Make A Simple Frequency Counter Using PIC16F877A (Working and Tested) - Ehobbyprojects

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Simple frequency counter using PIC16F877A with source code. MPLAB v7 IDE
and HITEC PICC compiler ware used to coding.
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///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// File name : Simple_frequency_counter_PIC16f877A.c
// Copyright http://sites.google.com/site/ehobbyprojects, All Rights Reserved.
// Some pages may also contain other copyrights by the author.
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Distribution: You can freely use this code in your own applications, but you may
not reproduce
//
or publish this code on any web site,online service, or distribute as
source
//
on any media without author's permission..
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Project : Simple frequency counter using PIC16F877A, crystal frequency 4Mhz
// compiler : HITEC PICC
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#define PIC_CLK 4000000

#include <pic.h>
#include"delay.h"
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
__CONFIG(XT & WDTDIS & PWRTDIS & BORDIS & LVPDIS );
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
unsigned long cntr ;
unsigned int
ovrflw ;
// number of RB0 transition

// number of timer0 overflows
unsigned long x ;
unsigned int
y;
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
unsigned char digit0, digit1, digit2, digit3;
const char ssd[]={0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F};//SSD
mask for common cathode type
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void decode(unsigned int value){
digit3=value/1000;
digit2=(value%1000)/100;
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digit1=(value%100)/10;
digit0=(value%10);
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void display(){
unsigned char i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++){
PORTD=0b00000001;
PORTC=ssd[digit0];
DelayUs(150);
PORTD=0b00000010;
PORTC=ssd[digit1];
DelayUs(150);
PORTD=0b00000100;
PORTC=ssd[digit2];
DelayUs(150);
PORTD=0b00001000;
PORTC=ssd[digit3];
DelayUs(150);
}
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
main(){
TRISD=0b11110000;
TRISC=0; //
TRISB = 3 ;
//input
///////////////////////
OPTION = 0b11011000 ;
INTCON = 0b10110000 ;
//no prescaler
//T0IF, INTF and GIE enabled
while(1){
if (RB1 == 1) y=(x/1000);
//for scaling Display to KHz
else y=x;
decode(y);
//Display frequency on Seven Segment Display
display();
}
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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/* * interrupt routine called 4000000/256 times by seconds :

* the timer TMR0 is increased each 4 clock cycles (quartz frequency is 4 Mhz),
* and overflows when reseting from 255 to 0,
* calling the interrupt procedure with bit T0IF set
* * also called on each RBO transition, with bit INTF set */
void interrupt isr(void){
if ((INTF)){
cntr++ ;
INTF = 0 ;
// inc. transition counter

// clear interrupt flag to enable next call
}
else if(T0IF==1){
ovrflw++ ;
// inc. overflow counter
T0IF = 0 ;
// clear interrupt flag to enable next call on overflow
}
if (ovrflw > 3906) {
// 4000000/ 4/ 256 = 3906.25
GIE = 0;
x=cntr;
cntr = 0 ;
// clear counters
ovrflw = 0 ;
INTCON = 0b10110000 ; // T0IF, INTF and GIE enabled
}
}
To compile the above code you must add "Delay.h" and "Delay.c" files to project.
the codes are below.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////Delay.h header
file////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/*
high level delay routines - see delay.h for more info.
Designed by Shane Tolmie of www.microchipC.com corporation. Freely
distributable.
Questions and comments to webmaster@microchipC.com.
PICuWEB - Program PIC micros with C. Site has FAQ and sample source code.
www.microchipC.com.
For Microchip 12C67x, 16C7x, 16F87x and Hi-Tech C
*/
#ifndef __DELAY_C
#define __DELAY_C
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#include <pic.h>
unsigned char delayus_variable;
#include
"delay.h"
void DelayBigUs(unsigned int cnt)

