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Q.

1) Pipes over ___ generally require mechanical fittings (flange, gasket, bolts
A. 6" (Answer)
B. 8"
C. 10"
D. 12"
Q.2) Where is the service line most likely to have leaks?
A. At connection with main line.
B. At connection with property line (meter).
C. At connection with main line and at connection with property line
(meter).(Answer)
D. In the middle of service line.

Q.3) When using a no-joint cast-in-place concrete pipe machine, why is it so


important that soil conditions are good?
A. You dont grade the trench.
B. You dont place bedding material.
C. Trench is cut the exact size of outside diameter of pipe.
D. All of the above (Answer)
Q.4) What is a purple pipe used for?
A. potable water
B. reclaimed water (Answer)
C. gas
D. sewer
Q.5) What hazard is present when welding galvanized metal?
A. silicosis
B. metal fume fever (Answer)
C. zinc fumes
D. A and B only
E. B and C only
F. A, B, and C

Q.6) What does green represent?


A. Sewer (Your Answer)
B. Water
C. Storm Drain
D. Communication
Q.7) What type of trenching is used in hard ground?
A. Scaling
B. Shoring
C. Sloping
D. Shielding (Answer)
Q.8) What is the minimum cover over water pipes?
A. 24 inches
B. 32 inches
C. 42 inches
D. 36 inches (Answer)
Q.9) What is primarily used as warning for trench?
A. Flags
B. Flashing lights
C. Signs
D. Tape (Answer)
Q.10) What is the advantage of PVC sewer pipe over cast iron when installing?
A. Because they come in longer spans, there is less total connections to
make.(Answer)
B. It requires smaller machines.
C. It requires smaller crew.
D. PVC comes in smaller spans allowing easier handling by crewmen.
Q.11) What types of buckets for hoes are used for trenching 7ft deep?
A. Trencher bucket
B. Trapezoid bucket only

C. Trapezoid and regular buckets (Answer)


D. Regular bucket only
Q.12) How is a shield moved along a trench?
A. Disassembled and reassembled at new location
B. By trencher
C. By hoe or crane (Answer)
D. By hand
Q.13) What type of oil is used in hydraulic shoring pump cylinders?
A. water soluble fluid (Answer)
B. hydraulic oil
C. hydraulic fluid
D. hydraulic pump fluid
Q.14) When are watertight plugs placed onto ends of pipe to protect from debris
and animals?
A. When not in use
B. End of week
C. End of shift (Answer)
D. None of the above
Q.15) What is the most common welding rod considered to be all-purpose?
A. 1610
B. 6100
C. 6010 (Answer)
D. 1060
Q.16) Which pipe is not a common type for drain lines?
A. concrete
B. ribbed high density polyethylene (HDPE)
C. corrugated aluminum and corrugated steel
D. None of the above (Answer)
Q.17) What does a circle on a reference stake indicate?

A. its distance from hub


B. offset from the point referenced by surveyor
C. offset from hub
D. none of the above
Q.18) How is the gap between the end of the pipe and the inner wall of the precast
manhole sealed?
A. Tar
B. Epoxy
C. Emulsion
D. Mortar (Answer)
Q.19) What is the steepest slope allowed on a trench?
A. 3/4:1 (Answer)
B. 1:1
C. 1 1/2:1
D. 2:1
Q.20) What size of insulated wire is required to run from service line?
A. 14 gauge
B. 12 gauge
C. 10 gauge (Answer)
D. 8 gauge
Q.21) What may happen if you lay pipe over base that is not fully compacted?
A. Nothing. Pipe's weight will be enough to compact base underneath.
B. Pipe may roll when laid.
C. Backfill can damage pipe. (Answer)
D. It will likely cause leaks at joint in pipe.
Q.22) Every shoring section has at least ___ pump cylinders.
A. 1
B. 2 ( Answer)
C. 4

