Report Magic Quadrant For Cloud Infrastructure As A Service 2014

3/12/2015
MagicQuadrantforCloudInfrastructureasaService
MagicQuadrantforCloudInfrastructureasa
Service
28May2014ID:G00261698
Analyst(s):LydiaLeong,DouglasToombs,BobGill,GregorPetri,TinyHaynes
VIEWSUMMARY
Themarketforcloudcomputeinfrastructureasaservice(avirtualdatacenterofcompute,storageand
networkresourcesdeliveredasaservice)isstillmaturingandrapidlyevolving.Strategicprovidersmust
thereforebechosencarefully.
MarketDefinition/Description
CloudcomputingisastyleofcomputinginwhichscalableandelasticITenabledcapabilitiesaredelivered
asaserviceusingInternettechnologies.Cloudinfrastructureasaservice(IaaS)isatypeofcloud
computingserviceitparallelstheinfrastructureanddatacenterinitiativesofIT.CloudcomputeIaaS
constitutesthelargestsegmentofthismarket(thebroaderIaaSmarketalsoincludescloudstorageand
cloudprinting).OnlycloudcomputeIaaSisevaluatedinthisMagicQuadrantitdoesnotcovercloud
storageproviders,platformasaservice(PaaS)providers,softwareasaservice(SaaS)providers,cloud
servicesbrokeragesoranyothertypeofcloudserviceprovider,nordoesitcoverthehardwareand
softwarevendorsthatmaybeusedtobuildcloudinfrastructure.Furthermore,thisMagicQuadrantisnot
anevaluationofthebroad,generalizedcloudcomputingstrategiesofthecompaniesprofiled.
InthecontextofthisMagicQuadrant,cloudcomputeIaaS(hereafterreferredtosimplyas"cloudIaaS"
or"IaaS")isdefinedasastandardized,highlyautomatedoffering,wherecomputeresources,
complementedbystorageandnetworkingcapabilities,areownedbyaserviceproviderandofferedtothe
customerondemand.Theresourcesarescalableandelasticinnearrealtime,andmeteredbyuse.Self
serviceinterfacesareexposeddirectlytothecustomer,includingaWebbasedUIandanAPI.The
resourcesmaybesingletenantormultitenant,andhostedbytheserviceprovideroronpremisesinthe
customer'sdatacenter.
Wedrawadistinctionbetweencloudinfrastructureasaservice,andcloudinfrastructureasatechnology
platformwecallthelattercloudenabledsysteminfrastructure(CESI).IncloudIaaS,thecapabilitiesofa
CESIaredirectlyexposedtothecustomerthroughselfservice.However,otherservices,including
noncloudservices,maybedeliveredontopofaCESIthesecloudenabledservicesmayincludeformsof
managedhosting,datacenteroutsourcingandotherIToutsourcingservices.InthisMagicQuadrant,we
evaluateonlycloudIaaSofferingswedonotevaluatecloudenabledservices.(See"TechnologyOverview
forCloudEnabledSystemInfrastructure,""TechnologyOverviewforCloudEnabledManagedHosting"
and"Don'tBeFooledbyOfferingsFalselyMasqueradingasCloudInfrastructureasaService"formoreon
thisdistinction.)
ThisMagicQuadrantcoversallthecommonusecasesforcloudIaaS,includingdevelopmentandtesting,
productionenvironments(includingthosesupportingmissioncriticalworkloads)forbothinternaland
customerfacingapplications,batchcomputing(includinghighperformancecomputing[HPC])and
disasterrecovery.Itencompassesbothsingleapplicationworkloadsand"virtualdatacenters"(VDCs)
hostingmanydiverseworkloads.Itincludessuitabilityforawiderangeofapplicationdesignpatterns,
includingboth"cloudnative"applicationarchitecturesandenterpriseapplicationarchitectures.
ThisMagicQuadrantprimarilyevaluatescloudIaaSprovidersinthecontextofthefastestgrowingneed
amongGartnerclients:thedesiretohavea"datacenterinthecloud,"wherethecustomerretainsmost
oftheIToperationsresponsibility.Gartner'sclientsaremainlyenterprises,midmarketbusinessesand
technologycompaniesofallsizes,andtheevaluationfocusesontypicalclientrequirements.
ThisMagicQuadrantstronglyemphasizesselfserviceandautomationinastandardizedenvironment.It
focusesontheneedsofcustomerswhoseprimaryneedisselfservicecloudIaaS,althoughitmaybe
supplementedbyasmallamountofcolocationordedicatedservers.Organizationsthatneedsignificant
customizationormanagedservicesforasingleapplication,orthatareseekingcloudIaaSasa
supplementtoatraditionalhostingsolution("hybridhosting"),shouldconsulttheMagicQuadrantsfor
ManagedHostinginstead("MagicQuadrantforManagedHosting,NorthAmerica,""MagicQuadrantfor
EuropeanManagedHosting"and"MagicQuadrantforCloudEnabledManagedHosting,Asia/Pacific").
Organizationsthatdonotwantselfservice,butinsteadwantmanagedserviceswithanunderlyingCESI,
shouldconsultourMagicQuadrantsfordatacenteroutsourcingandinfrastructureutilityservices("Magic
QuadrantforDataCenterOutsourcingandInfrastructureUtilityServices,NorthAmerica,""Magic
QuadrantforDataCenterOutsourcingandInfrastructureUtilityServices,Europe"and"MagicQuadrant
forDataCenterOutsourcingandInfrastructureUtilityServices,Asia/Pacific").
ThisMagicQuadrantevaluatesonlysolutionsthataredeliveredinanentirelystandardizedfashion
http://www.gartner.com/technology/reprints.do?id=11UKQQA6&ct=140528&st=sb
EVIDENCE
Over2,000Gartnerclientinquiriesin2013and
2014
Serviceproviderinterviewsandproduct
demonstrationsin2013and2014
Surveysofmorethan75cloudIaaSprovidersin
2013and2014
Customerreferencesfromtheserviceprovidersin
2013and2014
Handsontrialsofserviceofferingsin2013and
2014
PublicinformationfromsourcessuchasU.S.
SecuritiesandExchangeCommissionfilings,press
releases,vendorwebsitesandcommunitysupport
forums
NOTE1
SSAE16
StatementonStandardsforAttestationEngagements
(SSAE)16thatis,ServiceOrganizationControl
(SOC)1.See"SOCAttestationMightBeAssuranceof
SecurityorItMightNot."
NOTE2
ISO27001
InternationalOrganizationforStandardization
(ISO)/InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(IEC)
27001.See"SecurityResearchRoundupforISO27001
Compliance."
EVALUATIONCRITERIADEFINITIONS
AbilitytoExecute
Product/Service:Coregoodsandservicesofferedby
thevendorforthedefinedmarket.Thisincludes
currentproduct/servicecapabilities,quality,feature
sets,skillsandsoon,whetherofferednativelyor
throughOEMagreements/partnershipsasdefinedin
themarketdefinitionanddetailedinthesubcriteria.
OverallViability:Viabilityincludesanassessmentof
theoverallorganization'sfinancialhealth,thefinancial
andpracticalsuccessofthebusinessunit,andthe
likelihoodthattheindividualbusinessunitwillcontinue
investingintheproduct,willcontinueofferingthe
productandwilladvancethestateoftheartwithinthe
organization'sportfolioofproducts.
SalesExecution/Pricing:Thevendor'scapabilitiesin
allpresalesactivitiesandthestructurethatsupports
them.Thisincludesdealmanagement,pricingand
negotiation,presalessupport,andtheoverall
effectivenessofthesaleschannel.
MarketResponsiveness/Record:Abilitytorespond,
changedirection,beflexibleandachievecompetitive
successasopportunitiesdevelop,competitorsact,
customerneedsevolveandmarketdynamicschange.
Thiscriterionalsoconsidersthevendor'shistoryof
responsiveness.
MarketingExecution:Theclarity,quality,creativity
andefficacyofprogramsdesignedtodeliverthe
organization'smessagetoinfluencethemarket,
promotethebrandandbusiness,increaseawareness
oftheproducts,andestablishapositiveidentification
withtheproduct/brandandorganizationintheminds
ofbuyers.This"mindshare"canbedrivenbya
combinationofpublicity,promotionalinitiatives,
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specifically,publiccloudIaaS,alongwithprivatecloudIaaSthatusesthesameorahighlysimilar
platform.AlthoughmostoftheprovidersinthisMagicQuadrantdooffercustomprivatecloudIaaS,we
havenotconsideredtheseofferingsinourevaluations.Organizationsthatarelookingforcustombuilt,
custommanagedprivatecloudsshoulduseourMagicQuadrantsfordatacenteroutsourcingand
infrastructureutilityservicesinstead(seeabove).
UnderstandingtheVendorProfiles,StrengthsandCautions
IaaSprovidersthattargetenterpriseandmidmarketcustomersgenerallyofferahighqualityservice,
withexcellentavailability,goodperformance,highsecurityandgoodcustomersupport.Exceptionswillbe
notedinthisMagicQuadrant'sevaluationsofindividualproviders.Notethatwhenwesay"allproviders,"
wespecificallymean"alltheevaluatedprovidersincludedinthisMagicQuadrant,"notallcloudIaaS
providersingeneral.Keepthefollowinginmindwhenreadingthevendorprofiles:
AlloftheprovidershaveapubliccloudIaaSoffering.Manyalsohaveanindustrializedprivatecloud
offering,whereeverycustomerisonstandardizedinfrastructureandcloudmanagementtools,
althoughthismayormaynotresembletheprovider'spubliccloudserviceineitherarchitectureor
quality.Asinglearchitectureandfeaturesetandcrosscloudmanagement,forbothpublicand
privatecloudIaaS,makeiteasierforcustomerstocombineandmigrateacrossservicemodelsas
theirneedsdictate,andenabletheprovidertouseitsengineeringinvestmentsmoreeffectively.All
theprovidersalsooffercustomprivateclouds,unlessotherwisenoted.
MostoftheprovidersareorientedtowardtheneedsoftraditionalIToperations,withanemphasis
oncontrol,governanceandsecurity,andtheabilitytorunbothnewapplicationsandlegacy
workloads.Theprovidersthatareorientedtowardtheneedsofdevelopersarenotedassuchthese
providerstypicallyemphasizeeasyaccesstoinfrastructureforindividualswhoarebuildingnew
applications.Somedeveloperorientedofferingstargetsmallormidsizebusinesses(SMBs)and
startups,andlackthefeaturesneededbyenterprisesandmidmarketentities.
Mostoftheprovidershaveresilientinfrastructure,achievedthroughredundantinfrastructurein
conjunctionwithvirtualmachine(VM)clustering,ortheabilitytorapidlydetectVMfailureand
immediatelyrestartitondifferenthardware.TheyarethusabletoofferveryhighSLAsfor
infrastructureavailabilitysometimesashighas99.999%(sometimesexpressedasa100%SLA
witha10minuteexclusion).OfferingswithoutVMclusteringorfastVMrestartwhichprovide
higherlevelsofinfrastructureavailabilitythancanbeexpectedfromasinglephysicalserverare
notedaslackingautorestart.
Mostoftheprovidershavemaintenancewindowsthatresultindowntimeofthecontrolplane
(includingtheGUIandAPI),andmayrequireinfrastructuredowntime.Someofferingscanutilize
livemigrationofVMs,largelyeliminatingtheneedfordowntimetoperformhostmaintenance,but
thisdoesnoteliminatemaintenancewindowsingeneral.
Ingeneral,monthlycomputeavailabilitySLAsof99.95%andhigherarethenorm,andtheyare
typicallyhigherthanavailabilitySLAsformanagedhosting.Servicecreditsforoutagesinagiven
montharetypicallycappedat100%ofthemonthlybill.Thisavailabilitypercentageistypicallynon
negotiable,asitisbasedonanengineeringestimateoftheunderlyinginfrastructurereliability.
MaintenancewindowsarenormallyexcludedfromtheSLA.
SomeprovidershaveacomputeavailabilitySLAthatrequiresthecustomertousecompute
capabilitiesinatleasttwofaultdomains(sometimesknownasavailabilityzonesoravailabilitysets)
anSLAviolationrequiresbothfaultdomainstofail.ProviderswithanSLAofthistypeareexplicitly
notedashavingamultifaultdomainSLA.
VeryfewoftheprovidershaveanSLAforcomputeorstorageperformance.However,mostofthe
providersdonotoversubscribecomputeorRAMresourcesprovidersthatdonotguaranteeresource
allocationsarenotedexplicitly.Storageperformancevariesconsiderablybetweenproviders.Some
providerscanoffertieredstoragewithasolidstatedrive(SSD)option.
thoughtleadership,wordofmouthandsalesactivities.
CustomerExperience:Relationships,productsand
services/programsthatenableclientstobesuccessful
withtheproductsevaluated.Specifically,thisincludes
thewayscustomersreceivetechnicalsupportor
accountsupport.Thiscanalsoincludeancillarytools,
customersupportprograms(andthequalitythereof),
availabilityofusergroups,servicelevelagreements
andsoon.
Operations:Theabilityoftheorganizationtomeet
itsgoalsandcommitments.Factorsincludethequality
oftheorganizationalstructure,includingskills,
experiences,programs,systemsandothervehicles
thatenabletheorganizationtooperateeffectivelyand
efficientlyonanongoingbasis.
CompletenessofVision
MarketUnderstanding:Abilityofthevendorto
understandbuyers'wantsandneedsandtotranslate
thoseintoproductsandservices.Vendorsthatshow
thehighestdegreeofvisionlistentoandunderstand
buyers'wantsandneeds,andcanshapeorenhance
thosewiththeiraddedvision.
MarketingStrategy:Aclear,differentiatedsetof
messagesconsistentlycommunicatedthroughoutthe
organizationandexternalizedthroughthewebsite,
advertising,customerprogramsandpositioning
statements.
SalesStrategy:Thestrategyforsellingproductsthat
usestheappropriatenetworkofdirectandindirect
sales,marketing,service,andcommunication
affiliatesthatextendthescopeanddepthofmarket
reach,skills,expertise,technologies,servicesandthe
customerbase.
Offering(Product)Strategy:Thevendor'sapproach
toproductdevelopmentanddeliverythatemphasizes
differentiation,functionality,methodologyandfeature
setsastheymaptocurrentandfuturerequirements.
BusinessModel:Thesoundnessandlogicofthe
vendor'sunderlyingbusinessproposition.
Vertical/IndustryStrategy:Thevendor'sstrategy
todirectresources,skillsandofferingstomeetthe
specificneedsofindividualmarketsegments,including
verticalmarkets.
