Light PDF

Introduction
Technical Section
TECHNICAL INFORMATION
Introduction
Designed to be better
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Applications
Metal halide lighting users expect long life, high

lumen output, quick starting and energy efficiency.
Ventures Uni-Form pulse start lamps attain a new
level of performance including a wide range of
wattages to serve a growing list of applications.
Each lamp type is optimized for maintained
lumens, life and color consistency. Uni-Form
pulse start lamps warm up quickly because of their
design, and restart quickly after a power outage.
Their full performance potential is realized only
when the lamp operates on the right ballast.
Section Index
Metal Halide Technical Intro
90
Explains metal halide benefits
Uni-Form Pulse Start Systems 91

Explains benefits and features of Uni-Form
lamps and Opti-Wave ballasts
Specialty
Lamps
93
94
Designing for Low Light Levels 95
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Additional
Ballasts
96
101
102
Explains HID system starting characteristics
102
Identifies the function and operation

of the basic technologies
Ignitors
Follow these guidelines for safe operation

and maximum design performance
103
Ignitors optimize lamp starting and life
97
Consider rated life and economic life

for group relamping in your lighting decisions
Open-rated Lamps
100
Review the significant ballast design

variables that affect specifications
Capacitors
Discusses eye color sensitivity and light level

factors that affect lighting design
Lamp Life & Group Relamping
Ballast Performance
Lamp Starting
Explains CCT, CRI and spectral distribution
Proper Use of MH Lamps
Explains the need for ballasts

Compare ballast functions and
available circuit types
Explains lamp lumen measurements
Light Color
BALLASTS
Ballast Introduction and History 99
Ballast Types
LAMPS
Light Output
Remote Mounting
103
Summarizes maximum remote

ballast distances
98
Ventures protected lamps meet insurance

industry recommendations and requirements of the
2005 National Electrical Code (NEC)
Grounding & Wiring
Opti-Wave ballasts were developed especially for

the Uni-Form pulse start lamp family. These highly
efficient ballasts offer superior lamp regulation
characteristics for optimal color uniformity.
Growing evidence also shows higher maintained
lumens on Opti-Wave ballasts. Venture also makes
pulse start CWA ballasts for Uni-Form pulse start
lamps as well as a full line of CWA ballasts for
probe start metal halide lamps.
Venture Lighting makes both lamps and ballasts
and supports industry standards. Venture
optimizes lamps and ballasts for peak system
performance that goes beyond the standards.
This is reflected in our warranty policy when
Venture lamps and ballasts are used together.
This technical reference provides information
on our lamps and ballasts.
104
These electrical requirements

assure safe ballast installation
Circuit Loading
104
Review open circuit, starting and operating

current and how they relate to proper
circuit loading
Agency Certification
104
These are the recognized certification marks for the

U.S. and Canada
Ignitor & Capacitor Figures

Bulb and Base Comparison
Bracket Figures
Glossary
105
105
106
107
Technical
Information
European
Product
Consensus standards among lamp and ballast

manufacturers assure compatibility of various
lighting components. In North America, ANSI
codes are used. Internationally, IEC codes are
used. These codes assure that lamps and
components from different manufacturers work
together. They describe product physical
dimensions as well as thermal and electrical
requirements.
800-451-2606 or (440) 248-3510 Fax (800) 451-2605 www.venturelighting.com E-mail: venture@adlt.com
Introduction
The Metal Halide Advantage

Characteristics
The unique characteristics of metal halide lighting
provide high performance such as:
Applications
Long Life
Metal halide lamps have an average life of
15,000-20,000+ hours, more than ten times that of
incandescent lamps.
Product Finder
Better Light Quality

The output of metal halide lamps is closer to
natural sunlight than most other light sources.
People prefer white light because of better visual
acuity, even at lower light levels.
Technology
Goes Head-toHead
MH vs. Incandescent
A 100 watt metal halide lamp provides five times
the lumen output of a 100 watt incandescent
lamp, and will last 20 times longer. Although
incandescent has a low initial lamp cost, metal
halide has lower total operating cost over life.
Wider Range of Applications

Specifiers can now select from a broad variety
of lamp types and wattages to suit almost any
application. Metal halide lighting is used today
indoors and out, for industrial, commercial, retail
and municipal spaces. Popular for sports
facilities, and site lighting, it is increasingly found
in supermarkets, big box retail, offices and lobbies.
Compact Size
Metal halide lamps generate high light levels from
a compact light source. This allows for smaller,
more controllable luminaires.
Versatility
Metal halide lamps are unaffected by ambient
temperature and are equally suited for indoor or
outdoor use. Extensive size and wattage options
allow for many applications.
Five times more efficient

than incandescent
LUMENS PER WATT

WHITE LIGHT SOURCES
MH vs. Mercury Vapor

Mercury lamps have long life, but are not as
energy efficient as metal halide, producing only 3558 lumens per watt. Their limited blue-green light
spectrum has a lower CRI than metal halide.
Metal Halide 65-115
Fluorescent 30-98
Mercury 35-58
High Efficiency
Metal halide lamps generate 65-115 lumens per
watt, more than incandescent, fluorescent or
mercury vapor lamps. (see chart at right)
Positive Environmental Impact
Since metal halide lamps deliver light more
efficiently than incandescent, widespread
acceptance of the technology has had a positive
effect on air quality and the environmental waste
stream. Lower electrical power generating
requirements means less air pollution. Efficient
long-life systems mean less landfill waste.
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Designable Color
Metal halide lamps can be designed to produce
almost any color temperature desired, from 2700K
to 20,000K. Specialty colors, including blue, green,
aqua and pink, can also be produced.
Excellent Color Rendering
Metal halide lamps offer excellent color rendering
with a 65-90 CRI (color rendering index).
MH vs. Fluorescent
Fluorescent lamps are harder to direct because of
their larger size. One 100 watt metal halide lamp
produces the same light as three 48 high output
T8 fluorescent lamps. Metal halide lamps also
tolerate a wider operating temperature range.
Fluorescents are often limited to temperaturecontrolled indoor applications. T8 fluorescent
lamps perform optimally at approximately 77F
(25C), degrading measurably as temperature
varies. T5 lamps perform similarly, but peak at
95F (35C).
Incandescent 15-35
0
Metal halide generates light closer to sunlight

than any other HID light source.
MH vs. HPS
While HPS lamps offer long life, they do not deliver
the same light quality as metal halide. Because of
their dominant sodium content, HPS lamps yield
strong yellow light (2200K) and have a very poor
CRI of 20-25. The full spectrum light of metal
halide lamps has a much higher CRI.
20
40
60
80
100
120
The Most Advanced Technology

A major advancement in metal halide lighting was
the introduction of Ventures revolutionary
Uni-Form pulse start system. This second generation
technology holds the future for metal halide.
Uni-Form pulse start systems offer up to 50%
more lumens per system watt than do traditional
metal halide lamps and ballasts. Its capabilities
continue to improve. Recently, Venture became
the only manufacturer to offer Uni-Form pulse start
lamps optimized for horizontal-only operation. Our
high wattage e-Lamp, designed to operate on
high frequency electronic ballasts with built-in
dimming down to 35% power, is another unique
new high performance product. New developments
will soon bring better lumen maintenance and even
more wattage options for specifiers.
Technical
Information
A more efficient light source also

means less waste.
White HPS 40-47
Uni-Form Pulse Start Technical Information
Introduction
UNI-FORM PULSE START

LAMP TECHNOLOGY
HIGH PERFORMANCE
DESIGN
HIGH PERFORMANCE
RESULTS
Uni-Form pulse start lamps provide superior

performance compared to traditional metal halide
lamps. The specific benefits are higher efficacy,
better color uniformity, faster warm-up, improved
lumen maintenance and longer life. It all takes
place in Ventures revolutionary formed-body
arc tube.
Formed-Body Arc Tube

The shape of our formed-body quartz arc tube
follows the actual curve of the arc stream, preventing
uneven temperatures in the arc tube surface. This
significantly improved thermal
performance allows more
halides to be pulled into
the arc and more light to
be emitted.
Superior Lumen Maintenance

Uni-Form pulse start system lumen output does
not decay as rapidly over life as traditional metal
halide. Mean lumens improve dramatically, up
to 50% higher, with lamps operating on Opti-Wave
low current crest factor ballasts.
Starter Electrode
Product Finder
Pinch Fin
Electrode
Arc Chamber
Exhaust Tip
Pinch Fin
One key to superior lamp performance is heat

management. In traditional arc tubes, uneven
heating prevented optimum arc enhancement.
Venture created an exclusive, tipless formed-body
arc tube, sculpted to follow the actual curve of the
arc stream. The shape creates a more uniform
temperature profile. Higher temperatures draw
more halides into the stream, resulting in more
light generated. Our unique sculpting process also
molds each arc tube for improved color uniformity.
SYSTEM SOLUTIONS
Ventures pulse start system technology, actualized
in Uni-Form pulse start lamps and Opti-Wave
ballasts, represents advancement as important as
the invention of the metal halide lamp. Every
change in arc tube design, lamp construction and
the ballast enhances overall system performance.
This metal halide focus allows us to offer a vast
array of integrated packages, providing optimum
lighting efficacy and quality for virtually any
application.
Tipless Arc Tube

The exhaust tip on traditional arc
tubes creates a cold spot which
degrades arc tube performance.
The exclusive tipless design ensures a totally
uniform arc tube shape, improving efficacy and
color uniformity.
High Voltage Pulse Ignition
High voltage pulse starting eliminates the starter
electrode, bi-metal switch and resistor of standard
probe start lamps. It also provides quicker
breakdown of gases; so starting (cold and hot)
is faster.
Higher Fill Pressure
Our formed-body design and pulse ignition
support a higher fill gas level that helps to reduce
wall blackening caused by tungsten sputtering
from the electrodes during starting.
Weldless Arc Tube Mount
Ventures nearly unbreakable, patented weldless
construction is stronger than traditional welded
mounts.
45,000
40,000
35,000
Uni-Form
MS 350W/V/PS
30,000
25,000
Uni-Form
MS 300W/V/ED28/PS
20,000
MH 400W/U
400W/U
15,000
5,000
10,000
20,000
15,000
Hours of Operation
Longer Life
Uni-Form pulse start systems offer up to 50%
longer lamp life along with improved lumen
maintenance. This directly benefits end-users
by reducing lifetime operating costs. While 50% of
standard metal halide lamps survive at the end of
their rated life, 70% of Uni-Form pulse start lamps
will still be operating.
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Advantage
Standard
Hours
10,000
15,000
Opti-Wave Ballasts
The lower current crest factor in the electrical
output of our ballasts improves lamp lumen
maintenance. Ballast energy losses are reduced by
as much as 50% compared to
standard CWA ballasts,
and ballast noise levels
are significantly reduced.
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Electrode
Reduced Pinch
Seals
The large pinch fins on
traditional metal halide
arc tubes radiate heat.
Reducing the quartz mass
in the arc tube helps in
producing a more uniform
thermal profile which results in
greater lamp efficacy.
Lumen Maintenance Comparison
Lamp Lumens
Applications
20,000
30,000
Uni-Form Pulse Start Technical Information
Introduction
Applications
Color Uniformity
Lamp-to-lamp color variations occur due to arc
tube temperature differences and poor power
regulation. Venture minimizes variation through
consistent thermal characteristics in every arc tube
and better power control from ballasts.
THE BOTTOM LINE IS

MORE LIGHT FOR
LESS ENERGY.
Improved Lamp Power Control

The well regulated output power of our ballasts
improves color uniformity and lumen maintenance.
Uni-Form pulse start technology

exceeds expectations.
More light for less energy makes Uni-Form pulse
start the most logical lighting choice for designers
and corporate energy managers seeking to
drastically cut power bills. Compared to standard
metal halide, Ventures revolutionary system offers
up to 50% improvement in system mean lumens
per watt. In practical applications, the higher
efficiency can translate into a savings of more than
100 watts per luminaire! And that savings is
acheived while still producing the same, or more,
high quality light.
Lamp Wattage Regulation

440
420
+400
400
Opti-Wave
Product Finder
Color Variation in Kelvin
+300
380
+200
Traditional Metal Halide
Standard CWA
+100
0
360
Uni-Form
Pulse Start Systems
340
120
-100
140
150
160
-200
Quieter Operation
Ventures Opti-Wave ballasts run at least 25%
quieter than comparable CWA ballasts due to
non-saturation of the core.
-400
4,000
8,000
12,000
20,000
16,000
Hours of Operation
Opti-Wave Ballast For

