
t1_1.TIME
t1_1.BAS
t1_1.FLO
t1_1.INFO
t1_1.MASBAL
t1_1.TOP
t1_1. GRAPH
t1_1.TOT
Information about the time progress of the simulation.

Basement elevation at each display time step.
Position of fluid elements at each display time step.
Simulation information, error messages.
Mass balance file, contains statistics of sediment budget.
Contains the topography surface at each display time step.
The main output file, contains sediment records at each cell and
each layer. It can be converted to a .cif file and displayed by
Sedview.
The tectonic output file, used with GRAPH file to create a .cif
file.
Page 14 / 22
6. REFERENCES
Griffiths, C. M., Dyt, C., Paraschivoiu, E., and Liu, K., 2001 - Sedsim in Hydrocarbon
Exploration. In Merriam, D., Davis, J. C. (Eds) Geologic Modelling and
Simulation. Kluwer Academic, New York, 2001.
Martinez, P., Harbaugh, J. W., 1993 - Simulating nearshore environments. Pergamon
Press, New York.
Press, W. H., Flannery, B. P., Teukolsky, S. A., and Vetterling, W. T., 1992 - Numerical
Recipes. The art of scientific computing. Cambridge University Press.
Tetzlaff, D.M., Harbaugh, J.W., 1989 - Simulating clastic sedimentation; computer
methods in geosciences, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
Page 15 / 22
APPENDIX A: A COMPLETE COMMAND FILE

(with all essential and optional processes)
###############################################################
#
Required parameters section
#
##############################################################
# Sedsim7.01 input file
TITLE
# One-line title / comment on experiment
(required)
#
Example File- two sources, no carbonates, no waves
#
# Include general comments about what modules are turned on and
# what is different in this simulation than previous iterations here
#
#---------------------------------------------------------TIME
# Time parameters
(required)
#
# Simulation start time [years]
End time [years]
0.0
20000.0
#
Use negative value to represent time BC. Eg a simulation from 21Ma to 19.6 Ma
should be written as
# -21000000 -19600000
# Display interval [years]
Flow sampling interval [years]
1000.0
400.0
# Display interval decides how often the results files are updated
# Flow sampling interval decides how often fluid elemnets are released from the source
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------GRID
# Grid size definitions and geometry
#
# Grid spacing [m]
Number of rows
Number of columns
1000.0
25
21
# Lower left (SW) corner coordinates
Base level elevation
0.0
0.0
30.0
# Topography grid file name
top_1000m1.top
#
#--------------------------------------------------------SEDIMENTS
# Sediment Parameters
(required)
#
# Line 1: Diameter of each grain size
[mm]
# Line 2: Density of each grain size
[kg/m3]
# Line 3: 1 - suspension (normal type), 0 - bed load (new)
#
# pebble 4-64 mm, granule 2-4 mm, vcse 1-2 mm, cse 0.5-1 mm, med 0.25-0.5 mm,
# fn 0.125-0.25, vfn 0.062-0.125 mm, slt 0.0039-0.062 mm, clay < 0.0039 mm
#
#
Coarse
Medium
Fine
Finest
0.3
0.15
0.07
0.0004
2650.00
2650.00
2650.00
2650.00
1
1
1
1
#--------------------------------------------------------SOURCES
# Guide to flow regime input:
#
A. V (m/s)
#
From Hjulstrom(1939) we get:
#
Taken from Krumbein &Sloss 1963) p.203
#
# The depositional flow threshold seems to be
#
#
V (m/s) < 4.49e-07 + 0.01d(mm)+ 9.92e-06d^2 -8.983e-07d^3
#
# Erosional threshold for bed sediments below and including 0.1mm grain size
#
#
V (m/s) > 0.0062145 * d(mm)^-0.5
#
# For grain sizes over and including 0.1mm
#
#
V(m/s)= 0.020-0.00116*d +0.001d^2 -1.03e-05d^3
(R^2=1)
#
# Another rule of thumb from Ackers(1964) quoted by Schumm(1987)p.173
Page 16 / 22
# only for discharges below 0.2 m3/s