D. 6
Q.23) If trench bottom is soft, how do you proceed?
A. Consult inspector and/or engineer
B. Undercut to stable bottom and apply additional bedding material
C. Charge as extra work
D. All of the above (Answer)
Q.24) Where are plugs located relative to upstream and downstream manholes for
WATER test of sewer system?
A. One plug is located upstream from upstream manhole; other plug is
located downstream from downstream manhole
B. One plug is located upstream from upstream manhole; other plug is
located upstream from downstream manhole (Answer)
C. One plug is located downstream from upstream manhole; other plug is
located downstream from downstream manhole
D. One plug is located downstream from upstream manhole; other plug is
located upstream from downstream manhole
Q.25) How can time be saved working with small pipes as opposed to large
pipes?
A. Smaller pipes do not require as much inspection and testing.
B. Smaller pipes can always be moved by hand.
C. Smaller pipes can be transferred directly from boom truck into
trench.(Answer)
D. All of the above
Q.26) What is the steepest slope allowed on stable ground with good soil
conditions?
A. 67%
B. 83%
C. 100%
D. 133% (Answer)
Q.27) How long does 1st fill of water test take for new sewer pipe that goes up to
5 ft in upstream manhole?

A. 4 hours (Answer)
B. 6 hours
C. 12 hours
D. 24 hours
Q.28) What can happen if the bell and spigot get dirty before connecting?
A. Cause leak
B. Contamination
C. Replacement at a later date if not detected during testing
D. All of the above (Answer)
Q.29) What does the surveyor stakes represent?
A. Flow line only (Answer)
B. The undercut for bedding material
C. Off-set of flow line
D. Cut and fill
Q.30) When laying sewer pipe, why would you not want rocks to fall into trench?
A. For safety of workers
B. Grade slope may change.
C. Pipes may rupture.
D. A and B only.
E. A and C only. (Answer)
F. B and C only.
Q.31) Why is the slotted bucket attachment used on the hoe when backfilling the
first 3 feet of trench?
A. The teeth are needed to rip the confined area.
B. To capture the large rocks to set aside and keep out of initial backfill
around pipe.
C. To capture the smaller rocks for use on initial backfill.
D. It digs efficiently in the confined area.
Q.32) How are manholes set when using a no-joint machine?
A. Pipe is made through the manhole (Answer)

B. Pipe is made alongside the manhole


C. Pipe is made and stopped on each side of the manhole
D. Pipe is made under the manhole
Q.33) Which type of drain pipe might smash easily and requires extra caution?
A. concrete
B. HDPE (Answer)
C. corrugated aluminum and corrugated steel
D. PVC
Q.34) If specifications require you to backfill before testing, you should:
A. backfill completely and then test for leakage.
B. backfill partially and then test for leakage
C. conduct your own test before backfilling to identify leakage and then test
again after backfilling. (Answer)
D. None of the above.
Q.35) A manhole shield is placed ______ the precast manhole bottom.
A. at the same time
B. before (Answer)
C. after
D. either before or after
Q.36) When setting manholes, what must be done to the downstream pipe that will
be connected?
A. Use spigot end
B. Cut off bell end (Answer)
C. Use coupling to connect to manhole.
D. Nothing should be done to downstream pipe.
Q.37) If a leak is found during water testing of sewer pipe, what needs to be
checked for leaking?
A. Manhole and its joints
B. Pipe and its joints
C. Plugs

D. A and B only
E. All (Answer)
Q.38) Hydraulic shoring sections larger than ___ feet require 2 men to handle the
weight.
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7 (Answer)
Q.39) When are precast rings used to connect pipe to manholes?
A. For large pipes with precast manholes ( Answer)
B. For all pipes with precast manholes
C. For large pipes with cast-in-place manholes
D. For all pipes with cast-in-place manholes
Q.40) Which pipe can no longer be used in laying water pipe?
A. PVC
B. Ductile iron
C. Asbestos cement (Answer)
D. Cast iron
Q.41) What is important to a contractor when selecting the bucket size used for
the bottom of a sloped trench?
A. The bottom of trench around pipe must not be less than 6 inches or
more than 1 foot wider than the pipe on each side. ( Answer)
B. The bottom of trench around pipe must not be less than 3 inches or
more than 2 foot wider than the pipe on each side.
C. Trench at the bottom must no be greater than 2 ft wide on each side of
pipe.
D. Trench at the bottom must be cut exactly to size of width of pipe and its
diameter.
Q.42) What is NOT used to prevent erosion?
A. hydroseeding
B. fiber rolls

