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SoftwareTesting:BluetoothInterviewquestionsandanswers
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SoftwareTesting
Monday,December24,2012

BluetoothInterviewquestionsandanswers
BluetoothProfiles:
https://www.bluetooth.org/Building/HowTechnologyWorks/ProfilesAndProtocols/Overview.
htm
WhyisBluetoothcalledacablereplacementtechnology?Bluetoothtechnologyallowsthe
creationofPersonalAreaNetworkswithoutcablesorwiresthatareusualinhomenetworks.
GiveagenericdescriptionofBluetooth?Bluetoothisalowcost,shortrange(RF)links
betweenmobilePCs,mobilephonesandotherportabledevices.Bluetoothcantransmitthrough
solid,nonmetalobjects.
WhycanBluetoothequipmentintegrateeasilyinTCP/IPnetwork?BecauseBluetoothuses
wirelessLANstandardsIEEEfordatatransmission.
IsitpossibletoconnectmultipleBluetoothhubs?No,onlyonehubcanbeusedatatime
withacomputer.USBorSerialdevicescanbeadded.
WhatisFCCandhowdoesitrelatetoBluetooth?FCCisFederalCommunication
Commission,whichissueslicensestothestationsforspecificfrequencies.Italsodecideswhois
abletousewhichfrequencyforwhatpurpose.SinceBluetoothisusingunlicensedspectrum,
FCChasnodirectinvolvementwithBluetooth
UnderwhatfrequencyrangedoesBluetoothwork?2.45GHzisthefrequencyrange.
DoBluetoothdevicesneedlineofsighttoconnecttooneanother?No.
WhichtechnologyisusedinBluetoothforavoidinginterference?Frequencyhoppingisthe
technologyusedinBluetooth.
BluetoothsignalsdonotinterferewithourPCsorcordlessphonesorportables.Why?
Bluetoothuseslowpowersignals,itplaysaroundin2.45GHzrange,whilemostofconsumer
deviceswouldbeusing900MHz.
WhatisAirport?Airportisawirelesscommunicationssystem,likeBluetooth.Itisbasedon
theIEEE802.11recommendation.Italsouses2.4GHzfrequencyband,butitsrangeisabout45
metersanditboastsatransmissionspeedof11Mbit/second.ItisdevelopedbyLucent
Technologies.
WhatisPiconet?AcollectionofdevicesconnectedthroughBluetoothtechnologyinanadhoc
fashion.
WhatarethethreemaintypesofconnectionusedbyBluetooth?Singleslave,Masterslave,
Scatternet.
WhatisFECinBluetooth?ForwardErrorCorrectionisamethodbywhichBluetoothincreases
itsnoiseimmunity.FECisamethodthatenablesareceivertonotonlydetect,butalsocorrect
errorsinatransmission.
WhichmethodisprimarilyusedforVoicetransfer?SynchronousConnectionOriented(SCO)
isamethodprimarilyusedforVoicetransfer.

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WhatisthefrequencyrangeusedforBluetoothinEuropeandUnitedStates?2402MHzto
2480MHzarethefrequencyrangesusedinUSAandEurope.
RecentPosts

ListsomeTechnologycharacteristicofBluetooth?Omnidirectional,Adaptiveoutputpower
tominimizeinterference,SupportSynchronous&asynchronousservices,FastFrequency
Hoppingtoavoidinterference,Shortdatapacketstomaximizecapacityduringinterface.
WhichcompanyoriginallyconceivedanddevelopedBluetooth?Ericsson.

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HowdoesBluetoothusefrequencyhoppingforsecurity?Bluetoothpicksarandom
frequencyoutof79andthenhopsaroundtherangeabout1600timespersecond.
WhatisaBluetoothdongle?Adevicethathangsoutsideofacomputer,orphonetoprovide
Bluetoothconnection.
Whataretheother(competingornot)wirelesstechnologies?WiFi,IrDa,EDGE,UWB

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SoftwareTesting:BluetoothInterviewquestionsandanswers
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TestingMethodsandMethodologies
ManualTestingQuestionsandAnswers:

WhichBluetoothversionusesadaptivefrequencyhopping?Why?InVersion1.2Adaptive
frequencyhoppingmethodisused,whichimprovesresistancetoradiointerference,andprovides
highertransmissionspeed.
HowmanySCOlinksarethereinapiconet?Inapiconet,therecanbeuptothreeSCOlinks
of64,000bitspersecondeach.
whatisthetotalnumberofmastersandslavesinapiconet?1Masterand7Slaves.

