Semester 2 Assessment

InliOrIlnation Systems

Computing
ISYS90032

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15 minutes
2 hours
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This paper has 4 pages (not including this page).

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Instructions to Students:
~
This examination contributes 50% of overall marks for this subject.
Candidates should attempt all questions.
The marks on this examination paper add to 120. Since you have two hours to complete the
paper, this is one minute per exam mark.

to be held

Baillieu

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Yes

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Page 2 of6

1.

Figure 1 shows Tushman et

a.

this
what is
"dominant design"?

b.

What are two forces that

's technology-lifecycle model.

difference between a "technological dis,cOJl1tillUity"

this cycle? Please explain your answer.

(l 0+10 = 20 marks)
VARIATION
Technological
Discontinuity
Competence enhancing
$ Competence destroying

RETENTION

1\
II

Era of Incremental
Change
iii Retention
1Il Elaborate Dominant Design
iii Technological Momentum

Era of Ferment
iii Substitution
liI Design Competition
It Community Driven
Technical Change

SELECTION
Dominant
Design

Figure 1: Tushman et al.'s Technology-Lifecycle Model

Source: Tushman, M. L. and Rosenkopf, L. Organizational Determinants of Technological Change: Towards a
Sociology of Technological Evolution.. Research in Organizational Behavior, 1992, 14: 311-347.

2.

According to Teece (see Figure 2), a firm often needs "complementary assets" if it is to
successfully commercialize an innovation.
What does Teece mean by the term "complementary asset", and why does he think that a
firm often needs such assets if it is to successfully commercialize an innovation?
(10 marks)

com~

t}j"lact""O'
Know-How
In Innovation

Q<2JG)
Other

Source:

5, Teece, OJ..

IJrr,+itinCT

Complementary
Technologies

from techn()lojglc,al innovation. Research

285-305.

3.

Figure 3 shows Venkatesh et al.'s (2003) UTAUT model. This model is used to explain
people's intentions to use a new technology in an organizational setting.

In this model, what is the difference between "Performance Expectancy" and "Effort
Expectancy", and how does each affect Behavioural Intention?
(10 marks)
Performance
Expectancy

Behavioral
Intention

...----101

Figure 3: Venkatesh et al.'s (2003) UTAUT model

Source: Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. 8., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information
technology: toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425-478.

4.

Michael Porter proposes five forces affecting the competitive intensity among
organizations within an industry. Discuss how Electronic Commerce technologies can be
used by an organization to counteract Porter's five forces.
(10 marks)

5.

Social Commerce is considered as a subset of electronic commerce that uses online

social technologies to facilitate social interactions which are expected to enhance
consumers' online purchase experience.
a. Discuss three reasons for the emergence of Social Commerce
b. Using Christensen's Disruptive Innovation Theory (see Figure 4) as a reference
point, discuss whether or not Social Commerce is considered a disruptive
innovation.
(10+10 = 20 marks)
(Figure 4 next page)

Page 4 of6

Incumbents Nearly Always Win

lI.l

l:
~

E
:l..

.g

lI.l
Il.

Disruptive
Technologies

Enrranrs Nearly Ahrays Win

Time

Figure 4: Christensen's Disruptive Innovations Model

Source: Christensen, CM. The Ongoing process of building a theory of disruption, Journal ofProduct
Innovation Management 2006; 23: 39-55, pAO

6.

Technologies for managing business operations within the supply chain are also known
as Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce (B2B EC) and they are typically interorganizational in nature. Discuss three requirements for the adoption of B2B EC by a
typical organization.
(10 marks)

7.

The human values that guide the design of workplace technologies include
"productivity" and "efficiency".
~

Describe three other values that would be appropriate for guiding the design of a
domestic technology.
For each of these three values, name a technology that embodies that value.
(10 marks)

8.

Imagine that you wish to design a technology

How would
conduct research
kitchens?
Having designed
technology,
List two
values

use in kitchens.

at understanding what people do

evaluate

.IiWlll"-"

9.

Describe a technology, real or imaginary, for mediating an intimate relationship.

What does your technology do?

By which users is your technology intended to be used?
In what way does your technology fulfill these users' specific needs?
(10 marks)

10. A number of health services have been made available to consumers via Internet-enabled
pes and smartphones.

Briefly describe one of these services.

Describe two advantages and two disadvantages of this service, relative to traditional
"face to face" health services.

(10 marks)

End ofExamination

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