C. sand or gravel bags


D. pumping (Answer)
Q.43) Why is a waterproofing membrane needed on the exterior of a basement
foundation wall?
A. Concrete itself without additives is not waterproof.
B. To insulate against water seepage into interior
C. Protect foundation's durability from potential distress caused by water
D. All of the above (Answer)
Q.44) Which of the following is considered a service valve?
A. corporation stop (Answer)
B. corporation valve
C. fire hydrant
D. A and C only
E. All of the above
Q.45) What is on the opposite end of the bell of a pipe?
A. Flat end
B. Mouth
C. Spigot (Answer)
D. Lead
Q.46) What is normal compaction % for subgrade under street?
A. 80%
B. 85%
C. 90%
D. 95% (Answer)
Q.47) When shall initial backfill of pipe take place?
A. Within 24 hours after laying pipe
B. By the next shift
C. Immediately after laying pipe (Answer)
D. Within 4 hours after laying pipe

Q.48) How deep must a trench be to require protection to workers inside?


A. 3 feet
B. 4 feet
C. 5 feet
D. No requirement if the crew could be in any danger (Answer)
Q.49) When dealing with confined space ventilation, the percentage of
flammable vapors or gases in the air should be less than ____________ .
A. 10% of lower explosive limit ( Answer)
B. 10% of upper explosive limit
C. 5% of lower explosive limit
D. 5% of upper explosive limit
Q.50) What are commonly the three crews needed to lay pipe?
A. (1) Shoring, sloping, or shielding; (2) grading; (3) pipe laying (Answer)
B. (1) Grading; (2) trenching; (3) pipe laying
C. (1) Trenching; (2) pipe laying; (3) joint filler
D. (1) Excavation; (2) trenching; (3) pipe laying
Q.51) What is color code for electric?
A. Red (Answer)
B. Blue
C. Yellow
D. Green
Q.52) What is installed on the main line to connect to the service line?
A. waddle strap
B. strap saddle ( Answer)
C. main strap connection
D. cradle gurney
Q.53) Where are plugs located relative to upstream and downstream manholes
for AIR test of sewer system?
A. One plug is located downstream from upstream manhole; other plug is

located downstream from downstream manhole


B. One plug is located upstream from upstream manhole; other plug is
located upstream from downstream manhole
C. One plug is located downstream from upstream manhole; other plug is
located upstream from downstream manhole (Answer)
D. None of the above
Q.54) After pouring cast-in-place pipes with no-joint machine, what is used to
avoiding drying too fast and cracking?
A. Drying agent in concrete mix
B. Cover trench to keep in humidity
C. Curing compound spray, polyethylene film ( Answer)
D. None of the above
Q.55) What is the advantage of using 6ft length of hydraulic shoring over 10ft?
A. 6ft sections are lighter and easier to handle
B. The bottom shore of the two 6ft shoring sections can be removed when
backfill begins
C. Using all 6ft sections requires less hydraulic pumps.
D. A and B only (Answer)
E. A and C only
F. A, B, and C
Q.56) What tools are used together to determine if a vertical line or surface is
straight (plumb)?
A. Plumb bob and level
B. Plumb bob and compass
C. Plumb bob and laser (Answer)
D. Plumb bob and transit
Q.57) Why do job specifications usually call for the last 2 feet of digging to be
vertical and no more than 1 wider than sewer pipe to be laid?
A. To ensure that trench bottom will be compacted.
B. To avoid excess and unnecessary excavation.
C. To keep the pipe from being damaged by the full bearing weight of the
width of the trench (Answer)
D. None of the above

Q.58) What does orange represent?