Innovation:Direct,related,complementaryand
synergisticlayoutsofresources,expertiseorcapital
forinvestment,consolidation,defensiveorpre
emptivepurposes.
GeographicStrategy:Thevendor'sstrategytodirect
resources,skillsandofferingstomeetthespecific
needsofgeographiesoutsidethe"home"ornative
geography,eitherdirectlyorthroughpartners,
channelsandsubsidiariesasappropriateforthat
geographyandmarket.
ManyprovidershaveadditionalSLAs,coveringnetworkavailabilityandperformance,customer
serviceresponsivenessandotherserviceaspects.
Infrastructureresourcesarenotnormallyautomaticallyreplicatedintomultipledatacentersunless
otherwisenotedcustomersareresponsiblefortheirownbusinesscontinuity.Someprovidersoffer
optionaldisasterrecoverysolutions.
Allprovidersoffer,atminimum,perhourmeteringofVMs,andsomecanoffershortermetering
increments,whichcanbemorecosteffectiveforshorttermbatchjobs.Providerschargeonaper
VMbasisunlessotherwisenoted.Someprovidersoffereitherasharedresourcepool(SRP)pricing
modelorareflexibleabouthowtheypricetheservice.IntheSRPmodel,customerscontractfora
certainamountofcapacity(intermsofCPUandRAM),butcanallocatethatcapacitytoVMsinan
arbitraryway,includingbeingabletooversubscribethatcapacityvoluntarilyadditionalcapacitycan
usuallybepurchasedondemandbythehour.
SomeoftheprovidersallowcustomerstochoosearbitrarysizeVMsanycombinationofvirtual
CPUs(vCPUs),RAMandVMstorage,subjecttosomelimits.Providersthatdonotallowthisare
explicitlynotedasofferingfixedsizeVMs.SomeproviderswithfixedsizeVMshaveaverylimited
rangeofVMsizes,whileothershaveawidevarietyofsizesandsuitabroadrangeofusecases.
SomeproviderswhoofferarbitrarysizeVMsmayenforceamaximumratiobetweenvCPUsand
RAM.
MostoftheproviderscanresizeanexistingVMwithoutneedingtoreprovisionitthosethatcannot
areexplicitlynotedasofferingnonresizableVMs.SomeoftheproviderscanresizeanexistingVM
withoutneedingtorebootit.
MostoftheproviderscanprovisionabasicLinuxVMwithin5minutes(althoughthiswillincrease
withlargeOSimages,andWindowsVMstypicallytakesomewhatlonger).Thosethatcannotare
notedashavingslowprovisioning.MostproviderscandosimultaneousprovisioningofmultipleVMs
forexample,provisioning20VMswillfinishaboutasquicklyasoneVM.Thosethatcannotarenoted
assuch,andthedegradationcanbesignificant(someproviderstakeoveranhourtoprovision20
VMs).Nonsimultaneousprovisioninghasamajornegativeimpactindisasterrecovery,instanthigh
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scalabilityandbatchcomputingscenarios.
SomeoftheprovidersareabletoofferanoptionforsingletenantVMswithinapubliccloudIaaS
offering,onafullydynamicbasis,whereacustomercanchoosetoplaceaVMonahostthatis
temporarilyphysicallydedicatedtojustthatcustomer,withoutthecustomerneedingtobuyaVM
thatissolargethatitconsumesthewholephysicalhost.TheseVMsaretypicallymoreexpensive
thanVMsonsharedhosts.Providersthathavethisoptionarenotedassuch.
Someoftheprovidersareabletooffer"baremetal"physicalserversonadynamicbasis.Duetothe
longerprovisioningtimesinvolvedforphysicalequipment(twohoursiscommon),theminimum
billingincrementforsuchserversisusuallydaily,ratherthanhourly.Providerswithabaremetal
optionarenotedassuch.
Alltheprovidersofferanoptionforcolocation,unlessotherwisenoted.Manycustomershaveneeds
thatrequireasmallamountofsupplementalcolocationinconjunctionwiththeircloudmost
frequentlyforalargescaledatabase,butsometimesforspecializednetworkequipment,software
thatcannotbelicensedonvirtualizedservers,orlegacyequipment.Colocationisspecifically
mentionedonlywhenaserviceprovideractivelysellscolocationasastandaloneservicea
significantnumberofmidmarketcustomersplantomoveintocolocationandthengraduallymigrate
intothatprovider'sIaaSoffering.
Typically,thestorageassociatedwithanindividualVMispersistent.However,someprovidershave
ephemeralstorage,wherethestorageexistsonlyduringthelifeoftheVMiftheVMgoesaway
unexpectedly(forinstance,duetohardwarefailure),alldatainthatstorageislost.Ephemeral
storageisalwaysnotedexplicitly.
AlltheprovidersofferVMindependentblockstorageunlessotherwisenoted.Afewprovidersallow
storagevolumestobemountedonmultipleVMssimultaneously,althoughcustomersmust
correctlyarchitecttheirsolutionstoensuredataintegrity(justastheywouldwithatraditional
storagearray).
Alltheprovidersofferobjectbasedcloudstorage,unlessotherwisenoted.Inmanycases,this
serviceisintegratedwithacontentdeliverynetwork(CDN).
AlltheprovidershaveaprivateWANthatconnectstheirdatacenters,unlessotherwisenoted.They
offeranoptionforprivatenetworkconnectivity(usuallyintheformofMultiprotocolLabelSwitching
[MPLS]orEthernetpurchasedfromthecustomer'schoiceofcarrier),betweentheircloud
environmentandthecustomer'spremises,unlessotherwisenoted.Providersforwhichwestate
"thirdpartyconnectivityisviapartnerexchanges"areoneswhereprivateconnectivityisobtained
viacrossconnectinthedatacentersofselectpartners,suchasEquinixthisalsomeetstheneeds
ofcustomerswhorequirecolocatedequipment.Somecarriersmayalsohavespecialproductsfor
connectingtospecificcloudprovidersforexample,AT&TNetBondandVerizonSecureCloud
Interconnect.
MostoftheproviderssupporttheuseofInternetbasedIPsecVPN(virtualprivatenetworking).All
theprovidersallowcustomerstohaveVMswithonlyprivateInternetProtocol(IP)addresses(no
publicInternetconnectivity),andalsoallowcustomerstousetheirownIPaddressranges,unless
otherwisenoted.Someprovidersmayenforcesecureaccesstomanagementconsoles,restricting
accesstoVPNsorprivateconnectivity.
Alltheprovidersclaimtohavehighsecuritystandards.Theextentofthesecuritycontrolsprovided
tocustomersvariessignificantly,though.Allprovidersoffermultifactorauthentication(MFA),unless
otherwisenoted.Mostprovidersofferadditionalsecurityservices.Alltheprovidersevaluatedcan
offersolutionsthatwillmeetcommonregulatorycomplianceneeds,unlessotherwisenoted.Allthe
providershaveSSAE16auditsfortheirdatacenters(seeNote1),andsomemayhaveISO27001
auditsfortheircloudIaaSoffering(seeNote2)auditsshouldnotbetakenasindicationsof
security.
Mostprovidersofferafirewall(intrusiondetectionsystem/intrusionpreventionsystem)aspartof
theiroffering,althoughafewofferonlyaccesscontrollists(ACLs)andafewoffernoselfservice
networksecurityatallthiswillalwaysbeexplicitlynoted.Allprovidersprovidedistributeddenialof
service(DDoS)attackmitigation,unlessotherwisenoted.
Alltheprovidersoffercustomersaselfserviceabilitytocreatecomplexnetworktopologieswith
multiplenetworksegmentsandmultiplevirtualnetworkinterfacecards(NICs),unlessotherwise
noted.
AlltheprovidersallowcustomerstobringtheirownVMimages,unlessotherwisenoted.Thisallows
acustomertocreatesnapshotsofexistingVMswithintheirowninternaldatacenter,andthen
directlyimportthemviaselfserviceintotheprovider'scloud,ratherthanhavingtostartfromthe
provider'sownVMimagelibrary.ThisalsoallowstheimportofVMappliancesandotherprepackaged
VMimagesfromindependentsoftwarevendors(ISVs).Allprovidersallowstoragesnapshotsand
havetheabilitytoturnthesnapshotintoaVMimage,unlessotherwisenoted.Alltheproviders
havetheabilitytodobulkimportandexportofdataonphysicalmedia,unlessotherwisenoted.
Someprovidersallowcustomerstocreateprovisioningtemplatesthatgroupmultipleresources,
includingcompute,storageandnetworkelements,andallowthemtobeprovisionedasaunit.
Someoftheprovidersalsohavepostprovisioninghooks,allowingcustomerstorunscriptsafterVM
provisioningiscompletebutbeforetheVMisavailableforlogin.
Alltheprovidersofferselfservicemonitoringasanoption,unlessotherwisenoted.Afewoffer
triggerbasedautoscaling,whichallowsprovisioningrelatedactionstobetakenbasedona
monitoredevent.Someprovidersofferschedulebasedautoscaling,whichallowsprovisioning
relatedactionstobeexecutedataparticulartime.
Alltheprovidersofferselfservice,frontendloadbalancing,unlessotherwisenoted.Allalsooffer
backendloadbalancing(usedtodistributeloadacrossthemiddleandbackendtiersofan
application),unlessotherwisenoted.
Alltheprovidersofferaportalandselfservicemechanismthatisdesignedformultipleusersand
thatoffershierarchicaladministrationandrolebasedaccesscontrol(RBAC).However,thedegreeof
RBACgranularityvariesgreatly.Frommosttoleastcontrol,RBACcanbeperelement,tag,groupor
account.Unlessstatedotherwise,aprovider'sRBACappliesacrosstheaccount.Providerstypically
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predefinesomerolestheabilitytohavecustomerdefinedrolesoffersmorecontrol,andisnoted
whereavailable.Westronglyrecommendthatcustomersthatneedthesefeatures,butthatwant
touseaproviderthatdoesnothavestrongsupportforthem,evaluateathirdpartymanagement
tool,suchasDellCloudManager(formerlyEnstratius),RightScaleorServiceMesh(acquiredbyCSC).
Allproviderslogeventssuchasresourceprovisioninganddeprovisioning,VMstartandstop,and
accountchanges,andallowcustomersselfserviceaccesstothoselogsforatleast60days,unless
otherwisenoted.
Allproviders,unlessotherwisenoted,offertheabilitytoplacemetadatatagsonprovisioned
resources,andtorunreportsbasedonthem,whichisusefulforinternalshowbackorchargeback.
Someprovidersalsooffercostcontrolmeasuressuchasquotas(limitsonwhatausercanprovision)
andleases(timelimitedprovisioningofresources).
Allprovidersofferenterpriseclasssupportwith24/7customerservice,viaphone,emailandchat,
alongwithanaccountmanager.Mostprovidersincludethiswiththeiroffering.Someofferalower
levelofsupportbydefault,butallowcustomerstopayextraforenterpriseclasssupport.
Alltheproviderswillsigncontractswithcustomers,caninvoice,andcanconsolidatebillsfrom
multipleaccounts.Whilesomemayalsoofferonlinesignupandcreditcardbilling,theyrecognize
thatenterprisebuyersprefercontractsandinvoices.Somewillsign"zerodollar"contractsthatdo
notcommitacustomertoacertainvolume.
Alltheprovidersevaluatedarebelievedtobefinanciallystable,withbusinessplansthatare
adequatelyfunded.Customersshouldnotneedtoworryaboutthemgoingoutofbusiness.
However,manyofthesmallerprovidersarelikelytobepotentialacquisitiontargetsanacquisition
cancausesignificantchangesinthestrategyanddirectionofabusiness,andmayresultinaservice
transitionperiodifthemergedcompaniesconsolidatetheirplatforms.Furthermore,smallIaaS
businesseswithinlargevendorsmaybesubjecttoturmoilifthevendorchangesitsoverallcloud
strategy.
Manyoftheprovidershavewhitelabelorresellerprograms,andsomemaybewillingtolicense
theirsoftware.Wementionsoftwarelicensingonlywhenitisasignificantportionoftheprovider's
businessotherserviceproviders,notenterprises,areusuallythelicensees.Wedonotmention
channelprogramspotentialpartnersshouldsimplyassumethatallthesecompaniesareopento
discussingarelationship.(See"InfrastructureasaServiceintheCloudServicesValueChain"for
details.)
MostoftheprovidersofferoptionalmanagedservicesonIaaS.However,notallofferthesametype
ofmanagedservicesonIaaSastheydointheirbroadermanagedhostingordatacenter
outsourcingservices.Somemayhavemanagedservicesprovider(MSP)orsystemintegrator(SI)
partnersthatprovidemanagedandprofessionalservices.
Alltheevaluatedprovidersofferaportal,documentation,technicalsupport,customersupportand
contractsinEnglish.SomecanprovideoneormoreoftheseinlanguagesotherthanEnglish.Most
providerscanconductbusinessinlocallanguages,evenifallaspectsofserviceareEnglishonly.
Customerswhoneedmultilingualsupportwillfinditverychallengingtosourceanoffering.
FormatoftheVendorDescriptions
Whendescribingeachprovider,wefirstbrieflysummarizethenatureofthecompanyandthenprovide
informationaboutitspubliccloudIaaSofferings(andanysingletenantofferingsthatareotherwise
identical),inthefollowingformat:
Locations:CloudIaaSdatacenterlocationsbycountry,languagesthatthecompanydoesbusinessin,
andlanguagesthattechnicalsupportcanbeconductedin.
Compute,storage,networkandsecuritynotes:Notesontheoffering,includinganymissingcore
functionalityorsignificantfeatures,comparedwiththestandardfunctionalitydiscussedabove.
Othernotes:Welistothercapabilitiesofnote,includingimportantmissingcapabilities.Wespecifically
noteothercloudrelatedservices,suchascloudstorage(whichallprovidershave,unlessotherwise
noted),aswellastheavailabilityofmanagedservices,eventhoughthoseserviceofferingsarenot
specificallyevaluatedinthecontextofthisMagicQuadrant,becausetheyarecapabilitiesfrequently
requestedbycustomersinconjunctionwithcloudIaaS.(See"MarketInsight:CustomersNeedHybrid
CloudComputeInfrastructureasaService"fordetails.)