Improved Performance
The Venture Opti-Wave family sets the
Gold Standard in ballast performance with
an optimized current wave form. To maximize
your pulse start metal halide system, specify
Opti-Wave multi-tap or power saving Opti-Wave
277V ballasts.
Better Cold Starting

Uni-Form technology offers more
reliable starting at extreme
temperatures, down to -40C (-40F).
Its perfect for winter weather
or warehouse freezer
Standard
conditions.
-30 C
Uni-Form
Pulse Start
Advantage
Ballast Noise Levels

45
40
35
30
25
20
Current Waveforms
300W
300W
Opti-Wave CWA
350W
350W
Opti-Wave CWA
450W
Opti-Wave
Ballast Type
-40 C
Opti-Wave
Current (A)
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
130
Lamp Voltage
-300
Additional
Ballasts
Lamp Power
Color Uniformity
0
-2
-4
Standard CWA
Faster Warm-Up/Restrike
Combining our exclusive formed-body arc tube
and ignitor starting with our low current crest
factor ballasts, provides faster initial warm-up
and hot restrike in up to 60% less time.
Restrike
Warm Up
utes2
Time in Min
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
-6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Time
Uni-Form pulse start
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Ceramic
Technical
Information
Power Level
European
Product
Standard
450W
CWA
Introduction
Lamp Technical Info

Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Many factors affect the performance of metal

halide lamps over time. Most of these factors
(see table) are controllable in the design of the
lighting system. Incorporating as many of the
optimized conditions as possible will deliver the
best performance from any given metal halide
lighting system. More light reducing conditions
present in the design of the lighting system create
a gap between published optimized ratings
and actual lighting system performance - the
greater the light reducing conditions, the greater
the gap.
System Performance Factors

in Lighting Design
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Optimized Conditions Light-Reducing

Conditions
Pulse start lamps
Standard (probe start )

lamps
Vertical
operating position
Horizontal or off-vertical
operating positions
Operating cycles
> 10 hours
Short operating cycles

<10 hours
Low current crest

factor (CCF) ballasts
High CCF
ballasts
Clear lamps
Coated lamps
UV-blocking lamps
Non-UV-blocking lamps
Open
rated lamps
Enclosed
rated lamps
For example, Ventures Uni-Form pulse start lamp

operated on an a low current crest factor
Opti-Wave ballast and other optimized conditions
can be expected to deliver mean lumens
approaching 80%. In contrast, a traditional metal
halide system operating under light-reducing
conditions may deliver only 50% lumen
maintenance. Venture Lighting publishes
optimized mean lumens.
Range of Metal Halide Lumen Maintenance
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
% Lumens
Product Finder
Applications
The lumen output values at specific hours of lamp

life can be measured and plotted. This lumen
maintenance (or lumen depreciation) curve
contains important data for lighting designers.
Though initial lumen ratings at 100 hours are
frequently the basis for comparing light sources,
mean lumens, determined at 40% of rated lamp
life, are the most important. Mean lumen ratings
are based on lamp operation of 10 hours per start
(except where noted). Lamp lumens are measured
on a reference ballast in the designed operating
position at the rated lamp wattage.
Lumen maintenance curves represent the lamp

manufacturers estimate of the best lamp lumen
output plotted over time. Typically, each group of
lamps tested will display a range or scatter of
lumen maintenance values at each interval
measured. Therefore, individual lamps may
vary from published mean lumen ratings.
10
20
30
40
50
60
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
% Life
83.2 FC
80.7 FC
(3% less light)
OPEN
62.4 FC
ENCLOSED
52.7 FC
(16% less light)
Additional
Ballasts
Technical
Information
European
Product
9000 HOURS
(60% life)
ENCLOSED
90
100
Uni-Form Pulse Start Lumen Maintenance
All ratings based on the use of a 9000 lumen rated 100 watt metal halide, vertically oriented lamp
in a commercially available 8" aperature, black baffled downlight.
OPEN
80
Even within the Uni-Form pulse start system, you

can expect a range of lumen maintenance from
70% to 80%. (see chart below) Performance will
vary depending on the number of light-reducing
conditions present. By selecting a Uni-Form pulse
start lamp, a low current crest factor Opti-Wave
ballast and optimizing the system conditions,
significant improvements in lighting system
performance can be achieved.
Light Output: Open Luminaire vs. Enclosed Luminaire

100 HOURS
70
% Life
% Lumens
Light Output
70
80
90
100
Introduction
Lamp Technical Info

Color
Correlated Color Temperature

(CCT)
The first factor in choosing a lamp color is the
correlated color temperature. For example, if
a retailer wants lighting to blend in with warm
halogen accent lamps, the retailer may choose a
Venture MP 100W/C/U/3K, which has a correlated
color temperature of 3200K. CCT is defined as
the absolute temperature (expressed in degrees
Kelvin) of a theoretical black body whose
chromaticity most nearly resembles that of the
light source. The CCT rating is an indication of
how warm or cool the light source appears.
The higher the number, the cooler the lamp color
will appear. The lower the number, the warmer the
lamp color will appear.
Spectral Energy Distribution
When we look at a light source, the eye
perceives a single color. In reality, we are seeing
literally thousands of colors and hues made up of
a combination of different wavelengths of light.
These different combinations and the relative
intensity of various wavelengths of light are used
to determine the CCT and CRI of a light source.
TYPICAL SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTION
4000K METAL HALIDE LAMP
100
90
RELATIVE ENERGY
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Applications
The color of light sources is derived from a

complicated relationship derived from a number of
different measurements, including correlated color
temperature (CCT), color rendering index (CRI), and
spectral distribution. In general, color is most
accurately described by a combination of CCT
and CRI.
80
70
60
50
40
Color Shift and Variation

Different colors are produced in metal halide
lamps by using various arc tube shapes and
metal halide salts. In new lamps these halides
need to burn-in for approximately 100 hours
before they reach their optimum color. This is
why new lamps can sometimes be unstable or
vary in color.
As metal halide lamps age, chemical changes
occur causing shifts in color. Generally, traditional
probe start lamps shift approximately twice as
much in CCT over life as do Uni-Form
pulse start lamps.
Different Colors
Venture Lighting offers lamps in many colors to
suit virtually any lighting application. Outlined
below are the various color temperatures (CCT)
currently available:
27K 2700K - Used as a replacement for very
warm incandescent lamps (coated only).
3K 3000K-3200K - Used as a general warm,
white light source, available in clear or
coated finish for retail or interior applications;
blends with halogen lamps.
4K
3700K-4000K - Used as a neutral white light

source, available in clear or coated finish
for general lighting, factories, parking lots,
warehouses.
5K
5000K - A moderately high CCT

daylight source used in general and retail
lighting applications
6K
6500K - A high CCT daylight source

used to simulate average outdoor
light conditions
8000
6500K
7500
Natural White Metal Halide
10K 10,000K - A very high CCT, daylight

light source, used in horticulture and
aquarium applications.
7000
Cool White Fluorescent
Daylight Metal Halide
6500
6000
30
20
0
300
5500
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
5000K
4200K
Std. Clear Metal Halide
4000K
800
WAVELENGTH (NM)
Color Rendering Index (CRI or Ra)

In general, CRI is a numeric indication of a lamps
ability to render individual colors accurately
relative to a standard. The CRI value is derived
from a comparison of the lamps spectral
distribution to the standard (e.g. a black body or
the daytime sky) at the same color temperature.
CCT
Additional
Ballasts
10
5000
Warm (3K) Metal Halide
4500
3200K
4000
Halogen
3500
3000K
3000
Standard Incandescent
2500
2700K
2000
High Pressure Sodium
2200K
1500
Technical
Information
European
Product
Special Colors:
Designer Color lamps that produce blue, green,
aqua and pink light are available for special
applications where color is needed without light
loss due to filters.
Introduction
Lamp Technical Info

Lighting Design for

Low Light Levels
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Applications
Studies on nighttime visibility demonstrate

experimentally that the sensitivity of the human
eye to different colors of light at various light levels
determines the true, or effective, lumen output of a
lamp. Recent research shows that the color output
of the light source has a significant effect on
nighttime visibility, which is important because
road accidents occur mostly at night. Also, it is
well known that the eye responds to color
depending upon the amount of light available.
Photopic, Scotopic And Mesopic
Conditions
Lumens are the standard measure of light output,
but light is actually defined as energy evaluated by
the eye. Standard lumen measurements define the
light output response of a person only during
high light levels (called photopic light), typical of
daylight and interior lighting. The light meter
measures photopic light as seen by the central
region of the eye.
When light levels are very low, like starlight, the
viewing conditions are referred to as scotopic.
Under these conditions, the eyes visual response
changes dramatically. Sensitivity to yellow and red
light is greatly reduced, while response to blue
light is vastly increased. If lamp lumens under
scotopic viewing conditions have been determined
using photopic measurements, the lumen value
does not accurately measure the true amount of
light production as perceived by the human eye.
The eye response does not shift suddenly from
high light levels to low light levels. A gradual
change occurs as light levels are reduced in
twilight and typical street lighting conditions.
This is the mesopic condition in which the eyes
response lies somewhere between photopic
and scotopic.
1.00
Metal Halide
Spectrum
.80
High Pressure
Sodium Spectrum
Scotopic, Visible
Night Spectrum
.60
Photopic, Visible
Daylight Spectrum
.40
.20
0
380
410
440
470
500
530
560
590
620
650
680
710
740
Wavelength (nm)
Eye Color Sensitivity And Lumens
The value of a lamps lumen output is different
when considering the shifting color sensitivity of
the eye at low light levels. The effective lumens
will be different from the measured photopic
lumens. As light diminishes from photopic to
scotopic conditions, the effective lumens of yellow
HPS light sources are reduced and the effective
lumens of white light with blue/green content
increases.
Metal Halide Lamps For Low

Light Levels
A typical metal halide lamp has strong light output
in the blue, green and yellow areas, resulting in
high lumen output at all light levels. The blue light
output of metal halide is in the high sensitivity
region of the eye for low light levels. This means
that the effective lumens actually increase for a
metal halide lamp as the light level reduces and
the eye shifts to a blue/green peak sensitivity.
This effect is dramatic for low pressure sodium

(LPS) lamps. Almost all energy output from this
lighting system is yellow, resulting in high photopic
lumen output. At low light levels, the effectiveness
of LPS lamps is drastically reduced.
The ability to detect fine contrast is also significantly

better under metal halide sources than sodium. In
addition, driver reaction time under LPS and HPS
lighting is roughly 50% longer than for metal halide.
Therefore, the color output of a light source has an
important influence on safety. Studies have shown
that metal halide lighting, in some circumstances,
can be up to six times as effective as HPS. This
can make a difference in peripheral viewing and
dark areas where hidden hazards may be present.
Rods And Cones

The change in the eyes spectral response is due
to the presence of two types of light receivers in
the retina, called rods and cones. Rods are
responsible for human vision at low light levels
and are located in the peripheral field of view.
Conversely, only objects viewed directly by the
eye are seen by the cones. Rods are sensitive
to scotopic light; cones react to photopic light.
Therefore, as the light level is reduced, cones
become less active and rods become more active.
Metal Halide
Technical
Information
HPS
Introduction
Lamp Technical Info

Proper Use of Metal

Halide Lamps
Power should always be turned off and preferably

locked out in accordance with OSHA guidelines
whenever installation, removal or maintenance is
performed on lighting systems. Safety glasses
and gloves should be used when installing or
removing HID lamps. Lamps should be installed
firmly into appropriate lamp sockets, without over
tightening, to avoid loosening from vibration.
HID lamps and arc tubes operate at extremely
high temperatures and may shatter as a result of
misapplication, system failure or other factors.
Scratches on the outer bulb, direct contact with
water or excessive installation pressure can also
cause these lamps to break. Breakage may
release extremely hot glass and lamp parts into
the surrounding environment and raise the risk of
fire, personal injury or property damage. Injury may
also be caused by ultraviolet energy from an
unjacketed HID arc tube. If the outer jacket should
break, immediately turn the power off. Do not
remove a lamp until it has completely cooled;
then replace it with a new Venture lamp. In
areas susceptible to contamination by flying glass,
where flammable materials are present or where
there is a possibility of personal injury, users
should seek additional protective measures by
using open fixture (Type-O) lamps and
enclosed luminaires.
Positions
of Operation
Not
Permitted
Universal
Any Position
HOR 15
Horizontal
HOR 45
Horizontal
HOR 75
Horizontal
Vertical 15
BU 15
Base Up
BU 90
Base Up
BU 105
Base Up
Permitted
Luminaire Requirements and