A. Gas
B. Electric
C. Communication (Answer)
D. Potable water
Q.59) How can a pipe layer ensure the barrel of a pipe will be properly
supported?
A. Remove some bedding material under barrel
B. Remove some bedding material under spigot (Answer)
C. Remove some bedding material under bell (Answer)
D. Install pipe barrel supports to stabilize
Q.60) The spigot of the pipe should face?
A. Upstream
B. North
C. May be upstream or downstream
D. Downstream (Answer)
Q.61) What is used to join new water line with old for testing before new can be
approved for use?
A. Nothing. New cannot be connected to old until approved independently.
B. Connected by pipe with a blowoff on old side and a blowoff on new
side ( Answer)
C. Connected by a strap saddle.
D. Connected by a temporary pressure release valve.
Q.62) In what direction do you make trenching for sewer pipes?
A. Down-grade
B. North to South
C. Up-grade (Answer)
D. South to North
Q.63) What is the normal drop of sewer service lines?

A. 1/2" per foot


B. 1/4" per foot (Answer)
C. 0.1" per foot
D. 0.01" per foot
Q.64) Why is a coupling necessary when repairing a straight section of sewer
pipe?
A. Couplings are necessary on all pipe connections.
B. Because it is a repair and not a new installation.
C. Couplings are necessary on all pipe repairs.
D. Because there is no spigot and bell to connect. (Answer)
Q.65) How long does 2nd fill of water test take for new sewer pipe that refills test
upstream manhole to 5ft after absorption?
A. up to 24 hours
B. 6-12 hours
C. 1-2 hours
D. 2-4 hours (Answer)
Q.66) What type of trenching is used in stable ground?
A. Shielding
B. Shoring (Answer)
C. Sloping
D. Scaling
Q.67) Before installing pre-cast or pour-in-place manholes, how should
contractor lay pipes?
A. Downstream and upstream pipe laid 24 apart
B. Downstream and upstream pipe laid 36 apart
C. Downstream and upstream pipe laid 48 apart (Answer)
D. Downstream and upstream pipe laid 60 apart
Q.68) What is the maximum penalty if a worker is injured in a trench that was not
properly shored according to regulation?
A. Fine

B. Debarment
C. Held civilly liable
D. Held criminally liable (Answer)
Q.69) What parts of the sewer pipe system must is included when using water to
test?
A. Service lines
B. Upstream and downstream manholes
C. House laterals from services lines
D. Only A and B (Answer)
E. All
Q.70) Unless you are in a confined area, which method is easiest?
A. Shielding
B. Shoring
C. Scaling
D. Sloping (Answer)
Q.71) Which of the following is NOT a valve used on a water system?
A. gate valve
B. globe valve
C. service valve
D. blowoff valve
E. backflow valve
F. fire hydrant
G. none of the above (Answer)
Q.72) Efficient planning for pipe laying includes:
A. resources available for planned footage per day
B. shoring crew must stay ahead of grading operation
C. pipe stacked close to trench for easy accessibility
D. all of the above (Answer)
Q.73) How is a watertight seal formed when connecting bell and spigot ends?
A. Spigot ends have a rubber ring and are lubricated before installing bell

end.
B. Bell ends have a rubber ring and are lubricated before installing spigot
end.(Answer)
C. A sealing coupling is required.
D. Emulsion seal is applied to joint.
Q.74) What component goes in between main line and property water meter?
A. Component stop
B. Stop plug
C. Stop connection
D. Corporation stop (Answer)
Q.75) What is a trapezoid bucket used for on a 7ft deep trench?
A. For digging and sloping first 2 ft.
B. For digging and sloping first 5 ft. (Answer)
C. For digging last 2 ft.
D. For digging and sloping all 7 ft.
Q.76) Which test of sewer pipe is considered faster, cleaner and less expensive?
A. Pressure testing
B. Air testing (Answer)
C. Water testing
D. Sewer testing
Q.77) What is the purpose of running insulated wire along the service line?
A. To connect electrical utility connection.
B. It is not required to run wire along service line.
C. It is necessary to feed electrical water valve along service line.
D. Line can later be detected by metal detector. (Answer)
Q.78) Using shields for protection of workers in trenches instead of other
protection methods _________ productivity.
A. decreases ( Answer)
B. increases
C. does not affect and maintains the same