Inthecomputenotes,westatethebasisofeachprovider'svirtualizationtechnologyand,ifrelevant,its
cloudmanagementplatform(CMP).WealsostatewhatAPIsitsupportstheAmazonWebServices
(AWS),OpenStackandvCloudAPIsarethethreethathavebroadadoption,butmanyprovidersalsohave
theirownuniqueAPI.NotethatsupportingoneofthethreecommonAPIsdoesnotprovideassurance
thataprovider'sserviceiscompatiblewithaspecifictoolthatpurportstosupportthatAPIthe
completenessandaccuracyofAPIimplementationsvaryconsiderably.Furthermore,neithertheuseof
thesameunderlyingCMPnorAPIcompatibilityindicatesthattwoservicesareinteroperable.Specifically,
OpenStackbasedcloudsdiffersignificantlyfromoneanother,limitingportabilitythemarketinghypeof
"novendorlockin"is,practicallyspeaking,untrue.
Formanycustomers,theunderlyinghypervisorwillmatter,particularlyforthosethatintendtorun
commercialsoftwareonIaaS.ManyISVssupportonlyVMwarevirtualization,andthosevendorsthat
supportXenmaysupportonlyCitrixXenServer,notopensourceXen(whichisoftencustomizedbyIaaS
providersandislikelytobedifferentfromthecurrentopensourceversion).
ServicesthatuseVMware'svirtualizationtechnologiesarelabeledasfollows:
vCloudDatacenterService.ThisservicehasbeencertifiedtomeetVMware'sgloballyconsistent
servicedefinitions,securityandregulatorycompliancerequirements,andrequirementsfor
availabilityandhighperformance.Itisbasedonaprescriptivearchitectureintendedtomaximize
portabilitybetweenprovidersofvCloudDatacenterServiceandabusiness'sownVMwarevirtualized
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datacenterinfrastructure.Only10providersworldwidehavesuchaserviceandmostofthemdo
notyethaveasignificantcustomerbaseonthisplatform.Theseprovidersalsomeetthe
requirementsforbeingvCloudPowered.
vCloudPowered.TheseprovidersarepartofVMware'sserviceproviderpartnerprogram.Theservice
isbasedonVMware'svSphereandvCloudDirector(vCD),exposesthevCloudAPI,andsupportsthe
OpenVirtualizationFormat(OVF)forimageuploadanddownload.Unlessotherwisestated,these
providersexposethevCDUItocustomers.BecausethevCDfeaturesexposedcanbecustomizedby
theserviceprovider,andtheserviceprovidertypicallyneedstoprovideanarrayoffeaturesnot
includedinvCD(suchasmonitoring),thereisstillsignificantdifferentiationbetweenvCloud
Poweredproviders.InavCloudPoweredofferingwiththevCDUIexposed,vCDisusedtodriveself
servicemanagementandprovideaservicecatalog.vCDisakeypartofVMware'sstrategyfor
drivingadoptionofhybridinternalexternalcloudIaaS,andfacilitatesinteroperabilitybetween
VMwarevirtualizedinfrastructures,regardlessofwhethertheyareinternaltoabusinessoroffered
byaserviceprovider.vCDprovidesthecapabilitytomanageverycomplexinfrastructureneeds,but
alsorequiresagreaterinvestmentintrainingandsetuptimefromanITadministratorinorderto
facilitateeasierselfserviceforusers.
vCloudExpress.vCloudExpressisaVMwaredefinedofferingaimedatdevelopersandsmall
businesses,withonlinesignup,creditcardpayment,selfserviceandbythehourservice.
VMwarevirtualized.ThisserviceusesVMware'shypervisor,butisnotavCloudDatacenter,vCloud
PoweredorvCloudExpressservice.Manysuchofferingsarehighqualityservicesfromearly,
marketleadinginnovatorstheseproviderstypicallyenteredthemarketbeforevCDbecame
availableandhaveelectedtocontinuetodeveloptheirowntechnology.
Wesummarizealloftheproviderdescriptions,includingacomparisonoftheircapabilitiesagainstour
baselineexpectationofcapabilities,intabularformatin"Toolkit:ComparisonMatrixforCloud
InfrastructureasaServiceProviders,2014."
Weprovideadetailedlistofevaluationcriteriain"EvaluationCriteriaforCloudInfrastructureasa
Service."Our"CriticalCapabilitiesforPublicCloudInfrastructureasaService"providesausecasefocused
technicalevaluationofthepubliccloudIaaSofferingsoftheincludedproviders.
RecommendedUses
Foreachvendor,wealsoproviderecommendationsforuse.Themosttypicalrecommendedusesare:
Cloudnativeapplications.TheseareapplicationsspecificallyarchitectedtoruninacloudIaaS
environment,usingcloudtransactionprocessing(TP)principles.
Ebusinesshosting.Theseareemarketingsites,ecommercesites,SaaSapplications,andsimilar
modernwebsitesandWebbasedapplications.TheyareusuallyInternetfacing.Theyaredesigned
toscaleoutandareresilienttoinfrastructurefailure,buttheymightnotusecloudTPprinciples.
Generalbusinessapplications.Thesearethekindsofgeneralpurposeworkloadstypicallyfoundin
theinternaldatacentersofmosttraditionalbusinessestheapplicationusersareusuallylocated
withinthebusiness.Manysuchworkloadsaresmall,andtheyareoftennotdesignedtoscaleout.
Theyareusuallyarchitectedwiththeassumptionthattheunderlyinginfrastructureisreliable,but
theyarenotnecessarilymissioncritical.Examplesincludeintranetsites,collaborationapplications
suchasMicrosoftSharePoint,andmanybusinessprocessapplications.
Enterpriseapplications.Thesearegeneralpurposeworkloadsthataremissioncritical,andtheymay
becomplex,performancesensitiveorcontainhighlysensitivedatatheyaretypicalofamodest
percentageoftheworkloadsfoundintheinternaldatacentersofmosttraditionalbusinesses.They
areusuallynotdesignedtoscaleout,andtheworkloadsmaydemandlargeVMsizes.Theyare
architectedwiththeassumptionthattheunderlyinginfrastructureisreliableandcapableofhigh
performance.
Developmentenvironments.Theseworkloadsarerelatedtothedevelopmentandtestingof
applications.Theyareassumednottorequirehighavailabilityorhighperformance.However,they
arelikelytorequiregovernanceforteamsofusers.
Batchcomputing.Theseworkloadsincludehighperformancecomputing(HPC),"bigdata"analytics
andotherworkloadsthatrequirelargeamountsofcapacityondemand.Theydonotrequirehigh
availability,butmayrequirehighperformance.
Forallthevendors,therecommendedusesarespecifictoselfmanagedcloudIaaS.However,manyof
theprovidersalsohavemanagedservices,aswellasothercloudandnoncloudservicesthatmaybeused
inconjunctionwithcloudIaaS.Theseincludehybridhosting(customerssometimesblendsolutions,such
asanentirelyselfmanagedfrontendWebtieronpubliccloudIaaS,withmanagedhostingforthe
applicationserversanddatabase),aswellashybridIaaSPaaSsolutions.Eventhoughwedonotevaluate
managedservices,PaaSandthelikeinthisMagicQuadrant,theyarepartofavendor'soverallvalue
propositionandwementiontheminthecontextofprovidingmorecomprehensivesolution
recommendations.
MagicQuadrant
Figure1.MagicQuadrantforCloudInfrastructureasaService
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Source:Gartner(May2014)
VendorStrengthsandCautions
AmazonWebServices
AWS,asubsidiaryofAmazon.com,isacloudfocusedserviceproviderwithaverypurevisionofhighly
automated,costeffectiveITcapabilities,deliveredinaflexible,ondemandmanner.
Locations:AWShasgroupsofdatacenters,whichitcalls"regions,"ontheEastandWestCoastsofthe
U.S.,andinIreland,Japan,Singapore,Australia,Brazil,and(inpreview)China.Italsohasoneregion
dedicatedtotheU.S.federalgovernment.Ithasglobalsales.SupportisprovidedinEnglish,Japaneseand
Portuguese.TechnicalaccountmanagerscanalsoprovidesupportinGerman,Spanish,Hindi,Koreanand
Mandarin.TheportalanddocumentationareavailableinEnglish,Dutch,French,German,Portuguese,
Spanish,Japanese,KoreanandMandarin.
Compute:ElasticComputeCloud(EC2)offersmultitenant,fixedsizeandnonresizable,Xenvirtualized
VMswithoutautorestart.SingletenantVMsareavailableviaDedicatedInstances.Therearespecial
optionsforHPC,includinggraphicsprocessingunits(GPUs).AWSdoesnothaveanyformalprivatecloud
offerings,thoughitiswillingtonegotiatesuchdeals(suchasitsdealfortheU.S.intelligencecommunity
cloud).
Storage:VMstorageisephemeral.PersistencerequiresVMindependentblockstorage(ElasticBlock
Store).ThereisanoptionforSSDs,aswellasstorageperformanceguarantees(ProvisionedIOPS).
Objectbasedstorage(SimpleStorageService[S3])isintegratedwithaCDN(CloudFront),thereisan
optionforlongtermarchivestorage(Glacier),andAWSoffersitsowncloudstoragegatewayappliance.
Network:AWSoffersafullrangeofnetworkingoptions.ComplexnetworkingandIPsecVPNisdonevia
AmazonVirtualPrivateCloud(VPC).Thirdpartyconnectivityisviapartnerexchanges(AWSDirect
Connect).
Security:RBACisperelement,withcustomerdefinedrolesandexceptionalcontroloverpermissions.
AWShasobtainedmanysecurityandcompliancerelatedcertificationsandaudits.
Othernotes:Enterprisegradesupportisextra.TheSLAismultifaultdomain,butdoesnothaveany
exclusionformaintenanceAWSalsoofferscontinuousavailabilityonitsportalandAPI.Notable
capabilitiesincludeorchestration(CloudFormationandOpsWorks),autoscaling,databaseasaservice
(RelationalDatabaseService[RDS]),Hadoopasaservice(ElasticMapReduce),datawarehousingasa
service(Redshift),anddesktopasaservice(WorkSpaces).AWSdoesnotoffercolocationapartner
exchangemustbeusedinstead.Weprovidepurchasingguidancein"WhatManagersNeedtoKnow
AboutAmazonWebServices"andadetailedtechnicalevaluationin"AmazonWebServices(AWS):In
DepthAssessment."
Recommendeduses:Allusecasesthatrunwellinavirtualizedenvironment,althoughhighlysecure
applications,strictlycompliantorenterpriseapplications(especiallycomplexonessuchasSAPbusiness
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applications)requirespecialattentiontoarchitecture.
Strengths
AWShasadiversecustomerbaseandthebroadestrangeofusecases,includingenterpriseand
missioncriticalapplications.Itistheoverwhelmingmarketshareleader,withmorethanfivetimes
thecloudIaaScomputecapacityinusethantheaggregatetotaloftheother14providersinthis
MagicQuadrant.Itisathoughtleaderitisextraordinarilyinnovative,exceptionallyagile,andvery
responsivetothemarket.IthastherichestarrayofIaaSfeaturesandPaaSlikecapabilities,and
continuestorapidlyexpanditsserviceofferings.Itistheprovidermostcommonlychosenfor
strategicadoption.
AWShasaverylargetechnologypartnerecosystem.Manysoftwarevendorshavespeciallylicensed
andpackagedtheirsoftwaretorunonEC2,eitherindependentlyorviatheAWSMarketplace,which
easesdeploymentandeliminatessomeofthechallengesassociatedwithlicensingsoftwaretorun
inthecloud.ItsAPIissupportedbymanythirdpartiesthatprovideassociatedmanagementtools,
andmanyopensourceandcommercialCMPsarecompatiblewithitsAPI.AlthoughAWSisnot
directlyinvolvedinthehybridonpremisescloudbusiness,ithaspartnersthatcanoffersuch
solutions.
AWShasanextensivenetworkofpartnersthatcanofferassistancewithadoptingitsplatform.Itis
increasinglytargetingmainstreamenterprisesandthemidmarketviagotomarketpartnerships
withSIs(suchasCapgemini,CognizantandWipro)thatprovideapplicationdevelopmentexpertise,
managedservicesandprofessionalservicessuchasdatacentermigration,althoughsuchproviders
donotnecessarilydeliversolutionsthatareoptimalforthecloudenvironment.Therearealsomany
consultingandmanagedservicespartnersthatofferacloudnativeapproach,suchasDatapipeand
2ndWatch.
AWShasmultiple"availabilityzones"(AZs)withinitsregions.TheseAZsareeffectivelymultiple
datacentersincloseproximitytooneanother.AWS'sservicesaredesignedtomakeiteasiertorun
applicationsacrossmultipleAZscustomersareresponsibleforarchitectingtheirapplicationsfor
highavailability.However,newcapabilitiesarerolledoutincrementally,regionbyregion,sonewer
capabilitiesarenotnecessarilyavailableineveryregion.
Cautions
AWSisapriceleader,butitchargesseparatelyforoptionalitemsthataresometimesbundledwith
competitiveofferings.Thisincreasesthecomplexityofunderstandingandauditingbills.Prospective
customersshouldbecarefultomodelthecostsaccurately,especiallyfornetworkrelatedcharges,
andtocomparethecostsofreservedandunreservedcapacity,aswellasAWS's"spotpricing"
market.
AWS'ssupportofferingsaretieredbasedonthelevelofsupportthatacustomerpurchases,rather
thanona"relationship"orsizeofspendbasisthequalityofsupportdiffersmateriallybetween
tiers.AWSdoesnotincludeenterprisegradesupportbydefaultcustomerswillneedtobuy
Businesstiersupportforthis.ItsEnterprisetiersupportoffersadedicatedtechnicalaccount
managerandother"platinum"capabilities,providingahigherdegreeofsupportthanmostofits
competitorsofferwithoutmanagedservices,butitcarriesuptoa10%premiumonthecustomer's
overallAWSspend.
AWShasfieldsales,solutionsengineeringandprofessionalservicesorganizations,buttherapid
growthofAWS'sbusinessmeansthatsalescapacityisinsufficienttoconsistentlysatisfyprospective
customerswhoneedconsultativesales.Forbettertermsandconditions,customersshouldsignan
EnterpriseAgreement,whichistypicallyazerodollarcontract.Invoicingisavailableonrequest.
AWSisbeginningtofacesignificantcompetitionfromMicrosoftinthetraditionalbusinessmarket,
andfromGoogleinthecloudnativemarket.Sofar,ithasrespondedaggressivelytopricedropsby
competitorsoncommodityresources.However,althoughitiscontinuouslyreducingitsprices,it
doesnotcommoditypriceserviceswhereithassuperiorcapabilities.AWScurrentlyhasamultiyear
competitiveadvantage,butisnolongertheonlyfastmoving,innovative,globalclassproviderinthe
market.
