Vulnerability Mapping Using Easy AHP

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https://cbsuygulama.wordpress.com/2014/08/17/vulnerability-mapping-...
CBS UYGULAMA
AUG 17 2014
Vulnerability Mapping Using Easy AHP

Bu sayfay Trke olarak okuyabilirsiniz. (h ps://cbsuygulama.wordpress.com/2014/08/17/easy-ahp-ilezarar-gorebilirlik-analizi/)
One of the fundamental concepts in the disaster management is vulnerability. It refers to losses in the
face of any danger . Vulnerability is discussed in dierent views like economic, social and physical etc.
GIS-based disaster management studies mostly focus on mapping of physical losses that may occur.
There are dierent technics for making vulnerability maps for an area. In this eld, AHP (Analytic
Hierarchy Process) appears as a rational method. I prefered AHP for making vulnerability map in my
M.Sc thesis.
Fundamentals of GIS- based AHP are comparing each of map layers and determining weight values. In
this way decision makers could choose suitable result by dening a hierarchy for complex problems .
Sample Application
In this application, vulnerability analysis was performed for an area in the district of Saryer, Istanbul.
Initially layer weights were calculated using AHP and vulnerability map generated by WLC (Weighted
Linear Combination) analysis. I have developed Easy AHP plugin for QGIS and all of the analysis
process were realized by using it. The analysis area and the map layers are shown below.
(Bina = Buildings; Elektrik Ha = Power Lines; Fiber Hat = Telecom. Lines; Karayolu = Highway)
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(h ps://lh5.googleusercontent.com/QJSZ_A85i7mivV6EXPSQiQPHRJVdiDNBYLvf5vPfQGU=w559h516-no)
Preparing Analysis Layers (Parameters)

In AHP literature input layers are called as parameters. Fistly input parameters were generated from
map layers.
Bina (polygon) > Bina younlu u (Building density) (raster)
Elektrik Ha (line) > Elektrik Ha na Uzaklk (Distance to Power Lines) (raster)
Fiber Hat (line) > Elektrik Ha a Uzaklk (Distance to Fiber Lines ) (raster)
Karayolu (line) > Karayoluna Uzaklk (Distance to Highway) (raster)
To generate building density you can produce centroids and run kernel density analysis. For generating
distance maps you can use proximity or multi-buer tools. In this application main objects are AHP and
WLC analysis. So I dont mention much about preparing map layers (parameters). Also I recommend
that your map layers must be in same CRS. Otherwise yo can get incorrect resuts.
The generated parameters are raw so they could not used in WLC analysis after AHP. Because they are
dened in dierent units (building densitiy and distance). They must be classied and converted to same
units. I recommend r.reclass tool for this job. Distance to Fiber Lines, Distance to Power Lines, Distance
to Highway were classied as 25m, 50m, 100m, 150m, 200m, >200m six classes. And Building Density
was classied as six classes in the face of building distrubution. These four parameters are shown below.
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(h ps://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-E6-Ed-VMgpw/U_CcE7dxokI/AAAAAAAAAmA/W0SdMFLD2H8
/w642-h516-no/Fiber_ZG2.jpg)
(h ps://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-E6-Ed-VMgpw/U_CcE7dxokI/AAAAAAAAAmA/W0SdMFLD2H8
/w642-h516-no/Fiber_ZG2.jpg)
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(h ps://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-TVBgYSW447Q/U_CcE0Ww_aI/AAAAAAAAAl8/lW4lhxFiDvQ
/w612-h516-no/Bina_ZG2.jpg)
(h ps://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-r4YhVTmwXjY/U_CcHmbWS_I/AAAAAAAAAnA/9JrRU4iTPw/w640-h516-no/Karayolu_ZG2.jpg)
Easy AHP
After classication and generating parameters, we pass to next step for calculating parameter weights
using EasyAHP.
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(h ps://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-O_nYO29OfL8/U_CcIekLBuI/AAAAAAAAAm4/zv_doIqIy8/w626-h513-no/1.png)
Start the plugin and click Next bu on after reading descriptions. In this step choose the analysis
parameters. Note that AHP analysis requires 3 parameters at least and not more than 15.
(h ps://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-pLnylQRfW3U/U_CcI2h-_HI/AAAAAAAAAmc/cmKniPfqB4/w626-h513-no/2.png)
In the second step we ll the pairwise table. During comparion between parameters you can use 1 to 9
numbers. Greater numbers means more importance (Saaty, 1980). Also notice that cross cell are lled
automatically. After lling all the cells, click Calculate bu on for calculating AHP indicators. Note that
CR value must be less than 0,1. If not the pairwise table is considered as inconsistent (Saaty, 1980). The
sample pairwise table is shown below.
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(h ps://lh4.googleusercontent.com/-4vdvCtqE9Sg/U_CcJL3FI/AAAAAAAAAmo/AByM27352HA
/w626-h513-no/3.png)
After calculating AHP indicators move to next step. Now we run WLC analysis using output layer
weights of the AHP for generating vulnerability map. In this step Easy AHP uses Processing Toolboxs
SAGA Raster Calculator tool. Deafultly it installed by QGIS but make sure it runs without error. Click
Browse bu on for output location and Run the analysis. After nishing the process, result layer is added
into QGIS canvas.
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(h ps://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-vbPw0BFZ0zA/U_CcJY1oJtI/AAAAAAAAAms/MMfti4EXFA4
/w626-h513-no/4.png)
In this application sample vulnerability map was generated using Easy AHP that combines AHP and
WLC complex analysis. The result maps are shown below.
(h ps://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-GEjl3anmzKs/U_CcIGSc89I/AAAAAAAAAm8/a5zFiMmEhKo
/w601-h516-no/Son2%2B-%2BKopya.jpg)
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(h ps://lh5.googleusercontent.com/-LY4F0Jixirc/U_CcZYL7pmI/AAAAAAAAAnM/A13wMYZEczE
/w874-h516-no/GE.jpg)
By MSbilgin Posted in Python, QGIS, Raster Analizleri Tagged Afet ynetimi, AHP, zarar grebilirlik
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