Operating Positions
It is imperative that users adhere to specified
luminaire and lamp operating positions and
requirements. The operation of lamps in positions
other than those specified can result in severe
reductions in lamp performance, including lamp
life, light output and color. Incorrect operating
positions can also create the possibility of an
early failure.
Refer to each lamps technical data specification
sheet to determine correct operating position and
luminaire requirements. Also, refer to the diagram
in this section to determine allowable
operating positions.
Federal Compliance - Metal Halide
Venture lamps comply with USA Federal Standard
21 CFR 1040.30 and Canada Standard
SOR/80-381.
WARNING: This lamp can cause serious skin
burn and eye inflammation from shortwave
ultraviolet radiation if outer envelope of the lamp
is broken or punctured and the arc tube continues
to operate. Do not use where people will remain
for more than a few minutes unless adequate
shielding or other safety precautions are used.
Lamps that will automatically extinguish when
the outer envelope is broken or punctured are
commercially available.
Careful adherence to the precautions mentioned
above may not eliminate all possible risks
associated with the use of metal halide lamps,
but will reduce the likelihood of personal injury
or property damage.
End-of-Life and Reduction of Risk

At end-of-life, the vast majority of metal halide
lamps will fail simply by not reigniting. On rare
occasions, metal halide lamps may fail in a
violent manner. The possibility of this failure is
significantly reduced by group relamping at or
before the rated end of life, (see Group Relamping).
In any application where lamps are operated
continuously (24 hrs/day, seven days/week), the
lamps should always be turned off for a period
of at least 15 minutes once a week, a precaution
that can reduce the possibility of violent failures.
This procedure is not required when Ventures
open rated, shrouded lamps are used. These
lamps are easily identified by the MP or MPI
in the lamp description code.
Starting and Restarting
Characteristics
Probe start metal halide lamps will start at an
ambient temperature of -30C (-22F) or higher.
Full light output does not occur immediately when
power is applied to any metal halide lamp; there
is a time delay of at least three to six minutes after
starting before lamps reach full light output.
After lamps have started, a power interruption
of 1/4 cycle (1/240th of a second) or more may
cause the lamps to extinguish. Several minutes
are required before an arc can be re-established
by the ballast and full light output achieved.
The exact time is dependent on a number of
factors including lamp wattage, ballast and ignitor
characteristics, ambient temperature, fixture
dimensions and supply voltage. The time needed
to establish full light output can be as short as
three minutes and as long as 15 to 20 minutes. In
general, pulse start technology dramatically
decreases the time for hot restart. Ventures
exclusive Uni-Form pulse start formed body arc
tube provides warm-up and hot restrike in up to
60% less time and allows better starting, even
down to -40C (-40F).
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Applications
Correct Operation and Warnings For

High Intensity Discharge Lamps:
High intensity discharge (HID) lamps require
auxiliary equipment (ballasts, capacitors, ignitors
or power supplies) to provide the correct electrical
values for starting and operating. This auxiliary
equipment must meet all electrical specifications
outlined by the American National Standards
Institute (ANSI). Venture Lighting International will
not be responsible for poor performance, personal
injury, property damage, burns or fire from lamps
operating on unapproved auxiliary equipment
or from lamps being operated in a manner
inconsistent with their design.
Introduction
Lamp Technical Info

Other factors, alone or in combination, that can

also reduce lamp life include:
High or low line voltages
Marginally-operating control devices (ballasts,
capacitors, ignitors, dimming systems, etc.)
Extremely high operating temperatures
Economic Life
Economic life refers to the hours of operation during
which a lamp is designed to provide optimum
light output and color quality as well as lowest
replacement cost. Economic life describes actual
lamp life better than rated life because rated life
does not account for the lumen depreciation and
color shift that occur as lamps age. The economic
life of lamps is generally 60% to 75% of the lamp
rated life. Though economic life is important when
considering a lighting system, lamp data tables
show rated life because they provide a comparison
with other lamp manufacturers ratings.
2) Aesthetic Quality:
The quality of light changes over economic life,
shifting 200K to 300K in color. In the last 25% of
rated life it may accelerate, shifting 500K to 600K.
This causes old lamps to appear blue or pink
especially when compared to new lamps. All
the lamps in an area will generally change color
together; so the color shift of the lamps will be
most noticeable during spot relamping.
3) Optimum Energy Efficiency:
While the light output of traditional metal halide
lamps decreases over life, they still consume the
same (or sometimes more) electricity. Since energy
is the largest cost of lighting, group relamping
prevents almost half of the energy from being
wasted by under-performing lamps. For example,
a 400 watt traditional metal halide lamp may
consume $800 of electricity over rated life. After
60% of rated life, about $320 is wasted on lamps
providing less than mean lumens. Spot relamping
wastes energy dollars. The cost of a new lamp and
the labor to install it as part of group relamping is
generally less than 5% of the total energy cost.
55,000
18 MONTH PROGRAM
50,000
45,000
40,000
35,000
30,000
25,000
10
14
18
22
26
30
34
38
42
46
50
Months
Competitor's pulse start 400 Watt 400/U/PS Initial Lumens= 44,000 Mean Lumens= 31,000 (70%)
Venture's Uni-Form 400 Watt MS 400W/V/PS Initial Lumens= 44,000 Mean Lumens= 35,200 (80%)
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
TYPICAL LAMP LUMEN PERFORMANCE
34,000
20 MONTH PROGRAM
32,000
400W Intial Lumens= 34,000

300W Intial Lumens= 27,500
30,000
28,000
26,000
24,000
22,000
20,000
18,000
Average of Venture's
300W with Group
Relamping: 24,000 Lumens
Spot Relamping
Average of 400W: 20,000 Lumens
16,000
4
12
16
20
24
28
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
Months
Lamp Mortality & Maintenance Curves

100
100
Acc
90
el e
rat
90
in g
80
De
70
c re
as
in g
60
Fa
il u r
80
es
70
Lu
me
ns
&S
60
h if t
50
in g
C o lo
50
40
40
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
% OF LIFE
70
80
90
100
% LUMENS
Shorter operating cycles reduce life. At operating

cycles shorter than 10 hours per start, life will
shorten as follows:
5 hrs/start: Life is 75% of rating
2.5 hrs/start: Life is 55% of rating
1.25 hrs/start: Life is 40% of rating
MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
TYPICAL LAMP LUMEN PERFORMANCE
Lumens
Various operating conditions affect lamp life. One

key factor is operating position. Position-oriented
lamps (designed to operate in one specific position)
are tested and rated based on that designated
position. Operating these lamps in any other
positions can dramatically shorten life, reduce lumen
output and cause color shift. Lamps designated
universal can be operated in any position. However,
life expectancy and lumen output are sacrificed in
certain positions. Published rated life for universal
lamps is based on operation in the vertical position.
Rated life for universal lamps operated horizontally
is 75% of the published rating.
1) Optimum Light Output:

Light levels are at their peak when a lighting
installation is new. Most traditional metal halide
lamps decrease in light output to 40% of initial
light output by the end of rated life. A number of
factors may accelerate this reduction in efficacy
(lumens per watt). Group relamping at economic
life keeps the light levels from dropping significantly.
It also provides an opportunity to remove dirt
accumulation in the luminaires. Cleaning during
group relamping saves time and helps maintain
optimum light levels. A cleaner, well-lit environment
increases safety and security, can contribute
to higher worker productivity and creates
a better impression on visitors.
Group relamping at economic life is a practical

way to reduce energy and maintenance costs,
as well as sustain workers visual acuity with a
bright workplace environment. It also offers the
opportunity to replace older lighting with Ventures
energy saving Energy Master retrofit products or
new, more efficient Uni-Form pulse start systems.
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Rated Life
Rated, or average (median), life for metal halide
lamps is a value of lamp life expectancy based on
laboratory and field tests of representative lamps,
operating on approved ballasts, with a burn cycle
of at least 10 hours per start. The average life is
determined when 50% of traditional metal halide
lamps initially installed are still operating. For
300-875 watt Uni-Form pulse start lamps, life is
determined when 70% of the initial lamps installed
are still operating.
4) Cost Effective Replacement:

Group relamping, as a planned maintenance
program, reduces downtime and labor costs.
Spot relamping often takes an employee away
from regular duties just to replace a burned out
lamp. This inconvenience grows as lamp failures
increase towards the end of rated life. Group
relamping not only eliminates wasted labor and
workday disruptions, it allows for scheduling
during normal shutdown periods.
Lumens
Applications
Lamp life is an important consideration when

purchasing a new, retrofit or replacement lamp.
Two very different and distinct terms describe life:
rated life and economic life.
Group Relamping Is Effective

Lighting Management
Group relamping offers significant savings in time
and labor costs over spot replacing failed lamps.
Regularly scheduled maintenance based on
projected lamp life and lumen depreciation keeps
a lighting system functioning at its maximum by
replacing all lamps at their economic life.
This provides:
Optimum light output
Superior aesthetic quality
Optimum energy efficiency
Lower labor costs
% LAMPS SURVIVNG
Lamp Life
Introduction
Lamp Technical Info

Its An Open Story:

Open Rated Lamps
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
3. Making lamp replacement easier

There are now two types of lamps for use in open
luminaires. One type is designated with the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) S
rating; the other is given an O rating. There are
significant differences between these two ratings.
To reduce the risk of liability, lighting specifiers
need to be aware of what the criteria are for a true
open rating and what the Type-S or Type-O
designations indicate about lamp construction.
The Open Fixture Rating
The best-selling 400 and 1000 watt universal metal
halide (probe start) lamps, produced to the ANSI
M59 and M47 lamp
standards, are rated
by most major lamp
manufacturers for
operation in open
luminaires. These
lamps have been
assigned the ANSI
letter/designation S,
indicating suitable
for use in open
luminaires, if
positioned within 15
of vertical. With a
continuous operating
cycle, S rated lamps must be shut down at least
once a week for a minimum of 15 minutes and
relamped at or before reaching rated lamp life.
However, it has not been proven that these
restrictions eliminate violent end-of-life failures.
In fact, an insurance industry report published
in March, 1998, warned against the use of
lamps with an S designation because they
pose a risk of fire and injury1. Lamps with
the S designation do not have
containment shrouds.
Type-O lamps, on the other hand, have been
designed with a quartz shroud around the arc
tube to help with containment and only receive
the O rating if they pass a rigorous ANSI test.
The insurance industry now recommends that

all metal halide lamps manufactured for open
luminaires incorporate shrouded arc tubes to
contain shattered particles. One major insurer also
recommends using Type-O lamps in enclosed
luminaires with plastic lenses 2. The industry urges
metal halide lighting manufacturers to adopt
Type-O lamps and abandon the use of the Type-S
lamps. With the growing use of metal halide
lighting spurred by the advances of pulse start
technology, proper selection of Type-O lamps for
open luminaires becomes even more important.
UV Shield lamps can also

with UV Shield
be used in enclosed
luminaires. This reduces
yellowing of polycarbonate
lenses, ensuring maximum white
light output. Laboratory tests
demonstrate that UV Shield extends polycarbonate
lens life by a factor of six to ten times.
ANSI Lamp Designations

E - Lamp must be used in enclosed luminaires
which meet the requirements of UL1598.
S - Lamps are considered suitable for open
luminaire operation, only if operated in the
vertical 15 position. Lamps do not meet
ANSI criteria for containment and must be
turned off at least once per week for a
minimum of 15 minutes if operated
continuously. In addition these lamps must be
replaced at or before reaching rated lamp life.
O - Lamps can be operated in open or enclosed
luminaires within the manufacturers specified
operating position limits. These types meet the
ANSI criteria for containment-rated operation
and do not need to be shut off weekly. Special
exclusionary sockets are available for these
lamps to ensure that the wrong lamp type
is not used.
Open Fixture
Lamp
Medium
Base
Enclosed Fixture
Lamp
EX26 Socket
Yellowing Index Values
50
40
Yellowing Index
2. Removing a source of dirt accumulation that

further reduces light output
30
WITHOUT
UV Shield
20
With
10
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
Burning Hours
Polycarbonate with standard MH 400W/PS @90C
Polycarbonate with UV Shield @100C
100%
UV Spectral Distribution
Unfiltered Metal
Halide Light
75%
Relative Intensity (%)
Applications
Open fixture rated metal halide lamps offer

significant advantages for users. They broaden
luminaire options by:
1. Eliminating the need for cover lenses, which
reduce light output
UV Shield Protection
All Type-O Venture Uni-Form pulse start lamps
also include UV Shield protection. The quartz
shroud in these lamps is specially-treated to
reduce nearly all ultra-violet light
output. Up to 50% more than
other UV-reducing lamps on
without UV Shield
the market. This protects
assets like merchandise and
signage, because ultraviolet
emissions cause fading and damage
to plastics and fabrics.
Filtered Metal Halide