D. none of the above


Q.79) When dealing with confined space ventilation, the percentage of oxygen in
the air should be no less than ___% and no more than ___%.
A. 19, 20
B. 19.5, 21
C. 19, 22.5
D. 19.5, 22 (Answer)
Q.80) What type of trenching is used in loosed ground?
A. Shielding
B. Shoring
C. Sloping (Answer)
D. Scaling
Q.81) Why is wire necessary instead of just pipe for detection?
A. Most service pipes are made of polyethylene or type K copper. (Answer)
B. Most service pipes are made of clay.
C. Most service pipes are made of cast-in-place concrete conduits.
D. Most service pipes are too deep to be detected without wire.
Q.82) What the best method of dealing with water runoff on the jobsite?
A. Pumping ( Answer)
B. Digging holes
C. Routing (Answer)
D. All of the above
Q.83) What must the grade setter do to prepare for cut when reviewing
surveyors stakes?
A. Consult engineer or inspector to review before cutting
B. Calculate the flow line from the surveyor's off-set
C. Cut exactly where surveyor has indicated on his stakes
D. Add the thickness of pipe and bedding material to cut (Answer)
Q.84) In general, why is no shoring required for water trenches?

A. They are planned for stable ground.


B. They are usually less than 5 ft deep. (Answer)
C. Sloping is required instead of shoring.
D. Shielding is required instead of shoring.
Q.85) If you use a laser instead of string to mark grade, how do you keep
operator in line?
A. Paint (Answer)
B. Flags
C. Ground crew
D. GPS
Q.86) How much larger are the holes on the precast manhole than the ends of
pipe?
A. 1"
B. 1 1/2" (Answer)
C. 1 3/4"
D. 2"
Q.87) When are mechanical couplings required?
A. On all pipes
B. Larger pipes only ( Answer)
C. Smaller pipes only
D. Depends on engineer's specifications
Q.88) What is one advantage of air testing over water testing of sewer pipe?
A. Can be done before manholes are built. (Answer)
B. Can be done without engineer approval.
C. Can be done before pipes are laid.
D. Can be done with partial backfill only.
Q.89) What equipment is used to trench rock and hardpan?
A. Excavator with carbide tipped breaker
B. Dozer

C. Dragline
D. Vermeer trencher with carbide tipped teeth (Answer)
Q.90) Why is shoring preferred over shielding in a soil with large cobbles?
A. Shoring is more stable and will not allow large cobbles to become loose
and fall.
B. Pulling shielding along a trench can become difficult with wedged
cobbles.(Answer)
C. When trenching and installing shoring, large cobbles can be identified
and removed.
D. Shielding only works well with small cobbles.
Q.91) Which of the following areas of road section would NOT likely require
additional undercut to subgrade?
A. road
B. curb & gutter
C. ditch (Answer)
D. sidewalk
Q.92) How many pounds per square inch (PSI) is required for testing water line?
A. 100 psi
B. 120 psi
C. 140 psi
D. 150 psi (Answer)
Q.93) What type of tablet is needed to kill bacteria when pipe is filled with
water?
A. Florine
B. Chlorine (Answer)
C. Bleach
D. Ammonia
Q.94) What does a bubble shape on a plan indicate?
A. A change in work was made.
B. A detail of the area can be found on plans.
C. Construction notes apply to this area.

D. None of the above (Answer)


Q.95) What is color code for potable water?
A. Green
B. White
C. Yellow
D. Blue ( Answer)
Q.96) Lower sections of hydraulic shoring are placed and removed with a
__________.
A. pressure release lever
B. pressure release handle
C. long release level
D. long release tool (Answer)
Q.97) How many hours of testing is required for water line?
A. 6 hours
B. 12 hours
C. 24 hours (Answer)
D. 48 hours
Q.98) What are common conditions that would likely require shields instead of
shoring?
A. bad soil
B. deep trench (
C. confined space
D. A and C only
E. all of the above (Answer)
Q.99) The valve at the highest point in a water system is the
___________________.
A. blowoff valve
B. air release and vacuum relief valve (Answer)
C. backflow valve
D. service valve

E. none of the above


Q.100) What does yellow represent?
A. Sewer
B. Gas ( Answer)
C. Communication
D. Storm Drain

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