Structural Modeling, Analysis and Design

Food Court Building For ITL Infosys, Hyderabad

Submitted By:
Amit Kumar Saran
Ashwini Kumar
Bharat Sondhi
M.Tech. (IT in Building Science), IIIT,Hyderabad

Index
1. Structural Modeling
Structural Details of the building
Modeling with STAAD
Modeling with AutoCAD

2. Structural Analysis
Wind Load Analysis
Seismic Load Analysis
Base Shear Calculations
Load Distribution
Possible Load Combinations
Analysis results

3. Structural Design
Design of beams
Design of ring beam
Design of Columns
Design of Footings
Design of Slab

1. Structural Modeling
Reliability and accuracy of design of a building structure largely depends on how accurately and meticulously it has been
perceived and modeled. This structure has been modeled in both STAAD as well as AutoCAD after several careful
inspections of the site as well as architectural drawings. Some of the salient features of the building are:

1. A shell structure used as a dome of the building

2. A Space Frame structure consisting of a food court cum auditorium, aerobics room and cyber-cafe
Structural Details of the building:
Total no. of members / elements: 548
Total no. of joints: 388
Total no. of supports: 56
Total no. of degrees of freedom: 1992
Size of stiffness matrix: 1, 79,280
There are 4 representative Ring Beams: RB1, RB2, RB3, and RB4 each in 3 rings.
No. of columns in the innermost ring = 4
No. of columns in last but penultimate ring = 8
No. of columns in penultimate ring = 16
No. of columns in the outermost ring = 16
No. of columns in the corners = 12
There are 3 representative radial beams: B1, B2 and B3
Ring Beams in the structure were modeled as straight line elements, each of them are at an angle of 5.625 degrees.

Structural Modeling in STAAD

Structure was modeled in STAAD-III by using its in-built modeling facilities. It was modeled using file-input as well as
user-interface facility provided in STAAD.

Input parameters in the STAAD input file are as follows:

STAAD SPACE INFOSYS
INPUT WIDTH 72
UNIT METER KNS
JOINT COORDINATES
1
73.438
.000
36.719
2
73.261
.000
33.120
3
72.732
.000
29.556
4
71.857
.000
26.060
5
70.643
.000
22.667
6
69.102
.000
19.410
7
67.250
.000
16.319
8
65.103
.000
13.425
9
62.683
.000
10.755
10
60.013
.000
8.335
11
57.119
.000
6.188
12
54.028
.000
4.336
13
50.771
.000
2.795
14
47.378
.000
1.581
15
43.882
.000
.706
16
40.318
.000
.177
17
36.719
.000
.000
18
33.120
.000
.177
19
29.556
.000
.706
20
26.060
.000
1.581
21
22.667
.000
2.795
22
19.410
.000
4.336
23
16.319
.000
6.188
24
13.425
.000
8.335
25
10.755
.000
10.755
26
8.335
.000
13.425
27
6.188
.000
16.319
28
4.336
.000
19.410
29
2.795
.000
22.667
30
1.581
.000
26.060
31
.706
.000
29.556
32
.177
.000
33.120
33
.000
.000
36.719
34
.177
.000
40.318
35
.706
.000
43.882
36
1.581
.000
47.378
37
2.795
.000
50.771
38
4.336
.000
54.028
39
6.188
.000
57.119
40
8.335
.000
60.013
41
10.755
.000
62.683

42
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96
97
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100
101

13.425
16.319
19.410
22.667
26.060
29.556
33.120
36.719
40.318
43.882
47.378
50.771
54.028
57.119
60.013
62.683
65.103
67.250
69.102
70.643
71.857
72.732
73.261
60.317
60.203
59.864
59.301
58.521
57.531
56.340
54.960
53.405
51.689
49.829
47.843
45.750
43.569
41.323
39.032
36.719
34.406
32.115
29.869
27.688
25.595
23.609
21.749
20.033
18.478
17.098
15.907
14.917
14.137
13.574
13.235
13.121
13.235
13.574
14.137
14.917

.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
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.000
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.000
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.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000