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Poll

Thispolldoesnotexist(orwas
deleted).

WhichmethodisusedforDatatransfer?AsynchronousConnectionless(ACL)isData
transfermethodinBluetooth
WhatisthefrequencyrangeusedforBluetoothinJapan?2472to2497MHzisthe
frequencyrangeusedforBluetoothinJapan.
Whatisthestrengthofthesignaltransmittedbypowerfulcellphones?Thepowerfulcell
phonescantransmitasignalof3watts.
WhyisBluetooth2.0better?
ThemainfeaturesofBluetoothCoreSpecificationVersion2.0+EDRare:
3timesfastertransmissionspeed(upto10timesincertaincases)
Lowerpowerconsumptionthroughreduceddutycycle
Simplificationofmultilinkscenariosduetomoreavailablebandwidth
Backwardscompatibletoearlierversions
FurtherimprovedBER(BitErrorRate)performance
NamefewapplicationsofBluetooth?

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1. Wirelesscontrolofandcommunicationbetweenacellphoneandahandsfreeheadsetor
carkit.Thisisthemostpopularuse.

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2. WirelessnetworkingbetweenPCsinaconfinedspaceandwherelittlebandwidthis
required.

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3. WirelesscommunicationswithPCinputdevicessuchasmousesandkeyboardsand
outputdevicessuchasprinters.

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4. TransferoffilesbetweendevicesviaOBEX.
5. Transferofcontactdetails,calendarappointments,andremindersbetweendevicesvia
OBEX.
6. Replacementoftraditionalwiredserialcommunicationsintestequipment,GPSreceivers
andmedicalequipment.
7. Forremotecontrolswhereinfraredwastraditionallyused.

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8. SendingsmalladvertisementsfromBluetoothenabledadvertisinghoardingstoother,
discoverable,Bluetoothdevices.
9. Wirelesscontrolofagamesconsole,NintendosWiiandSonysPlayStation3willboth
useBluetoothtechnologyfortheirwirelesscontrollers.
10. SendingcommandsandsoftwaretotheupcomingLEGOMindstormsNXTinsteadofinfra
red.

Howmanydevicescancommunicateconcurrently?
ABluetoothdeviceplayingtheroleofthemastercancommunicatewithupto7devicesplaying
theroleoftheslave.Thisnetworkofgroupofupto8devices(1master+7slaves)iscalleda
piconet.ApiconetisanadhoccomputernetworkofdevicesusingBluetoothtechnologyprotocols
toallowonemasterdevicetointerconnectwithuptosevenactiveslavedevices(becausea
threebitMACaddressisused).Upto255furtherslavedevicescanbeinactive,orparked,which
themasterdevicecanbringintoactivestatusatanytime.
WhatisPairing?
Pairsofdevicesmayestablishatrustedrelationshipbylearning(byuserinput)asharedsecret
knownasapasskey.Adevicethatwantstocommunicateonlywithatrusteddevicecan
cryptographicallyauthenticatetheidentityoftheotherdevice.Trusteddevicesmayalsoencrypt
thedatathattheyexchangeovertheairsothatnoonecanlistenin.Theencryptioncanhowever
beturnedoffandpasskeysarestoredonthedevicesfilesystemandnottheBluetoothchip
itself.SincetheBluetoothaddressispermanentapairingwillbepreservedeveniftheBluetooth
nameischanged.Pairscanbedeletedatanytimebyeitherdevice.Deviceswillgenerallyrequire
pairingorwillprompttheownerbeforeitallowsaremotedevicetouseanyormostofits
services.SomedevicessuchasSonyEricssonphoneswillusuallyacceptOBEXbusinesscards
andnoteswithoutanypairingorprompts.Certainprintersandaccesspointswillallowanydevice
touseitsservicesbydefaultmuchlikeunsecuredWiFinetworks.
HowsecureaBluetoothdeviceis?
BluetoothusestheSAFER+algorithmforauthenticationandkeygeneration.TheE0stream
cipherisusedforencryptingpackets.ThismakeseavesdroppingonBluetoothenableddevices
moredifficult.
WhatisBluetoothSIG?
BluetoothSpecialInterestGroup(SIG)
Bluetoothwirelesstechnologyisrevolutionizingpersonalconnectivitybyprovidingfreedomfrom
wiredconnections.Itisaspecificationforasmallformfactor,lowcostradiosolutionproviding