CenturyLink
CenturyLinkacquiredSavvis,aWebhosterwithalongtrackrecordofleadershipinthehostingmarket,
in2011.ItacquiredTier3,apureplaycloudIaaSprovider,inNovember2013,andmergeditintoSavvis
tocreatetheCenturyLinkTechnologySolutionsbusinessunit.Ithasabroadsuiteofofferings,including
colocation,managedhosting,datacenteroutsourcing,andPaaS(viaitsacquisitionofAppFog).Itspublic
cloudIaaSoffering,CenturyLinkCloud,usesthenewlyacquiredTier3platform.TheformerSavvispublic
andprivatecloudIaaSofferings,whichwereundertheSymphonybrand,andarenowknownasCloud
DataCenterandCloudServers,arenolongerbeingactivelymarketedtonewcustomers,although
CenturyLinkwillstillprovidethesesolutionsifappropriate.
Locations:CenturyLinkCloud(CLC)isavailableinmultipledatacentersacrosstheU.S.,alongwith
Canada,GermanyandtheU.K.CenturyLink'sprivatecloudofferingsareavailableinabroadrangeofdata
centersglobally.CenturyLinkhasglobalsales,andbusinessisconductedinlocallanguages,butthe
serviceisofferedonlyinEnglish.
Compute:CLCisamultitenant,paidbytheVM,VMwarevirtualizedoffering.ThelegacyCloudData
Center2service(CDC2,thesuccessortoSavvisSymphonyVPDC)isamultitenant,paidbytheVM,
VMwarevirtualizedoffering.TheCloudServersservice(originallyofferedundertheSymphonyOpenand
Dedicatedbrands)isVMwarevirtualized,withvaryingpricingmodels,anddoesnothaveanAPI.All
offeringslacksimultaneousprovisioning.
Storage:CLChaspersistentlocalstoragewithanSSDoption,aswellasVMindependentblockstorage
thatisintegratedwithrollingbackupsanddisasterrecoveryoptions.Theotherofferingsonlyhavelocal
storage.
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Network:Thereisnobackendloadbalancing.Noneoftheofferingssupporttheabilitytousecustomer
suppliedIPaddresses,nordotheyfullysupportselfservicecomplexnetworktopologies.MostoftheCLC
datacentersarenotyetprivatelyconnectedviatheCenturyLinknetwork.
Security:CLC'sRBACisperelement.CDC2'sRBACispergroup.CLCdoesnotsupportMFA.CLCcan
supportPCIrequirements,butothercompliancerequirementsrequirenoncloudelementsormanaged
services.
Othernotes:CLC'sBlueprintscanbeusedtoscripttheprovisioningofcomplex,multidatacenter
infrastructureconfigurations.CLCsupportsleases.ManagedservicesfortheguestOSlayerareoptionalin
CLCandCDC2.ThefullrangeofmanagedservicesareavailableinCenturyLink'sprivatecloudIaaS
offerings.CenturyLinkalsooffersdatabaseasaservice.
Recommendeduses:Generalbusinessapplications,enterpriseapplications,development
environments,cloudnativeapplications,ebusinesshosting.
Strengths
CenturyLinkhasacompellinganddistinctivevisionofapplicationfluentinfrastructurethatspans
network,computeandstoragecapabilities.WiththeacquisitionofTier3,ithasobtainedanIaaS
offeringthatcombinesanexcellent,differentiatedsetoffeaturesonawellengineeredplatformwith
aneasytouseselfserviceportal.Itisoneofthefewserviceswithbothcloudnativecapabilities
thatareattractivetodevelopersandthegovernanceandmanagementfeaturesneededbylarge
enterprises.
CenturyLinkhasawellestablishedtrackrecordofdeliveringenterprisecloudservicesforproduction
andmissioncriticalneeds,includingaddressingtheneedsofcustomerswithextensivesecurityand
compliancerequirements.However,manyofCenturyLink'scapabilitiesaredeliveredasmanaged
services,ratherthantruecloudservices.
WhileCenturyLinkisincreasinglyfocusedonusingthecloudasameanstoenterthedatacenter
outsourcingmarket,itneverthelesshasacompetitivefeaturesetforselfservice,andsuccessfully
blendstheselfserviceandmanagedservicesmodelsacrossahybridsolutionportfolio.Theexisting
CenturyLinkbaseofmanagedhosting,colocationandnetworkcustomersprovidesitwithcross
sellingopportunities.
Cautions
WhileCenturyLinkhasanambitiousvisionandroadmap,itwillbechallengedtomusterthe
resourcesandagilityoftheleadingprovidersinthismarket.CenturyLinkwillneedtofocuson
midmarketandenterprisecustomerswhoneedtailoredsolutionsandmanagedservices.
CenturyLinkisconsolidatingallofitsIaaSplatforms.Previously,ithadmultipletypesofsingle
tenantandmultitenantIaaS.Thismeansthatexistingcustomerswilleventuallyhavetomigrateto
thenewCLCofferingtheolderofferingsarestillbeingsupportedbutnolongerbeingimproved.
However,CLCiscurrentlyonlymultitenant,soCenturyLinkcontinuestosellitsprevioussingle
tenantofferings,andinsomecases,mayalsosellitsotherlegacyofferings.Currentandprospective
customerswhodonotintendtouseCLCshouldconsiderwhattheywilldooverthelongterm.
CenturyLinkisstilllearningtodeliversolutionsontheCLCoffering,whichcreateschallengesfor
sales,solutionengineering,installationanddelivery.Customerswhoarenotsimplyusingself
serviceonthestandardmultitenantCLCofferingshouldtakeextracaretounderstandhow
CenturyLinkintendstoarchitectanddelivertheirsolution.Furthermore,overthepasttwoyears,
Savviscustomershavereportedcustomerservicechallenges.
CSC
CSCisalarge,traditionalIToutsourcerwithabroadrangeofdatacenteroutsourcingcapabilities.
Locations:CSChasmultipleclouddatacentersintheU.S.,aswellasinCanada,Brazil,Germany,
Luxembourg,theNetherlands,Switzerland,theU.K.,Australia,MalaysiaandSingapore.Ithasglobal
sales.SupportisprovidedinEnglish,French,German,Italian,SpanishandMandarin.Theportaland
documentationareavailableonlyinEnglish.
Compute:CSCoffersavCloudDatacenterService,aVCEVblockbasedcloudIaaSarchitecturein
differenttenancymodelspublicmultitenantinaCSCdatacenter(CloudCompute),singletenant
computewithamultitenantbackend(BizCloudVirtualPrivateEdition[VPE]),andprivatesingletenant
inaCSCdatacenterorinthecustomer'sowndatacenter(BizCloud)andoptionalmanagedservices.It
offersbothpaidbytheVMandSRPpricing,butrequiresannualcontracts.Becausefeaturesare
introducedintoBizCloudbeforebeingrolledintoCloudCompute,thelattercontainsasubsetofBizCloud
featuresfurthermore,itlacksautorestart.WhilecustomerscanaccessvCloudDirectoriftheyprefer,
CSChasbuiltitsown,moreuserfriendlyportal.
Storage:VMindependentblockstoragecanbeSSDaccelerated.CSCdoesnotofferobjectbasedcloud
storage.
Network:CSChasthefullrangeofnetworkingoptions.
Security:RBACisperelement.ThereisnoDDoSmitigation.
Othernotes:Managedservicesareoptional.CSCalsohassignificantadditionalsoftwarecapabilities
supportingIToperationsmanagement,alongwithtriggerbasedandschedulebasedautoscaling,and
quotasandleasesforresourcemanagement.Italsooffersdatabaseasaservice(CloudDB)andHadoopas
aservice(viaitsacquisitionofInfochimps).
Recommendeduses:Cloudenableddatacentertransformationforallworkloadsthatrunwellina
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virtualizedenvironment,excludingbatchcomputing.
Strengths
Unlikemostothertraditionaldatacenteroutsourcers,CSChasfullyembracedthehighly
standardized,highlyautomatedcloudmodel,successfullyblendingthebenefitsofatruecloud
serviceintoanenterprisereadyoffering.IthasasolidplatformthatisattractivetotraditionalIT
operationsorganizationsthatstillwanttoretaincontrol,butneedtooffergreateragilitytothe
businessandarewillingtoembracedatacentertransformation.
CSChasastrongroadmapfocusedonbringingenterpriseclassIToperationsmanagement(ITOM)
tools,includingautomatedmanagedservices,tocloudIaaS.Itistryingtointegratenotjust
traditionalITOMtools,butalsoDevOpstoolsforexample,itoffersCALISAReleaseAutomation
(formerlyNolio)aspartofitsplatform.ItsNovember2013acquisitionofServiceMeshhasbrought
significantadditionalcapabilities,includingmulticloudmanagement.Itisalsobuildinginfrastructure
utilityservicesforspecificapplicationsontopoftheplatform.
CSCisoneofthefewproviderstohaveastandardizedarchitectureacrossbothpublicandprivate
cloudofferings,aswellasasingleratecardacrossalltheseofferingsalthoughthepricingisthe
same,theminimumcommitmentsvary.CSC'spricingforinfrastructureresourcesisvery
competitive.
CSChasdevelopedaportfolioofcloudrelatedprofessionalservices,includingSmartStart,aproof
ofconceptprogramintendedtohelpacustomerachievea"quickwin"inmovinganapplication
ontoIaaS,andthenmethodicallymigratingotherworkloadsovertime.Ingeneral,CSCisgenerous
aboutofferingtrialstoprospectivecustomers.
Cautions
SinceacquiringServiceMesh,CSChasreduceditsfocusondevelopingitsowncloudIaaSoffering,in
favorofbecomingacloudservicesbrokeragethatcancapablymanagemultipleclouds,including
AWSandMicrosoftAzure.CSCnowleadssaleswithServiceMesh'sAgilityPlatformcapabilities,and
thenhelpsthecustomerchoosetheappropriateIaaSoffering,whichmightormightnotbeCSC's
own.ThismayimpactCSC'swillingnesstoinvestinitsowncloudIaaSplatform.
CloudcomputingisdrivingaradicalreinventionofthewayinwhichCSCdeliversservices,including
significantlybroadeningtherangeofcompaniesthatCSCtargetswithitsofferings.Thecloud
divisionisrunasitsownbusinessunit,whichgivesitgreateragilitybutalsosometimesbringsit
intoconflictwithitsslowermovingandmoreconservativeparentcompany.Atpresent,however,
CSCisinvestingheavilyinitscloudbusiness.
ProspectiveCSCcustomersshouldbecarefultounderstandthedistinctionbetweenCSC's
outsourcingbusinessanditscloudofferingsinparticular,theyshouldbesuretounderstandwhatis
andisn'twithinthescopeofaparticulartierofmanagedservices.ExistingCSCoutsourcing
customersreportchallengesingettingCSCtoengageincloudopportunities.
CSC'sfocushasbeenonenablingtraditionalIToperationsorganizationstomakethetransitionto
cloudinfrastructure,andthisremainstrueasitexpandstomanagingmultiplecloudIaaSofferings.
CSCistryingtoincreaseitstractionwithdeveloperaudiences,butwillfindthischallenging,given
thepositioningofthebroaderCSCbrand.
DimensionData
DimensionData,anNTTGroupcompany,isalargeSIandvalueaddedreseller.ItenteredthecloudIaaS
marketbyacquiringOpSourcein2011.
Locations:DimensionDatahasdatacentersontheEastandWestCoastsoftheU.S.,plustheU.K.,
Netherlands,Australia,HongKong,Japan,BrazilandSouthAfrica.Locallanguagesalesandsupportis
providedin51countries,withcloudspecializedsupportprovidedfromitsregionalservicecenters.The
portalisavailableonlyinEnglish.DocumentationisavailableinEnglishandJapanese.
Compute:DimensionDataofferspaidbytheVMpublicandprivatecloudIaaS.TheformerisVMware
virtualizedthelattercanbeHyperVorVMwarevirtualized.Provisioningisnonsimultaneous.
Storage:VMindependentblockstoragehastieredperformance,includingSSDacceleratedtiers.
Network:DimensionDatahasafullrangeofnetworkingoptions.Alltrafficbetweenitsdatacentersis
WANoptimized.
Security:RBACpermissionsareacrossthewholeaccount,butcustomerscandefinetheirownroles.
Othernotes:Monitoringisnotselfservice.Therearetwotiersofoptionalmanagedservices,which
includeimprovedSLAs.
Recommendeduses:Ebusinesshosting,cloudnativeapplicationsandgeneralbusinessapplications.
Strengths
DimensionData'sManagedCloudPlatform(MCP)isasingleunifiedarchitectureacrossitspublicand
privatecloudofferingsitisoneofthefewproviderstoprovidesuchanarchitecture.Itispursuinga
federatedmodel,wherebyserviceproviderpartnersofferMCPbasedservicesviaresaleorwhite
label,butDimensionDataprovidesoneconsistent,unifiedserviceglobally.Italsoprovidessalesand
marketingenablementtoitsOneCloudAlliancemembers.
OpSourcehadalonghistoryasaSaaShoster,andDimensionDatahasretainedthesecapabilities.
Itsrichsuiteofofferingsforthatmarketincludesnotonlyinfrastructure,butalsoanondemand
billingplatform,customapplicationmanagementandhelpdesksupport.However,itspreviously
excellentSLAshavebeensignificantlyweakenedinthepastyear.
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DimensionDatahaslaunchedCloudSoftware,asetofpartnershipswithISVs.ItoffersDimension
DatatestedandlicensedsoftwarefromthoseISVs,ondemand,pricedbythehour.However,there
islittlesoftwareavailableinthismodel.
Cautions
WhileDimensionData'sofferingisVMwarevirtualized,itisnotvCloudPowered.Instead,Dimension
Dataisdoingextensivesoftwaredevelopmentofitsown,inhopesofdrivingafasterpaceof
innovationandcontrollingitscostsbetter.Althoughithasconsistentlyrolledoutincremental
improvementsinacontinuousdeliverymodel,ithasnotbeenabletokeepupwiththepaceof
innovationintheoverallmarket.Itisnowfocusingprimarilyondealsthatincludemanaged
services.
AlthoughDimensionDatahasacapablebasiccloudIaaSoffering,itneedsvalueaddedcapabilities,
whetherdeliveredthroughitsownservicesorviaanecosystemofpartners.Ithastriedto
differentiatebasedonitsnetworkmodel,butsuchcapabilitiesarenow"tablestakes."
DimensionDataisownedbyNTTGroup.WhileNTThasdeliberatelychosenDimensionDatatobeits
mostagilebusiness,withminimalinterferencefromtheparent,DimensionData'sfutureabilityto
movequicklyislikelytodependoncontinuedsupportandnoninterference.