65.103
67.250
69.102
70.643
71.857
72.732
73.261
73.438
73.261
72.732
71.857
70.643
69.102
67.250
65.103
62.683
60.013
57.119
54.028
50.771
47.378
43.882
40.318
36.719
34.406
32.115
29.869
27.688
25.595
23.609
21.749
20.033
18.478
17.098
15.907
14.917
14.137
13.574
13.235
13.121
13.235
13.574
14.137
14.917
15.907
17.098
18.478
20.033
21.749
23.609
25.595
27.688
29.869
32.115
34.406
36.719
39.032
41.323
43.569
45.750

102
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147
148
149
150
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155
156
157
158
159
160
161

15.907
17.098
18.478
20.033
21.749
23.609
25.595
27.688
29.869
32.115
34.406
36.719
39.032
41.323
43.569
45.750
47.843
49.829
51.689
53.405
54.960
56.340
57.531
58.521
59.301
59.864
60.203
52.052
51.978
51.757
51.392
50.885
50.242
49.468
48.572
47.561
46.446
45.238
43.947
42.587
41.170
39.710
38.222
36.719
35.216
33.728
32.268
30.851
29.491
28.200
26.992
25.877
24.866
23.970
23.197
22.553
22.046
21.681
21.460
21.386

.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
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.000
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.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
.000

47.843
49.829
51.689
53.405
54.960
56.340
57.531
58.521
59.301
59.864
60.203
60.317
60.203
59.864
59.301
58.521
57.531
56.340
54.960
53.405
51.689
49.829
47.843
45.750
43.569
41.323
39.032
36.719
35.216
33.728
32.268
30.851
29.491
28.200
26.992
25.877
24.866
23.970
23.197
22.553
22.046
21.681
21.460
21.386
21.460
21.681
22.046
22.553
23.197
23.970
24.866
25.877
26.992
28.200
29.491
30.851
32.268
33.728
35.216
36.719

162
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203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221

21.460
21.681
22.046
22.553
23.197
23.970
24.866
25.877
26.992
28.200
29.491
30.851
32.268
33.728
35.216
36.719
38.222
39.710
41.170
42.587
43.947
45.238
46.446
47.561
48.572
49.468
50.242
50.885
51.392
51.757
51.978
72.732
67.250
57.119
43.882
29.556
16.319
6.188
.706
.706
6.188
16.319
29.556
43.882
57.119
67.250
72.732
59.864
56.340
49.829
41.323
32.115
23.609
17.098
13.574
13.574
17.098
23.609
32.115
41.323

.000
.000
.000
.000
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.000
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-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500

38.222
39.710
41.170
42.587
43.947
45.238
46.446
47.561
48.572
49.468
50.242
50.885
51.392
51.757
51.978
52.052
51.978
51.757
51.392
50.885
50.242
49.468
48.572
47.561
46.446
45.238
43.947
42.587
41.170
39.710
38.222
29.556
16.319
6.188
.706
.706
6.188
16.319
29.556
43.882
57.119
67.250
72.732
72.732
67.250
57.119
43.882
32.115
23.609
17.098
13.574
13.574
17.098
23.609
32.115
41.323
49.829
56.340
59.864
59.864

222
223
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261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281

49.829
56.340
59.864
50.885
42.587
30.851
22.553
22.553
30.851
42.587
50.885
60.317
60.203
59.864
59.301
58.521
57.531
56.340
54.960
53.405
51.689
49.829
47.843
45.750
43.569
41.323
39.032
36.719
34.406
32.115
29.869
27.688
25.595
23.609
21.749
20.033
18.478
17.098
15.907
14.917
14.137
13.574
13.235
13.121
13.235
13.574
14.137
14.917
15.907
17.098
18.478
20.033
21.749
23.609
25.595
27.688
29.869
32.115
34.406
36.719

-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
-5.500
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000

56.340
49.829
41.323
30.851
22.553
22.553
30.851
42.587
50.885
50.885
42.587
36.719
34.406
32.115
29.869
27.688
25.595
23.609
21.749
20.033
18.478
17.098
15.907
14.917
14.137
13.574
13.235
13.121
13.235
13.574
14.137
14.917
15.907
17.098
18.478
20.033
21.749
23.609
25.595
27.688
29.869
32.115
34.406
36.719
39.032
41.323
43.569
45.750
47.843
49.829
51.689
53.405
54.960
56.340
57.531
58.521
59.301
59.864
60.203
60.317

