COLD INSULATION THICKNESS CALCULATION

S.No

Description

Formulae

Unit

Value

Input

Table.1

Ambient temperature

Ta

35.8

2
3
4

Operating temperature
Relative humidity
Emissivity of surface(Aluminium dull finish)

5
6

Wind velocity
Diameter of Shell

To
Rh

Vw

C
%

-34
85
0.3

m/s
mm

0.5
250

Insulation material selected

8
9

Type of Heat Exchanger (Shape & condition)

Insulation thickness assumed for Iteration

Poly urethane

Horizontal Plates, cooler than

t

inch
mm
m

3.37
85.5980
0.085598

mm
inch
o
F
o
F

273.1
10.924
96.44
-29.2

7
Shape and Condition
Horizontal Cylinders
Long Vertical Cylinders
Vertical Plates
Horizontal Plates, Warmer than air Facing upward
Horizontal Plates, Warmer than air Facing downward
Horizontal Plates, Cooler than air Facing upward
Horizontal downward
Plates, cooler than air Facing downward
air Facing
Sphere

C Values
1.016
1.235
1.394
1.79
0.89
0.69
1.79
1.8159

CALCULATION
10

Outside diameter of shell

d0

11
12

Ambient temperature
Operating temperature

13
14

Wind velocity
Dew point corresponding to Ambient & Rh

Ta
To
Vw

15

Minimum surface temperature over

insulation to prevent condensation

TDP

16
17
18

Heat gain by Radiation as per Stefan-Boltzmann

Average absolute temperature
Temperature difference

19
20

Diameter over Insulation

C value corresponding to the type of heat exchanger

ft/min
o
C

98.4
32.8

91.09

33.38

1.26

92.09

1.22

Btu/ft2/h
o
R
o
F

1.543
553.9
4.35

10
12
14

1.19
1.15
1.1

inch

17.5
1.79

16
18

1.08
1.06

20
22

1.04
1.07

Ts = TDP + 1
Qr = 0.174*10-8*E*
[(Ta+459.6)4-(Ts+459.64)4]
T = (Ta+Ts)/2
T= Ta-Ts
=do+2(t)
C

from table.1

22

Qca = C * (1/d)0.2 *
Heat gain by Convection as per Heilman's equation
(1/T)0.181 * (T)1.266
(Modification of Langmuir Eqn)
Btu/ft2/h
1.103
d = O.D of cylindrical surface or height of vertical flat surface(for anything 24" or more use values listed for 24)=24
Multiplication factor for diameter over
from Table 2
1.065
insulation from Thermal Insulation handbook

23

Revised heat gain by convection for Insulation over shell

24
25

Revised heat gain by convection for wind velocity

Hence Surface heat gain

26
27
28

Thermal Resistance
Thermal Conductivity of Insulation material
Calculated Thickness of Insulation

29

Outer radius of shell

R = (Ts-To)/Q
K,
from data - I/p
T= R * K
r1= do/(2)

30

Radius over insulation

ro = r1 + t

31

Iterating Equivalent thickness of insulation for pipelines

such that Eq.thk > thk. Of insln. For flat surface

t1 = ro*ln(ro/r1)

32

Sufficiency of thickness

21

Qca'=Qca * Multipli.factor
Qca"=Qca'
*((Vw+68.9)/68.9)0.5
Q = Qr + Qca"

Table.2
INCHES
1
2
4
6

Btu/ft2/h
Btu/ft2/h
Btu/ft2/h
kcal/m2/h
m2hoC/kcal
kcal/mhoC
m

1.174
1.8298
3.372
9.139
7.373
0.01462
0.1078

0.137

0.222

m
if t1 < T, Assumed thk. Is sufficient

0.108109
OK

MULTIPLICATION FACTOR
1.83
1.64
1.43
1.37

HOT INSULATION THICKNESS CALCULATION

S.No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Description
Input
Ambient temperature
Surface temperature
Emissivity of surface
Wind velocity

Formulae

Unit

Ta
Ts

Vw

Value

30
60
0.3

m/s

kg/m3
o

25
40
50

33.4
48.3
60.3

65
80

73
88.9

100

114.3

125

141.3

150
200

168.3
219.1

303

8
9
10

250

273.1

355.6

11

300

323.9

333

12

350

355.6

350

mm

OD

300.0

Gr 3 ( 81-120 kg/m3)

10
thk selection
NB

2
3
4
5
6

Insulation material selected

Density of mineral wool
Operating temperature
To

12
cell link
S.No

Nominal diameter of the pipe

Calculation
Ambient temperature

Ta

10

Outside Diameter of pipe

do

11

Surface temperature

Ts

12

Heat loss thro' radiation

Qr

=(4.876*10-8)**(Ts4-Ta4)

Kcal/sqm.hr

56.573

13

400

406.4

13
14
15

Heat loss thro' convection

Allowable heat loss from insulation
Surface film co-efficient

Qc
Q
F

=1.683*(Ts-Ta)1.25*((2.857Vw)+1)0.5

Kcal/sqm.hr
Kcal/sqm.hr
Kcal/sqm.hr

232.065
288.639
9.621

450
500
550

457.2
508
558.8

16

Mean temperature

=(Ts+To)/2

180

600

609.6

17

Thermal Conductivity at mean temperature K

From table

o
C
Kcal/sqm.hr
deg.C

14
15
16
17

0.3956

18
19

Heat loss thro' calculation

Selected thickness by iteration

20

Select nearest available thickness

Kcal/sqm.hr
m
mm
mm

218.263
0.2878
287.8198
300

mm
K

= Qr +Qc
= Q/(Ts-Ta)

=
(To-Ta) /
((((do+2t)/2k)*ln((do+2t)/do))+(1/F))
=if((Ts>To),0,(K*((To-Ta)/Q)-(1/F)))

Thermal Conductivity - mW/cmoC

Mean temperature - oC
1
50
0.49
0.43
0.43
0.43

3
Gr 1 ( 12-50 kg/m3)
Gr 2 ( 51-80 kg/m3)
Gr 3 ( 81-120 kg/m3)
Gr 4 ( 121-160 kg/m3)
3
150

1
2
3
4
4
200

180

2
100
0.69
0.52
0.52
0.52

3
150
0.95
0.64
0.62
0.62

4
200
----0.78
0.73
0.68

5
250
----0.93
0.84
0.8

6
300 Max temp.
----250
1.1
400
0.95
550
0.9
750

4.6