#
is
V(m/s)
= 1.92Q(m3/s)^0.15
#
or
Q(m3/s) = 0.0129*V(m/s)^6.67
#
# velocity as a function of discharge (Tetlaff and Harbaugh, 1989, p.58)
# for a slope of 0.01 (0.6deg)
v = 0.33842Q^0.36937
# for a slope of 0.001 (0.06deg)
v = 0.22543Q^0.32191
#
# B. Q (m3/s)
# From Allen 1970 p.128 we get the relationship
#
Q(m3/s) = 5.17e-05*Slope^-2.27
# for the flow boundary between braided and meandering streams (for
# a given slope a higher discharge than Q gives braided streams, lower gives
# meandering streams). This can be used to give a rough ball-park check
# on discharge for a given channellized slope.
#
# C. concentration 'c' (kg/m3)
#
Typical concentration values for natural river systems are:
#
0.16 kg/m3 (Colorado river - higher discharge)
#
1.6 kg/m3 (Niobrara river - lower discharge )
#
#
Schumm used concentrations of around 0.44 kg/m3 with flume
#
slopes of 0.008(0.45deg) and discharge rates of 0.0057 m3/s
#
in river channel experiments.
#
For fan-delta experiments he used 114 kg/m3 with a median grain size of
#
0.005 and0.5mm
# Definition of sources that are constant throughout the experiment (required)
# One line per source, entries are:
# Source location
(x,y)
[m]
# Velocity at source
(vx,vy)
[m/sec]
# Discharge rate
(Q)
[m3/sec]
# Sediment concentration
(c)
[kg/m3]
# Sediment composition
(C coarse,
[%]
#
M medium,
#
F fine,
#
FF finest)
#
# Source ID#
t1
t2
x
y
vx
vy
Q
c
%C
%M
%F
%FF
# (A) source
1
0
20000
5550
2050
-0.0
0.1
12.0 0.4
10.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
# (B) source
2
0
20000
12550
2550
-0.0
0.1
12.0 0.4
10.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
*
######################################################################
# Additional module parameters (modules will not run if not included)
##################################################################
#---------------------------------------------------------SOURCE HEIGHTS
# list ends in '*'
# flow types 0=normal 1=turbidite 2=debris flow
# for debris flows the concentration must be high enough, otherwise will
# transition to a turbidite (default transition at 60 kg/m3)
#
# source ID# flow height(m)
flow type
1
1.0
0
2
1.0
0
*
#-------------------------------------------------------#CONTINUE
# Continue a previous experiment
(optional)
# Give the start time of the initial simulation
-140000.0
# Name of the inital simulation without .sif extention
# if a fine grid is present, the name of the previous initial simulation
samplerun1
samplerun_fine
#-------------------------------------------------------FAST SIMULATION
# This uses an approximation to the fluid dynamics. Under testing at present,
# but very fast
#---------------------------------------------------------#INTERNAL GRID
# experiment name for the internal grid.
Page 17 / 22
ss8_3_res250
# x,y location of the grid (SW corner)
26000 22000
# grid spacing(m), number of fine row, number of columns
250
41
41
#----------------------------------------------------------#DEPOSIT
# Sediment deposited prior to this run. Do not
(optional)
# CONTINUE and DEPOSIT at the same time. Sediment initailly deposited will
# be recorded anyway
# <deposit_file>.spc
#
# Deposit file name
bigfatinitiallayer.spc
#----------------------------------------------------------#INTERNAL TOPOGRAPHY GRID
# topography grid file name.
(optional)
# If you have the internal grid turned on, you can specify the initail surface
# if you don't do this, one will be genrated from the coarse grid
xxx.top
#
#----------------------------------------------------------WELL LOCATIONS
# locations in meters from sedsim-grid origin (draws them in sedview)
# X Y
# well name
5550 2050 source_1
12550 2550 source_2
6834 14964 sedsim_a
7324 18300 explore_1
14000 14964 produce_1
* end of well data
#----------------------------------------------------------#SLOPE FAILURE
# Parameters for calculating slope failure
(optional)
#
# Slope angles should be greater than that set in the SLOPE section.
# Typical turbidite volume concentrations : Bagnold maximum of C=0.09
# and those referred to in Piper and Savoye (1993) for the Var fans of
# 0.015 to 0.12 refer to volume concentration. Thus 0.1 volume concentration
# for a sediment of density 2650 kg/m3 , c = 265 kg/m3
# and for C = 0.05, c=132 kg/m3
#
# Maximum Subaerial and Marine slope before failure can occur
(dz/dx) (dz/dx)
# Minimum and maximum height allowed to fail(m) (bigger heights will be split into
multiple fluid elements)
# Concentrations slumped material after release (kg/m^3)
# Concentration of the material where it transitions from a debris flow to a tubidite
(kg/m^3)
0.002 0.05
0.5
5.0
100.0
60.0
#--------------------------------------------------------#CONTOUR CURRENT
# current calling interval [a]
10.0
# starting time, ending time [a]
# maximum and minimum elevation where current occurs [m]
# flow rotation clockwise=1, counter-clockwise=-1,decide-by-code=0
# maximum near bottom flow strength m/s
# the latitude at Lower left (SW) corner, + North, - South [degree]
# sediment supply condition, supply 1, No-supply=0
# current supplied source sediment combination sum=1
#
# t1
t2
maxd
mind
clockwise
velocity (m/s)
lat supply %C
%M
%F
%FF %rudist %pelagic %org1 %org2
#
0
10000
-500
-600
1
0.2
-40
1
10.0
80.0
10
0
0
0
0
0
10000000 29000000
-200
-350
-1
0.27
40
1
10.0
80.0
10
0
0
0
0
0
*
#--------------------------------------------------------#CIRCULATION (CYCLIC)
# This module allows the input of external current data. the format for the
#input file is
Page 18 / 22
#
header line
#
x velocities -one for each grid point in standard matrix format
#
header line
#
y velocity -one for each grid point in standard matrix format
#
header line
#
r value -related to how much local stress is on the sea bed
#
(r lifts sediment -velocities move it)
# Frequency factor controls Circulation calling interval.
# The bigger the factor the longer the interval
# files will cycle until the end of the simulation
# astrix ends input list
# duration [years], frequency factor, input_file_name
20.0 10.0 Current_u_v_r.dat
30.0 10.0 Current_u_v_r_2.dat
*
#--------------------------------------------------------#CIRCULATION (LINEAR)
# This module allows the input of external current data. the format for the
#input file is
#
header line
#
x velocities -one for each grid point in standard matrix format
#
header line
#
y velocity -one for each grid point in standard matrix format
#
header line
#
r value -related to how much local stress is on the sea bed
#
(r lifts sediment -velocities move it)
# Frequency factor controls Circulation calling interval.
# The bigger the factor the longer the interval
# astrix ends input list
# start_time, end_time, frequency factor, input_file_name
2003 2023
10.0 Current_u_v_r.dat
2023 2053
10.0 Current_u_v_r_2.dat
*
#----------------------------------------------------------#STORM
# Provide frequency and individual storm parameters (optional)
#
# Angle of mean storm direction
[deg]
# Deviation of the storm direction [deg]
# Significant storm waveheight
[m]
# Duration of storm
[h]
# Mean storm return time
[y] (put 0.0 if exact storm records known)
240.0
0.0
2.0
5.0
0.0
#if the Mean storm return time is set as 0.0, then continue read
#exact time when storm happened
# The four columns in storm data file contain
# Time[year]
Incidence angle[deg]
Height[m] Duration[hour]
WIND_WAVEhourly_92_97.stm
#---------------------------------------------------------#STORM REFRACTION
# Calculate STORMs refraction,diffraction and breaking over the coastal region.
#
(optional)
# Dip direction of the gereral shoreline
[0.0 ~ 360.0][deg]
270.0
#---------------------------------------------------------#WAVES
# This module must be turned on to run any form of waves
# In addition, ONE of the FOUR other wave module must be turned on to run waves
# The other four modules are in order of complexity
# WAVE (RATE)
# WAVE (HEIGHT)
# WAVE (GRID-CYCLIC)
# WAVE (GRID-LINEAR)
# in addition
# WAVE REFRACTION may be turned on with WAVE (HEIGHT) or WAVE (RATE)
#
# Sediment supply conditions at 4 Boundaries
# The Non-supply condition represents the rocky cliff shoreline
# where waves can not transport sediment into the simulation area.
# The normal condition represents normal sandy or mudy beach, sediment
# can be transported into the simulation area.
# South
East
North
West
1==Normal, 0=No supply
1
1
1
1
#
# Berm height [m]
# Minimum mobile bed thickness [m]
Page 19 / 22
#
#
#
#
Residual thickness for deficit of erosion [m]