{
unsigned char
i;
i = (unsigned char)(cnt>>8);
while(i>=1)
{
i--;
DelayUs(253);
CLRWDT();
}
DelayUs((unsigned char)(cnt & 0xFF));
}
void DelayMs(unsigned char cnt)
{
unsigned char
i;
do {
i = 4;
do {
DelayUs(250);
CLRWDT();
} while(--i);
} while(--cnt);
}
//this copy is for the interrupt function
void DelayMs_interrupt(unsigned char cnt)
{
unsigned char
i;
do {
i = 4;
do {
DelayUs(250);
} while(--i);
} while(--cnt);
}
void DelayBigMs(unsigned int cnt)
{
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unsigned char
i;
do {
i = 4;
do {
DelayUs(250);
CLRWDT();
} while(--i);
} while(--cnt);
}
void DelayS(unsigned char cnt)
{
unsigned char i;
do {
i = 4;
do {
DelayMs(250);
CLRWDT();
} while(--i);
} while(--cnt);
}
#endif
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Delay.c
file////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#define PIC_CLK 4000000 //4Mhz
/*lowlevel delay routines
Designed by Shane Tolmie for www.microchipC.com. Freely distributable.
Questions and comments to webmaster@microchipC.com.
For Microchip 12C67x, 16C7x, 16F87x and Hi-Tech C
Example C:
#define PIC_CLK 4000000
#include "delay.h"
unsigned int timeout_int, timeout_char;
DelayUs(40); //do NOT do DelayUs(N) of N<5 @ 4Mhz or else it executes
DelayUs(255) !!!!
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DelayUs(255); //max
dly250n;
dly1u;
//delay 250ns
//delay 1us
timeout_char=timeout_char_us(1147);
while(timeout_char-- && (RA1==0)); //wait up to 1147us for port RA1 to go high
// - this is the max timeout
timeout_int=timeout_int_us(491512);
while(timeout_int-- && (RA1==0)); //wait up to 491512us for port RA1 to go high
// - this is the max timeout
*/
#ifndef __DELAY_H
#define __DELAY_H
extern unsigned char delayus_variable;
#if (PIC_CLK == 4000000)
#define dly125n please remove; for 32Mhz+ only
#define dly1u asm("nop")
#define dly2u dly1u;dly1u
#elif (PIC_CLK == 8000000)
#define dly500n asm("nop")
#define dly1u dly500n;dly500n
#elif ( (PIC_CLK == 16000000) || (PIC_CLK == 16257000) )
#define dly500n dly250n;dly250n
#elif (PIC_CLK == 20000000)
#define dly2u dly400n;dly400n;dly400n;dly400n;dly400n
#elif (PIC_CLK == 32000000)
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#else
#error delay.h - please define pic_clk correctly
#endif
//*****
//delay routine
#if PIC_CLK == 4000000
#define DelayDivisor 4
#define WaitFor1Us asm("nop")
#define Jumpback asm("goto $ - 2")
#elif PIC_CLK == 8000000
#elif ( (PIC_CLK == 16000000) || (PIC_CLK==16257000) )
#define WaitFor1Us asm("nop"); asm("nop")
#define WaitFor1Us asm("nop"); asm("nop"); asm("nop"); asm("nop");
asm("nop")
#else
#error delay.h - please define pic_clk correctly
#endif
#define DelayUs(x) { \
delayus_variable=(unsigned char)(x/DelayDivisor); \
WaitFor1Us; } \
asm("decfsz _delayus_variable,f"); \
Jumpback;
/*
timeouts:
C code for testing with ints:
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unsigned int timeout;

timeout=4000;
PORT_DIRECTION=OUTPUT;
while(1)
{
PORT=1;
timeout=8000;
while(timeout-- >= 1);
//60ms @ 8Mhz, opt on, 72ms @ 8Mhz, opt off
PORT=0;
}
Time taken:
optimisations on:
16cyc/number loop, 8us @ 8Mhz
optimisations off:
18cyc/number loop, 9us @ 8Mhz
with extra check ie:
&& (RB7==1), +3cyc/number loop, +1.5us @ 8Mhz
C code for testing with chars:

similar to above
Time taken:
optimisations on:
with extra check ie:

Formula:
9cyc/number loop, 4.5us @ 8Mhz
&& (RB7==1), +3cyc/number loop, +1.5us @ 8Mhz
rough timeout value = (<us desired>/<cycles per loop>) *
(PIC_CLK/4.0)
To use:
//for max timeout of 1147us @ 8Mhz

#define LOOP_CYCLES_CHAR
//how many cycles per
loop, optimizations on
#define timeout_char_us(x)
(unsigned char)((x/LOOP_CYCLES_CHAR)*
(PIC_CLK/4.0))
unsigned char timeout;
timeout=timeout_char_us(1147);
//max timeout allowed @
8Mhz, 573us @ 16Mhz

while((timeout-- >= 1) && (<extra condition>));
To use:
//wait
//for max 491512us, half sec timeout @ 8Mhz

#define LOOP_CYCLES_INT
16
//how many cycles per
loop, optimizations on
#define timeout_int_us(x)
(unsigned int)((x+/LOOP_CYCLES_INT)*
(PIC_CLK/4.0))
unsigned int timeout;
timeout=timeout_int_us(491512);
//max timeout allowed @
while((timeout-- >= 1) && (<extra condition>));
//wait
8Mhz
*/
#define LOOP_CYCLES_CHAR
//how many cycles per loop,
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optimizations on
#define timeout_char_us(x)
(long)(((x)/LOOP_CYCLES_CHAR)*(PIC_CLK
/1000000/4))
#define LOOP_CYCLES_INT
16
//how many cycles per loop,
optimizations on
#define timeout_int_us(x)
(long)(((x)/LOOP_CYCLES_INT)*(PIC_CLK
/1000000/4))
//if lo byte is zero, faster initialization by 1 instrucion
#define timeout_int_lobyte_zero_us(x)
(long)(((x)/LOOP_CYCLES_INT)*
(PIC_CLK/4.0)&0xFF00)
//function prototypes
void DelayBigUs(unsigned int cnt);
void DelayMs(unsigned char cnt);
void DelayMs_interrupt(unsigned char cnt);
void DelayBigMs(unsigned int cnt);
void DelayS(unsigned char cnt);
#endif
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Download complete project files >> Simple_frequency_counter_PIC16f877A.c ,
Delay.h , Delay.c
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