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linksbetweenmobilecomputers,mobilephones,otherportablehandhelddevicesand
automobiles,aswellasconnectivitytotheInternet.TheBluetoothSIG,comprisedofleadersin
thetelecommunications,computing,automotiveandconsumerelectronicsindustries,isdriving
developmentofthetechnologyandbringingittomarket.TheBluetoothSIGincludesPromoter
membercompaniesAgere,Ericsson,IBM,Intel,Microsoft,Motorola,NokiaandToshiba,and
thousandsofAssociateandAdoptermembercompanies.TheBluetoothSIG,Inc.headquarters
arelocatedinOverlandPark,Kansas,U.S.A.
Whataretheproblemswitholderversions(1.0and1.0B)?
Versions1.0and1.0Bhadnumerousproblemsandthevariousmanufacturershadgreat
difficultiesinmakingtheirproductsinteroperable.1.0and1.0BalsohadmandatoryBluetooth
HardwareDeviceAddress(BD_ADDR)transmissioninthehandshakingprocess,rendering
anonymityimpossibleataprotocollevel,whichwasamajorsetbackforservicesplannedtobe
usedinBluetoothenvironments,suchasConsumerism.
WhatareDifferentClassesinBluetooth?
Bluetoothisaradiostandardandcommunicationsprotocolprimarilydesignedforlowpower
consumption,withashortrange(powerclassdependent:1meter,10meters,100meters)based
aroundlowcosttransceivermicrochipineachdevice.
Bluetoothletsthesedevicescommunicatewitheachotherwhentheyareinrange.Thedevices
usearadiocommunicationssystem,sotheydonothavetobeinlineofsightofeachother,and
canevenbeinotherrooms,solongasthereceivedpowerishighenough.
WhatareBluetoothprofiles?
Aprofileisadescriptionofhowtouseaspecificationtoimplementaparticularfunction.The
InternationalStandardsOrganization(ISO)firstcameupwiththeideaofprofiles.InBluetooth,
thereareseveralprofilesavailableandtheyarearrangedinahierarchicalfashion.Forexample,in
ordertousetheheadsetprofile,adevicemustalsoincludethelowerlevelprofilessuchasthe
serialportandgeneralaccessprofiles.
WhataresomeoftheusesofBluetooth?
DependingontheBluetoothprofilesincludedonthedevice,Bluetoothtechnologyhasthe
capabilitytowirelesslysynchronizeandtransferdataamongdevices.TheBluetoothaudio
capabilitiescanbeusedforheadsetandhandsfreeapplications.Theexactfunctionalityprovided
byaBluetoothenableddevicedependsontheBluetoothprofilesincluded.
HowdoesBluetoothfitinwithWiFi?
The802.11b(WiFi)standardiscommonlyusedforwirelessnetworking.Bluetoothisnota
competitorwith802.11b,butratheracomplementtoit.While802.11bisgenerallyareplacement
forwiredlocalareanetworking,Bluetoothismorecommonlyusedasareplacementforcables
betweenindividualdevices.Bluetoothisdesignedtolinkdeviceswithinaveryshortrange(upto
33feet).Bluetoothispartofthe802.15standard.
WhatisthehistoryofBluetooth?
BluetoothwasinitiatedbyEricsson,IBM,Intel,NokiaandToshibainearly1998.These
companieslaterformedaspecialinterestgroupknownastheBluetoothSIG.TheBluetooth1.0
specificationswerereleasedonJuly26,1999,butthetechnologyhasonlyrecentlybecome
inexpensiveenoughforwidespreaduse.
Whatisitatechnology,astandard,aninitiative,oraproduct?
Bluetoothwirelesstechnologyisadefactostandard,aswellasaspecificationforsmallform
factor,lowcost,shortrangeradiolinksbetweenmobilePCs,mobilephonesandotherportable
devices.TheBluetoothSpecialInterestGroupisanindustrygroupconsistingofleadersinthe
telecommunications,computing,andnetworkingindustriesthataredrivingdevelopmentofthe
technologyandbringingittomarket
IsBluetoothanIEEEstandard,likeIEEE802.11andEthernet?
BeinganIEEEstandardwillbeabigplustowidespreadadoptionofBluetooth,andIEEE802.15
workinggroupforpersonalareanetworks(PAN)announcedthattheywillbeadoptingBluetooth
astheIEEE802.15standard.
WhattypesofcompaniesarelikelytoadoptorpromoteBluetoothtechnology?
Companieslikelytoadoptthistechnologyinclude,butarenotlimitedto,softwaredevelopers,
networkvendors,siliconvendors,peripheralandcameramanufacturers,mobilePCandhandheld
devicemanufacturers,consumerelectronicsmanufacturersandmore.
WhatcompaniesareinvolvedintheBluetoothinitiative?
GlobaltechnologyleadersEricsson,Nokia,IBM,IntelandToshibafoundedtheBluetoothSIGin
1998.Thesecompaniesarenowsupportedbyover1,000otherorganizationswithawiderangeof
expertise,includingWidcomm,Inc.
AredifferentbrandsofBluetoothproductscompatible?
Yes.Theyhaveto.TheBluetoothLogoCertificationProgramrequiresBluetoothproductsto
interoperatewithproductsmanufacturedbyothervendorsthoseproductsthatdontinteroperate
willnotbeallowedtousetheBluetoothlogo.
IsBluetoothpracticalforusewithmobiledevices?
Yes.Oneconcernformobilecomputingusersispowerconsumption.Bluetoothradiosarevery
lowpower,drawingaslittleas0.3mAinstandbymodeand30mAduringsustaineddata
transmissions.Bluetoothradiosalternateamongpowersavingmodesinwhichdeviceactivityis
loweredtomaximizethemobilepowersupply.
WhatkindofencryptionwillbeusedforBluetoothsecurity?