Amplitude of local sea level fluctuation [m]
Depth of mobile bed [m]
Wind Shadow [m]
0.2
0.01
0.0001
0.5 0.02 0.0
# Note on Wind Shadow: this is the distance of the wind shadow created by land.
# Entering 0.0 will result in an infinitely long shadow
# Any distance less than or equal to 1 grid cell will result in all sea areas being
exposed to waves
#
#---------------------------------------------------------#WAVE (RATE)
# Note: WAVES module must also be turned on
# Note: All angles are specified by
#
N (0 or 360)
#
|
#
|
# (270) W-----------E (90)
#
|
#
|
#
S (180)
#
# Input:
# Angle of incidence[deg]
# Transport rate[m3/sec]
# Wave base[m]
#
110
0.0000002 5.0
#---------------------------------------------------------#WAVE (HEIGHT)
# Enter a file name with the wave data
# The file contains
# Time[a], Angle of incidence[deg], Significant wave height(m),
#
N (0 or 360)
#
|
#
|
# (270) W-----------E (90)
#
|
#
|
#
S (180)
# The following is a example of the format
#
1990.00
180.0
2.0
#
1990.25
270.0
2.0
#
1990.30
360.0
2.0
WIND_WAVEhourly_92_97.wav
#---------------------------------------------------------# WAVE (GRID-CYCLIC)
# Enter a list of time durations[year] and a filename containing wave data
# The list terminates in a *
# After all the files have been read, the list will repeat
# Each file contains the
# Significant wave height[m] and Angle of incidence[deg] in block format e.g.
#
j=1
j=number of columns
#
Hs(1,1) Hs(1,2)..........Hs(1,numcol)
#
...
...
......... ...
#
...
...
......... ...
#
...
...
......... ...
#
Hs(numrow,1) ............Hs(numrow,numcol)
#
Ang(1,1) Ang(1,2)..........Ang(1,numcol)
#
...
...
......... ...
#
...
...
......... ...
#
...
...
......... ...
#
Ang(numrow,1) ............Ang(numrow,numcol)
#
N (0 or 360)
#
|
#
|
# (270) W-----------E (90)
#
|
#
|
#
S (180)
#
# 0.125 WIND_WAVEdec_jan_feb.wvs
# 0.25 WIND_WAVEmar_apr.may.wvs
Page 20 / 22
# 0.25 WIND_WAVEjun_jul_aug.wvs
# 0.25 WIND_WAVEsep_oct_nov.wvs
# 0.125 WIND_WAVEdec_jan_feb.wvs
# *
#---------------------------------------------------------#WAVE (GRID-LINEAR)
# Enter a list of start time[year] and end time[year] and a filename containing wave
data
# the list terminates in a *
# After all the files have been read, the list will repeat
# Each file contains the
# Significant wave height[m] and Angle of incidence[deg] in block format e.g.
#
j=1
j=number of columns
#
Hs(1,1) Hs(1,2)..........Hs(1,numcol)
#
...
...
......... ...
#
...
...
......... ...
#
...
...
......... ...
#
Hs(numrow,1) ............Hs(numrow,numcol)
#
Ang(1,1) Ang(1,2)..........Ang(1,numcol)
#
...
...
......... ...
#
...
...
......... ...
#
...
...
......... ...
#
Ang(numrow,1) ............Ang(numrow,numcol)
#Note: All angles are specified by
#
N (0 or 360)
#
|
#
|
# (270) W-----------E (90)
#
|
#
|
#
S (180)
#
# 2005.000 2005.125 WIND_WAVEdec_jan_feb.wvs
# 2005.125 2005.375 WIND_WAVEmar_apr_may.wvs
# 2005.375 2005.625 WIND_WAVEjun_jul_aug.wvs
# 2005.625 2005.875 WIND_WAVEsep_oct_nov.wvs
# *
#----------------------------------------------------------#WAVE REFRACTION
# Calculate wave,refraction, diffraction and breaking over the coastal region
#
(optional)
# Dip direction of the gereral shoreline
[0.0 ~ 360.0][deg]
#
270.0
#-------------------------------------------------------------SEA LEVEL
# Define sea level curve
(optional)
#
# Sea level curve file
sea1_1Ma.sl
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------#BASEMENT STRUCTURE
#name of the basement structure file (dep file)
xxx.DEP
#-------------------------------------------------------------TECTONICS
# Define tectonic movement
(optional)
#
# Tectonic movement file name
halfMa_1000m1.tec
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------#COMPACTION
# Enable compaction module; no parameters
(optional)
#-------------------------------------------------------------#ISOSTASY
Page 21 / 22
# Calculate isostatic subsidence

