Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Entuo-
.,i.rac.ttttt.
Biljana Sikimii
Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Institute for Balkan Studies, Belgrade
Bilj ana. Sikimic@bi. sanu. ac.rs
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ABSTRACT: This paper is a condensed version ol a longer study published in Serbian r.r,hich
analysed the hybrid status ol' intervie'nr.s conducted in the n.runicipality of KnjaZevac during
tl.re Summer School of Serbian Folklore in July 20 13. The examples used lbr analysis are tiom
transcripts of conversations'"vith four inlbmants who collect medicinal plants, professionally or
as a hobby, in the Eastern Serbia. A questionnairc designed to elicit information on the f'unction of
plants intangible heritage when intervieu in-u non-specialists (and not rvhen intervicu'ing cornpetent
herbalists and healers) is presented in the appcndix to this paper.
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Key Words: methodology of llcld rvorl<, ethnobotany. phytopharmacy, popular scientific discourse,
intervieu.ing
: ''.;c)luKll
.
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Klt
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.:. )ui(Klr
." -loua.
The methodology
of qualitative
itself.
.:.1OJ)d;
::,1 lr-.la
'.:
.t:Jd b\
l:",krrr
ict
: . r'Llitor
Kepot'
One of the major themes in the r.nonogtaph Proceedings of XYY Congress of'
Federcttion of Associalions of yugoslor folklorists l36opuux od XXXI Kott?pec tL(l
Cojysc.tm ua sdpvtreuujantct uo c\o:tx-topucntume Hd Jyzc.tc:raeujal (Cxonje 1986) is the
methodology of field work.r The inten-rational scientific literature on the methodology
of qualitative research today is so extensive that it is practically insurmor-tntable, but
it is easily accessible over the internet. The universal interest in the methodoiogy of
fleld rvork is reflected in the range olcurrently avaiiable Serbian monographs, thematic
rThis contribution is
a result
ol L,ducalion, Sciencc
ar.rd
113
Biljana Sikimii
;lt3
anlhropologl,
an
:ll
at tlre Serbian
:;i
ffi:",i#:l,slltute
)rators rvhose primary fielcls
th rop ot ogy., an
lds
are linguistic
anthronol,,^,,
tinnri.r;,1
rh rop o gv
f).r.r^--.
r
1 i"..' ,,"a,;.i;l:?JH::.r
^r r"r
"r
I
i Sciences
!
::: art,
I urj
uro
I
The c -,,
be consid:. -:
a popular .: ;:
questions ,, - -
!::ffi
The S,-::
but
'
conversatra: :
ll.;r*ir t, ilil,,ffi ti *
Novi Sad and ilre Ho,rerard
ih$
n;,;r;;;,';'lnjazJr,ac.u ,,,lojii"r',"
":r';:.;.;,rff
the ge,erar mission
,;
p
,i : r,T;: : :ll :;illl:,:
uu .,re. t
lr. ;: i:t ;1*1: :,: :,:,,,.,.1.i i..much
i
iiandil linguistic
",,.,
" "
anthropological
i"""i,:i: il i J?,:
data as
the conver..:'
demonstrai:::
were being :=:
documents -:-
possible.
r",il],"il?iifJr?.Hiilif:,HilllL:ere
can be rbund
In the;..:
field rvork :..: -
by an inte: , -
domain).'
transfbnr
aboi,e. The
i..rrori,,.'ine idenritllr,..i"cLrrors ancr students
of the Sumrn., s.t oor instructors
"i:,,r.
are stated.
s.'.u,.;;;;;";l.Sciences
\. .
t::;
t,*.*rl,2ffiron,,
:ilr,,,,nr(,\;-il;;1,;:',;il,';]];iIjJ;j]
C'apoZnregai -Gulin
' rn.
.:
made durir:.
;.,
interloctit..:.,-:
work, inter. -,.
and Arts.
:-.