Light with
50%
25%
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
150 Watt Metal Halide Non-Visible UV Spectrum (in nanometers)
The wider
bulb neck will
not fit past
ceramic neck
of socket.
The narrower
EDX17 neck
allows full
insertion into
the socket.
Mogul
Base
The standard
center contact
wont reach
the contact in
the dedicated
socket.
The extended
center contact
completes
the circuit
in the socket.
Footnotes:
1. IRInformation, IM.5.11.2, Industrial Risk Insurers,
March 2, 1998.
2. FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data
Sheets, 521, Rev. May 2001.
EX39 Socket
Introduction
Ballast Technical Info

Introduction
Applications
While Venture Lighting focuses on metal halide,

there are practical uses for other HID technologies.
We apply the same level of passion for quality and
performance to these ballasts as we do to our
metal halide offerings. To assure compatibility,
refer to our specification sheets to determine
which ballast works with each lamp type.
The information below introduces ballast function,
terminology and proper usage.
For many users, ballasts are a mystery. Electrical

distribution systems deliver fixed AC voltage (50
or 60 Hz). Users expect connected electrical loads
to limit the current drawn from the source. Low
pressure and high pressure arc discharge lamps
exhibit negative impedance. Without a ballast,
the arc will extinguish or draw increasing current
until some circuit element burns up. Ballasts
provide system stability by limiting the current
that can be drawn. Ballasts use inductive and
capacitive components because they impede
alternating current with little power consumption.
Resistive components generate high losses and
are usually avoided. This is true of conventional
electromagnetic ballasts as well as electronic
ballasts.
HID ballasts perform the following
functions:
Provide voltage to breakdown the gas between
the electrodes of arc lamps and initiate starting.
Provide voltage and current to heat the
electrodes to allow a low voltage, high current
arc mode to develop (referred to as glow-to-arc
transition, GAT).
Provide enough current to heat and evaporate
the light emitting components after an arc has
been established. Provide enough sustaining
voltage (see Vss) to maintain the arc during
warm-up and operation.
Set lamp current once all the evaporable
materials have reached thermal equilibrium.
Breakdown vs. Glow-to-Arc
Transition (GAT)
Traditional metal halide lamps (also called probe
start), and high-pressure mercury vapor (HPMV)
lamps utilize an auxiliary electrode to facilitate
starting. These lamps are filled with a relatively low
pressure of argon gas. Breakdown occurs when
several hundreds of volts are applied. The lower
the fill pressure, the lower the breakdown voltage
and less electrode heating occurs in the
subsequent glow mode. Without enough electrode
Uni-Form pulse start metal halide and high

pressure sodium (HPS) lamps dispense with the
auxiliary electrode, but have breakdown voltage
requirements in the range of several thousand
volts. An ignitor adds a narrow (sec wide)
pulse near the peak of the output voltage
waveform. Some lamps require more than one
pulse per half cycle. The minimum output voltage
requirement (min. OCV) assures that a GAT will
occur. At room temperature, mercury interacts with
argon to reduce breakdown voltage. In cold
weather or refrigerated spaces, the breakdown
voltage requirement goes up. Standard metal
halide and mercury vapor ballasts have to supply
sufficient output voltage for low temperature
starting. This effect is not present in pulse start
metal halide and HPS lamps.
The pulse voltage requirement for pulse start
lamps assures low temperature starting.
Warm-up
Unlike low pressure lamps, HID lamps have a low
initial arc voltage following GAT and warm up over
several minutes to final operating voltage. In
HPMV lamps this involves the evaporation of a
fixed amount of mercury. In traditional metal halide
and Uni-Form pulse start lamps, a fixed amount
of mercury evaporates and the metal halide salts
partially evaporate. For most HPS lamps, this
involves the partial evaporation of mercury and
sodium as the lamp reaches thermal equilibrium.
Traditional and pulse start metal halide lamps have
sustaining voltage requirements after GAT to
assure the lamp will continue to operate. HPS
lamps have a lamp power vs. lamp voltage space
(see trapezoid) that has been defined to assure
stable warm-up and operation.
Operation
The ballast determines the lamp current in normal
operation by providing the impedance. The
combination of lamp current and voltage
determines the power consumed by the lamp. The
lamp power, in turn, determines light output
and color. For example, if a 320 watt lamp is
accidentally operated on a 350 watt ballast,
the lamp will run over wattage at 350 watts
because the nominal lamp voltage is the
same for both lamps and the ballast delivers
the higher current required for a 350 watt
lamp. Color will be warmer, light output will be

higher and lamp life will be shorter.
In stable operation, lamp power varies with supply
voltage and lamp voltage. Electronic ballasts can
be designed to minimize both sources of power
variation. On lag and HX ballasts, lamp power
varies about 2% for each 1% of line variation. On
CWA and CWI ballasts, lamp power varies about
1% for 1% of line variation. These CW-type ballasts
amplify lamp voltage variations into power variations
while lag and HX ballasts minimize the same.
Ballast history
Most of the world uses lag type ballasts for the
operation of high intensity discharge (HID) lamps.
Another common name for the simplest type of lag
ballast is reactor. These ballasts are constructed
from steel laminations and wire coils. The term
lag derives from the inductive nature of the
ballast; the input current lags the input voltage by
up to 90 electrical degrees. Several input taps may
be provided to accommodate small local variations
in nominal voltage. Reactor ballasts provide
outstanding lamp performance, with excellent
efficiency, at the lowest possible cost, but only
operate at a single input voltage.
Lag ballasts that can accommodate a wide
range of input voltages are made using an
autotransformer stage in front of an inductive
element. These use two coils and are referred to
as HX or high leakage reactance autotransformers.
The losses and material content are higher
resulting in higher operating and initial costs but
only operate at a single input voltage. The lamp
performance benefits are retained.
The CWA, or constant wattage autotransformer
ballast, became popular in North America for
mercury vapor lamps after World War II. The primary
application was roadway lighting. The circuit delivers
relatively constant lamp current, which, in turn,
translates to relatively constant lamp power as long
as lamp voltage does not vary during life. This is a
good assumption for mercury vapor lamps. It
allowed utilities to start a roadway circuit with as
much as +13% input voltage at the beginning of a
string of lights and allow for sag to -13% at the end
of the string. The resulting lamp power
variation was an acceptable
15%. A small peaking
capacitor across the lamp
terminals provided enough
voltage to start lamps
outdoors with modest
OCV. The strategy
had little to do with
temporal variations in
line voltage, but
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Why are ballasts

needed?
heat the arc mode will not develop. There is a

trade off of breakdown voltage and GAT with fill
pressure for these lamps. For most mercury vapor
lamps, sinusoidal output voltages around 220 Vrms
suffice. For most metal halide lamps, highly
peaked (distorted) output voltages around 300
Vrms suffice. Failing to attain a GAT will destroy
lamp electrodes in less than 100 hours.
Introduction

LAMP
BLK/WHT BLK/WHT
Applications
Product Finder
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Additional
Ballasts
CHOOSING THE RIGHT BALLAST

Characteristic
Opti-Wave Opti-Wave Opti-Wave

277V
Multi-tap Electronic
CWA
Isolated
CWI
Ballast Efficiency
Excellent
Good
Excellent
Good
Fair

(over lamp voltage range)
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Good
Good

(over line voltage range)
Good
Good
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Circuit Loading
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Current Crest
Factor
Excellent
1.5
Excellent
1.5
Excellent
1.0
Good
1.6 1.8
Good
1.6 1.8
Input Voltage Dip Tol.
Good
Good
Excellent
Excellent
Excellent
Isolation
No
No
Yes or No
No
Yes
Opti-Wave Multi-tap
Our Opti-Wave multi-tap ballasts are HX circuits
that have the same lamp power regulation
characteristic as 277V Opti-Wave ballasts. These
are multiple tap (two, three and four) HX autotransformers with all of the common US input voltages.
The flux density, losses and power factor capacitor
are chosen for good circuit loading. They generate
modest lamp power variations, with respect to
lamp voltage variations. As a result, these ballasts
provide more consistent color from lamp-to-lamp
than CWA. Opti-Wave multi-tap ballasts can be
used in a wider range of applications than 277V
Opti-Wave ballasts while providing the same
performance benefits. Circuit loading is similar to
comparable CWA ballasts.
Constant Wattage Autotransformer
(CWA)
Present day CWA ballasts for
metal halide lamps have
changed very little from early
designs dating back to the
1960s. Versions with ignitors to operate pulse
start lamps are available, along with a wide range
of wattages. CWA ballasts have a large installed
base in the US. Note that low wattage metal halide
lamp performance with CWA ballasts has proven
to be poor. Most ballasts sold for lamps of 150
watts or less are lag or HX types.
CWA ballasts have two coils. One acts as an
autotransformer with multiple input taps and a
second provides inductance that in series with
a capacitor controls lamp current. For traditional
probe start designs, the capacitor usually connects
between the lamp and the secondary coil of the
ballast. In pulse start designs, the capacitor usually
connects between the primary and secondary coils.
A tap near the lamp output on the secondary coil is
connected to the ignitor circuit.
Technical
Information
European
Product
Opti-Wave 277V
These are optimized lag/reactor ballasts. The flux
density, losses and power factor capacitors are
chosen for good circuit loading and modest
lamp power variation with respect to lamp voltage
variation. These ballasts
provide more consistent
color from lamp-to-lamp
than constant current
designs. The circuit loading
(250W 875W) is similar to
that of CWA ballasts,
providing better value and
performance without the
need for higher
capacity circuits.
OW
LL
YE X2
Metal halide lamps were introduced in the 1960s.

They required a higher peak starting voltage than
mercury vapor lamps, but were incompatible with
peaking capacitors. The lamps would start and
promptly drop out. By adding saturable elements
to the magnetic circuit of the ballast, the OCV
could be peaked to start the lamps. Probe start
metal halide lamps and peaked lead ballasts
launched metal halide lighting in North America.
Internationally, the same lamps operated on lag
ballasts by adding simple low cost ignitors.
Multiple input voltage taps for CWA ballasts
were readily accommodated. More ballasts could
be operated on a circuit than lag or HX ballasts
of the same wattage. However, the current
wave shape left little margin for input voltage
fluctuations during starting, had poor energy
efficiency and provided poor regulation of lamp
power with respect to lamp voltage. Evidence
suggests that maintained lumens of metal halide
lamps operated on CWA ballasts are worse than
those operated on lag circuits.
Opti-Wave ballasts
The Opti-Wave family of ballasts includes single
voltage lag and multi-tap HX circuit designs and
incorporates ignitors. They are carefully matched
to Uni-Form pulse start lamps to provide peak
lamp performance. Single voltage designs offer the
most overall value to the end user. Multi-tap
designs offer flexibility and lower inventories for
BLACK
RED
distributors,
ED
OEMs, and
T/R
H
W X1
contractors.
BLUE IGNITOR
CAP
X3
Venture offers
YE
LL
a full line of
X2 OW
multi-tap CWA
WHITE COMMON
ballasts for
Uni-Form pulse start lamps where CWA ballasts
have been specified.
LAMP
Venture makes a full line of high performance

ballasts for metal halide and high-pressure sodium
lamps. Our Opti-Wave family of ballasts is
designed especially for Uni-Form pulse start
metal halide lamps.
When HPS lamps were introduced, they were

incompatible with CWA ballasts because they
required a high starting voltage. The constant
current characteristic led to unstable operation.
Lag and HX ballasts with electronic ignitors
became the preferred circuit types. Later, CWA
circuits were developed for HPS lamps that
departed from a constant current characteristic
and incorporated ignitors.
High Reactance Autotransformer