Fujitsu
Fujitsuisalargediversifiedtechnologycompany.IthasarangeofcloudIaaSofferings,includingFujitsu
CloudIaaSTrustedPublicS5(formerlytheFujitsuGlobalCloudPlatform),multipleregionalofferings
basedonaglobalreferencearchitecture(FujitsuCloudIaaSPrivateHosted,formerlyknownasFujitsu
LocalCloudPlatform),andmultipleprivatecloudofferings.AlthoughFujitsuhasreceivedvCloud
DatacenterServiceProviderpartnerstatus,ithasnotyetlaunchedthisoffering.
Locations:S5isavailableindatacentersintheU.S.(WestCoast),Germany,theU.K.,Australia,Japan
andSingapore.Fujitsuhasglobalsales,andprovidessupportin34languagestheS5portaland
documentationareavailableinEnglish,GermanandJapanese.Theregionalofferingshavetheirown
capabilitiesandlocations,whicharedifferentfromthoseofS5.
Compute:S5isamultitenant,fixedsizeandnonresizable,paidbytheVM,Xenvirtualizedofferingitis
alsoavailableinasingletenantversion(S5Dedicated).Thereisnoautorestart.Provisioningis
nonsimultaneous.
Storage:BlockstorageispersistentandVMindependent.AlthoughS5hasstoragesnapshots,snapshots
cannotbeusedasVMimages.CustomerscannotimporttheirownVMimages.
Network:AlthoughS5supportsprivateconnectivityandprivateIPonlyVMs,itcannotusecustomer
providedIPaddresses.Itdoesnotfullysupportcomplexnetworktopologies.
Security:RBACisperelement.ThereisnoDDoSmitigation.Fujitsu'scloudIaaSofferingscannotmeet
commoncompliancerequirements.
Othernotes:Thereisnometadatataggingofassets,butuserquotasaresupported.Managedservices
areoptional.
Recommendeduses:Generalbusinessapplications,andtestanddevelopment.
Strengths
FujitsuhasalonghistoryinITservicesanddatacenteroutsourcing.Ithasalargeglobalsalesforce,
istheleaderinIToutsourcinginAsia/PacificandhasastrongEuropeanpresence.Thisgivesita
largeexistingbaseofcaptivecustomersintowhichitcansellcloudservices,andithasbeen
successfulatextendingexistingFujitsurelationshipsintoclouddeals.Ithasveryresponsivesupport
andgoodaccountmanagement.
Fujitsuisavendorwithabroadproductportfolioofhardwareandsoftware,anditisdeveloping
mostofitsowntechnologyforitscloudofferings,acrossIaaS,PaaSandSaaS.Itisusingitsexisting
technology,includingitsITOMsoftware,toacceleratethepaceofitscloudbusiness.Fujitsu's
ServerViewResourceOrchestratorCloudEditionsoftwareisusedtoprovidethevisualdesignerused
initsIaaSuserinterfaces,aswellassignificantdepthofportalfeatures.
Fujitsu'spreviousstrategyofallowingitsregionstopursuetheirowncloudstrategieshasenabled
certainregions,suchasAustralia,todevelopofferingstailoredtotheneedsoftheirlocalmarkets,at
afasterpacethanFujitsuhasbeenabletodosoasaglobalentity.Fujitsuhasbegunan"offering
standardizationprocess"intendedtobringtheregionalofferingsinlinewiththeglobalones,butit
maybeafewyearsbeforethisisaccomplished.
FujitsurollsoutS5featuresfirstinJapan,thenextendsthemtoitsotherregions.Furthermore,
FujitsuinJapanoffersadditionalcloudcapabilitiesJapanbasedorganizationsorprojectstargeted
attheJapanesemarketshouldinvestigatewhatcapabilitiesarespecificallyavailableinJapan,such
asobjectbasedstorage,databaseasaserviceandHadoopasaservice.
Cautions
Fujitsu'scloudIaaScapabilitieslagsignificantlybehindthoseofthemarketleaders,andthegapis
increasing,notnarrowing,althoughFujitsuisactivelyinvestinginnewcapabilitiesandhasbeen
highlyresponsivetocustomerrequests.Customersarelikelytobeabletomeetabroaderrangeof
needsbycombiningmultipleFujitsuofferings.ThemultitenantS5offeringissignificantlymore
expensivethancompetingofferings.
Fujitsu'spreviousstrategyofallowingregionalcontrolmeansthatdevelopmenteffortshavebeen
fragmentedacrosstheglobe.Assuch,theprivatehostedserviceofferingsmaydifferineachregion,
makingitdifficultforFujitsutocapitalizefullyonengineeringresourcesandachieveeconomiesof
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scale,althoughFujitsuhasrecentlystrengtheneditsglobalcloudstrategyandmanagement.
AlthoughFujitsucansellitsIaaSplatformonastandalonebasis,anditcanbepurchasedwithout
theneedforalongtermcontract,itismostoftencombinedwithmanagedservicesorabroader
outsourcingrelationship.FujitsuisnotfocusedonselfmanagedcloudIaaS.
GoGrid
GoGridisasmall,independentcloudIaaSfocusedprovider.
Locations:GoGrid'sdatacentersareontheEastandWestCoastsoftheU.S.,andintheNetherlands.It
haslocalsalesinitsSanFranciscoandAmsterdamoffices.TheserviceisprovidedonlyinEnglish.
Compute:GoGridoffersfixedsize,paidbytheVM,XenvirtualizedIaaSinbothmultitenantandsingle
tenantvariants.RAMisresizable,butCPUisnot.
Storage:CustomerscannotimporttheirownVMimages.Objectbasedcloudstorageisintegratedwitha
CDN(viaapartnershipwithEdgeCast).
Network:CustomerscannotbringtheirownIPaddresses.Thereisnobackendloadbalancing.
Security:ThereisnoMFA.Changestonetworkperimetersecurityconfigurationsarenotlogged.
Othernotes:RBACpermissionsarewholeaccount.Thereisnometadatataggingofassets.Managed
servicesareoptional.
Recommendeduses:Cloudnativeapplicationsandebusinesshosting,withanemphasisonbigdata.
Strengths
GoGridhasrepositioneditselfasaproviderof"opendataservices."Its"1ButtonDeploy"enables
quickprovisioningofcomplexdeploymentsofHadoopandNoSQLtechnologies.GoGridisengagingin
activepartnershipswithrelevantsoftwarevendors,buildingvalidatedarchitectureswithpartners
suchasCloudera,DataStax,HortonworksandMongoDB.Itisfocusingitsinfrastructureoptionson
thosesuitableforrunningbigdataworkloads,includingVMswithlargeamountsofRAMandhigh
I/Operformance.
GoGridhasbroadandaggressiveSLAsthatinclude100%availabilityandcovercompute,storage
andnetworkingelements.Itisoneofthefewprovidersthathasastandardarchitectureacrossits
publicandprivatecloudofferings.
TheGoGridExchangeenablessoftwarevendorstolicenseandpackagetheirsoftwaretorunon
GoGrid,easingdeploymentandeliminatingsomeoftheheadachesassociatedwithlicensing
softwaretoruninthecloud.Ithasauniquemultipartnercompensationmodelthatenables
partnerstobuildontopofeachother'ssoftwarestacks.
Cautions
GoGrid'sfeaturesetislimited,comparedwiththecurrentstateofthemarket.GoGrid'ssoftwareis
developedentirelyinhouse,whichhascreatedsignificantlongtermchallengesintermsofitsability
tocompeteagainstprovidersthatcandevotesignificantresourcestoresearchanddevelopment,
butitsshifttofocusonbigdatasolutionsshouldallowittotargetengineeringinvestmentswhere
theywillbemosteffective.
GoGridhasitsownAPI,whichissupportedbyalimitednumberofthirdpartytools.GoGridis
pursuingastrategyofbroaderinteroperability,anditsfuturesuccesswilldependonensuringthat
thecompanycanpartakeinoneormoreoftheemergingplatformecosystems.
Google
GoogleisanInternetcentricprovideroftechnologyandservices.GoogleCloudPlatformcombinesan
IaaSoffering(GoogleComputeEngine[GCE]),anapplicationPaaSoffering(GoogleAppEngine)anda
rangeofcomplementaryservices.GooglehasbeenoperatingAppEnginesince2008,butdidnotenter
theIaaSmarketuntilthegeneralavailabilitylaunchofGCEinDecember2013.
Locations:GooglegroupsitsGCEdatacentersinto"regions,"eachofwhichcontainsatleasttwo
availabilityzones.ThereisacentralU.S.region,aEuropeanregion(locatedinBelgium),andanAsia
region(locatedinTaiwan).Ithasglobalsales.SupportisavailableinEnglishandJapanese.Theportalis
availableinEnglish,Spanish,Portuguese,JapaneseandMandarin.Documentationisavailableinthose
languages,plusFrench,German,Russian,CantoneseandKorean.
Compute:GCEoffersmultitenant,fixedsizeandnonresizable,KVMvirtualizedVMs,meteredbythe
minute.Provisioningisexceptionallyfast(typicallyunder1minute).
Storage:VMstorageispersistent,andthereisalsoVMindependentblockstorage.Allblockstorageis
encrypted.
Network:Thirdpartyprivateconnectivityisnotsupported.CustomerscannotbringtheirownprivateIP
addresses(althoughthisneedmaypossiblybeaddressedbyGCE'sAdvancedRoutingfeatures).Thereis
nobackendloadbalancing.
Security:RBACpermissionsapplytothewholeaccount.
Othernotes:Enterprisegradesupportisextra.TheSLAismultifaultdomain,andexcludes
maintenanceinEurope(whereTransparentMaintenanceisnotavailableyet).Googlecannotaddressthe
needforcolocatedequipment.Autoscalingcapabilities(ReplicaPools)areinpreview(beta).
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Recommendeduses:Cloudnativeapplicationsandbatchcomputing,aswellasprojectsleveraging
GoogleCloudPlatformasawhole.
Strengths
Google'sstrategyforGoogleCloudPlatformcentersontheconceptofallowingotherorganizationsto
"runlikeGoogle"bytakingGoogle'shighlyinnovativeinternaltechnologycapabilitiesandexposing
themasservicesthatothercompaniescanpurchase.Consequently,althoughGoogleisalate
entranttotheIaaSmarket,itisprimarilyproductizingexistingcapabilities,ratherthanhavingto
engineerthosecapabilitiesfromscratch.Itwillthereforebeabletoadvanceitsofferingmorerapidly
thanmostcompetitors.
Googlehasacomprehensivevisionfor,andextensiveexperiencewith,howcloudnative
applicationsaredevelopedandmanagedthroughthelifecycle.Ithasafluidnotionofthe
boundariesbetweenIaaSandPaaSthatwill,overtime,enablecustomerstochoosetheirtradeoffs
betweencontrolandautomatedmanagement.
Google,asanoverallcorporateentity,hasaverybroadglobaldatacenterfootprint,anenormous
amountofexistinginfrastructurecapacity,anditsownhighcapacityglobalnetwork.Itisextremely
efficientatoperations.GCErepresentslittleincrementalcosttoGoogle,whichmeansitcanprice
aggressivelyandemphasizethevalueofhighperformanceforthemoney.Overtime,though,
Googlewilldifferentiateitselfwithplatformandmanageabilityfeatures,notprices.
Cautions
GCEisbrandnewandconsequentlylacksanoperationaltrackrecord,thoughithassufferedseveral
smalloperationalglitchessinceitenteredgeneralavailability.Itsfeaturesetisnascent.However,
Google'sroadmapisinnovativeandaggressive,anditisrapidlyintroducingnewcapabilities.Its
shorttermfocusisonbetterenablingnewcloudnativeapplications,withlessattentionbeingpaid
tocapabilitiesneededforotherworkloads.Ithasnohybridcloudstrategy.
AlthoughGooglehassignificantappealtotechnologycentricbusinesses,itisstilllearningtoengage
withenterpriseandmidmarketcustomers,andneedstoexpanditssales,solutionsengineeringand
supportcapabilities.Furthermore,Googleneedstoearnthetrustofbusinesses.Googlealsolacks
manycapabilitiesimportanttobusinessesthatwanttomigratelegacyworkloadstothecloud.
GoogleneedstobuildanecosystemaroundGCE(and,morebroadly,GoogleCloudPlatform),andits
partnerprogramisnascent.However,Googleisperceivedasalikelyfuturemarketleader,andcloud
managementtoolvendorsandothersoftwarecompanies,alongwithsystemintegrators,arerapidly
addingsupportforGCE.
HP
HPisalargediversifiedtechnologycompanywitharangeofcloudrelatedproductsandservices.Itsonly
truecloudIaaSofferingistheHPPublicCloud,althoughithassomecloudenabledinfrastructure
services,suchastheHPHelionManagedVirtualPrivateCloud(formerlyHPEnterpriseCloudServices).It
alsohasaCloudFoundrybasedPaaSinprivatebeta.
Location:HP'sPublicClouddatacentersareintheeasternandwesternU.S.Althoughithasglobalsales,
theserviceisofferedinEnglishonly.
Compute:HPPublicCloudisamultitenant,fixedsizeandnonresizable,KVMvirtualized,OpenStack
basedoffering.
Storage:VMstorageisephemeral.Thereisanoptionforpersistent,VMindependentblockstorage.
ThereisobjectbasedstoragewithanintegratedCDN(viaapartnershipwithAkamai).
Network:Theloadbalancingserviceiscurrentlyinprivatebeta.
Security:RBACpermissionsaregroupbased.Commoncompliancerequirementscannotbesupported.
Auditlogsfornoncomputeelementsareavailableonlyviaasupportrequest.ThereisnoMFA.
Othernotes:TheSLAismultifaultdomain,butdoesnothaveanyexclusionformaintenance.The
monitoringserviceisinprivatebeta.
Recommendeduses:DevelopmentenvironmentsforexistingHPcustomers,orthosewhospecifically
wanttoexploreanOpenStackbasedcloudoffering.
Strengths
HPhasanambitiousandcomprehensivevisionofinteroperablepublicandprivatecloud
infrastructure,integratingHP'shardwarecapabilities,ITOMtools,outsourcingcapabilitiesand
partnerecosystem.
HPhasalargeglobalsalesforceandmarketingbudget,andhasbeenwillingtoofferextraordinary
discountstoprospectivecustomersinordertobringthemontoitsservice.However,HPPublicCloud
hasdatacentersonlyintheU.S.,whichlimitsitsattractivenesstoglobalcustomers,andsuch
discountsmaynotbesustainable.
