1.

A network - group of two or more computer systems linked together

Data communication - the electronic transmission of information that has been encoded digitally
(as for storage and processing by computers
Telecommunication - communication at a distance by technological means, particularly through
electrical signals or electromagnetic waves
"client/server" - refers to the network architecture in which two computers are connected in such
a way that one computer (the client) sends service requests to another computer (the server
modem a device that modulates signals to encode digital information and demodulates signals
to decode the transmitted information
2. Message is the information (data) to be communicated.
Sender is the device that sends the data message.
.Receiver: is the device that receives the message.
.Medium: is the physical path by which a message travels from sender to receiver.
Protocol: is a set of rules that governs data communications. It represents an agreement between
the communicating devices.
3. LAN

Is a group of computers and network devices connected together

WAN
Defined as a group of computers and network devices connected
together across a very large physical area such as states or countries
MAN
Is a group of computers and network devices connected together
within a large physical area
4. Internet is a public network that abides by one set of addressing rules

Intranet - is a local network, the one you don't need to connect to the Internet to access
extranet - is an extension of an intranet.

5. Cell Phone - Allows for communication between individuals

Laptop with internet access - Allows for access of information and contribution of information on the
internet.
Television - Provides information to the viewer
Radio - Provides information to the listener
Two-Way Radio - Allows for communication between individuals

6.
7. Layer 1: Physical - This is the level of the actual hardware. It defines the physical

characteristics of the network such as connections, voltage levels and timing.

Layer 2: Data - In this layer, the appropriate physical protocol is assigned to the data. Also, the
type of network and the packet sequencing is defined.

Layer 3: Network - The way that the data will be sent to the recipient device is determined in this
layer. Logical protocols, routing and addressing are handled here.

layer 4: Transport - maintains flow control of data and provides for error checking and recovery of data
between the devices. Flow control means that the Transport layer looks to see if data is coming from
more than one application and integrates each application's data into a single stream for the physical
network.

Layer 5: Session - establishes, maintains and ends communication with the receiving device.

Layer 6: Presentation - takes the data provided by the Application layer and converts it into a
standard format that the other layers can understand.

Layer 7: Application - layer that actually interacts with the operating system or application
whenever the user chooses to transfer files, read messages or perform other network-related
activities.

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