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TheBluetoothspecification1.0describesthelinkencryptionalgorithmasastreamcipherusing4
LFSR(linearfeedbackshiftregisters).ThesumofthewidthoftheLFSRsis128,andthespec
saystheeffectivekeylengthisselectablebetween8and128bits.Thisarrangementallows
Bluetoothtobeusedincountrieswithregulationslimitingencryptionstrength,andfacilitatea
futureupgradepathforthesecuritywithouttheneedforacostlyredesignofthealgorithmsand
encryptionhardwareaccordingtotheBluetoothspecification.Keygenerationandauthentication
seemstobeusingthe8roundSAFER+encryptionalgorithm.Theinformationavailablesuggests
thatBluetoothsecuritywillbeadequateformostpurposesbutuserswithhighersecurity
requirementswillneedtoemploystrongeralgorithmstoensurethesecurityoftheirdata.
WhatistherangeofBluetoothtransmitter/receivers?
Bluetoothisdesignedforverylowpoweruse,andthetransmissionrangewillonlybe10m,about
30ft.HighpoweredBluetoothdeviceswillenablerangesupto100m(300ft).Consideringthe
designphilosophybehindBluetooth,eventhe10mrangeisadequateforthepurposesBluetoothis
intendedfor.LaterversionsoftheBluetoothspecmayallowlongerranges.
WhatisthedatathroughputspeedofaBluetoothconnection?
Bluetoothtransfersdataatarateof721Kbps,whichisfromthreetoeighttimestheaverage
speedofparallelandserialports,respectively.Thisbandwidthiscapableoftransmittingvoice,
data,videoandstillimages
WillBluetoothandWirelessLAN(WLAN)interferewitheachother?
No,bothBluetoothandWLANcancoexist.SinceBluetoothdevicesuseFrequencyHoppingand
mostWLANsuseDirectSequenceSpreadingtechniquestheyeachappearasbackgroundnoise
totheotherandshouldnotcauseanyperceivableperformanceissues.
WillotherRF(RadioFrequency)devicesinterferewithBluetoothDevices?
No.Bluetoothradiosoperateontheunlicensed2.4GHz(Industrial,ScientificandMedical)
frequencybandthatissharedamongotherdevices(microwaveovens,cordlessphones,garage
dooropeners,etc.).Bluetoothradiosswitchfrequenciesatsucharapidpace(1,600timesper
second)andthedatapacketsaresosmallthatinterferencefromotherRFsourcesishighly
unlikely.Bluetoothisarobustcommunicationsystem.
WhatisFrequencyHoppingSpreadSpectrum(FHSS)?
FrequencyHoppingSpreadSpectrum(FHSS)isaspreadspectrummodulationschemethatuses
anarrowbandcarrierthatchangesfrequencyinapatternknowntobothtransmitterandreceiver.
Properlysynchronized,theymaintainasinglelogicalchannel.Toanunintendedreceiver,FHSS
appearsasshortdurationimpulsenoise.Moresimply,thedataisbrokendownintopacketsand
transmittedtothereceiverofotherdevicesovernumeroushopfrequencies(79total)inapseudo
randompattern.Onlytransmittersandreceiversthataresynchronizedonthesamehopfrequency