(optional)
#
# Mantle density [kg/m3]
Flexural rigidity [Nm2] Calling interval [y]
3500
1.0E23
1000
#----------------------------------------------------------#CARBONATES
# Parameters for calculating carbonate development
(optional)
# (It is strongly recomended that waves are turned on with this module)
# calling interval (years)
100
# carb grain size diameter (one for each grain) for when the stuff is busted up
0.3 0.3
# carb grain density (one for each grain)
2050.00 2050.00
# Carbonate hardness factor(how much harder than sediment is it to erode)
10
# temperature file (this is a list of year, surface temperature[degrees C])
# eg 2005
27.0
#
2005.2 27.2
#
2005.7 30.0 etc.
# This line is ignored if TEMPERATURE GRID is used
#
yampi_1Ma.tpt
#
#----------------------------------------------------------#EXPERT CARBONATES
#
# Use this if the default settings of the carbontaes need modifying.
#
# the format for defining membership functions is
# function_name codevariable xpoint1 ypoint1 xpoint2 ypoint2 xpoint3 ypoint3 etc
#
# function_name - user defined variable name
# code_variable - must be one of the key words
#
growth - defines the function as a output membership function controlling
carbonate growth rate [m/yr]
#
depth - water depth [m]
#
current - current velocity in the area - you must have circulation turned on)[m/s]
#
shore - distance in metres to the shoreline[m]
#
rivdist - distance to the nearest fluid element or river source [m]
#
sedrate - sediment rate [m/year]
#
temp - surface temperature[degrees celcius]
#
expo - a measure of the degree of shelter an ocean point has, values around 1-2
give a relatively open water source
#
land will give a very high value around 10, A completely sheltered deep
piece of water will give a value of -0.7
#
a very open, shallow piece of water will give a value of around 5.5
#
note: if you have waves on, and a non zero wind shadow, this will increase
the exposure to some degree
#
carbdist - distance to nearest carbonate reef [m]
#
salinity - degree of salinity in the system (defined in a SALINITY section) [ppm]
#
tidspd - maximum velocity of the tide (defined in a file in the TIDAL SPEED
section) [m/s]
#
valley - the normalise number of surrounding points uphill from the reference
point
#
(calclated from all grid points within two grid cells)
#
-1 = all points downhill, 1 = all points uphill [-1,1]
#
gradient - the average gradient of the point (calclated from all grid points
within two grid cells)
#
negative value indicates that most surrounding points are downhill from
the point)
# xpoint ypoint - coordinates describing the shape of the membership function. ypoint
must be between 0 and 1.
#
see below for examples
#
# membership functions
# highexposure
expo
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
# littlesed
sedrate
0.0005
1.0
0.001
0.0
# vlittlesed
sedrate 0.00005
1.0
0.0001
0.0
# shallow
depth
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
15.0 1.0
25.0 0.0
# abovecarbcomp
depth
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0 2000.0 1.0 5000.0 0.0
# medtodepwat4
depth
20.0
0.0
50.0
1.0
# medtodepwat3
depth
20.0
0.0
50.0
1.0
65.0 1.0
105.0 0.0
# awayfromriver rivdist 10000.0
0.0 25000.0
1.0
# warmtohot
temp
18.0
0.0
20.0
1.0
28.0 1.0 33.0 0.0
# temptowarm
temp
12.0
0.0
14.0
1.0
20.0 1.0 22.0 0.0
Page 22 / 22
# fastcurrents current
0.5
0.0
1.0
1.0
# normsalin
salinity
0.0
0.0
3.3
1.0
3.5 1.0
3.6 0.0
# farfromshore
shore
500.0
0.0
1000.0
1.0
# closetoreef carbdist
0.0
1.0
10.0
0.0
# slow_growth
growth
0.0
0.0
5.0e-4
1.0
# v_slow_growth growth
0.0
0.0
4.0e-5
1.0
# vv_slow_growth growth
0.0
0.0
1.0e-5
1.0
# *
#
# the format for defining fuzzy rules is
# carbonate_type = output_function_name = input_function_name1 and input_function_name2
and etc
# carbonate_type - must be one of "reef" "benthic" or "plancktonic"
# output_function_name - must be one of the output functions defined earlier (with
code_variable "growth")
# input_function_name - must be one of the functions defined earlier (without the
# rules
# reefs
= slow_growth
= warmtohot and awayfromriver and vlittlesed and
highexposure and shallow
# benthics
= v_slow_growth = temptowarm and awayfromriver and littlesed and
highexposure and abovecarbcomp and medtodepwat3
# planktonics = vv_slow_growth = temptowarm and awayfromriver and littlesed and
# *
#
#
#
highexposure
expo
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
littlesed
sedrate
0.0005
1.0
0.001
0.0
vlittlesed
sedrate 0.00005
1.0
0.0001
0.0
shallow
depth
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
15.0 1.0
25.0 0.0
abovecarbcomp
depth
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0 2000.0 1.0 5000.0 0.0
medtodepwat4
depth
20.0
0.0
50.0
1.0
medtodepwat3
depth
20.0
0.0
50.0
1.0
65.0 1.0
105.0 0.0
awayfromriver rivdist 10000.0
0.0 25000.0
1.0
warmtohot
temp
18.0
0.0
20.0
1.0
28.0 1.0 33.0 0.0
temptowarm
temp
12.0
0.0
14.0
1.0
20.0 1.0 22.0 0.0
slow_growth
growth
0.0
0.0
5.0e-4
1.0
v_slow_growth growth
0.0
0.0
4.0e-5
1.0
vv_slow_growth growth
0.0
0.0
1.0e-5
1.0
*
# rules
reefs
= slow_growth
benthics
= v_slow_growth = temptowarm and awayfromriver and littlesed and
planktonics = vv_slow_growth = temptowarm and awayfromriver and littlesed and
*
