1.

Chlorine can be used to produce bromine. The chlorine is passed through a solution,
obtained from seawater, which contains bromide ions.
Cl2 + 2Br Br2 + 2Cl
(i)

equation 1.2

Give the oxidation states of chlorine in Cl2 and Cl.

Cl2 .................................................. Cl

........................................................
[2]

(ii)

Give the name of the process in which Cl2 is converted to Cl giving an

explanation for your choice.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
[2]

(iii)

Explain why the reaction represented by equation 1.2 happens, by reference to

the oxidising ability of chlorine and bromine.
.........................................................................................................................
[1]

(iv)

Give a use for the bromine that is produced in equation 1.2.

.........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 6 marks]

Northampton School For Boys

2.

A student bubbled some chlorine through water. The chlorine reacted with the water as
shown below.
Cl2(aq) + H2O(l)
(a)

(i)

H+(aq) + Cl(aq) + HClO(aq)

equation 1

Give the oxidation states of chlorine in Cl2 and HClO.

Cl2 .....................................................................................................................
HClO ................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii)

Give the name of the process in which Cl2 is changed into HClO.
...........................................................................................................................
[1]

(iii)

Explain your choice of answer in (ii).

...........................................................................................................................
[1]

(iv)

Write a half-equation that shows what happens to the chlorine molecules

in equation 1 that are converted into chloride ions.

[1]

(b)

When a solution of chlorine in water behaves as a disinfectant, the active

chemical is HClO.
The disinfecting power decreases when the solution is exposed to sunlight
because HClO decomposes to form oxygen and a solution of hydrochloric acid.
Complete the balanced chemical equation for this reaction below.
HClO
[2]
[Total 7 marks]

Northampton School For Boys

3.

Sulphur dioxide is often added to wine as a preservative, but it is important to get the
final concentration correct. If too much is added the wine tastes of sulphur dioxide, too
little and the wine goes bad. The concentration of sulphur dioxide in wine can be
calculated by titrating the wine with an aqueous solution of iodine.
The equation for the reaction between sulphur dioxide and iodine is shown below.
SO2 (aq) + I2(aq) + 2H2O(l)SO4 2(aq) + 2I(aq) + 4H+(aq)
(i)

Give the oxidation states of the iodine and sulphur before and after the reaction,
by completing the following table.
oxidation state of sulphur in:

oxidation state of iodine in:

SO2 =
.........................................

I2 =
.............................................

SO42 =
.........................................

I =.............................................
[4]

(ii)

State, with a reason, whether sulphur is oxidised or reduced in the conversion of

SO2 into SO42.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 5 marks]

4.

Iodine and bromine are both members of the halogen group and have similarities and
differences in their properties.
(i)

Complete the table to compare the appearance of iodine and bromine in various
states.
element

colour in aqueous
solution

iodine

brown

bromine

brown

state of element at
room temperature

colour of element at
room temperature

[3]

Northampton School For Boys

(ii)

Show the similarities in electron configuration of bromine and iodine by writing

the configuration of the outermost subshell for each.
(For example, the answer for sulphur would be 3p4.)
Br ....................................................

I ...........................................................
[2]

(iii)

Bromine is more easily reduced than iodine.

Write an ionic equation for the reaction between a halogen and halide ions (in
aqueous solution) that shows this.
[2]

(iv)

Iodine vapour is as dangerous as bromine vapour. How can the production of

iodine vapour be minimised while iodine is being transported?
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 8 marks]

5.

Bromine is made by passing chlorine through a solution derived from sea water
containing bromide ions. The resulting bromine is dangerous to transport but it has
several important uses.
(a)

(i)

Describe the appearance of the element bromine at room temperature.

...........................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii)

What can be deduced about the relative reactivities of bromine and

chlorine from the way bromine is made? Explain your answer.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
[1]

(iii)

Write a half-equation showing what happens to bromide ions when they

are converted to molecules of the element bromine.
[2]

Northampton School For Boys

(iv)

Name the process taking place in this half-equation.

...........................................................................................................................
[1]

(b)

Give two reasons why bromine is dangerous if spilt while being transported.
1 .................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c)

One use of bromine involves making silver bromide for use in photography.
Write an ionic equation, with state symbols, for the reaction between a solution of
silver ions and a solution of bromide ions to form silver bromide.

[3]
[Total 11 marks]

6.

Chlorine, Cl2, can be used as a disinfectant for water. Chlorine is transported in

pressurised containers.
(i)

In the event of an accident when chlorine is being transported, people living near
the accident site are evacuated. What properties of chlorine make this
necessary?
1 .......................................................................................................................
2 ........................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii)

Describe the appearance of water that has been saturated with chlorine.
.....................................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 3 marks]

7.

When a solution of chlorine in water behaves as a disinfectant, the active chemical is

Northampton School For Boys

HClO.
The disinfecting power decreases when the solution is exposed to sunlight because
HClO decomposes to form oxygen and a solution of hydrochloric acid.
Complete the balanced chemical equation for this reaction below. Indicate that it is a
photochemical reaction by writing the appropriate symbols over the arrow.
HClO
[Total 3 marks]

Northampton School For Boys