*, m*
studl'g^cs r,,
Thisisuhr :.
practicalh : :.:
,-il::l,rrrrru,,npn-r,xp11,urr,r0r:BrcrHrr,r,rll:ri.rrrrrrrrh
201.1;
Zrnic i,-"r"ri,illli''rrr,..r\r1rl4iap
r"' C'i
Li.oatian oI in translation:
Santek 2006; l3o \tber 1005). "t1161y1 2011 (in
,roi,i',=r";.;;;r',;:
lbr Balkan til;il,;llrlrttl
All th:.:
::;*xi#,:1,i;11,"
t;:H: ff
;:, tx*
police
intr: .:.:
also difler;:
the Surut
liiril:'l'Hi:J,".'"Jy;IkTT': 'r,'l#1,1::l::J:,'IIJilll;fi::xlfili;ilii;lJfi]::;il::;llffiil;
l:,'p 111,,r- orr
111
betweert tl:. .. .
than in oi 1'..: . -
rrtcdre i.al
n,.,, ,,, ,*r.1,* ll" ilrror",,no 10r0. r.his
"*,ri"r",r't.iu)nographic
,..1 ,'":ii..';..:,:,'l'1,'.fn,,,",,,n,,,-.,,,h.iic,rrrcs
.11"',r,.,"*;;o',;l',,",'''"''lJil;i:j;lllillll;l..il;.,:,,1
rr
rrtrsr'rlrrr)
''
r)ll
\lil\lc
'
1,,11,
tllttt,rhotlrnr l)r. rgq..1111. f...,,.r.rlr,',,,i)..,i;;
Ku.tl6o3x 111111y,.
;:;.
" N,{ore detaiis aboLrt
observatioi:.
the purpose
do, becaLts.
C,
Analr...
useful in .r:.,,. ,
::
ofthe nrate::,
r-:'
it ua: ::
education.
I 'fhc pro-.:
knos ledg; .
knou ieil_t:
r,r
Ir tl)c
,,rs :Cr
sccor.ld.lr_],.usc
r,il(lir
ol_rluaiitatire cjata. st:e Berg
20011.
200(r.
lit i
: ..:r.rience ol the
--
m folk knowledge
been conducted in
ence ofplants in
i mmer School
of
rf Philosophy in
he general mission
le
h
knowledgeable
anthropological
The conversations and interviews that took place during the Summer School may
be considered complex: on the one hand, the interlocutors had prepared ancl rehearsed
a popular science presentation. On the other hand, the specialized audience could ask
qr.iestions r.vhich were not given to the speakers before their presentations. so there were
elements of spontaneous. natural speech.
The Summer School had a double goal to which all the participants agreed. [t was
educational inthe sense thatthe students u,,ere tobecome fan, iliarwith localphytopharmacy,
but it was also practical, i.e. they \\,ere to learn how to do field work, to conduct a
conversation by themselves during the field work. The instructors also participated in
the conversations alongside tl.re students. Their position was rather colnplex: they were
demonstrating how to conduct this (Placeholderl)kind of conversation, but since they
were being recorded, they also had to bear in nTind that they needed to collect audio
documents on the chosen topics. The1. had to judge on the spot whether the archived form
nexoeumoz 6uma
t Serbian together
ed conversations
rned above. The
lors and students
;f the pre-arranged
presentations but
s, lasting about 5
2013; llerponuh
rr in translation:
rkovid (lnstitute
q' of Philology,
esxo 2010. This
:rary belieftales
natized by B. B.
te
ofthe Faculty
pol,vtirnctional use.
knorvleigc is prescnted in the contribulion b-v Sretlana Cirkolii. She used uaterial lrortl Kosovo antl Metohijl:
(C'ill<or ic
knorvleclgc ofthe tcchnolqgy ol'tladitional potterl,(Rrpnourh). traclitional heating ancl phltophrrnrrc;
2006. 2008. 200Ea). Orilija Hedeian also proposes a lypologl of interlocutors in ileld $ ork (Hedeian 2005).
115
Biljana Sikimid
,","fr:;;.'il';nfiflJJ
be in quesrion form
A comment
x
ii;l,llJ[il:H:::i:[it';x,H[i1:i;::i::::"J#;:::l,TJr:l',"#ffi
s i,
ai,
a,criticar o. un ui*.nutive
point of view.
oirr.*r,
iind
the closest possibre contact
witli the" in,Jo.uro,
the researchers' stratesies
and c,ra,un zoo+,
ofapproaJ;l;;;
r,rrtegy is ro create
rr^:1.:
,pl..h ;;il;
;..""
qtttttions or pseudoquestions.
colpus fio'n the Summer
In the
School. r,r,,'tt
1l-"]r::o
srrrce there u as orrlv
orr *},o rpot. tl,il.a'i.rH"uiXl'",ffi.Tli;::il:Tfrtli::*?;
used an idiorect.,,",,u,ll
to rhc standar.d
ripi,
I4eaHoni
IJrsa
\'lil.r.:
Kluxonl -. (]P-,::,.