#----------------------------------------------------------#TIDAL SPEED
# this module is used in conjunction with organics and carbonate growth. (when tidspd
is specified)
# the file contains the typical file speeds for each grid location
filename.tid
#----------------------------------------------------------#SALINITY
# this module is used in conjunction with organics and carbonate growth. (when salinity
is specified)
# the file contains the typical slainity values for each grid location
filename.sal
#----------------------------------------------------------#TEMPERATURE GRID
# this module is used in conjunction with organics and carbonate growth. (when
temperature is specified)
# the file contains the surface temperature values for each grid location
# when this file module is used, the temperature file specified in ORGANICS or
CARBONATES is not used
filename.tpt
#----------------------------------------------------------#ORGANICS
# Parameters for calculating the growth of organic material
(optional)
100
# carb grain size diameter (one for each grain) for when the stuff is busted up
Page 23 / 22
0.3 0.3
# carb grain density (one for each grain)
2050.00 2050.00
# temperature file (not needed if already listed in Carbonates section)
yampi_1Ma.tpt
#
#----------------------------------------------------------#EXPERT ORGANICS
#
# Use this if the default settings of the carbontaes need modifying.
#
# the format for defining membership functions is
# function_name codevariable xpoint1 ypoint1 xpoint2 ypoint2 xpoint3 ypoint3 etc
#
# function_name - user defined variable name
# code_variable - must be one of the key words
#
growth - defines the function as a output membership function controlling
carbonate growth rate
#
depth - water depth
#
current - current velocity in the area - you must have circulation turned on)
#
shore - distance in metres to the shoreline
#
rivdist - distance in metres to the nearest fluid element or river source
#
sedrate - sediment rate in m/year
#
temp - temperature in degrees celcius
#
expo - a measure of the degree of shelter an ocean point has, values around 1 give
a relatively open water source
#
land will give a very high value around 10, A completely sheltered deep
piece of water will give a value of -0.7
#
a very open, shallow piece of water will give a value of around 5.5
#
note: if you have waves on, and a non zero wind shadow, this will increase
the exposure to some degree
#
carbdist - distance to nearest carbonate reef
#
salinity - degree of salinity in the system (defined in a file in the SALINITY
section)
#
tidspd - maximum velocity of the tide (defined in a file in the TIDAL SPEED
section)
#
valley - the normalise number of surrounding points uphill from the reference
point
#
(calclated from all grid points within two grid cells)
#
-1 = all points downhill, 1 = all points uphill [-1,1]
#
gradient - the average gradient of the point (calclated from all grid points
within two grid cells)
#
negative value indicates that most surrounding points are downhill from
the point)
# xpoint ypoint - coordinates describing the shape of the membership function. ypoint
must be between 0 and 1.
#
see below for examples
#
# highexposure
expo
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
# littlesed
sedrate
0.0005
1.0
0.001
0.0
# vlittlesed
sedrate 0.00005
1.0
0.0001
0.0
# shallow
depth
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
15.0 1.0
25.0 0.0
# abovecarbcomp
depth
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0 2000.0 1.0 5000.0 0.0
# medtodepwat4
depth
20.0
0.0
50.0
1.0
# medtodepwat3
depth
20.0
0.0
50.0
1.0
65.0 1.0
105.0 0.0
# awayfromriver rivdist 10000.0
0.0 25000.0
1.0
# warmtohot
temp
18.0
0.0
20.0
1.0
28.0 1.0 33.0 0.0
# temptowarm
temp
12.0
0.0
14.0
1.0
20.0 1.0 22.0 0.0
# fastcurrents current
0.5
0.0
1.0
1.0
# normsalin
salinity
0.0
0.0
3.3
1.0
3.5 1.0
3.6 0.0
# farfromshore
shore
500.0
0.0
1000.0
1.0
# closetoreef carbdist
0.0
1.0
10.0
1.0
# slow_growth
growth
0.0
0.0
5.0e-4
1.0
# v_slow_growth growth
0.0
0.0
4.0e-5
1.0
# vv_slow_growth growth
0.0
0.0
1.0e-5
1.0
# *
#
# the format for defining fuzzy rules is
# organic_type = output_function_name = input_function_name1 and input_function_name2
and etc
# organic_type - must be one of "coal" "green_algae" or "zoo_benthos"
# output_function_name - must be one of the output functions defined earlier (with
# input_function_name - must be one of the functions defined earlier (without the
Page 24 / 22
# rules
# coal
= slow_growth
# green_algae = slow_growth
= temptowarm and awayfromriver and shallow
# zoo_benthos = slow_growth
= cool and mediumdepth
# *
#
highexposure
expo
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
littlesed
sedrate
0.0005
1.0
0.001
0.0
vlittlesed
sedrate 0.00005
1.0
0.0001
0.0
shallow
depth
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
15.0 1.0
25.0 0.0
abovecarbcomp
depth
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0 2000.0 1.0 5000.0 0.0
medtodepwat4
depth
20.0
0.0
50.0
1.0
medtodepwat3
depth
20.0
0.0
50.0
1.0
65.0 1.0
105.0 0.0
awayfromriver rivdist 10000.0
0.0 25000.0
1.0
warmtohot
temp
18.0
0.0
20.0
1.0
28.0 1.0 33.0 0.0
temptowarm
temp
12.0
0.0
14.0
1.0
20.0 1.0 22.0 0.0
slow_growth
growth
0.0
0.0
5.0e-4
1.0
v_slow_growth growth
