Notes On Koine Greek: Part 51

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1. Indicative Mood Chart: Below is the chart that you will recognize from
installations 40 and 46 of these “Notes”. As you can see, we now have the Active
Voice pretty much filled in. However, as you can see, there are 12 slots
remaining, 6 in both the Middle and Passive Voices. We will now begin filling
these slots in and we wills tart with the Present Middle Voice. If you are like me,
being able to visualize my end-goal is very helpful. So, just know that once we
have learned the Present Middle, we only have 11 more slots to fill in!

Indicative Mood Chart:

© 2010, T. Michael W. Halcomb

M Present
I
D
D
mai meqa
L sai sqe
E tai ntai

Present Future
A 1st / 2nd Aorist
Imperfect Pluperfect Perfect
C
T n men sa samen n men a men w men w men
I j te saj sate j te j te eij te eij te
V - n - n/ san - san - si (n) ei ousin ei ousin
E nd
2 Aor. Suffixes are
same as Imp. Act. Ind.

P
A
S
S
I
V
E

2. Before Moving On…: Let’s spend some time reviewing this chart and the verb endings. A)
Something that you should notice right away about the Plural endings of the Active Voice verbs is that
they are all similar; we have the characteristic: men, te, n (san / sin). B) Something else to note about
the Active Voice endings is that in the 3rd Person Singulars of the Past Tenses, there is no distinct
marker! C) We also note that in the 2nd Person Singulars, our endings always have a final sigma “j”.
3. A Brief Look at the Present Middle: Though we will not review it in great depth here, we
should take just a moment to look at some of the characteristics of the Present Middle endings. 1)
One of the first things I notice is that the 1st-3rd Person Singular endings all rhyme: mai, sai, tai as
the end with the letters “ai”. I also notice that the 3rd Person Plural simply takes the 1st Person
Plural and fronts it with “n”. 2) Having looked at 4 of the 6 endings so far, the dominant feature of
the 1st and 2nd Plural endings that stands out to me is that they both contain a “q”. 3) I also notice
that when paired together (e.g. 1st Sg. & 1st Pl., 2nd Sg. & 2nd Pl.) the first letter of each pair is the
same: m, s, t (again, remember that the 3rd Pl. puts a “n” in front of the t).