]1,;,
Ko,,toccre.,.
P.t'.'
"llr.'xrrh. \1,
cA_:. . . .:
.i
medicinar pran ts
:i,'l J'?*J""],:1"-"';" "
thc kind or'persorr ,o
i
t; ;;,;r;
r*,,rJ'il::,::,"q"cialist.
The q uesri onrr']]:"1 l'.?'thropo logi car u"a ri"g rirt* i, I'1"i.*.
,:ffi',Tiilt,.-,T.*,il,;ffi :":,,,JJ,:,j,,xf"-3,:'ffi
*rh*;;'xfr :Hi
ri. .::
Il.ror urr. .
Ilonsrti;r
....
npruo
na Jy,
Carcnunh.
Teve
C-,tuxt
8
Aurouajee uh,
.{paroc-a:
()n x)xr K()r..rtt,ct1
l]xtrl
Hct c"r1'1"111
rr'"ropa"'
t'|iopttu^'
':''^';t;"'"i::;,i::i':i,';irn:::,:),";do
Lnuntc H(t Jt"Ltc.tttt;ttrrt.
xcDN. Krru.*-ah llsaH
rr^^.. (2014)'
..^. .
T?percra .:tuHrrlrcnluK.t.
Eeorpa.,r: @a.;ro,.rolrrn
ffi;rJ;^ap'
,punyr.",
^
Byvrauh
H"rron"rh. g.,
()r, rt)rl.rLttrrttH().,rt.","'nl3l'
^
l\ctn"'tntr'"trfat1111
1t1'11,
1'n,'r(fitpll,t{r6(tt
,"r,
1-93
Cuxuutrh,
u Mer,
Jeanx
y llprrm
Czxzrraah.
5l
rlcrp
trleari
Tpuuorcrrr.
.l_,-il,t=,:iii:;:::;:':),;:!:j:::yirF#Iil",1ffi:ji.^":;:"::."":,.::,:::,
I acpr..roHult. ,6r.
patlicaau: i09 l2q
sarm (2rilt\) )...o no ,,,
116
rF
Czr<ralrrrh-
BIBLIOGRAPI{Y
. g.
.L:
\ \.:'
L"
"Jiil
norrrtallv be an intorrrrr,,,
,otrrursa*onurt.
l! ij
fl::1,.,:
i'#1"T',:'J,-.;T;::i'H#:
.'l:'::J'#:,H;.:,"i1:"i;:;';#::.:i.i,i::,ff
tr'"'t' a"nt'';;;
il;;;;; ;o ut
('rirrnig;:r- r42.
r.- r .
Pr !)'
I L(Tll,
r.
6er,. :'
langrrage r al.iery.
Concluding remarks
\ It,. .
rx
r-r-: - -
hupr<oerh.
rroIrax,BaHue, u
rpyrue Bxltbr crparei_,fi
Kpar]
nr'"olo,'r'_"I'a,.'n,,t,
tZOtirll. ...florcra
, --,._uruqrrrre
rbrBaurc.
_.\:L\,r
lepat
huproeuh.
[.
K"uuxouaq,
o I i t an
ct
lyrura
opttlHauuju"' Tec'tpuict<o-tetnor)otottrxu
It uy. u u u (tc lt
r:.t
cr
ct.t c m
u .r, B.w<o
(21.
Ka3uBaILy, lreBar.y
- Harrolre,e
a mpadnnluje. dto;tx1toptto u
Jb.v6uuxoeuhl,
,;,;;;;;;;;
Heuai)t,
d. Mocxsa.
2.
Hrru_r:
847-g5g.
{i4{
;,;;;; ),i.,
uu
c,,
3d opau.
r.,"JT;::il"[H"
Jli:HIi:tHIf ilj"l],,
:71.
trroapcxor Ko,rauu,a...
l46ap.xu
Ko_tcttut.ru.
Lt7
Biljana Sikirnii
Ba.i.
eorr:h
33 I 3
1'7
Calendar
1.
2.
9-1 92.