Cautions
AlthoughHPhasinvestedsignificantengineeringresourcesintoitsPublicCloudoveramultiyear
period,theservice,whichenteredgeneralavailabilityinDecember2012,stillhasanascentfeature
set,andimportantcapabilitiesremaininalengthybetaperiod.HPisfocusedonhybridcloud,
includingprivatecloudenablementandcloudenabledmanagedservices,anditscloudIaaSbusiness
issimplyacomponentofthatoverallstrategy,notabusinessthatHPisaggressivelypursuingona
standalonebasis.
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AlthoughHP'spubliccloudofferingisbasedonOpenStack,asisHPCloudOS(theplatformforHP
ConvergedCloudandpartoftheHPCloudSystemCMP),thereislimitedinteroperabilitybetweenthe
PublicCloudandprivatecloudsbasedonHPCloudSystem.HPPublicCloud'sinabilitytoexportVM
imagesonaselfservicebasismeansthatcustomerscannotdirectlytransferworkloadsfromthis
servicetotheirprivatecloud,eveniftheirprivatecloudisbasedonOpenStack.
IBM(SoftLayer)
IBMisalargediversifiedtechnologycompanywitharangeofcloudrelatedproductsandservices.InJuly
2013,itacquiredSoftLayer,anindependentWebhosterwithafocusonSMBs,andinJanuary2014,
shutdownitsownSmartCloudEnterprisecloudIaaSoffering,aftermigratingitsexistingcustomersto
SoftLayer.IBM'srelatednonIaaSportfolioincludesIBMCloudManagedServices(cloudenabledmanaged
services,formerlycalledSmartCloudEnterprise+),aswellasCodename:BlueMix(aCloudFoundrybased
PaaS,currentlyinbeta).
Locations:SoftLayerhasmultipledatacentersintheU.S.,alongwithdatacentersintheNetherlands
andSingapore.Ithasglobalsales.ItofferssupportinEnglish,Dutch,German,andSpanish.Theportal
anddocumentationareavailableinEnglishonly.
Compute:SoftLayer'scloudIaaSofferingwasformerlyknownasCloudLayer,butSoftLayerhasstopped
distinguishingthisofferingfromitsdedicatedhostingoptions.SoftLayer'sIaaSispaidbytheVM,Citrix
Xenvirtualized,andavailableasasingletenantormultitenantoffering.Thereisanoptionforsingle
tenantVMswithinSoftLayer'smultitenantpubliccloud.Thereisalsoanoptionfor"baremetal"
(nonvirtualized)servers,bythehour.
Storage:StorageispersistentandVMindependentblockstorageisavailable.ThereisOpenStackobject
basedstoragewithanintegratedCDN(viaapartnershipwithInternap).
Network:SoftLayersupportsafullrangeofnetworkingoptions.
Security:SoftLayersupportsonlygrouping,notfullmetadatatagging,andRBACpermissionsareper
group.
Othernotes:SoftLayerhasanextensivededicatedserverbusiness,althoughthesebaremetalcustom
configurationsrequiremonthlycommitments.ManagedservicesareavailablethroughIBM.Thereisno
supportforcolocation.
Recommendeduses:Ebusinesshosting,generalbusinessapplications,largescaleusecasessuchas
gamingwherebaremetalisdesirable,andinfrastructureforIBMoutsourcingdeals.
Strengths
IBM'scloudvisionencompassespublicandprivatecloudsatboththesystemandapplication
infrastructurelevels.IBM'sportfolioofproductsandserviceshasIaaS,PaaSandSaaSelements,
alongwithhardware,ITOMsoftware,middlewareanddatabasesoftware,andcomprehensive
consultingandoutsourcingcapabilities.SoftLayerwillbethecommonhostingplatformforIBM's
servicesinthefuture.
IBMhasastrongvisionforhowtheshifttocloudwillradicallytransformitsbusinessovertime,
includingalteringitsgotomarketstrategy,withanincreasingfocusononlinesignupandself
service.SoftLayerisoneofitsfirstforaysintoselfserviceandservingSMBcustomers.IBMhasa
strongbrandandexistingcustomerrelationshipsacrosstheglobe,anditsbaseofstrategic
outsourcingcustomerswillhelpdriveacloudenableddatacenteroutsourcingbusinessontopof
SoftLayer.
IBMintendstomakelocalpresenceoneofitscompetitivedifferentiators,takingadvantageof
SoftLayer'srelativelysmallscale"pod"architecturetoexpandtheservicefromthreecountriesto
15,overthecourseof2014.However,inthenearfuture,IBMwillcontinuetobeahostingscale
provider,whichmaymakeitdifficultforittomatchthecosteconomicsofthehyperscalemarket
leaders.
SoftLayerhasaparticularlycleanservicecomposition,witharangeofoptionsthatcanbeaddedon
aperinstance,paidbythehourbasis,includingaspectssuchasthetypeofmonitoringandthe
automatedresponsetoafailuredetectedbymonitoring.InstancescanbeVMsordedicatedservers,
andSoftLayeremphasizesthatbaremetalphysicalserverscanbemanagedwiththesame
elasticityasVMs,andthatsingletenantandmultitenantinfrastructurecanbeseamlesslymixed
withinthesamesolution.
Cautions
AlthoughIBMhassetoutabroadvisionforcloudservices,itlacksintegratedIaaSandPaaS
capabilitiesIBM'sPaaS(Codename:BlueMix)issimplyhostedonSoftLayer.Ithasnotarticulateda
visionforhowSoftLayeritselfwillbedifferentiated,beyondtheavailabilityofbaremetalserversand
futureincountrypresence.Webelieveitismorelikelythatcustomerswhopursuestrategic
adoptionofIBMcloudserviceswilldosoforthemanagedservicesandotherhigherlevelcapabilities,
thanforthecoreSoftLayercapabilities.
SoftLayerhashistoricallybeenstronglyfocusedonselfserviceforSMBcustomers.Theacquisition
byIBMhasbroughtenterprisesalescapabilities,includingchannelcapabilities,totheSoftLayer
business,aswellasthehigherlevelIBMmanagedservices.However,customersreportthat
SoftLayerservicesstillfeellikeasmallbusinessexperience,notanenterpriseexperience,
particularlywithregardtotheportal,salesandsupport.Werecommendthatcustomersengage
withSoftLayerthroughanIBMsaleschannel,ratherthanthroughSoftLayer'sowndirectsales
mechanisms.
IBMis"cloudwashing"SoftLayer'sdedicatedserverbusiness,applyinga"cloudIaaS"labeltowhatis
actuallysimplydedicatedhosting.WhileSoftLayerhassignificantautomation,aswellasa
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customeraccessibleAPI,forthisportionofitsbusiness,customersshouldbesuretounderstandthe
technicalandbusinessdifferencesbetweenSoftLayer'sdedicatedhosting(customizedbaremetal
serversbythemonth)andcloudIaaS(fullyautomated,bythehourcomputeintheformofVMsor
baremetal).
AlthoughIBMhasanOpenStackbasedstrategyforitsprivatecloudbusiness,SoftLayer'scompute
infrastructureisnotOpenStackbased.CustomerswhowantOpenStackorotherCMPsonSoftLayer
mustobtainthemascustom,hosted,managedservices.SoftLayerhasaproprietaryAPIthathas
notyetgainedwidespreadthirdpartytoolsupport,althoughIBMisworkingtobuildthenecessary
ecosystem,andhasalsobegunaprojectcalledJumpgate,toprovideanOpenStacktoSoftLayerAPI
translationgateway.
Joyent
Joyentisasmall,independentserviceproviderthatfocusessolelyoncloudservicesandsoftware.
Joyentdidnotrespondtorequestsforsupplementalinformationortoreviewthedraftcontentsofthis
document.Gartner'sanalysisisthereforebasedonJoyent'spreviousyearresponses,publicinformation,
useofJoyent'sservice,anddiscussionswithJoyent'sexistingandprospectivecustomers.
Locations:JoyenthasdatacentersintheeasternandwesternU.S.,alongwithadatacenterinthe
Netherlands.IthaslocalsalesintheU.S.andU.K.SupportisprovidedinEnglishandSpanish.Theportal
anddocumentationareinEnglishonly.
Compute:Joyentoffersfixedsize,paidbytheVMpubliccloudIaaS(SmartMachines),andprivatecloud
servicesinavarietyofpricingmodels.ThehostOSisJoyent'sownSmartOS,anopensourcederivativeof
OpenSolaris,managedbytheillumoscommunity.CustomershaveachoicebetweenOSvirtualizationin
aSmartOSContainerandKVMvirtualizationonaSmartOSContainerforLinuxandWindowsguests.
Storage:VMstorageispersistent,butthereisnoVMindependentblockstorage.ThereisanSSDoption.
Joyent'sS3compatibleobjectbasedcloudstorage(Manta)hasauniquearchitecturedesignedforbatch
jobsthatrequirehighperformanceaccesstolargeamountsofstorage,withaninplacebatchcompute
serviceseparatefromJoyent'smaincomputeservice.
Network:Joyenthasafullrangeofnetworkingoptions.
Security:Joyenthasasingleaccountmodel,althoughanaccountcanhavemultipleAPIkeys.ItsRBAC
iswholeaccount.
Othernotes:Enterprisegradesupportisextra.Joyent'sContentDeliveryCloud,whichutilizesRiverbed
StingrayTrafficManager,offersfunctionalityakintoaprivateCDN.
Recommendeduses:Cloudnativeapplicationsandecommercesiteswherevisibilityintoapplication
performanceiscrucialbatchcomputingonlargedatasets.
Strengths
JoyenthasauniquevisionforcloudIaaSandisexceptionallyinnovativefromatechnology
perspective.Itisdevelopinganintegratedtechnologystackanditsinfrastructureofferingsvergeon
theplatformspace.Itismakingdeepinvestmentsinfundamentaltechnologies,includingitsown
SmartOSoperatingsystem,basedonillumosSolarisanditsx86hypervisor.Joyent'sclouduses
SmartOSContainers(originallyknownasSolarisZones).KVMrunsnativelywithinacontainer,thus
providingadditionalsecurity,resourcecontrolandresourcevisibilitywithinthevirtualizationlayer.
Joyenthasapurefocusonnew,cloudnativeapplications,includingmobileapplications,aswellas,
withitsnewlylaunchedMantaservice,bigdataapplicationsandmassivelyparalleldataanalytics.
JoyentisthesponsorofNode.js.ItofferscommercialsupportforNode.js,aswellasproprietarytools
focusedonNode.jsoperationswithinitsplatform.
Joyentplacesstrongemphasisonapplicationperformanceandtakesaholisticapproachtoits
delivery,includingintegratingnetworkbasedacceleration.Ithasparticularlydeepportalbased
performanceanalytics,whichusetheDTraceframeworkforapplicationinstrumentation.Ithasan
excellentcostperformanceratio.
Joyentintendstoderiveitsfuturerevenuebyofferingcloudservicesdirectlyandsellingits
SmartDataCenterCMPsoftware(includingviaOEMpartnerssuchasDell),whichisfullycompatible
withitsownpubliccloudIaaSoffering.IthaslaunchedtheGlobalCloudNetwork,acloudfederation
alliancefocusedonmobilecarriersitsstrategiccarrierpartnersincludeTelefonicaandBhartiAirtel.
Cautions
Joyentfocusesondevelopingitsowntechnology,andhasatrackrecordofreleasinginnovative
capabilities.However,itfacesalongtermchallengetocompeteagainstproviderswithgreater
developmentresources.Thatsaid,ithaschosentofocusitseffortsonparticularareas,leaving
certaincapabilities,notablyenterprisemanagementfeatures,topartnerssuchasDell(viaits
acquisitionofEnstratius).
Joyent'sfeaturesetisstronglyorientedtowardcloudnativeusecases,anditishighlydeveloper
centric.ItemphasizesAPIcapabilitiesandtheenablementofthirdpartytools,ratherthanportal
capabilitiesofitsown.
TheuniquenatureofJoyent'sofferingmakesitcrucialforthecompanytodevelopanecosystem
arounditsplatformitmustattractISVsandthirdpartytoolvendors,alongwithMSPsandSIsthat
canprovidemanagedandprofessionalservices.Joyenthasbeguntobuildthisecosystem,focused
oncloudnativevendors,butitisnotyetmature.
Microsoft
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Microsoftisalargeanddiversifiedtechnologyvendorthatisincreasinglyfocusedondeliveringitssoftware
capabilitiesviacloudservices.ItsAzurebusinesswaspreviouslystrictlyPaaS,butMicrosoftlaunched
AzureInfrastructureServices(whichincludeAzureVirtualMachinesandAzureVirtualNetwork)into
generalavailabilityinApril2013,thusenteringthecloudIaaSmarket.
Locations:AzureInfrastructureServicesareavailableinmultipledatacentersintheU.S.,aswellasin
Ireland,theNetherlands,HongKong,Japan,Singapore,Chinaand(inpreview)Brazil.Microsofthasglobal
sales,andAzuresupportisprovidedduringlocalbusinesshoursinEnglish,French,German,Italian,
Spanish,Japanese,Korean,MandarinandPortuguese24/7supportisprovidedinEnglishandJapanese
only.Theportalanddocumentationareavailableinthoselanguages,aswellasRussian.
Compute:AzureVMsarefixedsize,paidbytheVM,andHyperVvirtualizedtheyaremeteredbythe
minute.
Storage:Blockstorage("virtualharddisk")ispersistentandVMindependent.Objectbasedcloud
storageisintegratedwithaCDN.
Network:Thereisnosupportforcomplexnetworktopologies.Thirdpartyconnectivityisviapartner
exchange(AzureExpressRoute).
Security:Virtualnetworktopologylimitationspreventusefuldeploymentofmostsecurityrelatedvirtual
appliances,suchasaperimeterintrusiondetection/preventionsystem(IDS/IPS).RBACusesAzureActive
Directory,butpermissionsarewholeaccount.
Othernotes:Enterprisegradesupportcostsextra.TheSLAismultifaultdomain,butdoesnothave
anyexclusionformaintenance.Additionalsignificantcapabilitiesincludeorchestration(Azure
Automation),scheduling,autoscalingandHadoopasaservice(HDInsight).Microsoftdoesnotoffer
colocationapartnerexchangemustbeusedinstead.Weprovideadetailedtechnicalevaluationin
"MicrosoftWindowsAzureInfrastructureServices:InDepthAssessment."
Recommendeduses:GeneralbusinessapplicationsanddevelopmentenvironmentsforMicrosoft
centricorganizationscloudnativeapplicationsuseaspartofanoverallMicrosoftAzuresolution.