282
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322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341

39.032
41.323
43.569
45.750
47.843
49.829
51.689
53.405
54.960
56.340
57.531
58.521
59.301
59.864
60.203
44.386
44.349
44.239
44.056
43.802
43.481
43.094
42.646
42.140
41.583
40.979
40.333
39.653
38.945
38.215
37.471
36.719
35.967
35.223
34.493
33.785
33.105
32.459
31.855
31.298
30.792
30.344
29.957
29.636
29.382
29.199
29.089
29.052
29.089
29.199
29.382
29.636
29.957
30.344
30.792
31.298
31.855
32.459
33.105
33.785

5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
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60.203
59.864
59.301
58.521
57.531
56.340
54.960
53.405
51.689
49.829
47.843
45.750
43.569
41.323
39.032
36.719
35.967
35.223
34.493
33.785
33.105
32.459
31.855
31.298
30.792
30.344
29.957
29.636
29.382
29.199
29.089
29.052
29.089
29.199
29.382
29.636
29.957
30.344
30.792
31.298
31.855
32.459
33.105
33.785
34.493
35.223
35.967
36.719
37.471
38.215
38.945
39.653
40.333
40.979
41.583
42.140
42.646
43.094
43.481
43.802

342
34.493
.000
343
35.223
.000
344
35.967
.000
345
36.719
.000
346
37.471
.000
347
38.215
.000
348
38.945
.000
349
39.653
.000
350
40.333
.000
351
40.979
.000
352
41.583
.000
353
42.140
.000
354
42.646
.000
355
43.094
.000
356
43.481
.000
357
43.802
.000
358
44.056
.000
359
44.239
.000
360
44.349
.000
361
42.140
-5.500
362
31.298
-5.500
363
31.298
-5.500
364
42.140
-5.500
365
66.568
.000
366
66.568
.000
367
59.372
.000
368
14.066
.000
369
6.870
.000
370
6.870
.000
371
6.870
.000
372
6.870
.000
373
14.066
.000
374
59.372
.000
375
66.568
.000
376
66.568
.000
377
66.568
-5.500
378
66.568
-5.500
379
59.372
-5.500
380
14.066
-5.500
381
6.870
-5.500
382
6.870
-5.500
383
6.870
-5.500
384
6.870
-5.500
385
14.066
-5.500
386
59.372
-5.500
387
66.568
-5.500
388
66.568
-5.500
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1
1
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5
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6
6
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7
8
8
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9
9
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12
12
13

44.056
44.239
44.349
44.386
44.349
44.239
44.056
43.802
43.481
43.094
42.646
42.140
41.583
40.979
40.333
39.653
38.945
38.215
37.471
31.298
31.298
42.140
42.140
12.345
2.916
2.666
2.666
2.916
12.345
61.093
70.522
70.522
70.522
70.522
61.093
12.345
2.916
2.666
2.666
2.916
12.345
61.093
70.522
70.522
70.522
70.522
61.093

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72

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1
66
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493
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1
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8
365
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10
366
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367
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368
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24
369
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26
370
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39
371
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40
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42
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373
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371
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541
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542
53
374
543
374
375
544
375
376
545
376
59
546
58
376
547
56
375
548
55
374
MEMBER PROPERTY INDIAN
1 TO 64 PRI YD .9 ZD .6
65 TO 128 PRI YD .9 ZD .750
129 TO 192 PRI YD .9 ZD .600