Bo, Stefan /Veber, Florans (2005). Voclii kroz terensku onketlt. Beograd: Zat.odza udZbenike i
nastavna sredstva.
2009.
Claynran.StevenE.(2010).,,Questionsinbroadcastjoumalism".
Wh.ycloyouask?TheJiutctionof
questions' in inslilutional discourse (A. Frecd, S. Ehrlich, eds.). New York: Orfbrd Universitv
Press:256 278.
poetiko
i politika
folklolistiku.
Plan. : -
3.
\irle
4.
\\al r,
5.
Har
-,.
6.
App
:.
1.
Goirr--
8.
Mak
\tar
_-
r ilrc
,slcn-l] -
10. Belie:
1r:- '*
11. Makir
I J+5.
the
r'' ,
L). (iotrr-
-l-lt.'
na
Kosovu
i Metohiji
147 18t.
Georg
Alice /Ehrich, Susan (eds.) (201 0). Wht do ,-ou ask? The.funcrion of qttestions in in.stittttional
discourse. New York: Oxlbrd Unir,.ersity press.
Hede5an, Otilija (2005). ,,Jedan teren Tresnjevica u dolini Morave". Bamaurtt ua Ea.txau.y'.
Ilderrmurnem emHLtqKe sajeduutle (8. crxuuuh, yp.). Bcorpag: Ba.lxauo:roruxn r{HCTUryr
CAHY: 13-106.
Sokole'"vicz, Zolia (1986).,,Metodoloika koncepcija ispitivanja u obliku dijaloga". 3doprttrx ot)
XXXI xoutpec ua Lloiysom uu sdptttt'eutldma Ho (to:rxlropucmunte ua Jvzoctaeuia. Cxo;16:
213 218.
Thornborrorv, Joanna (20 1 0). ,,Questions and institutionality in public participation broadcasting".
llth.v do.vott aslr? TheJunction o/ questions in ittstittrtioncrl discotu-se (A. Freed, S. Ehrlich,
Free d,
13. Ct't,:.-'
lz1. Rai:r: -
lE. Thc,.-.
It). Ten.t '- -"
20. Bra,.: 21. Thc. --
279 296.
)2.
-1'h; .
23. I ig
,:
the
i'IllLl
\.|
25. T::'
Agriculttt t'r
118
HO\\r1'Ol\LKA]lOUTPI-ANTS:QUESTIONSOFNI]:ITHODOLOGY
1.
1-he preparation
3.Yulelog:cuttingtheYtrlcloganclther,l,al.itisusedirrthehotrselrolcl.
4
5.
6.
1.
8.
g.
-l0.
11.
r'r'ith the
Going out into the Vine,vard otr St. Trvphon's Day (and the actions
vine).
tales aboul a
Belief tales about the old \\roll]all Marta ancl the first grass. Belicf
flo"ver or
frrst
her the
step-motl.rer or a trother in lau r.vho scnds a gill to Llring
the first fi-uit.
Eve o1 St'
Making u,reaths and pickillg hcrbs otr St Gcorge's DaY or orl thc
George's Dav.
and r'vhete)'
12. Brotherhoocl and sisterhood (u,hat hind ot r\'reath is rlade
land'
lJ. Crosses made of clogri ood/haze I on arable
14. Raising the Ma-v Pole (\qvodina).
15. Vitus' grass on Sailrt Vittrs' Da)'.
the Baplist's Day'
16. Gathering grass ancl blaicling u'rcaths on St' John
olr'r,il1or'r cltl Lazartts Saturday
Tlte Ltse ol'grass lll I-rrstcl tillle.
17. The
ffi
rJ.
r-rse
il
$
20.
21.
22.
_-).
tt
{l
24.
Molldal"
Agriculture
l.
Biljana Sikirnii
2.
J.
4.
5.
a1i
its
lru tions
".r.
irrr
6.
Ae
7.
Grape picking.
Life Cycle
1'
2'
3'
.
!S
,:::',i.*r"'nility:
"aa"a
Braiding weddingwreaths.
other prants during weddings (rosernary).
The appre
throwing custom. Making tt
wejJ*g t.e".
Plants used to protect the
"
newlyweaciuple.
deceased' Sor'ving
Translated by
Borislava Erako,,.ii
Copy editor
Alison Kapor
120