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ACI318-08 APPENDIX D - ANCHORING TO CONCRETE

FOR

MADE BY

DATE

CKD. BY

DATE

XYZ Baseplate

CONCRETE ANCHOR DESIGN BASED ON ACI318-08 APPENDIX D

NOTES

Basic Design Parameters: (SEC D.3-D.4)


Loads:

(Per Applicable Loads Combinations in Sect. 9.2; load applications that are
predominantly high cycle fatigue or impact loads are not covered.)

Nua =

34

kN

Ultimate Factored Tensile Load (kN)

Vua =

18

kN

Ultimate Factored Shear Load (kN)

Factor Conditions:
Ductile
Yes
J or L Bolt

Category 1

Potential Failure Surfaces crossed by supplementary reinforcement


proportioned to tie prism into the structural member?
Anchor Type

N/A - Only applicable to Post-installed anchors

Anchor located in a region of concrete member where analysis


indicates no cracking at service load levels? (YES = No Cracking Antic

No

Anchors are located in structure assigned to Seismic Design Category C, D, E, or F. (Se

Concrete Type

Steel strength of anchor in tension:


Nsa =

nAsefuta

NOTE: Hooks bolts are typically not

Yes

Normalweight

Steel Element

(SEC D.5.1)

Assumes no eccentricity in bolt group loading

n=
Ase, N =

Number of Anchors in a Group

1.23

in2

Effective Cross Sectional Area of Anchor

futa =

58

ksi

Specified Tensile strength of anchor steel

fy =

36

ksi

Specified Yield strength of anchor steel

Nsa =

285.36

Ns

214.02

>

Nu =

Concrete Breakout strength of anchor in tension:


Ncb =

Anc

34.00

(SEC D.5.2)

ed,Nc,Ncp,NNb

Single Anchor

(D-4)

ec,Ned,Nc,NYcp,NNb

Group of Anchors

(D-5)

Anco

Ncbg =

Anc
Anco

Anc =

1267.5

in2

Projected concrete failure area of anchor or group of anchors. See RD.6.2.1(b)

hef =

12

in

Effective anchor embedment depth

ca,min =

11.5

in

The smallest edge distance

ca,max =

200

in

The largest edge distance

f'c=

4000

psi

in

e'N =
Edges =
cac =

Eccentricity of Normal Force on a group of anchor. See Figure RD.5.2.4

Number of Edges surrounding anchor or group of anchors. See Figure RD.5.2.4 Comm

12

in

Critical edge distance required to develop the basic concrete breakout strength of a pos

installed anchor in uncracked concrete w/o supplementary reinforcement to control spli

Anco =

9hef

Projected area of the failure surface of a single anchor remote from edges for c a,
of 1.5hef or greater

ec,N =

1
(

ed,N =
=

1+

<1
2e'N
3hef

1
0.7 + 0.3 cmin

Modification factor for eccentrically loaded anchor groups

)
if Cmin > 1.5hef Modification factor for edge effects
if Cmin < 1.5hef Modification factor for edge effects

1.5 hef
c,N =

1.25

for Cast-in anchors in uncracked section

Ycp,N =
Nb =

1.00
kcf'c1/2hef3/2

Nb =

16f'c hef

for Post-installed anchors in uncracked section w/o supplemental reinforcement


Basic concrete breakout strength
k = 24 for cast-in anchor

1/2

Anco =

1296.0

ec,N =

1.00

ed,N =

0.89

c,N =
Ycp,N =

Alternative concrete breakout strength for 11in < hef < 25in.

in 2

1.25
1.00

Nb =
Ncb g =
Ncb =
4

5/3

63.70

69.44

52.08

>

Pullout strength of anchor in tension:


Npn =

Nu =

34.00

(SEC D.5.3)

c,PNp

NOT ONE

Abrg =

2.24

eh=
da=

3.0
1.0

Bearing area of single headed stud or anchor bolt.


See Table 1.

in2
in
in

Distance from the inner surface of the shaft to the outer tip of the bolt. 3da<eh<4
Outside diameter of anchor or shaft diameter

Np =

Abrg8f'c

The pullout strength in tension of a single headed stud or bolt

Np =

0.9f'cehda

The pullout strength in tension of a single hooked bolt

NOTE: Hooks bolts not preferred due to the oil used in bending hook which negle

c,P =

1.40

Np =

15.12

Np g =
5

75.26

Assume that the force is shared evenly w/ other bolts, if multiple anchors.

>

Nu =

8.50

Concrete Side-Face Blowout strength of Headed anchor in tension:


Single Anchor:

Nsb =

160ca1Abrg1/2f'c1/2

Ca1 =

in

Distance from center of anchor shaft to the edge of concrete

Ca2 =

in

Distance from center of anchor shaft to the edge of concrete in direction


orthogonal to C = Ca1 See Commentary Figure 1.

Distance from center of anchor shaft to the edge of concrete in direction


orthogonal to C = Ca1 See Commentary Figure 1.

