Multiphase: A new

Concept of Weaving
Md. Ishtiaque Parvez Ibne Emdad
Id NO: 2014-2-2-005

Classification of Weaving Machines

Single-phase

weaving machines
Machines with shuttles (looms):
Hand operated (hand looms)
Non-automatic power looms (weft supply in shuttle changed by
hand)
Automatic

weaving machines

Shuttle changing[Rotary batteries, stack batteries, box loaders

or Pirn winder mounted on machine (Unifil)]
Pirn changing
Shuttle

less weaving machines:

Projectile
Rapier (1. Rigid Rapier 2. Flexible Rapier)
Jet Loom (1. Air Jet Loom 2. Water Jet Loom)

Classification of Weaving Machine:

Multiphase weaving machines
Wave shed machines (Weft way multiphase)
Weft carriers move in straight path
Circular weaving machines (weft carriers travel in
circular path)
Parallel

Rapier
Air jet.

shed machines (Warp way multiphase)

Development of multiphase loom

Wave shed machines (Weft way multiphase):

1. Shed progresses in waves

2. Sheds from in succession across the width of the loom
3. This type of machine may be flat or circular.

Circular Multiphase Loom:

4 to 10 Shuttle Pass in a circular path.
Widely used for producing Circular fabric for sacking or packaging material
(like Polypropylene circular fabric for heavy loading).
Wave shedding

Starlinger Circular
Loom
Optimized design and production of
cam drive mechanism, to ensure the
stability of the machine and the longrunning reduced power consumption;
Selection of the most advanced
automatic latitude compensation
system to improve machine efficiency
and reduce the incidence of rejection;
Longitude and latitude detection
devices, real-time monitoring of warp,
weft usage, break through, the weft, to
achieve position-indicating when the
weft end, and automatically shut down;
Intelligent boost control to replace the
traditional mechanical weft density
gear change
Repairing broken weft is tough.

Wave Shedding
Mechanism
Warp shed is divided into segments
Each shuttle runs in its own shed
Cam controls the heald frame or wire
segments from inside via pushrods.
Only plain and twill weave are possible.
Heald is connected elastically, by way of
an elastic traction element locked to the
fixed part of the loom.
Healds of each section are lowerly locked
to a single connection block which is
connected by a spring catch connector,
which is itself connected to the end of a
cam-controlled operating lever
Each cam controls a independent set of
connecting block thus a independent
part of a heald frame.

Filling Insertion of Circular Loom:

Mechanical Shuttle drive

Oscillating reed: It moves the shuttle and

also simultaneously beat up the inserted
weft thread.
Striking lever type elements: They push the
shuttle through the warp ends of the shed.
Rack and pinion system: The drive of each
shuttle is given through two especially
designed gears. One of which is attached to
the revolving cylinder, has teeth of special
profile to accommodate small groups of warp
ends as it mashes with the second pinion
attached to the shuttle within the warp shed.
Pressure rollers: The act on the warp ends of
the inner shed and through them on the
shuttle.

Electromagnetic
Shuttle Drive

Magnetic field: This is

set up in the form of a
magnetic field by which
the shuttle is moved.
Rotating Electromagnet:
this holds the shuttle
firmly through the warp
ends of the inner shed
and caries it when it
rotates.

Beat Up In Circular Loom

Spiked

Wheel: They reacting

through the warp ends follow
the circulating shuttle and press
the weft thread against the fell
of the fabric.
Oscillating Drop wires: They
reach through the warp ends,
after the shuttle pass and push
the weft threads against the fell
of the cloth. They are pushed
down by the next shuttle.

Flat Multiphase Loom

Shed Formation In flat Multiphase
loom:

Weft Insertion In Flat multiphase Loom

The

Contis C2 and Nuovo

Pignone TZP looms use
positive drive from the roller
on an endless chain track
fitting into the depression in
carriers.
In Ruti 6000 the weft carrier
is driven by reed dents
which applies pressure to
the rear inclined surface of
the weft carriers.

Fig: Weft carriers are driven by Oscillating

Reed Dents (Ruti 6000)

Beat up In Flat Multiphase Loom:

Beat

up is done by rotating or oscillating reeds in case

of flat multiphase loom. These kind of reeds also aid in
the weft carrier drive.

Fig: Rotating Reed for weft Carrier drive and also for
beat up.

Parallel shed machines (Warp way multiphase)

a

series of individual parallel

sheds are formed across the warp
direction, one behind the other
along the warp each extending
the whole width of the warp
sheet
These shed approach the fell of
the cloth
This concept is called Sequential
Shed principle or multi-linear
Shed Principle.