209 TO 224 PRI YD 1.2 ZD .450

225 TO 232 PRI YD .600 ZD .300
249 TO 312 PRI YD .900 ZD .600
193 198 201 206 PRI YD .500 ZD .300
194 TO 197 199 200 202 TO 205 207 208 PRI YD .800 ZD .300
233 TO 248 PRI YD 1.200 ZD .450
313 TO 376 PRI YD .900 ZD .600
377 TO 380 PRI YD .600
381 TO 396 PRI YD .900 ZD .300
429 TO 436 485 TO 488 497 TO 500 PRI YD .900 ZD .300
437 TO 442 444 TO 452 489 TO 496 501 TO 508 PRI YD .900 ZD .300
443 PRI YD .900 ZD .300
397 TO 399 401 TO 403 405 TO 407 409 TO 411 PRI YD .800 ZD .300
453 TO 484 PRI YD .800 ZD .300
413 TO 415 417 TO 419 421 TO 423 425 TO 427 PRI YD .800 ZD .300
523 TO 526 539 541 TO 543 PRI YD .900 ZD .300
529 TO 534 536 TO 538 546 TO 548 PRI YD .800 ZD .300
511 512 517 518 PRI YD .300 ZD .600
515 520 PRI YD .600 ZD .300
514 PRI YD .600 ZD .300
509 PRI YD .600 ZD .300
510 PRI YD .800 ZD .300
513 516 519 PRI YD .800 ZD .300
521 522 527 528 535 540 544 545 PRI YD .900 ZD .300
400 404 408 412 416 420 424 428 PRI YD .900 ZD .300
CONSTANT
E CONCRETE ALL
DENSITY CONCRETE ALL
POISSON CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORT
193 TO 232 FIXED
377 TO 380 FIXED
364 381 TO 388 FIXED
361 TO 363 FIXED
*DEFINE WIND LOAD
*TYPE 1
*INT 0. 1.1 HEI -4.5 20.
*EXPOSURE 1. YR -5. 20.5
*LOAD 1 WIND LOAD IN Z
*WIND LOAD Z 1. TYPE 1
LOAD 1 DL SHELL
MEMBER LOAD
249 TO 312 UNI GY -24.
LOAD 2 SELF
SELFWEIGHT Y -1.
LOAD 3 DL LL FF SLAB
MEMBER LOAD
1 TO 64 UNI GY -7.02881
65 TO 128 UNI GY -11.5651
129 TO 192 UNI GY -7.2621
313 TO 376 UNI GY -2.68
413 TO 428 UNI GY -24.9444
453 TO 484 UNI GY -24.9444
445 TO 452 UNI GY -24.9444
429 TO 437 UNI GY -18.28
437 TO 444 UNI GY -27.90
381 TO 396 UNI GY -18.28
397 TO 412 UNI GY -27.9
499 501 490 502 491 503 492 504 489 UNI GY -27.9
496 508 493 505 507 495 506 494 UNI GY -24.9444

485 497 486 498 487 499 488 500 UNI GY -18.28
521 TO 528 539 TO 545 535 UNI GY -7.2621
529 TO 534 536 TO 538 546 TO 548 UNI GY -14.4
LOAD COMB 4 DL SHELL + SELF + DL LL FF SLAB
1 1.5 2 1.5 3 1.5
PERFORM ANALYSIS PRINT ALL
LOAD LIST ALL
PRINT ANALYSIS RESULTS
PRINT MEMBER FORCES ALL
PRINT SUPPORT REACTIONS
FINISH
Modeling with AutoCAD:

The space frame structure of the building was also modeled in AutoCAD for better CAD facilities provided with the
software. The drawings in *.DXF format were then imported in STAAD software, where additional properties were
applied to CAD model of the structures. The properties applied to the imported CAD drawing are as follows:
1. Sectional properties
2. Support conditions
3. Material Properties
4. Loading conditions
Loading units were taken as per IS codes as follows:
unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3
unit weight of 200 mm thick solid concrete block wall = 24 kN/m3
floor finish = 1 kN/m2
Live load at floor = 3.5 kN/m2
Live load at roof level = 1.5 kN/m2

2. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

Structure was analyzed for self-weight, live load, wind load and seismic loads. Analysis was performed in
STAAD-III. Details of analysis are as follows:
Wind Load Analysis:
For wind load analysis all data is taken from Indian standard code : IS 875 (Part 3) 1987
Design Wind Speed = Vb * k1 * k2 * k3
Where;
Vb = Basic wind speed in m / s
k1 = risk coefficient = .91
k2 = THS Factor = 1.02
k3 = Topography Factor = 1
Vb = 44 m / s for Hyderabad
Terrain Category : 2 (open terrain with scattered obstructions of height between 1.5m to 10m)
Class of Building : B (structures having maximum dimensions between 20m to 40m)