Strengths
Microsofthasavisionofinfrastructureandplatformservicesthatarenotonlyleadingstandalone
offerings,butthatalsoseamlesslyextendandinteroperatewithonpremisesMicrosoft
infrastructure(rootedinHyperV,WindowsServer,ActiveDirectoryandSystemCenter)and
applications,aswellasMicrosoft'sSaaSofferings.Itsvisionisglobal,anditisaggressivelyexpanding
intomultipleinternationalmarkets.
Microsoft'sbrand,existingcustomerrelationships,historyofrunningglobalclassconsumerInternet
properties,deepinvestmentsinengineering,andaggressiveroadmaphaveenableditrapidlyto
attainthestatusofstrategiccloudIaaSprovider.ItissecondintermsofcloudIaaSmarketshare
albeitadistantsecondbutfaraheadofitssmallercompetitors.Microsofthaspledgedtomaintain
AWScomparablepricingforthegeneralpublic,andMicrosoftcustomerswhosignacontractcan
receivetheirenterprisediscountontheservice,makingithighlycostcompetitive.Microsoftisalso
extendingspecialpricingtoMicrosoftDeveloperNetwork(MSDN)subscribers.
ThebroaderMicrosoftAzureserviceisafullfeaturedPaaSofferingwithsignificantcomplementary
capabilitiestheVirtualMachinesareintegratedintotheoveralloffering.TheIaaSandPaaS
componentswithinMicrosoftAzurefeelandoperatelikepartofaunifiedwhole,andMicrosoftis
makinganefforttointegratethemwithVisualStudio,TeamFoundationServer,ActiveDirectory,
SystemCenterandPowerShell.Conversely,WindowsAzurePackoffersanAzurelikeuser
experienceforonpremisesinfrastructure.Microsofthasbuiltanattractive,modern,easytouseUI
thatwillappealtoWindowsadministratorsanddevelopers.TheintegrationwithexistingMicrosoft
toolsisparticularlyattractivetocustomerswhowanthybridcloudsolutions.
Cautions
AzureInfrastructureServicesarerelativelynew.AlthoughMicrosoftrolledoutanarrayofnew
featuresthroughout2013,andcontinuesrapidlytoreleaseboth"catchup"capabilitiesandfresh
innovations,manyenterpriseswillstillfindsignificantcapabilitygaps,especiallyinnetworkingand
security.Manyfeaturesarein"preview"(beta)or"comingsoon,"anditisnotalwaysobviousto
customerswhichfeaturesarestillinpreview.CustomerswhointendtoadoptAzurestrategically
andmigrateapplicationsoveraperiodoftwoyearsormore(finishingin2016orlater)canbeginto
deploysomeworkloadsnow,butthosewithabroadrangeofimmediateenterpriseneedsarelikely
toencounterchallenges.
Microsoftisinthemidstofamultiyearinitiativetomakeitsonpremisessoftware"cloudfirst,"
ratherthantryingtoscalesoftwareoriginallybuiltforonpremisessingleenterpriseuse.Itnow
facesthechallengesofgettingitscoreinfrastructuretechnologytooperateatcloudscale,managing
thatinfrastructureatcloudscale,andfacilitatingtheabilityofcustomerstomovetowardmore
highlyautomatedinfrastructure.
MicrosofthasjustbeguntobuildanecosystemofpartnersaroundAzureInfrastructureServices,
anditdoesnotyethaveasoftwarelicensingmarketplace.Furthermore,ithaslittleinthewayof
enterpriseLinuxoptions.Consequently,theofferingiscurrentlyveryMicrosoftcentricandappeals
primarilyto.NETdevelopers,althoughcustomersdorunheterogeneousenvironmentsinAzure.
Rackspace
RackspaceisanindependentWebhosterwithalongtrackrecordofleadershipinthemanagedhosting
market.ItisoneofthefoundersofOpenStack.ItsRackspacePrivateCloudbusinessprovidestraditional
commercialopensourcesupportandprofessionalservicesaroundit.InadditiontoitspubliccloudIaaS
offerings,RackspacecansupportcustomOpenStackbasedprivatecloudsinitsowndatacentersorin
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customerdatacenters.Italsoownsnumerousrelatedbusinessessome,suchasSaaSemail,arepartof
Rackspaceitself,whileothers,suchasJungleDisk,aresubsidiaries.
Locations:RackspacePublicCloudislocatedindatacentersinthecentralandeasternU.S.,theU.K.,
AustraliaandHongKong.However,accountsareregionspecificEuropeisaseparateregionfromthe
restoftheworld.RackspacehassalesintheU.S.,alongwiththeU.K.,theNetherlands,Switzerland,
HongKongandAustralia.SupportisprovidedinEnglishonly.Theportalanddocumentationareavailable
inEnglishandSpanish.
Compute:RackspacePublicCloudisamultitenant,fixedsize,CitrixXenvirtualized,OpenStackbased
publiccloudIaaSoffering.Itlacksautorestart.
Storage:VMstorageispersistent,butthereisalsooptionalpersistentVMindependentblockstorage.
ThereisanoptionforSSDs.Thereisobjectbasedstorage(CloudFiles)withanintegratedCDN(viaa
partnershipwithAkamai).
Network:Thereisnoselfservicenetworksecurity.PrivateconnectivityrequiresuseoftheRackConnect
service.
Security:RBACpermissionsarewholeaccount.ThereisnoMFA.Therearenoauditlogs.Thereisno
supportformostcommoncompliancerequirementswithouttheuseofhybridhosting.
Othernotes:Indepthsupportrequiresmanagedservices,whichareoptional.Additionalcapabilities
includeautoscalinganddatabaseasaserviceofferings(MySQL,MongoDBandRedis).Weprovidea
detailedtechnicalevaluationin"RackspacePublicCloud:InDepthAssessment."
Recommendeduses:CloudIaaSaspartofahybridhostingsolutionwithDevOpsorientedmanaged
serviceshybridhostingwherecloudIaaSissupplementarytoaprimarilydedicatedinfrastructure
developmentenvironmentswheresimplicityandeaseofusearecrucial.
Strengths
Rackspacehasacoherentvisionofcloudenabledmanagedservicesthatutilizeautomationanda
DevOpsphilosophy,andthatblendbaremetalandvirtualizedenvironments.Althoughitsellsself
managedcloudIaaS,Rackspacedoesnotfocusoncustomerswhowanttoexclusivelyselfmanage.
Rackspacehasalargebaseofexistingmanagedhostingcustomerstowhichitcansellcloud
services.ItshightouchFanaticalSupportapproachisattractivetocustomerswhowantthe
flexibilityofaselfmanagedofferingbutwhomaynotwanttododaytodaymanagement
themselves.Rackspaceisincreasinglyfocusedonsellingsolutions,notjustinfrastructure.
RackspacehasbeeninstrumentalinevangelizingOpenStackasakeyfutureinfrastructure
ecosystem(competingagainstAmazon,MicrosoftandVMware).Its"opencloud"messageresonates
withbuyers.However,itsPublicCloudhaslimitedinteroperabilitywithotherOpenStackbased
clouds,andcustomersmaynotbeabletotransferimagesfromotherOpenStackbasedclouds
withoutmodification.AlthoughitscloudIaaSofferingsarecurrentlyOpenStackbased,Rackspaceis
introducingmoreVMwarebasedofferingstoitsportfolio,inresponsetocustomerdemand.
Cautions
RackspacePublicCloudisadevelopercentricoffering,andhasappealedprimarilytosmall
businessesseekingareplacementforlowcostmassmarkethosting.AlthoughRackspacenow
deliversasolidsetofbasicfeatures,ithasnotbeenabletokeepupwiththepaceofinnovationof
themarketleaders,normaintainacompetitiveprice.Rackspaceisrefocusingitsbusinessupon
customersthatneedexpertmanagedservicesformissioncriticalneeds,ratherthantryingto
competedirectlyforselfmanagedcloudIaaSagainsthyperscaleprovidersthatcanrapidlydeliver
innovativecapabilitiesatverylowcost,oragainstestablishedITvendorsthathavemuchgreater
resourcesandglobalsalesreach.
Rackspaceisfocusedonahybridcloudstrategy,forcustomerswhowantmanagedcloud
infrastructurebothintheirinternaldatacentersandinRackspacedatacenters.Increasingly,itwill
competeagainstlargeIToutsourcersthataremovingdownmarketwithlighterweightmanaged
servicesofferingsthatusethecustomer'schoiceofabestinclasscloudIaaSofferingandare
facilitatedbyinexpensive,offshorelabor.
Rackspacehasmademanycloudrelatedacquisitions,inordertoenhanceitscloudcapabilitiesand
rapidlyexpandthenumberofdevelopersitemploys.However,Rackspacehasnotintegratedthese
acquisitionsintoacohesivewhole.Manyoftheseacquisitionsactuallycanmanageoroperatewith
multiplecloudIaaSproviders.WhilethispotentiallypositionsRackspaceforfuturemulticloud
management,andenablesittotakeadvantageofthegrowthofcompetitors,itdoesnotcreatea
compellingvaluepropositionforusingRackspace'sowncloudIaaSofferings.
VerizonTerremark
VerizonTerremarkencompassesVerizon'sdatacenter,cloudandsecuritybusinesses.ItsEnterpriseCloud
brandencompassesmultipleVMwarevirtualizedofferings:thestandardEnterpriseCloud(publiccloud
fromtheoriginalTerremark)anditsPrivateEdition(publiccloudwithsingletenantcompute)andPublic
SectorEdition(U.S.federalgovernmentcommunitycloud)variants,alongwiththreeotherplatforms,
namelyEnterpriseCloudManagedEdition([ECME],formerlytheVerizonComputingasaServicepublic
cloudoffering),vCloudExpress(paidbytheVMpubliccloud,whichisbeingretired)andthenewVerizon
Cloud(inbeta).
Locations:EnterpriseCloudisavailableinmultipledatacentersintheU.S.,aswellastheNetherlands
andBrazilsupport,theportalanddocumentationareprovidedinEnglish,DutchandPortuguese.ECME
isavailableinEastandWestCoastdatacentersintheU.S.,alongwiththeU.K.,theNetherlandsand
HongKongtheserviceisprovidedinEnglishonly.VerizonTerremarkhasglobalsales.
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Compute:TheEnterpriseCloudisavailableinbothsingletenantandmultitenantvariants,including
singletenantcomputewithamultitenantbackend.ItisVMwarevirtualized.BothpaidbytheVMand
SRPbillingmodelsareavailable.Baremetalservers,ondailymetering,areavailableinECME.ECMElacks
autorestartcapability.Provisioningisnonsimultaneous.
Storage:EnterpriseCloudstorageispersistentandVMindependent.Althoughstoragesnapshotsare
supported,theycannotbeusedasVMimages(butVMimagescanbecopieddirectlyintotheimage
catalog).ECMElacksimagecustomizationcapabilities,andcustomerscannotimporttheirownimages.
Objectbasedcloudstorageisinbeta.
Network:Thereisnobackendloadbalancing.ECMEdoesnotfullysupportcomplexnetworktopologies
andcannotusecustomerprovidedIPaddressesadditionally,VMscannothaveonlyprivateIPaddresses.
Security:EnterpriseCloudRBACpermissionsarepergroup.ECMEhasneitherRBACnorMFA.Thereis
noDDoSmitigation.OnlyEnterpriseCloudsupportsmostcommoncompliancerequirements.
Othernotes:Themonitoringserviceonlycollectsmetrics.Managedservicesarenormallybundledwith
ECME,butarenototherwiseanoption.
Recommendeduses:Developmentenvironmentsandgeneralbusinessapplications.
Strengths
VerizonTerremark,viaitsstandardEnterpriseCloudservice,hasthelongesttrackrecordinthe
marketforVMwarevirtualizedenterpriseclasspubliccloudIaaS.Itcanaddresshybridhostinguse
casesviaECME,whichbundlesinmanagedservicesbuthasfewerselfservicecapabilities.However,
VerizonTerremark'scompetitivedifferentiatorshaveerodedovertimeascompetitorshavecaught
upand,insomecases,surpasseditinfeaturedevelopment.
VerizonTerremarkintroducedthebetaofanextgeneration,unifiedplatform,calledVerizonCloud,
inlate2013.Thisnewplatformwillenableittoaddressamuchbroaderrangeofusecases,and
consolidatesitsdevelopmenteffortsontoasinglehypervisorneutralplatform.However,although
theVerizonCloudhasaninnovativearchitecture,itneedstodelivermorethanacapablecloudIaaS
platformandassociatednetworkservicesinordertorealizeitscloudambitions.
VerizonTerremarkhasbeguntobuildanecosystemaroundVerizonCloud,primarilywithISVsand
hardwarevendorswhosetechnologycanbedeliveredasavirtualappliance.However,itdoesnot
haveasoftwaremarketplace.
Cautions
UntilVerizonTerremarklaunchesitsnewunifiedplatform,customersmustbecarefultomatchthe
servicetheychoosetotheirparticularusecase.TheyshouldalsobeawarethatwhileVerizon
Terremarkiscontinuingtoenhanceexistingcloudofferings,itsengineeringfocushasshiftedtothe
newplatform.
AlthoughVerizonTerremarkhasalwaysdoneasignificantamountofsoftwaredevelopmentforits
cloudofferings,ratherthanbeingwhollyreliantonVMware,itisstakingitsfuturesuccessonrapid
innovationdrivenbyagiledevelopment.Thisisanunusualstrategyforacompanyownedbya
telecomcarrier,anditishighlydependentonVerizon'swillingnesstointerfereminimallywith
management.Itisalsocompetingwithprovidersthathavemuchgreaterengineeringresources
andamuchfasterpaceofinnovation.
Verizon'ssalesorganizationdoesnotoftenhavearelationshipwiththedecisionmakersand
influencerswhoselectcloudIaaSproviders,sincetheyaredifferentfromthepeoplewhocontrol
networkprocurement.Verizonneedstobecomerelevanttobusinessmanagersandapplication
developmentleaders,inorderforVerizonTerremarktoachieveitspotential.
Virtustream
Virtustreamisasmall,independentserviceproviderfocusedsolelyoncloudservices.Inadditiontoits
cloudIaaSoffering,itsellsthesoftwareforitsplatform,whichiscalledxStream.
Locations:VirtustreamhasdatacentersintheeasternandwesternU.S.,andintheU.K.and
Netherlands.IthassalesintheU.S.,alongwithLondonandDubaisalesoffices.Theserviceisprovidedin
Englishonly.
