Andrea Alexa Joan V.

Ermino
III Fr. Federico Faura
LAB ACT #3
Acid-Base Titration
I.

OBJECTIVE

II.

To calculate the percent acetic acid.

MATERIALS
A. Apparatuses

Pipette
Rubber bulb
50 mL beaker
100 mL beaker
Stirring rod
Iron stand
Iron clamp
Buret
Buret Clamp
Erlenmeyer flask
Funnel
500 mL Volumetric Flask
Watch Glass
Graduated Cylinder
Beam balance

Vinegar
Phenolphthalein
Distilled water
0.25 M NaOH

B.

III.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

PrMTi tiexr pai nart gi o a noft i o s n o l u t i o n

IV.

RESULTS AND CALCULATIONS

Volume Initial = 0 mL
Final Volume = 18.7 mL
% acetic acid = 4.7
Mb = 0.25 mol/L
Eq = 60.05 g/mol
Vb = Vf Vi
=18.7 mL 0 mL
= 18.7 mL x 1L
1000 mL
= 0.0187 L
Given: Molarity of the base = 0.25 mol/L
Eq = 60.05 g/mol
Volume Initial = 0 mL
Final Volume = 18.7 mL
Density = 1.2 g/mL
Volume = 5.0 mL
Required: % acetic acid
Solution:

% acetic acid = Mb x Vb x Eq mass CH3COOH

Wt of CH3COOH

100

Wt of CH3COOH = D of CH3COOH x V of CH3COOH

= (1.2 g/mL)(5.0 mL)
Wt of CH3COOH = 6 g
% acetic acid = (0.25 mol/L) x (0.0187 L) x (60.05 g/mol)
6 g CH3COOH
= 0.0467
= 4.7%
B.

100

Given: 4.7 % acetic acid (actual)

4.5 Vinegar (theoretical)
Required: % Error
Solution: % Error = Actual - Theoretical
Theoretical
= 4.7 4.5
4.5
= 4.4 % or 4%

TABLE OF RESULTS AND OBSERVATION

TRIALS
Aover
Allado
De Galicia
Ermino

Volume of
Vinegar used
(mL)
5 mL
5 mL
5 mL
5 mL

Initial Volume of
NaOH
(mL)
0
0
18.7
0

Final Volume
(mL)
21
23.5
37.5
18.7

Given: Sum of all % acetic = 20.6

Required: % average of acetic
Solution: % average = Aover + Allado + De Galicia + Ermino
of acetic
4
= 20.6
4
= 5.15 %

V.

ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS

Molarity
(g/mL)
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25

% Acetic
Acid
5.3
5.9
4.7
4.7

1.) On the bottle of the brand , Silver Swan Datu Puti Vinegar, it says 5% acetic acid
that is the standard you want to check against.
2.) The source is from the dropping of lye solution to the phenolphthalein. Another is
from the defective way in using the apparatus or the error in reading the lower
meniscus. Last, the main source of error might be addition of extra titrant past the
endpoint (leading to overestimation of acidity in short overshoot).
3.) If the mass of the solution you titrate will be affected, you will have a change of
the percentage of acetic acid. One changes, everything does.
4.) If the mix is not swirled, the indicator will take a longer time to show color and
has a possibility that the lye can stay at the bottom causing it to have longer time
staying there than reacting. If you do not swirl the mixture, you will not have a
prompt color change at the endpoint, and you will add extra titrant, leading to
overestimation of acidity or overshooting.
5.) Overshooting involves adding titrant past the endpoint, leading to an overestimate
of acidity. The thing that makes it effective is the indicator or the phenolphthalein
because if you have given off too much of solution it reacts fast before you even
swirled it and also the swirling at the same time of the apparatus while dropping.
6.) Given: Vb= 23.50 mL
M = 0.05 NaOH
V of Vinegar = 35.0 mL
Eq = 60.05 g/mol
Weight of vinegar =0.029g
Required: % acetic acid
Solution: % acetic acid = Mb x Vb x Eq mass CH3COOH
Wt of CH3COOH

100

= (0.05 mol/L) x (0.02350 L) x (60.05 g/mol)

0.029 g
= 2.4% or 2%
VI.

GENERALIZATION
In order to calculate the % acetic acid we should add the Molarity of the lye, Volume
base then the Eq mass of CH3COOH. Then divide it with the weight of CH3COOH
and multiply with 100. The percent acetic acid of my part in titration is 4.7% or 4%