(HX-HPF)
These are two coil ballasts, consisting of a primary
winding that provides the voltage transformation
for OCV requirements, coupled with a secondary
coil for limit- 277V BLACK
RED
ED
HT
ing current.
T/R
240V TAN
BLK/W
WH X1
The ballast
BLUE
IGNITOR
208V PURPLE
X3
uses more
material and 120V ORANGE
WHIT
E
WHITE
has higher
WHITE
COMMON
losses than
its lag/reactor counterpart. In return, it offers
multi-tap capability to serve a wide variety of
applications. A capacitor is typically connected
to the highest voltage tap to increase input power
factor. Lamp performance is excellent.
CAP
Ballast Types
rather addressed the economics of lighting circuits

along long stretches of road.
Introduction

LL
Magnetically Regulated Ballasts

(a.k.a. Regulated Lag)
Magnetically regulated ballasts use three coils and
saturable magnetic elements to provide a high
degree of power regulation to the lamp. From the
perspective of the lamp, operation is the same as
on a lag ballast with a well-regulated input voltage.
These typically have twice the material content of
comparable CWA ballasts and higher losses. They
are primarily used in heavy industrial settings
where switching of large electrical loads impacts
lighting circuits (for example, a downlight hanging
from a crane in a steel mill). Venture currently does
not offer these because demand is small.
LAMP
Venture is investigating a number of exciting

performance phenomena. Some lamps operating
on electronic ballasts (HF, DC, or square wave)
provide higher maintained lumens over life. This is
a rapidly evolving topic. Look to our website for
new developments.
Ballasts that Venture sells in
North America include the
following versions:
Quad-tap: 120V, 208V, 240V and 277V
Tri-tap: 120V, 277V, 347V (Canada)
480V/120T: A 480V ballast with a 120V tap for
standby quartz lighting.
600V (Canada)
Most Lag and HX ballasts are rated for supply
voltage variations of 5%.
CWA and magnetically regulated circuits are
rated for supply voltage variations of 10%.
Ballast Performance
The following performance factors affect ballast
specifications:
Current Crest Factor (CCF)
The current crest factor is the ratio of the peak
lamp current to the root-mean-square (rms) value
of the current. High current crest factors are
associated with high lumen depreciation of HID
lamps. Lamp specifications set upper limits for
CCF. A typical range of current crest factors for
lag, HX and regulated lag ballasts is 1.4-1.5. For
CWA ballasts CCF ranges from 1.6 to 1.8.
Electronic ballasts can can be as low as 1.0.
Current Waveforms
6
4
Opti-Wave
0
-2
-4
Standard CWA
-6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Time
Open Circuit Voltage (OCV)

The voltage across the output terminals of a ballast
with no load connected is the OCV. Lamp OCV
requirements differ for the various ballast circuit
types.
Sustaining Voltage (Vss)
Vss is the instantaneous voltage across the lamp
when lamp current crosses zero. If the voltage is
not sufficient, the lamp will not ignite on the next
half cycle of current, and drop out. Adequate Vss
is needed from every ballast type, but is particularly
important for CWA ballasts. However, it is difficult
to measure without sophisticated lab equipment.
ANSI standard values are determined for the
condition. ANSI does not specify Vss for lag or HX
circuits.
Electronic Ballasts
Fluorescent lighting now uses electronic ballasts
for essentially all new commercial lighting in the
US, largely because of energy legislation.
Fluorescent lamps generate more lumens per watt
when operated at high frequency and have no
compatibility issues. HID lamps have two issues. 1)
There is no demonstrable LPW improvement at high
frequency and 2) they exhibit acoustic resonances
that disturb lamp operation at the frequencies used
for fluorescent lamps. As a result, the adoption of
electronic HID ballasts has been slow.
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Applications
OW
X2
Constant Wattage Isolated Transformer

(CWI)
240V BLACK
RED
CWI ballasts
ED
T/R
H
208V
PURPLE
1
W X
share the same
BLUE IGNITOR
features as the 120V ORANGE BLUE
X3
X3
YE
CWA versions,
LL
X2 OW
but have electrically WHITE
BLK/WHT YELLOW
CAP
isolated secondary COMMON
coils to meet the Canadian Electrical Code. These
ballasts use slightly more material than CWA
types, making them less energy efficient and
more costly.
The most mature metal halide electronic ballasts

operate low wattage (150 watts and less) metal
halide lamps. The lower the lamp wattage, the
higher the resonant frequency. Designers have
opted for low frequency circuits that drive low
wattage lamps with square
wave current. The small size
and light weight of low watt
electronic ballasts fit retail
track lighting applications very
well. High wattage lamps have
lower resonant frequencies, so
ballast designs that operate lamps in the 100 KHz
range and above work quite well. These ballasts
have low losses, control/program lamp power, and
are small and light. Dimming, in conjunction with
the use of natural daylight, is a workable strategy
with a shorter payback period.
Current (A)
YE
277V BLACK
RED
Constant
ED
T/R X1
H
Wattage is
W
240V TAN
BLUE
actually a
IGNITOR
208V PURPLE
X3
misnomer. The 120V ORANGE BLK/WHT
CAP
circuit provides
WHITE
more or less
COMMON
constant current
to the lamp. This is undesirable for lamp loads that
do not provide constant voltage. HPS lamps are
unstable when they are operated at constant
current. CWA circuits have been modified for HPS
lamps, but use more materials and result in higher
losses. This is also an issue for metal halide lamps
that rise in voltage with aging. The result is lampto-lamp power variation that shows up as lamp-tolamp color variation. As long as demand for CWA
ballasts continues, Venture will provide them with
the best technology available.
LAMP
Introduction

Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Additional
Ballasts
The operating characteristics of any ballast can

be mapped in a graph of lamp wattage vs. lamp
voltage. For lag and HX ballasts, the graph is a
parabola where the peak wattage typically occurs
when the lamp voltage is about 60% of the OCV.
The curve stops when the lamp voltage reaches
about 80% of the OCV. At this point, the lamp

370
Lamp Power
400
Rated
Lamp
Power
300
250
e
Ma
350
La
mp
Vo
lta
g
450
90
100
110
120
130
Lamp Voltage (in volts)
140
150
Venture's
Opti-Wave
350
e-Lamp
330
Standard CWA and

Pulse Start CWA
The ballast open circuit voltage starts traditional

probe start metal halide and mercury vapor lamps.
Auxiliary electrodes, or probes, aid these lamps in
starting. The probe electrode is disconnected after
lamp has warmed up. Most of these lamps operate
on CWA ballasts that offer a more peaked open
circuit voltage, to assist lamp starting.
Capacitors
Lamp Drop
Dr
Out Point
P
Minimum
P wer
Minimum Lamp Power
80
Pulse start metal halide ballasts provide the proper

combination of open circuit voltage and high
voltage pulses to start the lamp. The pulse is
provided by a specially designed ignitor, or starter,
that is used in conjunction with the ballast. As
soon as the ignitor senses that the lamp has started,
it discontinues the pulsing operation. At this point,
the ballast sustaining voltage must be sufficient to
maintain lamp operation. A positive feature of this
system is that the lamp will hot restart in 3-4
minutes following a power interruption. Traditional
probe start metal halide ballasts can take as long
as 10-15 minutes to restart the lamp.
High Pressure Sodium lamps start in a manner

similar to pulse start metal halide lamps. The
main difference is a slightly less demanding ignitor
pulse requirement.
Maximum Lamp Power

Maximum
P wer
xim
um
500
Lamp Starting
160
Minimum ambient temperature

for starting
ANSI and IEC write lamp specifications so that
lamps will start at 30C (22F) to -40C (-40F).
Mercury vapor and metal halide lamps will start
at lower voltages at room temperature. As
temperatures drops below 40C, not much
happens until Xe (HPS) or Ar (metal halide and
mercury vapor) starting gases condense to the
liquid state. At these temperatures (-160C/310F
and lower) there are no lighting opportunities.
With lag and HX ballasts, capacitors are needed

to improve (input) power factor. As a result, the
number of lamps that can be operated on a circuit
nearly doubles. In large installations, power factor
correction is also required to avoid power quality
problems and utility penalties. Capacitors are
integral components of CWA and regulated lag
circuits; they will not operate without capacitors.
Both oil-filled (wet) and dry-film capacitor
technologies are commonly used with ballasts.
A means to discharge capacitors after power is
turned off is a safety requirement.
Oil-filled capacitors
Oil-filled capacitors come in metal cases and are
filled with a dielectric fluid. They are rated up to
100C, although 90C is the most common rating.
They usually have two 1/4 spade terminal lugs
located on the top for
connection with the ballast.
Most ballasts come with
the mating terminals
already attached to the
appropriate leads. Oil-filled
Oil-filled capacitor
capacitors are very reliable
and available in ratings up to 525V. For some higher
wattage HID ballasts, they are the only choice.
290
120
130
140
150
160
Lamp Voltage
Technical
Information
European
Product
Trapezoid Curve
550
Ballast Noise
Magnetic ballasts generate audible noise as a
result of magnetically induced mechanical stress.
This may be amplified or attenuated depending on
fixture design, mounting methods and room
acoustics. There are presently no noise standards
for HID ballasts. Opti-Wave ballasts are
noticeably quieter (by greater than 10 dB) than
CWA, CWI or regulated lag ballasts.
390
310
High pressure sodium

lamp Trapezoids
The HPS trapezoid is bounded by upper and lower
wattage limits. At the low watt limit, the lumens are
low; at the high watt limit, life is short. The left side
of the trapezoid represents the lowest voltage
lamp a user could encounter. The right side represents the highest voltage lamp a user should
expect to operate. The sides of the trapezoid slope
because increasing power increases the voltage of
HPS lamps. Acceptable ballasts chart a path that
passes through both sides within the min. and
max. wattage limits. The three ballast curves in
the graph below illustrate the effect of low,
nominal, and high line voltage.
Min
imu
mL
La
mp
am
pV
Re
olt
gu
age
lat
ion
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Lamp Regulation
By definition, lamp voltage regulation is the change
in lamp wattage divided by the corresponding
change in lamp voltage initially and during life.
The ANSI lamp voltage range allowed for a new
(100-hour) lamp is typically 12%. Modern lamp
manufacturing processes typically yield metal halide
lamps with a much tighter voltage range. However,
metal halide lamps typically rise between 1 and 2 V
per 1000 hours. At end of life, the metal halide lamp
voltage can be more than 25% higher than at 100
hours. With modern AC power lines regulated
to within 5%, it is more important to have tight
regulation of lamp power with respect to lamp
voltage variation than supply voltage regulation.
This results in the least lamp-to-lamp color and
brightness variations.
stops operating. The graph for most CWA

or constant current ballasts is relatively straight
line. HPS lamps need operating characteristics
similar to resistive and lag ballasts, a constant
current characteristic is unstable.
Lamp Watts
Product Finder
Applications
AC Line Regulation
Line regulation is the percentage change in lamp
wattage per percentage change of supply voltage.
In the US, Canada and most of Europe, supply
voltage can be unreliable (such as a brownout or
blackout); however, normal variability is small. An
exception might be an industrial application where
large electrical loads switching on and off affect
lighting circuits. Where supply voltages are steady,
reactor or HX ballasts provide the best
performance at a cost comparable to CWA
ballasts. When there is a serious line voltage
regulation issue, regulated lag or electronic ballasts
are preferred. Lag (reactor) ballasts dominate HID
lighting in Europe, where supply voltage is
regulated to 5%. In North America, lighting
circuits wired according to the National Electric
Code typically stay within the 5%.
Introduction