patternwillhaveaccesstothetransmitteddata.Thetransmitterswitcheshopfrequencies1,600
timespersecondtoassureahighdegreeofdatasecurity
HowsecureisaBluetoothnetwork?
Bluetoothisextremelysecureinthatitemploysseverallayersofdataencryptionanduser
authenticationmeasures.BluetoothdevicesuseacombinationofthePersonalIdentification
Number(PIN)andaBluetoothaddresstoidentifyotherBluetoothdevices.Dataencryption(i.e.,
128bit)canbeusedtofurtherenhancethedegreeofBluetoothsecurity.Thetransmission
scheme(FHSS)providesanotherlevelofsecurityinitself.Insteadoftransmittingoverone
frequencywithinthe2.4GHzband,Bluetoothradiosuseafastfrequencyhoppingspread
spectrum(FHSS)technique,allowingonlysynchronizedreceiverstoaccessthetransmitteddata
WhatisthefuturedirectionoftheBluetoothstandard?
Atthistime,weanticipatetheBluetoothSIGtoevolvetheBluetoothtechnologytoprovidegreater
bandwidthanddistances,thusincreasingthepotentialplatformsandapplicationsusedinthe
emergingpersonalareanetworkingmarketplace.
HowisBluetoothused?
Bluetoothcanbeusedtowirelesslysynchronizeandtransferdataamongdevices.Bluetoothcan
bethoughtofasacablereplacementtechnology.Typicalusesincludeautomatically
synchronizingcontactandcalendarinformationamongdesktop,notebookandpalmtopcomputers
withoutconnectingcables.BluetoothcanalsobeusedtoaccessanetworkortheInternetwitha
notebookcomputerbyconnectingwirelesslytoacellularphone.
DoyouKnowaboutOBEXProtocol?
IrOBEX(shortlyOBEX)isasessionprotocoldevelopedbytheInfraredDataAssociation(IrDA)to
exchangeobjectsinasimpleandspontaneousmanner.OBEX,whichprovidesthesamebasic
functionalityasHTTPbutinamuchlighterfashion,usesaclientservermodelandisindependent
ofthetransportmechanismandtransportAPI,provideditrealizesareliabletransportbase.Along
withtheprotocolitself,thegrammarforOBEXconversationsbetweendevices,OBEXalso
providesamodelforrepresentingobjectsandoperations.Inaddition,theOBEXprotocoldefinesa
folderlistingobject,whichisusedtobrowsethecontentsoffoldersonremotedevice.Inthefirst
phase,RFCOMMisusedassoletransportlayerforOBEX.
WhatisServiceDiscoveryProtocol?
DiscoveryservicesarecrucialpartoftheBluetoothframework.Theseservicesprovidethebasis
foralltheusagemodels.UsingSDP,deviceinformation,servicesandthecharacteristicsofthe
servicescanbequeriedandafterthat,aconnectionbetweentwoormoreBluetoothdevicescan
beestablished.SDPisdefinedintheServiceDiscoveryProtocolspecification.
WhatisLinkManagerProtocol?
ThelinkmanagerprotocolisresponsibleforlinksetupbetweenBluetoothdevices.Thisincludes
settingupofsecurityfunctionslikeauthenticationandencryptionbygenerating,exchangingand
checkingoflinkandencryptionkeysandthecontrolandnegotiationofbasebandpacketsizes.