Factor =
Nsb =

0.625

Nsb

Ca2 < 3*Ca1

37.86

28.40

Nu =

<

34.00

Multiple Anchors:

Nsbg =

(1 + s/6ca1)Nsb

s=

in

Nsbg =

68.15

Nsbg

51.11

Nu =

>

Steel strength of anchor in shear:

34.00

(SEC D.6.1)

Vsa =

nAse,Vfuta

For cast-in headed stud anchors

Vsa =

0.6nAse,Vfuta

For cast-in headed bolt & hooked bolt anchors

Vsa =

0.6nAse,Vfuta

For post-installed anchors

Grout?
Ase,V=

Spacing of the outer anchors along the edge in the group.

NO
1.23

Is anchor in builtup grout pad?


in^2

fut=

58

ksi

Vsa =

171.22

Vsa

185.48

Effective cross-sectional area of expansion or under


if sleeve is within shear plane.
Specified tensile strength of anchor sleeve.

>

Vu =

Concrete Breakout strength of anchor in shear:


Vcb =

Avc

18.00

(SEC D.6.2)

ed,Vc,Vh,VVb

Single Anchor

(D-21)

ec,Ved,Vc,Vh,VVb

Group of Anchors

(D-22)

Avco

Vcbg =

Avc
Avco

Avc =

498

in2

Projected concrete failure area on an anchor or group of anchors. See Figure 4 Comme

Ca1* =

11.5

in

Distance from center of anchor shaft to the edge of concrete in one direction.See Comm

in

Eccentricity of shear force on a group of anchors. See Figure 5 Commentary

12

in

Load bearing length of anchor for shear. See Table 2 Commentary.

1.5

in

Outside diameter of anchor or shaft diameter of headed stud, headed bolt, or hooked b

12

in

e'v =
le =
da =
ha =
Enter Case:

Case 1: No supplementary reinforcement or edge reinfo


4 bar. of member in which an anchor is anchored, parallel to anchor axis.
Thickness

Case 2

Case 2: Supplementary reinforcement of a No. 4 bar or


and the edge.

Case 3: Supplementary reinforcement of a No. 4 bar or


and the edge, and with the supplementary reinforcemen
spaced at not more than 4 in.

Vb =

7(le/da)0.2da1/2f'c1/2Ca11.5

See commentary

7 Continued

ec,V =

1
(

ed,V =
=

<1
2e'v

1+

3c1

1.0
0.7 + 0.3

Modification factor for eccentrically loaded anchor groups

if Ca2 > 1.5Ca1 Modification factor for edge effects

ca2

if Ca2 < 1.5Ca1 Modification factor for edge effects

1.5 ca1
c,V =

Anchor in uncracked section

ec,V =

1.00

ed,V =

0.85

c,V =

1.40

h,V =

1.20

Avco =

288.00

in2

Vb =

18.60

45.88

34.41

Vcb g =
Vcb g =

1.4

h,V = (1.5ca1 / ha) ^ 0.5

>

Vu =

Concrete Pryout strength of anchor in shear:

18.00

(SEC D.6.3)

(where ha < 1.5ca1)

Vcp =

kcpNcb

Single Anchor

(D-30)

Vcpg =

kcpNcbg

Group of Anchors

(D-31)

Kcp =

for hef < 2.5

Kcp =

for hef > 2.5

Ncb g =
Vcp g =
Vcp g =

69.44

138.88

104.16

>

Interaction of tensile and shear forces:

Vua =

18.00

(SEC D.7)

if Vua < 0.2Vn

Nn > NUA

if Nua < 0.2Nn

Vn > VUA

if Nua > 0.2Nn & Vua > 0.2Vn

NUA
Nn

VUA
Vn

<

Version 1.5
Job No.

Summary
Failure Type

Sheet No.

Steel Failure (T)


Concrete Breakout (T)
Pullout (T)
Side-face Blowout (T)
Steel Failure (V)

NOTES & SKETCHES

Concrete Breakout (V)


Concrete Pryout (V)
Stress Ratio
1

Anchor Type:

Number Identifier

J or L Bolt

SteelFactor Selection:
Tension
Ductile

0.75

Brittle

0.65

mentary reinforcement
ConcreteFactor Selection:

olts are typically not a good design practice.

Condition A
Shear Loads

0.75

Tension Loads
Cast-in:

0.75

Post-installed

er where analysis
YES = No Cracking Anticipated)

Category 1

0.75

Category 2

0.65

sign Category C, D, E, or F. (Sect. D3.3)

Category 3

0.55

Concrete Type:
Normalweight

(D-3)

Number Identifier
1

Values used in design:


fut =

0.75

OK

chors. See RD.6.2.1(b)

Figure RD.5.2.4

rs. See Figure RD.5.2.4 Commentary

crete breakout strength of a post

ry reinforcement to control splitting.

chor remote from edges for ca,min

58

o supplemental reinforcement

0.75

OK

(D-14)

Note: When an additional plate or washer is add


head of the anchor, it shall be permitted to calcu
projected area of the failure surface by projectin
failure surface outward 1.5hef from the effective
of the plate or washer. (Section D5.2.8)
Values used in design:
k=
24

1 =

1.00

outer tip of the bolt. 3da<eh<4.5da

hef =

12

An =
(D-15)
Fastener Diameter (in.)