Product Finder
Applications
Dry-Film capacitors
Dry-Film capacitors do not
use a dielectric fluid.
Originally, these capacitors
were limited to applications
where voltages did not
exceed 330V. Recent
advances have pushed this Dry-film capacitor
to 400V. They are available in temperature
ratings of 100C and have become an attractive
alternative to oil-filled capacitors. They are
packaged in plastic housings which do not need
to be grounded and do not need any special
clearances above the terminals.
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Ignitors
HID lamp ignitors provide a brief, high voltage
pulse or pulse train to breakdown the gas between
the electrodes of an arc tube. Pulses can range
from several hundred volts to 5KV. Typical
durations are in the sec range. They are usually
timed to coincide with the peak of OCV. If they
are timed too early or too late, lamps may not
start reliably.
There are three basic ignitor circuits in wide use.
The simplest is a capacitor in series with a voltage
sensitive switch that connects across the output
of a lag ballast. It is used internationally to start
traditional metal halide lamps on 220-230V 50 Hz
mercury vapor ballasts. It generates 600V pulses
and has the virtue of simplicity and low cost.
The second consists of a capacitor charging
circuit and a voltage sensitive switch. It connects
to a tap on the output inductive element of the
ballast and uses it as a high frequency pulse
transformer. This circuit works with lag, HX, CWA,
or regulated lag circuits. It is the most common
type of ignitor used in North America and growing
in popularity internationally. It has the virtue of
simplicity and low
cost. It requires
the ballast
insulation system
to withstand the
pulse voltage; because it is tied to the ballast, the
distance the lamp can be mounted from the ballast
depends on pulse attenuation. Circuits that
generate wide pulses permit greater distance.
These circuits are generically referred to as
impulsers.
The third circuit is similar to the first except that
it contains a pulse transformer. The virtues are
that the ballast insulation is not exposed to pulse
voltage. The ignitor can be mounted near the lamp
while the ballast can be remote. It can be used
with any ballast type. This is the most costly circuit
to make, but allows the use of a less expensive
Pulse Peak
ballast. It is the most commonly used circuit

internationally. The ignitors are referred to as
superimposed ignitors (SIP) because the pulse
is superimposed on top of the ballast OCV.
Voltage
Pulse Duration (width)
90 110
Time
There are HID lamps available internationally that

incorporate internal ignitors. The pulse voltage
appears on the ballast output terminals. These
may not work with all ballast circuits, and could
damage insulation. Request technical support for
help with these.
Ballast Open
Circuit Waveform
Ventures new Smart Ignitor products use

a microprocessor to limit pulses, detect lamp
starting, and shut off the ignitor if the lamp does
not start. This control technology is applied to the
impulser type ignitor to allow longer ballast to
lamp (BTL) distances without degradation of the
insulation system should prolonged ignitor
operation occur.
Venture ignitors and ballasts are capable of

continuous pulsing at maximum rated case
temperature.
Prolonged continuous operation (weeks to months)
degrades ballast insulation and reduces ballast life.
Best practice is the timely replacement of failed
lamps to prolong ballast life. Ignitor case
temperature limits must be observed. There is
little safety margin, so expect short ignitor life
if the limits are exceeded.
Remote Mounting
Probe start metal halide and mercury vapor
lamp/ballast separation distance is limited only
by adequate wire size as lamp current is the
only consideration. Pulse start lamps are distancelimited by wire size as well as pulse attenuation.
Ballasts with long-range ignitors are offered; but
superimposed ignitors, mounted near the lamp,
can bring the restriction back to
only the wire size.
(see table)
Most Venture pulse start ballasts have distance

limitations of 2 to 15 ft with standard ignitors.
Longer ballast-to-lamp (BTL) distances can be
attained with higher energy ignitors. These should
not be used for short range as they may damage
ballast insulation and shorten ballast life. Contact
Venture for availability and technical support.
Remote Ballast Mounting

Lamp Type
Lamp
Probe Start Mercury
Wattage MH ANSI
ANSI
175
250
400
1000
1500
M57
M58
M59
M47
M48
Maximum Ballast to Lamp Distance

(in feet, listed by wire gauge)
AWG 10 AWG 12 AWG 14 AWG 16 AWG 18
H39
H37
H33
H36
N/A
420
300
200
325
225
250
200
125
200
125
150
125
75
125
75
100
75
50
75
50
65
50
25
50
35
Lamp
Uni-Form Maximum Ballast to Ignitor distance for Pulse Start MH, Ignitor < 3ft from lamp
Wattage MH PS ANSI AWG10 AWG12 AWG14 AWG16 AWG18 Remote Ignitor for PS MH
70W
100W
125W
150W
175W
200W
250W
300W
320W
350W
400W
450W
750W
875W
1000W
M98/M85
M90
M150
M102/M81
M152
M136
M153/M80
M151
M154
M131
M155
M144
M149
M166
M141
600
560
560
340
420
380
300
260
240
220
200
160
325
360
325
360
340
340
220
250
260
200
160
150
140
125
100
200
220
200
220
200
200
140
150
160
125
90
90
85
75
65
125
140
125
150
130
130
80
100
90
75
60
60
55
50
40
75
80
75
95
80
80
55
65
60
50
30
30
35
25
22
35
55
50
BVS003REPL1,2
BVS003REPL1,2
BVS003REPL1,2
BVS003REPL1,2
BVS003REPL1,2
BVS003REPL1
BVS003REPL1
BVS003REPL1
BVS003REPL1
BVS003REPL1
BVS003REPL1
BVS003REPL1
BVS002REPL1
BVS002REPL1
BVS002REPL1
Note 1: Remote Ignitors require a 4kV pulse rated lampholder socket. Also requires 600V wires at rated temperature which are resistant to cuts .
Note 2: The North American pulse rated mogul socket for HID is typically 5kV rated. The BVS002 REPL pulse height is between 4kV and 5kV, so
it requires a 5kV pulse rated socket.
Introduction

Grounding and Wiring

Caution: Installation and maintenance should only
be performed with the circuit turned off.
Applications
Ballasts must be connected to electrical ground to

avoid electrical shock or damage to the equipment
and facility. The installation and wiring must
comply with applicable federal, state or provincial
codes and regulations.
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Core and coil ballasts are insulated with a varnishlike material. This material must be penetrated at
the point where the ground connection is made to
ensure a good connection. This connection can be
made when mounting the ballast to the luminaire,
by using a star washer in combination with one of
the mounting bolts.
Grounding of the Lamp Socket
Shells
The Canadian Electrical Code (Part 1 (1994) Rule
30-314) requires grounding of lamp socket shells;
refer to the connection diagrams. In circuits
with two lamps in series, the socket shell is
non-hazardous, provided that the removal of
the lamp electrically isolates the shell.
Circuit Loading
How many lamps can be operated on a circuit?
According to the 2005 National Electric Code
(NEC), in Section 210-20:
Where a branch circuit supplies continuous loads,
or any combination of continuous and noncontinuous loads, the rating of the over-current
device shall not be less than the non-continuous
load plus 125% of the continuous load.
A Continuous Load is a load where the maximum
current is expected to continue for three hours
or more.
For new installations of CWA and regulated lag
ballasts the highest current draw is in continuous
operation. The total number of ballasts must draw

less than 80% of the circuit breaker rating. A
conservative approach would use the current draw
of ballasts operating aged lamps. As lamps age,
system wattage on CWA ballasts climbs, leading
to higher than rated input current. A safety factor
of 1.2 times the rated current is a reasonable
de-rating factor.
For new installations of lag, HX, and Opti-Wave
ballasts, the highest current draw is when the lamp
is off or just after starting. This occurs for seconds
during starting or for minutes following a power
interruption. Per the NEC, this is a non-continuous
load. Following a lamp failure, power could be
applied for a long time. The NEC provides no
guidance for dealing with failed lamps that result
in an open circuit current draw.
While it is unlikely that a lamp will be replaced in
less than three hours, it is equally unlikely that
users will tolerate very many lamp outages without
replacements on a given circuit. As in the CWA
case, a 1.2 safety factor seems reasonable. Divide
the circuit breaker rating by the open circuit
current draw of the ballast to determine the
number of ballasts that can be connected (round
down). Next, divide 80% of the circuit breaker
rating by the normal operating current (round
down) of a ballast. The first is normally the limiting
factor in determining the allowable number of a
ballasts on a circuit.
In retrofits, higher wattage lamps and ballasts are
usually replaced with better
performing lower wattage
lamps and ballasts.
Circuit loading is
rarely an issue as
long as the circuit
was properly loaded
initially.
Agency Certifications:
This is one of the most common Underwriters
Laboratories marks. If a product carries
this mark, it means UL found that
samples of this product met its safety
requirements. These requirements are
primarily based on ULs own published
Standards for Safety.
Consumers rarely see this mark, because it is for
components that are part of a larger
product or system. These components
may have restrictions on their
performance or may be incomplete
in construction. The Component Recognition
marking is found on a wide range of products,
including some switches, power supplies, printed
wiring boards, some kinds of industrial control
equipment and thousands of other products.
The UL Recognized Component Mark, for components
certified by UL to meet both Canadian and U.S.
requirements, became effective
in 1998. Although UL had
not originally planned to
introduce a combined
Recognized Component Mark, the popularity of
the Canada/U.S. Listing and Classification Marks
among clients with UL certifications for both
countries has led to the new mark.
This is one of the most common Canadian
Standards Association (CSA) marks. If a product
carries this mark, it means CSA found that
samples of this product met its safety
requirements. These requirements are
primarily based on CSAs own
published Standards for Safety.
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Circuit Loading Comparison

277V Multi-tap
277V Opti-Wave 277V Opti-Wave
277V Multi-tap
Opti-Wave Open Circuit
Open Circuit
Systems
Opti-Wave
Current or Starting
Current
Per Breaker
Operating Current
Current Max
277V CWA
Operating
Current
277V CWA
Systems Per
Breaker
277V Opti-Wave
Operating
Current
125W, M150
0.55
29
0.55
0.85
23
Not Available
Not Available
175W, M137/M152
0.80
20
0.75
1.05
19
0.80
1.10
18
200W, M136
0.85
18
0.80
1.25
16
0.90
1.15
17
Lamp
Type
277V Multi-tap
Systems Per
Breaker
Not Available
250W, M138/M153
1.10
14
1.10
1.35
14
1.20
1.40
14
300W, M151
1.25
12
1.25
1.55
12
1.30
1.75
11
320W, M132/M154
1.40
11
1.40
1.70
11
1.45
1.80
11
350W, M131
1.55
10
1.50
1.90
10
1.60
2.00
10
400W, M135/M155
1.75
1.70
2.10
1.75
2.20
450W, M 144
1.90
1.90
2.30
2.00
2.50
Technical
Information
Note: 16A max continuous load and 20A max short term load used to calculate systems/breaker
Introduction
Capacitors and Ignitors

IGNITOR ROUND
E
2.25 in
OVAL IGNITOR
3.00"(76mm)
TOP VIEW
4.75"(121mm)
4.25" (108 mm)
.605
2.610
Lamp Shape Comparison
Specialty
Lamps
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Additional
Ballasts
(Inches)
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
B8
B9
B10
B11
B12
B13
B14
B15
B16
B17
HT
3.00
3.25
3.68
3.37
3.87
4.00
3.37
2.87
4.00
4.94
6.00
4.37
3.87
4.44
4.37
4.37
3.00
DIA
1.97
1.62
1.97
1.97
1.62
1.97
1.62
1.97
1.97
2.03
2.03
1.97
1.97
2.03
2.03
2.03
1.62
WD
2.97
2.75
2.97
2.97
2.75
2.97
2.75
2.97
2.97
3.72
3.72
2.97
2.97
3.72
3.72
3.72
1.32"
(33.5 mm)
2.16" (55 mm)
1.250
BLUE
RED
END VIEW
YELLOW
0.25"
(6.3 mm)
WD
1.38
1.60
1.75
1.75
1.38
1.49
1.49
1.97
1.38
1.49
1.80
IGNITOR OVAL
IGNITOR OVAL
2.06"
(52.3mm)
2.06"
(52.3mm)
2.45"
(62.2mm)
2.30"
(58.4mm)
1.16"
(29.5mm)
2.30"
(58.4mm)
1.48"
(37.6mm)
LAMPS:
MHDE
Double
Ended
MBIL S
Double
Ended
G12
Bi Pin
T12
Tubular
ED17
Elliptical
Dimpled
T15
Tubular
EDX17
Narrow Neck
(open fixture)
ED28
Elliptical Dimpled
T25
Tubular
ED37
Elliptical Dimpled
BT37
Blown Tubular
BT56
Blown Tubular
R40
Reflector Bulb
PAR38
E26/50x39
BASES:
Bi Pin
Ceramic Base
RSC
Recessed
Single Contact
Fc2
Ceramic
MED
Medium Base
(E26)
MOG
Mogul Base
(E39)
Open Fixture
Mogul Base
(EX39)
POMB
Position Oriented
Mogul Base
(EP39)
Technical
Information
European
Product
2.75
1.16"
(29.5mm)
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A13
.930
3.610
3.50
(88.9mm)
Product Finder
(Inches)
HT
3.93
3.93
3.93
4.88
2.73
2.73
3.93
4.88
2.93
4.88
3.69
.250
.200
OVAL DIA.
WIDTH
POLARIZED
QUICK DISCONECT
.132
2.315
1.750
HEIGHT
WIDTH
IGNITOR ROUND
1.48"
(37.6mm)
HEIGHT
IGNITOR OVAL
1.25 in
0.58" (15 mm)
Applications
CAPACITOR OIL FILLED
1.00"
(25.4 mm)
CAPACITOR DRY FILM
Introduction
Brackets
Core & Coil Welded Brackets