0.0
0.0
4.0e-5
1.0
vv_slow_growth growth
0.0
0.0
1.0e-5
1.0
*
# rules
coal
= slow_growth
green_algae = slow_growth
= temptowarm and awayfromriver and shallow
zoo_benthos = slow_growth
= cool and mediumdepth
*
##################################################################
# Optional parameters section. Defaults will be used if not entered
###############################################################
#-------------------------------------------------------ACCURACY FACTOR
# accuracy determines to what percentage accuracy the solution is solved to.
# importantly a small accuracy does not necessarily lead to longer runtimes
# as the solution stays more stable recommended=0.001 maximum=0.01
0.001
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------BOUNDARY
#specify the boundary types for the coarse grid. (optional)
# 0 = regular boundary 1= insert a wall to prevent sediment and fluid loss
# without this section the default is regular boundaries
# North South East West
0
0
0
0
#-------------------------------------------------------DENSITIES
# Water densities
(optional)
# fresh water 1000.0 kg/m3, sea water with 30000ppm NaCl 1027 kg/m3
# density of fluid entering the system [kg/m3] sea density [kg/m3]
1015.0
1027.0
#---------------------------------------------------------PARAMETRIC SAMPLING INTERVAL
#
(optional)
#
# This should be seen in relation to temporal resolution - ie. think aliasing
# Sampling interval for sea-level and tectonics [y]
100.0
#---------------------------------------------------------SLOPE ANGLES
# Define maximum slope per grain size
(optional)
#
#tg(1.0)=0.017; tg(2.0)=0.035
#
# a rough guide to appropriate slopes derived from deltas around the world:
# slope(deg)=0.4+0.5log(sand/shale ratio)
#
# Example slopes:
# a. based on sand/shale ratio for ratios 0.2-0.8 - use Sabesi equation :
#
slope (gradient) = tan(0.4 + 0.52 log(sand/shale ratio))
# b. based on median grain size #
from Dean(1983) quoted in Olsen 1990 p.38 (NTH Diplom)
#
h(x) = Ax^m
# where :
#
A =0.24 + 0.254*log(d50mm)
#
m= 2/3
# Modified by Griffiths (1993) to agree more closely with
Page 25 / 22
#
Short(1979)'s observations as below.
#
(Short noted that 0.5mm+ gave 5-6deg, 0.25-0.5mm gave between 1.5-5.5,
# and <0.25 mm gave less than 1.5deg)
# Therefore to give a slope in degrees from a grain size
# between 0.1 and 50 mm use
#
Slope(deg) = atan(((0.28 + 0.23*log(d mm))*100^(2/3))/100)
#or
#
Slope(gradient) = ((0.28+ 0.23*log(d mm))*100^(2/3))/100
#
# Max. slope of four grain sizes below sea level (dz/dx)
# Max. slope of four grain sizes above sea level (dz/dx)
# Max. slope of four reworked grain sizes below sea level (dz/dx)
0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01
0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.0005
# max slope carb grains below sea level (dz/dx) 2 grains
# max slope carb grains above sea level (dz/dx) 2 grains
0.005 0.004
0.0001 0.0001
# Minimum slope (dz/dx)
# Slope module calling interval [years]
0.0001
100.0
#----------------------------------------------------------SLOPE PARAMETERS
# Parameters for calculating equilibrium slope
(optional)
#
# Number of diffusion cycles during one pass
# Maximum number of iterations per diffusion cycle
# Diffusion residual [m]
4 1000 0.0001
#-------------------------------------------------------SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PARAMETERS
# Limiting factors for sediment transport
(optional)
#
# Sedimentation time step factor (sedimentation time step =
#
flow time step * sedimentation time step factor)
# Maximum depth of fluid elements
[m]
# Minimum velocity of fluid elements [m/s]
# Minimum ratio of sediment load fluid element to average sediment
# load at source
[kg/m3]
# Basement hardness factor
1.0e4
1.0
0.05
0.10
1.0E2
#---------------------------------------------------------MANNING
# Manning's coefficients
(optional)
#
# Coefficient for open-channel flow
# Coefficient for hyperpycnal flow
# Coefficient for hypopycnal flow
# Coefficient for debris flow
#default: 0.020
0.010
0.070 0.080
0.020
0.010
0.070 0.080
#-------------------------------------------------------------POROSITY TABLE
# Porosity function
(optional)
#
# Number of entries in effective pressure look-up table
6
# Effective pressure look-up table [MPa]
0.0
10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0
# Number of entries in fine-to-coarse-ratio look-up table
12
# Fine-to-coarse-ratio look-up table
0.0
0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.65 0.85 1.0
# Porosity look-up table
# must have the size of (pressures*ratios)
# rows: constant fine-to-coarse ratio
# columns: constant effective pressure
0.39 0.36 0.35 0.34 0.33 0.32
0.36 0.33 0.31 0.30 0.295 0.29
0.34 0.31 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.25
0.335 0.28 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20
0.35 0.25 0.21 0.19 0.18 0.17
0.36 0.26 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.14
0.39 0.27 0.21 0.17 0.15 0.13
Page 26 / 22
0.43
0.48
0.53
0.58
0.61
*
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
#
0.31
0.34
0.39
0.44
0.47
0.24
0.27
0.31
0.35
0.37
0.18
0.22
0.24
0.27
0.29
0.16
0.18
0.21
0.22
0.24
0.12
0.14
0.17
0.19
0.20
Linear weighting coefficients for 4 grain sizes:

r=Sum(h*w))/Sum(h)
r fine-to-coarse ratio
h thickness of individual grain size
w linear weighting coefficient of individual grain size
8 coefficients:
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.0
*** End of example input file ***
Page 27 / 22
APPENDIX B: A typical Topography file (25 x 21)

82.7
78
74
70.2
65.3
58.3
49.2
39.1
30
22.4
16.7
13.3
10.9
8.1
4.4
-0.2
-4.4
-17.6
-17.6
-17.6
-17.6
-17.6
-30.6
-63.9
-97.3
82.1
77.3
73.8
71.2
66.8
59
47
33.9
25.5
19.3
13.5
10.8
8.4
5.8
3.8
-1
-5.1
-18.1
-18.1
-18.1
-18.1
-18.1
-20.4
-64.3
-98
81.8 81.6 81.5 81.4 81.5 81.7 81.6 81.2 80.3

79 77.5 76.3 76.1 76.6 76.6 76.6 76.6 76.6 76.6
77.1 77.1 77.1 77.2 77.3 77.7 77.8 77.3 76.2 74.9 73.4 72.5 72.3 72.8 74.7 74.7 74.7 74.7 74.7
73.9
74 74.1
74
74 74.2 74.3 73.7 72.5
71 69.7
69 68.9 69.1 69.9 69.9 69.9 69.9 69.9
71.4 71.5 71.4 71.3 71.1 70.8 70.6
70 68.8 66.9 64.8 64.3 64.6 64.8 65.8 65.8 65.8 65.8 65.8
66.8 66.8 66.7 66.5 66.3 66.1 65.7 65.1 63.8
61 57.8 57.1
58 58.8 60.8 60.8 60.8 60.8 60.8
57.9 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.7 58.1 58.3 57.8 55.8
53 48.5 48.9 50.2 51.7
54
54
54
54
54
43.8 42.1 42.1 43.2 44.9 47.5 49.8 49.1
46 42.5 40.3 39.7 41.6 43.5 47.1 47.1 47.1 47.1 47.1
29.7 26.8 28.6 32.7 37.2 38.2 37.1 34.8 34.4
36 35.7 34.2 34.9 37.3 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4 39.4
20.9 19.6 20.6
23 27.7 29.4
27 24.6 30.5 33.8 29.5 27.5 30.1 32.5 34.3 34.3 34.3 34.3 34.3
15.9 14.1 14.1 15.4 19.8 21.2
19 19.5 22.7 24.6
21 19.2
26 30.1 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8 28.8
11.2 9.5 9.9 11.7 14.4 14.5
12 11.4 13.9 14.4 14.7 16.9 19.7 21.5 26.5 26.5 26.5 26.5 26.5
7.6 6.2 7.6
10 11.8 10.8 8.1 7.5 9.6 10.2
11 13.6 14.4 15.1 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.8
4.7 3.6 6.1 8.9 9.6 7.8 5.7 5.7 5.7 5.8 6.4 8.1 9.4 9.6 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4 11.4
2.8 1.5 4.3 5.4 4.1 3.3
3 5.3
2 2.7 3.7 3.5 3.8 4.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2
1.7 0.7 1.7 0.5
-1 -1.3 0.7 1.2 -2.2 0.3 -0.8 -1.1 -0.9 -0.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9
-1 -1.2 -1.5 -2.5 -2.8 -2.9
-3 -4.3 -5.6 -5.5 -4.9 -5.7 -4.4 -5.1 -3.1 -3.1 -3.1 -3.1 -3.1
-4.7 -4.5 -5.8 -5.3 -5.6 -5.9 -6.4 -7.8 -8.8 -7.8
-8 -7.6 -9.2 -9.1 -7.9 -7.9 -7.9 -7.9 -7.9
-8.6 -7.6 -9.6 -8.3 -10.3 -10.4 -11 -12.1 -11.5 -11.4 -12.6 -12.1 -12.5 -12.6 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7
-8.6 -7.6 -9.6 -8.3 -10.3 -10.4 -11 -12.1 -11.5 -11.4 -12.6 -12.1 -12.5 -12.6 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7
-8.6 -7.6 -9.6 -8.3 -10.3 -10.4 -11 -12.1 -11.5 -11.4 -12.6 -12.1 -12.5 -12.6 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7
-8.6 -7.6 -9.6 -8.3 -10.3 -10.4 -11 -12.1 -11.5 -11.4 -12.6 -12.1 -12.5 -12.6 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7
-8.6 -7.6 -9.6 -8.3 -10.3 -10.4 -11 -12.1 -11.5 -11.4 -12.6 -12.1 -12.5 -12.6 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7 -11.7
-11.3 -12.3 -12.6 -12.1 -14.8 -14.1 -15.3 -15.5 -15.7 -16.8 -16.6 -16.4 -17 -17 -15.1 -15.1 -15.1 -15.1 -15.1
-74.6 -15.5 -15.8 -15.6 -17.3 -17.6 -18.2 -18.9 -19.9 -21.1 -20.1 -20.1 -20.4 -20.5 -19.8 -19.8 -19.8 -19.8 -19.8
-98.6 -39 -39.2 -39.6 -39.8 -21.4 -21 -23.2 -23.1 -24.6 -24 -25 -24.8 -24.8 -23 -23 -23 -23 -23
Page 28 / 22
APPENDIX D: A typical Sea level file