1267.5

Gross Area of
Fastener (in.2)

(D-16)

ed in bending hook which neglects friction.

0.75

olts, if multiple anchors.

OK

(SEC D.5.4)

(D-17)

of concrete in direction

0.250

0.049

0.375

0.110

0.500

0.196

0.625
0.750

0.307
0.442

0.875
1.000
1.125

0.601
0.785
0.994

1.250
1.375
1.500

1.227
1.485
1.767

1.750

2.405

2.000

3.142

Summary of D

0.75

Ronald Cook, "Strength Design of Anchorage to Concrete,"

N/A
5
(D-18)

0.75

OK
7

(D-19)
(D-20)
(D-20)

expansion or undercut anchor sleeve,

hor sleeve.

0.65

OK

anchors. See Figure 4 Commentary

Values used in design:

Ca2/Ca1 =

1.50

Use

1.50

rete in one direction.See Commentary

igure 5 Commentary

stud, headed bolt, or hooked bolt.

ement or edge reinforcement smaller than a No.

arallel to anchor axis.

ent of a No. 4 bar or greater between the anchor

ent of a No. 4 bar or greater betwwen the anchor


entary reinforcement enclosed withing stirrups

Ca1* Refers to the case where anchors are located at varying dista
attachment so as to distribute the force to all the anchors, it shall b
distance to the farthest row of anchors from the edge. In this case
the distance from the edge to the exis of farthest anchor row that is
assumed to be carried by this critical anchor row alone. FOR THE

Load bearing length of an


12.0

l < 8*da =

l = hef =

12.0

l = 2*da =

3.0

0.75

TABLE 2

See code section D.6.2.3 for alternative calculation of Vb.

Values used for design


11.5

Ca1 =

ec,V =
OK

ed,V =
Av =

0.75

OK

Vua < 0.2Vn


Nua < 0.2Nn
Single
Group
Nua>0.2Nn & Vua>0.2Vn

Single
N/A
N/A

1.2

OK

Group

COMMENTARY & SUPPLEMENTAL CALCULATIONS


Utilization Ratio
0.159
0.653
0.113
0.665
0.097
0.523
0.173
1.188

SteelFactor Selection:
Shear

Selection
0.65

0.75

0.6

actor Selection:
Condition B
0.7

0.75

0.7

0.75

0.65
0.55
0.45

0.65

ed in design:

onal plate or washer is added at the


shall be permitted to calculate the
failure surface by projecting the
d 1.5hef from the effective perimeter
r. (Section D5.2.8)

ed in design:

Effective Area of
Threaded Fastener

Bearing Area of Heads, Nuts, and Washers (Ab) (in2)


Square

Heavy Square

Hex

Heavy Hex

Hardened Washers

0.032

0.142

0.201

0.117

0.167

0.258

0.078

0.280

0.362

0.164

0.299

0.408

0.142

0.464

0.569

0.291

0.464

0.690

0.226
0.334

0.693
0.824

0.822
1.121

0.454
0.654

0.671
0.911

1.046
1.252

0.462
0.606
0.763

1.121
1.465
1.854

1.465
1.855
2.291

0.891
1.163
1.472

1.188
1.501
1.851

1.804
2.356
2.982

0.969
1.160
1.410

2.288
2.769
3.295

2.773
3.300
3.873

1.817
2.199
2.617

2.237
2.659
3.117

3.682
4.454
5.301

1.900

4.144

6.541

2.500

5.316

7.903

Table 1
Summary of Dimensional Properties of Fasteners

esign of Anchorage to Concrete," PCA, 1999.

ed in design:

FIGURE 4

e anchors are located at varying distances from the edge and the anchors are welded to the
the force to all the anchors, it shall be permitted to evaluate the strength based on the
anchors from the edge. In this case, it shall be permitted to base the value of Ca1 (Ca1*) on
the exis of farthest anchor row that is selected as critical, and all of the shear shall be
critical anchor row alone. FOR THE CASE OF A SINGLE ROW LEAVE CELL BLANK

Load bearing length of anchor for shear (l)


in
For anchors with a constant stiffness over the full
length of the embedded section. i.e. headed studs or
post-installed anchors with one tubular shell over the
full length of the embedment depth

in

in
For torque-controlled expansion anchors with a
distance sleeve separated from the expansion sleeve
TABLE 2

or alternative calculation of Vb.

alues used for design


8 in
1
0.85
498

NO
NO
NO
1.720 NG
1.188 OK

TAL CALCULATIONS

FIGURE 5

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