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FurthermoreitcontrolsthepowermodesanddutycyclesoftheBluetoothradiodevice,andthe
connectionstatesofaBluetoothunitinapiconet.
IsitpossibletoconnectmultipleBluetoothhubs?
No,onlyonehubcanbeusedatatimewithacomputer.USBorSerialdevicescanbeadded.
ListsomeTechnologycharacteristicofBluetooth?
Omnidirectional,
Adaptiveoutputpowertominimizeinterference,
SupportSynchronous&asynchronousservices,
FastFrequencyHoppingtoavoidinterference,
Shortdatapacketstomaximizecapacityduringinterface.
Whatisthetotalnumberofmastersandslavesinapiconet?
1Masterand7Slaves.
UnderwhatfrequencyrangedoesBluetoothwork?
2.45GHzisthefrequencyrange.
WhatisthefrequencyrangeusedforBluetoothinEuropeandUnitedStates?
2402MHzto2480MHzarethefrequencyrangesusedinUSAandEurope
WhatisthefrequencyrangeusedforBluetoothinJapan?
2472to2497MHzisthefrequencyrangeusedforBluetoothinJapan.
WhatisPiconet?
AcollectionofdevicesconnectedthroughBluetoothtechnologyinanadhocfashion.
WhatisaBluetoothdongle?
Adevicethathangsoutsideofacomputer,orphonetoprovideBluetoothconnection.
WhycanBluetoothequipmentintegrateeasilyinTCP/IPnetwork?
BecauseBluetoothuseswirelessLANstandardsIEEEfordatatransmission.
WhichmethodisusedforDatatransfer?
AsynchronousConnectionless(ACL)isDatatransfermethodinBluetooth
GiveagenericdescriptionofBluetooth?
Bluetoothisalowcost,shortrange(RF)linksbetweenmobilePCs,mobilephonesandother
portabledevices.Bluetoothcantransmitthroughsolid,nonmetalobjects.
HowdoesBluetoothusefrequencyhoppingforsecurity?
Bluetoothpicksarandomfrequencyoutof79andthenhopsaroundtherangeabout1600times
persecond.
WhyisBluetoothcalledacablereplacementtechnology?
BluetoothtechnologyallowsthecreationofPersonalAreaNetworkswithoutcablesorwiresthat
areusualinhomenetworks.
WhatisFCCandhowdoesitrelatetoBluetooth?
FCCisFederalCommunicationCommission,whichissueslicensestothestationsforspecific
frequencies.Italsodecideswhoisabletousewhichfrequencyforwhatpurpose.SinceBluetooth
isusingunlicensedspectrum,FCChasnodirectinvolvementwithBluetooth
WhatisFECinBluetooth?
ForwardErrorCorrectionisamethodbywhichBluetoothincreasesitsnoiseimmunity.FECisa
methodthatenablesareceivertonotonlydetect,butalsocorrecterrorsinatransmission.
WhatisAirport?
Airportisawirelesscommunicationssystem,likeBluetooth.ItisbasedontheIEEE802.11
recommendation.Italsouses2.4GHzfrequencyband,butitsrangeisabout45metersandit
boastsatransmissionspeedof11Mbit/second.ItisdevelopedbyLucentTechnologies.
WhichtechnologyisusedinBluetoothforavoidinginterference?
FrequencyhoppingisthetechnologyusedinBluetooth.
HowmanySCOlinksarethereinapiconet?
Inapiconet,therecanbeuptothreeSCOlinksof64,000bitspersecondeach.
WhichBluetoothversionusesadaptivefrequencyhopping?Why?
InVersion1.2Adaptivefrequencyhoppingmethodisused,whichimprovesresistancetoradio
interference,andprovideshighertransmissionspeed.
IsitpossibletoconnectmultipleBluetoothhubs?
No,onlyonehubcanbeusedatatimewithacomputer.USBorSerialdevicescanbeadded.
ListsomeTechnologycharacteristicofBluetooth?
Omnidirectional,Adaptiveoutputpowertominimizeinterference,SupportSynchronous&
asynchronousservices,FastFrequencyHoppingtoavoidinterference,Shortdatapacketsto
maximizecapacityduringinterface.
WhichmethodisprimarilyusedforVoicetransfer?
SynchronousConnectionOriented(SCO)isamethodprimarilyusedforVoicetransfer.

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Whatisthestrengthofthesignaltransmittedbypowerfulcellphones?
Thepowerfulcellphonescantransmitasignalof3watts.
Whataretheother(competingornot)wirelesstechnologies?
WiFi,IrDa,EDGE,UWB(UltraWideBand)

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