Fig: Parallel shed (Warp Way

multiphase loom).

Shedding Mechanism of Warp way multiphase Loom

A

shedding rotor is used to form

successive parallel sheds.
The rotor is consists of shed forming
element and Beat up Elements.
The weaving shed-forming elements
consist of lamellas which are provided
with seating on their top sides in which
warp threads can be received. They
form Upper shed
The yarn which miss this position and
take place at the right side of the
lamellas create bottom shed.
The position of the warp yarn is
selected by a position selection
element.

 Position selection
elements with
thread guides for
the respective warp
threads, whereby
these thread guides
can be laterally
moved between at
least two positions
The number of
position selection
devices and no of
heald frame for a
design will be equal.
And threading of the
guide of the position
selection devices
will be same as
drawing order of the
design.

Picking mechanism of Weft Thread in warp

way multiphase loom
The Picking mechanism for
the warp way multiphase
loom is of two types.
By Rapier (Gentilini
Ripomonte Loom).
By Air Jet (Sulzer Textil
M8300).

Filling Insertion By Air Jet (Sultex M8300)

The

yarn insertion system consists of a

fixed part on the one hand and of a part
rotating along with the weaving rotor on
the other hand.
In the fixed part are provided yarn feedthrough ducts, in this case four,
respectively, for the respective weft yarns
with fixed entries. Their outlets open
laterally into the part which rotates along
with the weaving rotor.
The Weft conveyor ducts formed by
recesses in the weaving shed-forming
elements.
several relay nozzles are preferably
provided, spread over the length of the
weaving rotor, which promote the
conveyance of the weft threads through the
conveyor ducts.

Beat up of Warp way multiphase loom:

Beat

up in warp way
multiphase loom is done
by the beat up elements
on the shedding rotor. It
pushes the newly
inserted weft yarns into
the fell of the cloth.

Multiphase: The future of weaving System:

Fastest Weaving machine in the world:

Sulzer textil has developed multiphase
weaving machine and brought it to
maturity. The M8300 multiphase
weaving machine is the most cost
efficient of all weaving systems.
The advantages of the multiphase
machine make their full impact when
warp densities remain unaltered for a
prolonged period of time.
Printing ground fabric, bed linen, work
apparel, light denim styles can be
produced in this machine.
warp density of 114 ends/ inch or 45
ends/cm can be produced in this
machine and yarn count 8-40 Ne.

Fastest Weaving machine in the world:

The M8300 will be used wherever 2530 % lower production cost as

compare to single phase air jet
machines.
M8300 was used exclusively for
staple fibre yarns count range 14.570 tex (8- 40 Ne). The European and
American customers were using
cotton, polyester, viscose, and blends
of these as raw materials, and
producing fabrics in basic weaves
and less elaborate designs. Filament
yarn can also be woven in range of
50 to 330 dtex.

Fastest Weaving machine in the world:

With the weft insertion rate
up to 2800 picks per/ min
(5400 m/min) are possible
meaning that up to 1500
linear meter of printing
ground fabric can be
produced daily.
On the basis of practical
observation it is known that a
complete style change on
M8300 is possible in less the
3 hrs.

References
Behera,

BK , Hari PK, Developments in weaving machine, Indian Journal of Fiber and Textile
Research Vol. 19, September 1994, p 172-176.
Sartorius C. The Fastest Weaving machine in the World, Sulzer Technical Review 99/3.
Corain L, Heald Control System for a Travelling Wave Shedding Loom, US patent no.4,538,648
Sartorius C. A market breakthrough of multiphase Weaving system. Sulzer Technical Review.
Gokerneshan N, Jegadeesan N, Dhanapal P, Recent Innovation of loom Shedding Mechanism, Indian
Journal of Fiber and Textile Research Vol. 35, March 2010, p 85-94.
Strauss EH, Guide arrangement for Weft Thread Inserting Elements, US Patent no 3,683,969.
A. Ormerod and W. Sondhelm; "Weaving Technology and Operating", The Textile Institute, p180
(1995)
K. Chikaoka and M. Ishida; J. Text. Mach. Soc. Japan, 49, p62 (1996)
Beitelschmidt M, Helfenstein A, Better Fabrics through Knowledge of Thread Forces, Sulzer
Technical Review 2/2001.
Sondhelm WS, Technical Fabric Structures- Woven Fabric, Handbook of Technical Textile. P 78- 87.
Shaw H, Weaving Machine as well as a method for forming a fabric by means of such weaving
machine. European patent no EP 1 497 487 B1.