0.0
0.0
1000.0 0.0
10000.0 -0.7
20000.0 -2.4
30000.0 -2.2
40000.0 0.1
50000.0 -0.6
60000.0 -0.5
70000.0 -2.2
80000.0 -1.3
90000.0 -0.7
100000.0
110000.0
120000.0
130000.0
140000.0
150000.0
160000.0
170000.0
180000.0
190000.0
200000.0
210000.0
220000.0
230000.0
240000.0
250000.0
260000.0
270000.0
280000.0
290000.0
300000.0
310000.0
320000.0
330000.0
340000.0
350000.0
360000.0
370000.0
380000.0
390000.0
400000.0
410000.0
420000.0
430000.0
440000.0
450000.0
460000.0
470000.0
480000.0
490000.0
500000.0
510000.0
520000.0
530000.0
-0.5
-0.4
-1.8
-2.1
-3.1
-1.0
0.0
0.3
0.1
-0.1
0.6
-1.4
-0.8
-1.4
-0.7
-0.1
-1.1
0.4
0.2
0.3
-2.3
-1.9
-2.3
-2.8
-2.3
-0.4
0.3
0.8
-0.4
-1.3
-1.7
-2.6
-3.8
-4.0
-0.6
-1.5
-1.4
-3.1
-3.2
-3.7
-5.2
-4.8
-5.5
-3.3
Page 29 / 22

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Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

CSIRO Petroleum, Australia, http://www.csiro.au/products/Sedsim.html

Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

About the Demo Disk

Sedsim version 7 manual and references.

Example files can be displayed by Sedview.

Command and input files for testing cases

Simulation results for those testing cases.

The start place for first time user. It contains:

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Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

Figure 1 Coordinate system of Sedsim

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Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

Figure 2 Command prompt window (MS DOS window)

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Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

3. SEDVIEW GRAPHIC DISPLAY OF SIMULATION RESULTS

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Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

Figure 3 Sedview window

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Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

4. PREPARE INPUT DATA AND COMMAND FILE

Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

The GRID section

Careful: The base level

Figure 5 Command lines of sediment sources

Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

Figure 6 The numbers in SEDIMENTS section

CSIRO Petroleum, Australia, http://www.csiro.au/products/Sedsim.html

Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT PARAMETERS

1.0e4 1.0 0.05 0.10

CSIRO Petroleum, Australia, http://www.csiro.au/products/Sedsim.html

Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

4.3 Optional command sections and input data

Eustatic Sea Level

The sea level can have an arbitrary

Figure 7 The format of sea level input file

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Getting Started with Sedsim

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Thickness of the sediment fraction (in metre)

coarse medium fine

The format of initial deposit file

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Getting Started with Sedsim

2008 Demonstration Manual

Table 1 Brief explanation on some of the other optional command sections

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