These brackets are supplied as an option by adding a B suffix to the ballast product number
Applications
1500-2000W
4 x 6 Core T&L
Small Core E&I Reactors

(3/4, 7/8, and 1 in)
B
.28"
.75"
1.51"
4.50"
.31"
1.51"
3.19"
4"
Product Finder
6.75"
7.75"
4 x 4, 4 x 6 Core T&L
3.75 x 4.5 Core E&I Reactors
2x400W-1000W
4 x 6 Core T&L
3 x 4 Core T&L
D
.28"
1.25"
E
.28"
1"
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
2.75"
5.38"
3.98"
6.50"
5.10"
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
.28"
6.63"
7.75"
Core & Coil Adjustable Mounting Brackets, Included with Capacitor and Bracket Kits
These brackets along with appropriate hardware are supplied as an option by adding a K suffix to the ballast product number
3 x 4 Core T&L
Small Core E&I Reactors (3/4, 7/8, and 1 in)
4 x 4, 4 x 6 Core T&L
3.75 x 4.5 Core E&I Reactors
G
1.33"
Additional
Ballasts
.88"
.88"
.31"
1.19"
.28"
4.25"
5.75"
5.50"
7.25"
Core & Coil Adapter Mounting Bracket Kits

These brackets along with appropriate hardware are available in kits
BCK-015
To mount 3.75 x 4.5 Core E&I Reactors
in fixtures with a 4 x 4 T&L footprint
4.75"
4.38"
BCK-016
To mount 1 in Core E&I Reactors in
fixtures with a 3 x 4 T&L footprint
BCK-017
To mount 3.75 x 4.5 Core E&I Reactors
in fixtures with a 4 x 6 T&L footprint
3.94"
3.5"
6"
5.38"
.653"
3.84"
2.5"
2.44"
4.21" 3.84"
3.75"
3.84"
3"
4.50"
Technical
Information
European
Product
4.21"
Introduction
Glossary of Terms
Applications
Arc Tube: A completely sealed quartz or

ceramic tube where the electrical discharge
(arc) occurs and light is generated
Correlated Color Temperature (CCT): The

perceived color of the light emitted by a
lamp expressed in Kelvin (K) units
Ballast: A device that, by means of

resistance, inductance, capacitance or
electronic elements, singly or in combination,
controls the current, voltage and waveform to
the required values for proper lamp starting
and operation
Current Crest Factor: The ratio of the

peak-to-rms value of lamp current; metal
halide magnetic ballast values range from
1.5 to 1.8
Ballast Factor: The ratio of the luminous flux

of a lamp on a ballast at the rated supply
voltage to the flux on a reference ballast. It
can also be determined by the ratio of the
actual wattage of a reference lamp divided by
the rated lamp wattage
Ballast Power Factor: Power consumed by
the lamp and ballast (watts) divided by the
product of line voltage and line current
(volt-amps or VA); It is a measure of power
quality and of concern to utilities
Efficacy (Lamp): A ratio of lamp lumens

to lamp power measured in lumens per
watt (LPW)
Extinction Voltage (North America): The
RMS value of supply voltage at which a
reference lamp extinguishes when the supply
voltage is slowly reduced from its rated value.
The ANSI procedure calls for a 2 to 3%
reduction in supply voltage per second
Fixture Requirements: The type of fixture a
lamp requires; i.e., enclosed or open
Burning Position: The position or orientation

in which a lamp operates
Formed Body Arc Tube: Precisely

reproducible ellipsoidal arc tube formed by
pressurizing molten quartz inside a mold;
produces consistent arc tubes with higher
efficacy and improved color uniformity
Cold Start Time: The amount of time from

the application of ballast voltage to ignition
of the arc discharge
HID: High Intensity Discharge lamps; includes

metal halide, mercury vapor and high
pressure sodium
Color Rendering Index (CRI or Ra): A

measure of a light sources ability to render
colors relative to a standard of 100
High-Power-Factor (HPF) Ballast: A ballast

designed so that the input power factor is not
less than 90% when the ballast is operated at
the rated supply voltage using an appropriate
reference lamp
Constant Wattage Autotransformer (CWA)

Ballast: A magnetic autotransformer lead
ballast circuit incorporating a capacitor in
series with the lamp; compared to other
ballasts, the CWA regulates over a wider
input voltage range, holding lamp current
nearly constant
Constant Wattage Isolated (CWI) Ballast:
A magnetic lead ballast circuit incorporating
a fully-isolated secondary winding; it has a
capacitor in series with the lamp and the
same performance features as the
CWA ballast
High Reactance Autotransformer (HX)

Ballast: An autotransformer lag circuit that
uses a magnetic shunt path between primary
and secondary coils to control reactance; has
operating characteristics similar to those of
a reactor and has input taps to accept a wide
range of supply voltages
Hot Restart or Restrike Time: The time from
lamp extinction after a supply voltage
interruption to lamp re-start
Initial Lumens: The light output of a lamp at

rated power on a reference ballast after 100
hours of operation
Input Power: See System Power
Lag Ballast: A magnetic ballast having a lagging
lamp current with respect to the supply
voltage. Current limiting is primarily inductive;
holds lamp power reasonably constant with
respect to lamp voltage variations
Lamp Power Factor: Power consumed by
the lamp divided by the product of RMS lamp
voltage and RMS lamp current; It is less than
unity on magnetic ballasts operating at 50
or 60 hz
Lamp Voltage: The RMS voltage at which
lamps operate when they are fully warmed up
Lamp Power: The power consumed by
a lamp after warm-up, measured in watts
Lamp Regulation: The ratio of lamp
power to lamp voltage often expressed
in graphical format
Lead Ballast: A magnetic ballast having a
leading lamp current with respect to the
supply voltage; current limiting is
accomplished by means of an inductor as
well as a capacitor connected in series
with the lamp; this includes CWA and
CWI ballasts
Light Center Length (LCL): The distance
from the center of the visible arc discharge
to the bottom contact of the base
Line Regulation: The ratio of lamp power
to ballast input voltage often expressed
as a percentage
Lumens: A measurement of light; takes into
account the human eye sensitivity curve so
that more weight is given to the yellow-green
part of the light spectrum (photopic)
Lumen Maintenance: The lumen output
of a lamp at a given operating time or a
percentage of 100 hour lumens at that time
Technical
Information
Additional
Ballasts
BTL : The distance from ballast to lamp
European
Product
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Ballast Characteristic Curve: The curve of

lamp wattage vs. lamp voltage over a range
of normal lamp voltages when a HID ballast
is operated at a given supply voltage
Economic Life: The number of hours a group

of lamps will burn before it is economically
and aesthetically advisable to group relamp
(typically 60% to 75% of rated life)
Ignitor: An electronic device which provides,

by itself or in combination with other circuit
components, the appropriate electrical
conditions to start a discharge lamp
Introduction
Glossary of Terms
Lumens Per Watt (LPW): See Efficacy
Applications
Maximum Overall Length (MOL): The

maximum allowable distance from the top of
the glass bulb to the end contact of the base
Mean Lumens: Light output at 40% of rated
lamp life
Product Finder
Normal (Low) Power-Factor (NPF) Ballast:

A ballast designed so that the input power
factor is less than 90% when the ballast is
operated at the rated supply voltage using
a reference lamp
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Open Circuit Current (Line): The RMS

current measured at the input terminals of a
ballast with lamp removed or inoperative
Open Circuit Voltage, Ballast (OCV): The
voltage across the output terminals of a
ballast when no load is connected (RMS,
unless otherwise stated)
Open Rated Lamp (Medium Base):
Designed for open luminaires; has a narrower
neck than standard medium base lamps in
order to fit into an exclusionary medium
EX26 socket
Open Rated Lamp (Mogul Base): Designed
with an extended contact pin on the bottom
of the base; should be used with an open
fixture mogul sockets (EX39) which prevents
electrical contact if a non-O-rated lamp
is used
Operating Current (Line): The RMS current
measured at the input terminals of a ballast
which is operating a reference lamp
Operating Voltage: See Lamp Voltage
Opti-Wave Ballasts: A Venture lag
(magnetic) or electronic ballast designed with
a low current crest factor for improved lamp
performance. Opti-Wave lag ballasts are also
optimized for low open circuit current
Peak Lead Ballast: A CWA ballast that
produces a highly peaked open circuit
voltage wave shape and a peaked current
wave shape
Photopic Light: Describes lumen values
measured using the high luminance eye
sensitivity function centered at 555 nm
(yellow-green)
Used with horizontally operating probe start

lamps; has an alignment pin in the base for
proper lamp orientation when installed into a
EP39 socket
Power Factor (Ballast): The ratio of the
ballast input power (watts) divided by the
product of the rms ballast supply voltage
and ballast supply current
Pulse Start CWA Ballast: A CWA ballast
using an ignitor to start the lamp
Pulse Start Lamp: Specially designed metal
halide lamp that requires a high voltage
pulse for starting; has improved lumen
maintenance
Quad-tap Ballast: A magnetic lag ballast
with input voltage taps for four standard
voltages - 120, 208, 240 and 277 volts
Rated Life: The number of operating hours
at which 50% of most metal halide lamps or
70% of some Uni-Form pulse start lamps
initially started will still be operating
Spectral Power Distribution: The

distribution of radiant power (watts) of
a lamp as a function of wavelength (nm)
Starter: See Ignitor
Starting Current (Line): The RMS current
measured through the input terminals of the
ballast five to 15 seconds after the lamp
has started
Starting Pulse: A high-voltage, low-energy
pulse superimposed on the open circuit
voltage of some HID ballasts to aid in
starting a lamp
Sustaining Voltage: The instantaneous
voltage available to the lamp from the
ballast at the time the lamp current passes
through zero
System Power: The power measured at the
input terminals of a ballast while is operating
a reference lamp
Tipless Arc Tube: An arc tube made without
an auxiliary exhaust tube for dosing gases
and other ingredients
Rated Supply Voltage: The input voltage for

which a ballast is designed to operate and to
which performance characteristics are
referred
Warm-Up Time: The amount of time from

ignition of the lamp to 90% of full light output
Reactor Ballast: A lag ballast with a single

input voltage tap
Watts: A measure of energy (in joules) being

used or emitted each second
Regulated Lag Ballast: A lag ballast with

a third coil for improved lamp power
regulation
UL Temp code: An Underwriters

Laboratories (UL) alphabetic temperature
code for ballasts which designates a range
of temperature rise of wire over ambient
temperature. The code is found on the label
directly following the number 1029X, where X
is the appropriate alphabetic character
Restrike: To re-ignite the arc of a HID lamp

Scotopic Light: Describes lumen values
measured using the low luminance eye
sensitivity function centered at 507 nm
(blue-green)
Short-Circuit Current (Ballast): The current
at the output terminals of a ballast when the
output is shorted (rms, unless otherwise
stated)
Shroud: A quartz cylinder surrounding the
arc tube of a metal halide lamp; designed to
reduce the damage to the outer bulb if an arc
tube rupture occurs; usually required to pass
the ANSI containment test of the O-rating
Technical
Information
Position Oriented Mogul Base (POMB):
Introduction
Warranty Information
Applications
Limited Warranty on Lamps:

Venture Lighting statement on lamp life
For years, most lamp manufacturers have used
typical life expectancy as the basis for lamp
replacements under warranty. Venture Lighting
International understands the parameters involved
in life expectancy and also uses typical life
expectancy curves as part of their lamp warranty.
Venture is aware of their customers needs and
offers additional warranty protection.
2. Venture Lighting will replace any lamp that fails

within one year from the purchase date (based
on 5000 hrs/yr operation) when the failure is
determined to be lamp related. (Applies to
lamps with life ratings of greater than 7500
hours.)
3. During economic life, Venture Lighting will
supply replacement lamps for failed lamps in
excess of the failure rate projected by life
expectancy curves when the lamps are
operated correctly and in accordance with the
guidelines outlined in this technical guide.
Lamp Performance
All performance ratings are based on lamp testing
at rated watts, under controlled conditions, using
primary AC electrical circuits with the highest
quality auxiliary equipment. The performance
of any lamp may vary somewhat under typical
service conditions. All lamp specifications and
ratings are subject to change without notice.
Limited Warranty on Ballasts:
Venture ballast products are warrantied free from
manufacturing and workmanship defects for a
period of two years from the date of shipment.
During this period, Venture will, at its option, repair
or replace ballast products which prove to be
defective or out of specification. This warranty is
granted by Venture only to the original purchaser
or first end-user of such ballast products.
This warranty is conditional upon installation,
maintenance and operation in accordance with
Ventures instructions and specifications set forth
in the purchase order or contract at the time of
order and in accordance with the standards of
The National Electric Code (NEC), Underwriters
Laboratory, Inc. (UL) and the American National
Standards Institute (ANSI) and, in Canada, with the
standards of the Canadian Standards Association
(CSA). Damage by misuse or abnormal conditions
No implied statutory warranty of merchantability or

fitness for a particular purpose shall apply beyond
the afore-mentioned warranty period. This
warranty excludes other warranties, expressed
or implied and is the exclusive remedy of the
claimant. Venture shall not be liable for any
special, indirect or consequential damages.
Ventures liability on any claim of any kind, nature
or description arising out of, resulting from or
concerning any aspect of this warranty agreement
or from the product or services furnished
hereunder shall not exceed the price of the specific
ballast or ballasts which give rise to the claim. For
warranty service or repair, the buyer shall prepay
all shipping charges to Venture and Venture shall
pay shipping charges to return the repaired or
replaced item to the buyer. However, the buyer
shall pay all shipping charges, duties and taxes for
products returned to Venture from a country other
than that of the United States of America.
Product replacement/liability limits
The foregoing warranty shall be the sole and
exclusive remedy of the purchaser and Ventures
sole and exclusive remedy to the purchaser. NO
WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY SPECIFIC OR
PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS MADE OR IS TO BE
IMPLIED. NO OTHER WARRANTY APPLIES.
Venture will not, under any circumstance, whether
as a result of breach of contract, warranty tort or
otherwise, be liable for any costs or damages,
including lost profits or revenues, incidental,
special or consequential damages.
Some states or provinces do not allow the
exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential
damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may
not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific
legal rights and you may also have other rights
which may vary from state to state and province
to province. No distributor, salesperson, dealer,
retailer or other representative has the authority to
change or modify this warranty, either orally or in
writing, in any respect.
Dimming
Warranty policy on the dimming of Venture
Lighting International metal halide lamps:
SCOPE: Venture Lighting metal halide lamps
can only be step or bi-level dimmed by the
switched capacitance method on a CWA or CWI
ballast. Line voltage and electronic dimming
systems are not covered by this policy. Contact
Venture Lighting for further information.
WARRANTY POLICY: Venture Lighting
International, Inc. agrees to extend a limited
one-year warranty on lamp life to lamps operated
on dimmable control gear, provided the following
conditions are met:
1) A lamp must never be started by a ballast
in the dimmed operating mode.
2) During any lamp start (cold or hot restart), the
ballast must meet all of the requirements for
starting and sustaining a lamp described in
ANSI lamp standard C78.43.
3) The lamp must be allowed to warm up for at
least 10 minutes after the lamp has started (20
minutes for lamp wattages greater than 450).
Only then can dimming begin.
4) For system design purposes an ANSI reference
lamp cannot be dimmed below 50% of the
rated lamp wattage at 90% input voltage for
CWA or CWI ballasts.
5) Operating position requirements are
Base up 15, only, for probe start or pulse
start lamps designated as U, BU, HBU
Vertical 15, only, for pulse start lamps
designated as U, V
Base down 15, only, for pulse start lamps
designated as BD, HBD
No Horizontal dimming.
6) The ballast input voltage must be kept within
the accepted line voltage range for the ballast
type (10% for CWA or CWI ballasts) at all times
in dim and full power modes
7) The dimming device should not allow the ballast
current crest factor to exceed 1.8.
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
WARRANTY
1. Upon receipt and/or initial installation by the
customer, Venture Lighting International will
replace any lamp determined to be defective
in materials, workmanship or proper operating
parameters.
of storage, installation, maintenance or operation,

including, but not limited to, excessive temperatures
or evidence of partial or complete disassembly
beyond normal maintenance or expansion
procedure void this warranty in its entirety.
The conditions of any tests performed concerning
any ballast product claimed to be defective in
accordance with the terms of this warranty shall
be mutually agreed upon in writing between the
original purchaser or first end-user and Venture
and Venture may be represented at any such test.
Introduction
Warranty Information
One Call Warranty
Warranty Activation/Service
Claims You Must Register
To activate the One Call warranty, Venture must
receive a completed registration form within 30
days after installation of the Uni-Form pulse start
system. You may complete the registration form
on Ventures web site at www.venturelighting.com
or call our toll-free number to have the form sent
to you. Venture will send an acknowledgment
for each registration received. For information,
service, technical assistance or replacement
claims, call the One Call toll-free number at
1-800-451-2606. If a lamp or ballast in the
Uni-Form pulse start system fails to operate
within the warranty period (based on a maximum
5000hrs./yr operation and normal mortality),
Venture will provide a free replacement. No
reimbursement for labor is made for lamp or
ballast replacement.
Ballasts/Lamps
Warranty Terms And Conditions

Ventures One Call warranty covers lamps and
ballasts purchased and installed together as a
Uni-Form pulse start system. The
installation must be operated under
proper environmental conditions and
in accordance with current National
Electrical Code, Underwriters Laboratory
and ANSI specifications. This warranty
will be voided if conditions demonstrate
abnormal use or stress, such as
operating temperatures in excess of
maximum rated temperatures,
under/over voltage conditions, excessive
switching cycles or operating hours or
improper lamp or ballast installation.
The lamp warranty will be voided if
Venture lamps are replaced with any
other manufacturers lamps. The entire
warranty will be voided if Venture
ballasts are replaced with any other
manufacturers ballasts.
Venture reserves the right to examine

all failed lamps and ballasts purchased as
part of a Uni-Form pulse start system.
Some states or provinces do not allow
the exclusion or limitation of incidental
or consequential damages, so the above
limitation or exclusion may not apply to you.
No distributor, salesperson, dealer, retailer or
other representative has the authority to change
or modify this warranty, either orally or in writing,
in any respect.
ONE CALL
LIMITED
SYSTEM
WARRANTY
This warranty gives you specific legal rights and

you may also have other rights which may
vary from state to state and
province to province.
Standard
Warranty
Period
One Call
System
Warranty
300, 310, 320, 340, 350, 375, 400, 440, 450
One Year
Two Years
150, 175, 200, 250
One Year
Two Years
50, 70, 100, 125
One Year
One Year
875
One Year
Two Years
Magnetic Ballasts
Two Years
Five Years
Electronic Ballasts
Two Years
Three Years
Lamp Type
Technical
Information
European
Product
Additional
Ballasts
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
Product Finder
Applications
Ventures One Call limited warranty program is

first in the industry in its comprehensive system
coverage. It doubles the warranty period on lamps
and ballasts purchased and installed as part of the
Uni-Form pulse start system. Since Venture
designs and manufactures the lamps and ballasts,
customers who purchase a complete system need
to make only one call to receive full service on
any component from Ventures team of technical
experts. This means no finger pointing; one
source, one call to 1-800-451-2606 for
service. Technical assistants will answer
all your questions..
Product Replacement/liability
Limits
The foregoing warranty shall be the sole and
exclusive remedy of the purchaser and Ventures
sole and exclusive remedy to the purchaser. NO
WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY SPECIFIC
OR PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS MADE OR IS TO
BE IMPLIED. NO OTHER WARRANTY APPLIES.
Venture will not, under any circumstance, whether
as a result of breach of contract or warranty tort,
or otherwise, be liable for any costs or damages,
including lost profits or revenues, incidental,
special or consequential damages.
Introduction
How To Order
GENERAL INFORMATION
Specify Venture
Product Finder
Applications
Traditional Metal
Halide Systems
Additional
Ballasts
Ballast Specification
When you specify Ventures Uni-Form pulse start

lamps and Opti-Wave ballasts you get the best in:
a il
The pulse start metal halide ballast shall be

Venture product # _____________ , ANSI type
M-_ _ _ . Circuit type shall be (pulse start CWA;
Opti-Wave 277V and Opti-Wave multi-tap) with a
maximum system input wattage of _______ . All
system components will be warranted for a period
of two years from date of installation or five years
when supplied as part of a registered system
project, in accordance with the One Call
limited warranty.
x,
-m
The pulse start metal halide lamp(s) shall be

Venture Uni-Form pulse start product
description or Venture part #______________ ANSI
type M-_ _ _/E. If used in an open luminaire, the
lamp must be rated Open Fixture (O) which
incorporates a quartz arc tube shroud and
carries an ANSI code of M-_ _ _/O. Venture
designates their open rated pulse start lamps as
MP. The lamp carries a one year replacement
warranty; or when operated with a Venture ballast,
the limited two year warranty (assuming a
maximum 5000 burn hrs./year), as part of a
registered system project in accordance with
the One Call Limited Warranty.
der Today!
Or
Lamp Specification
Further Information
If you need help in specifying Venture products or
in deciding which Venture product the right for
your application, call 800-451-2606,
fax at 800-451-2605, or e-mail: venture@adlt.com.
Energy efficiency
Longest life products
Lumen maintenance of any system
System warranty with our
One Call limited warranty
Example:
Specify Ventures Uni-Form Pulse Start Systems

Manufacturer Catalog No. Watts
Venture
MP 300W/PS 300
V90AM8730
Lamp Type
Pulse Start
Metal Halide
Description
Fixture shall use Venture's Opti-Wave system.
Must be Venture's Uni-Form pulse start lamp
operated on Venture's Opti-Wave multi-tap ballast.
Technical
Information
European
Product
Fax (800) 451-2605

www.venturelighting.com
E-mail: venture@adlt.com
C a ll,
Specialty
Lamps
Uni-Form Pulse
Start Systems
800-451-2606

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Introduction

Metal halide lighting users expect long life, high

Explains metal halide benefits

Uni-Form Pulse Start Systems 91

Designing for Low Light Levels 95

Explains HID system starting characteristics

Identifies the function and operation

Follow these guidelines for safe operation

Ignitors optimize lamp starting and life

Consider rated life and economic life

Review the significant ballast design

Discusses eye color sensitivity and light level

Lamp Life & Group Relamping

Explains CCT, CRI and spectral distribution

Proper Use of MH Lamps

Explains the need for ballasts

Explains lamp lumen measurements

Summarizes maximum remote

Ventures protected lamps meet insurance

Grounding & Wiring

Opti-Wave ballasts were developed especially for

These electrical requirements

Review open circuit, starting and operating

These are the recognized certification marks for the

Ignitor & Capacitor Figures

Consensus standards among lamp and ballast

800-451-2606 or (440) 248-3510 Fax (800) 451-2605 www.venturelighting.com E-mail: venture@adlt.com

The Metal Halide Advantage

Better Light Quality

Wider Range of Applications

Five times more efficient

LUMENS PER WATT

MH vs. Mercury Vapor

Metal Halide 65-115

Metal halide generates light closer to sunlight

The Most Advanced Technology

A more efficient light source also

White HPS 40-47

800-451-2606 or (440) 248-3510 Fax (800) 451-2605 www.venturelighting.com E-mail: venture@adlt.com

Uni-Form Pulse Start Technical Information

UNI-FORM PULSE START

Uni-Form pulse start lamps provide superior

Formed-Body Arc Tube

Superior Lumen Maintenance

One key to superior lamp performance is heat

Tipless Arc Tube

Lumen Maintenance Comparison

800-451-2606 or (440) 248-3510 Fax (800) 451-2605 www.venturelighting.com E-mail: venture@adlt.com

Uni-Form Pulse Start Technical Information

THE BOTTOM LINE IS

Improved Lamp Power Control

Uni-Form pulse start technology

Lamp Wattage Regulation

Color Variation in Kelvin

Traditional Metal Halide

Opti-Wave Ballast For

Better Cold Starting

Ballast Noise Levels

Uni-Form pulse start

800-451-2606 or (440) 248-3510 Fax (800) 451-2605 www.venturelighting.com E-mail: venture@adlt.com

Lamp Technical Info

Many factors affect the performance of metal