Wind intensities:
Design Wind Pressure

0.6 * Vz2

Exposure Factor At all Joints

Wind load intensity at 1st Floor

1.0008 kN / m2

The wind load on the building shall be calculated for the building as a whole.
Wind Load on the Building = Cf * Ae * Pd
Where;
Cf = Force Coefficient
Ae = Effective Frontal Area
Pd = Design Wind Pressure
The value of Cf = 0.5 from Table 23 of IS: 875 (Part 3) for buildings of circular shape.
Wind Load at each floor is distributed among the columns at that floor accordingly their relative stiffness.

Seismic Load Analysis:

The Structure is analyzed as an equivalent static approach employing the use of a Seismic Coefficient method.
Terminology:
Basic Seismic Coefficient (a0)
To give the basic design acceleration as a fraction of the acceleration due to gravity
Importance Factor (I)
To modify the basic seismic coefficient and seismic zone factor, depending upon the importance of structure
Soil Foundation System Factor ()
To modify the a0 and seismic zone factor, depending upon soil foundation system.
Design Horizontal Seismic Coefficient (a h)
Seismic coefficient taken for design

Earthquake Zone (Hyderabad)

Basic Horizontal Seismic Coefficient (a0)
Coefficient depends upon soil foundation system () (Hard Soil)
Importance Factor (I)
Design Value of Horizontal Seismic Coefficient,

: Zone II
: 0.01
: 1.0
: 1.5

a h = * I * a0 = 0.015
Base Shear Calculations:
The Base Shear is given by,
Vb = K * C * a h * W
Where K = Performance Factor according to structural framing system = 1
C = Coefficient defining the flexibility of structure (depends upon the no. of storey in structure) = 0.75
a h = Design Seismic Coefficient
W = Total DL + 25 % of LL
Calculating base shear,
Vb = K * C * ah * W
= 1 * 0.62 * 0.04 *1947.2
= 482.9152 KN

Load Distribution:
The distribution of base shear along with the height of the building is given by,
Qi = Vb * (Wi * hi2) / S (Wi * hi2)

Nodal forces and seismic shear forces at various floor levels

Floor

Qi

Vi

391.7677

482.9151

91.1473

91.1473

Possible Load Combinations:

(Dead Load + Live Load + Wind Load) * FoS
(Dead Load + Live Load) * FoS
(Dead Load + Live Load + Earthquake Load) * FoS
For 1st case FoS will be 1.5 and for the rest of the case FoS will be 1.2 as per IS 456

Analysis results:
Structure was analyzed in STAAD.
SF and BM Diagrams as produced by STAAD

Bending Moment Diagram (isometric view) in STAAD

Shear Force Diagram (isometric view) in STAAD

SF and BM diagrams of beam B1 in STAAD

Deflection Diagrams

Simulation under deflection

Failure zones in the structure

Green safe zone

Yellow moderate failure zone
Red extreme failure zone

Analysis result data:

Shear force, bending moments, axial loads ( for columns) and torsion are calculated for each element.

3. Structural Design
All the members (beams, columns, footings) except slab were designed on a structural design
package developed by our own team of students. The package has been tested with real-time
problems and gives perfectly reliable results. Slab design was performed on STAAD.
Design of beam B1

Alternate design of beam B1

Design of beam B2

Design of ring beam RB3

Ring beam RB3 has been designed manually. All the design calculations were done in a
MATLAB script file, which is as follows.

After running script file in MATLAB editor, the outputs are as follows.

Designed cross-section of RB3:

Provide section = 700 x 900 mm
Provide 6 nos. 28 mm diameter bars.
Design of columns:

design of column C2

Design of column C3
Footing design for columns:

Footing Design for C4

FOODFOOD-COURT FOR INFOSYS SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY PARK, Hyderabad

Design of slab (1st floor)

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