Compute:xStreamishypervisorneutralbuttypicallysupportsVMwareandKVM.Itisofferedinboth
singletenantandmultitenantvariantsitcansupportsingletenantVMsinitspubliccloud,aswellas
baremetal.VMsareavailablebythehour,baremetalisavailablebythemonth,andbothpaidbytheVM
andSRPmodelsareavailable.
Storage:BlockstorageisVMindependent,withSSDandencryptionoptions.Whilestoragesnapshots
aresupported,theycannotbeusedasVMimages.Thereisnoobjectbasedstorage.
Network:Virtustreamsupportsafullrangeofnetworkingoptions,althoughitdoesnothavebackend
loadbalancing.
Security:RBACisperelementandveryconfigurable.Virtustreamembedsatoolforgovernance,risk
managementandcompliance(GRC).InFebruary2014,VirtustreamacquiredViewTrustTechnology,and
itisintegratingthiscompany'scapabilitiesasaservice.
Othernotes:Thereisnoselfservicemonitoring,althoughVirtustreamprovidesmonitoringasaservice.
Managedservicesareoptional.
Recommendeduses:Enterpriseapplications,generalbusinessapplications,ebusinesshostingand
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cloudnativeapplications.
Strengths
Virtustream'sfoundershavebackgroundsinVMwareandSAPconsultancies,aswellassystem
integration,andthecompanyhasastronglyconsultativeapproach,aswellasparticularexpertisein
SAPin2013,VirtustreamreceivedadirectinvestmentfromSAPAmerica.Itscloudistargeted
primarilyatproductionapplications,but,inanunusualapproach,itistargetingbothtraditional
enterpriseworkloads,includingERPapplications,andcloudnativeapplications.Ithasbeen
successfulatwinninglargescaleenterprisedeals,particularlythosefocusedonSAPandthatrequire
managedservicescapabilities.
Virtustreamhasdevelopeditsowncloudplatformtechnology,andusesasingleunifiedarchitecture
acrosspublicandprivateofferings,withinbothitsowndatacentersandcustomers'datacenters,
enablingfederationacrossmultipleclouds.AlthoughmuchofitsinfrastructureisVMware
virtualized,itcanalsosupportotherhypervisors.IthasdivideditsportalintoanadministrativeUI
andanenduserUI,toaddresssomeeaseofuseissues.
Virtustream'smicroVMtechnologyenablesittochargeforresourcesconsumed,ratherthan
resourcesallocated,andtoofferpolicybasedservicelevelmanagementandapplicationperformance
SLAs.Ithasfocusedonmeetingenterprisesecurityandcomplianceneeds,andhassomeunique
capabilities,suchassupportforIntel'sTrustedExecutionTechnology(TXT)andtrustframework.
Cautions
AlthoughVirtustreamsupportsasolidsetofselfservicefeatures,itprimarilytargetscomplex,
missioncriticalapplicationswhereitislikelythatthecustomerwillpurchaseprofessionalservices
assistanceforimplementation,andmanagedservicesonanongoingbasis.Itdoesnothavethe
resourcestocompeteforallworkloadsagainstproviderswhosegreaterresourcesallowdevelopment
ofmuchbroaderproductportfolios.Rather,itprovidesdeepanddifferentiatedcapabilitiesinitsfocus
areas.
Virtustreamisacompellinganduniqueproviderforparticularenterpriseapplicationusecases,butit
isbettersuitedtoimplementationswhereanenvironmentwillbecarefullyandconsultativelytuned
fortheneedsofparticularapplications,ratherthangeneralpurposeenvironmentswhereworkloads
aredeployedwithoutoversight.
Virtustreamisasmallbutinnovativeserviceprovider,andmaybeanattractivetargetfor
acquisition.Itsstrategywillrequireittoattractandretainsignificantengineeringtalentaswellas
applicationexpertise.Itwillbechallengedtogrowitsbrandawarenessandtomanagethelengthy
salescyclesthatwillbecommoninitstargetedusecases.
VMware
VMwarehashistoricallybeenasoftwarevendorfocusedonvirtualizationtechnologies.Itenteredthe
cloudIaaSmarketwhenitlaunchedtheVMwarevCloudHybridService(vCHS)intogeneralavailabilityin
September2013.ItisasubsidiaryofEMC.
Locations:vCHSisavailableinmultipledatacentersintheU.S.,aswellasintheU.K.VMwarehas
globalsales.SupportisavailableinEnglish,French,German,Portuguese,Spanish,Hindi,Japanese,and
Mandarin.TheportalanddocumentationareavailableinEnglishonly.
Compute:vCHSisapubliccloudIaaSofferingavailableintwovariants,VirtualPrivateCloud
(multitenantcomputeandstorage)andDedicatedCloud(singletenantcomputeandmultitenant
storage).ItmostcloselyresemblesavCloudDatacenterService.BothofferingsuseSRPpricingonly
DedicatedCloudallowsthecustomertooversubscribetheresources.
Storage:VMstorageispersistent,butthereisalsoVMindependentblockstorage.
Network:vCHSsupportsafullrangeofnetworkingoptions.Thirdpartyconnectivityisviaexchange
(VMwareDirectConnect).TrafficbetweenvCHSdatacenterstransitstheInternet,asVMwarelacksan
interdatacenterprivateWAN.
Security:RBACpermissionsarepergroup.ThereisnoMFA.Somelogsareonlyavailableviacustomer
servicerequest.VMwareisstillintheprocessofobtainingcompliancerelatedauditsandcertifications.
Othernotes:Themonitoringservicedoesnotgeneratealertstocustomers.Thereisnocolocationa
partnerexchangemustbeusedinstead.
Recommendeduses:Developmentenvironments,generalbusinessapplications,supplementing
existingVMwarevirtualizedenvironments,anddisasterrecoveryforcustomersseekingaVMwarebased
solution.
Strengths
VMwareisthemarketshareleaderandthoughtleaderinvirtualization.Ithasastrongbrand,global
salesreach,andabroadbaseofexistingcustomersthataredeeplycommittedtoitstechnologies.
ItsstrategyforvCHSistoofferhybridcloudoptionstoexistingVMwarecustomers,reinforcingits
positionininternaldatacenters,andexpandingitstotaladdressablemarket.Itwantstooffer
customersaconsistentexperienceacrossVMwarebasedinfrastructure,whetherdeliveredasanon
premisesvirtualizedenvironmentordeliveredasacloudservice.
vCHShasthesolidsetofbasicfeaturesandpureinfrastructurefocusthatistypicalofvCloud
DatacenterServiceofferings.ItdoesnotusethevCDportal,althoughvCDisavailabletocustomers
iftheywanttoaccessit.Thenotionof"singlepaneofglass"manageabilityappealstomanyIT
administrators,althoughvCHSdoesnotyetdeliveronthispromise.However,thevCHSDisaster
RecoveryservicemaybeattractivetocustomerswithonpremisesVMware.VMwarealsopossesses
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asuiteofITOMtoolsthatcould,inthefuture,beusedtoenhancevCHSmanageability.
VMwarepossessesdeepengineeringexpertise,whichcouldpotentiallyallowittoinnovateatthe
infrastructurelevelvCHSdevelopmentisnottiedtothegeneralVMwarereleasecycles,but
VMwareischangingthewayitdevelopsitscoresoftwaretodeliverintovCHSfirst.However,
VMwarelacksserviceoperationsexperienceandvCHSlacksanoperationaltrackrecordVMware
mightfinditchallengingtoscaletheservice.Furthermore,VMwarefocusesprimarilyon
infrastructure,andlacksclearplansforofferingadditionalvalueaddedservices.
Cautions
vCHShaslimitedappealtothebusinessmanagersandapplicationdevelopmentleaderswhoare
typicallythekeydecisionmakersforcloudIaaSsourcing.VMwareadministratorsinIToperations
arethemostlikelychampionsofvCHSwithinabusiness,buttheyoftenprefertobuildaninternal
privatecloud,andtheyarealsooftenthepeoplethatthebusinessistryingtobypassbygoingto
cloudIaaS.VMwareneedstowinovertheseadministratorswithregardtovCHS,butitalsoneeds
todevelopacompellingvaluepropositionfordevelopers.AlthoughEMCalsoownsPivotal,andCloud
FoundrybasedPaaScanbehostedonvCHS,VMwareisalsointheprocessofindependentlybuilding
developerorientedcapabilities.
VMwarehaspreviouslyusedserviceprovidersasitschanneltomarket,butnoneofthoseservice
providersattainedtruescaleandtheywerenotabletomaintainthelevelofinnovationnecessaryin
thismarket.VMwareisnowdirectlycompetingwiththischannel,butitfacesthesametechnical
challenges,andmanyofthesamebusinesschallenges,asthoseserviceproviders.vCHSisanew
offering,andhasnotyetestablishedanoperationaltrackrecord.
VMwareneedstobuildanecosystemaroundvCHS.Ithaslaunchedasoftwaremarketplace,butthe
softwareavailableviathevCHSservicecatalogcurrentlyonlyincludesoperatingsystemsand
MicrosoftSQLServer.VMwaredoeshaveastrongchannelinitsbroaderbusiness,butSIs,MSPs
andvalueaddedresellersneedtolearntosellvCHSeffectivelyanddelivervalueontop.
VendorsAddedandDropped
WereviewandadjustourinclusioncriteriaforMagicQuadrantsandMarketScopesasmarketschange.As
aresultoftheseadjustments,themixofvendorsinanyMagicQuadrantorMarketScopemaychange
overtime.Avendor'sappearanceinaMagicQuadrantorMarketScopeoneyearandnotthenextdoes
notnecessarilyindicatethatwehavechangedouropinionofthatvendor.Itmaybeareflectionofa
changeinthemarketand,therefore,changedevaluationcriteria,orofachangeoffocusbythatvendor.
Added
Google
VMware
Dropped
SoftLayer.SoftLayerwasacquiredbyIBMinJuly2013,andisnowevaluatedunderIBM(SoftLayer).
SavvisandTier3.Tier3wasacquiredbyCenturyLinkinNovember2013.ItwasmergedintoSavvis
(alreadyownedbyCenturyLink),andthecombinedcompanieswererebrandedasCenturyLink
TechnologySolutions.SavvisandTier3arenowoneentity,evaluatedunderCenturyLink.
InclusionandExclusionCriteria
Tobeincludedinthis2014MagicQuadrant,vendorshadtodemonstratethefollowing,asofFebruary
2014:
Marketparticipation.TheymustsellpubliccloudIaaSasastandaloneservice,withoutthe
requirementtouseanymanagedservices(includingguestOSmanagement),ortobundleitwith
managedhosting,applicationdevelopment,applicationmaintenance,orotherformsofoutsourcing.
Theymay,optionally,alsosellaprivateversionofthisofferingthatusesthesamearchitecturebut
issingletenant.
Markettractionandmomentum.Theymustbeamongthetop15providersfortherelevant
segments(publicandstandardizedprivatecloudIaaS,excludingsmalldeploymentsofoneortwo
VMs),basedonGartnerestimatedmarketsharesandclientinquiryservicedata.
BusinesscapabilitiesrelevanttoGartnerclients.TheymustofferthepubliccloudIaaSservice
globally,beabletoinvoice,offerconsolidatedbilling,andbewillingtonegotiatecustomized
contracts.Theymusthave24/7customersupport(includingphonesupport).
TechnicalcapabilitiesrelevanttoGartnerclients.ThepubliccloudIaaSservicemustbe
suitableforsupportingproductionworkloads,whetherenterpriseorcloudnative.Specificservice
featuresmustinclude:
Datacentersinatleasttwometropolitanareas,separatedbyaminimumof250miles,on
separatepowergrids,withSSAE16,ISO27001orequivalentaudits.
Realtimeprovisioning(smallLinuxVMin10minutes).
Theabilitytoscaleanapplicationbeyondthecapacityofasinglephysicalserver.
AnallowableVMsizeofatleasteightvCPUsand32GBofRAM.
AnSLAforcompute,withaminimumof99.9%availability.
Theabilitytosecurelyextendthecustomer'sdatacenternetworkintothecloudenvironment.
AccesstoaWebservicesAPI.
VendorsConsidered,butNotIncluded
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ThisMagicQuadrantisglobalinscope,butmostoftheprovidersarebasedintheU.S.Thisisareflection
ofthewaythemarketisevolving.ThemarkethasmaturedmorequicklyintheU.S.andthebulkof
revenuecomesfromU.S.basedcustomersandflowstoU.S.basedcompaniesU.S.basedIaaS
providerstypicallyderive20%ormoreoftheirrevenuefromcustomersoutsidetheU.S.However,allthe
providersinthisMagicQuadrantoffertheirservicesonaglobalbasis,andmosthaveatleastonedata
centerinNorthAmerica,WesternEuropeandAsia/Pacific.
SignificantEuropebasedprovidersnotinthisMagicQuadrantincludearsys,CloudSigma,Colt,Gigas,
OrangeBusinessServices,OVHandSkyscape.ProviderswithsignificantpresenceintheAsia/Pacific
regionthatarenotinthisMagicQuadrantincludeDatapipe,NTTandTataCommunications.
IntheevaluationsforthisMagicQuadrant,weconsideredavarietyofinterestingcloudIaaSproviders
thatdidnotmeetthecriteriaforinclusion.Themoredistinctiveones,byusecase,include:
Development:Skytap,whichhasdeepselfservice"labmanagement"capabilitiesandfeatures
thatsupportcollaborationbetweendevelopers,usingeitheritsowninfrastructureorAWS.
DisasterRecovery:Hostingandiland,whichofferdisasterrecoveryasaserviceontheircloud
IaaSplatforms.
Enterpriseapplications:NaviSite,aTimeWarnerCableCompany,whosecloudIaaSplatformis
suitableforhostingOracleeBusinessSuiteandothercomplexapplications.
HPC:CloudSigma,Peer1HostingandProfitBricks,whichofferconfigurationsandpricingmodels
thatareattractiveforHPC.
TherearealsomanycloudIaaSprovidersthatspecializeinservingsmallbusinessesthattypicallyusejust
oneortwoVMsexamplesareDigitalOcean,ElasticHostsandLinode.Theselowcostprovidersareoften
usedasanalternativetomassmarkethosting.Gartnerclientstypicallyhaveneedsbeyondwhatsuch
providerscanfulfill.
EventhoughsomebusinessesmayusePaaSinaveryIaaSlikemanner,weexcludedPaaSproviders
fromthisMagicQuadrant,withtheexceptionofthosePaaSprovidersthatalsohaveaqualifyingIaaS
offering.PaaSofferingsdonotallowcustomerstoobtainrawVMsthatcanbeloadedwitharbitrary
operatingsystems,middlewareandapplications,whichisarequirementforbeingconsideredasIaaS.For
PaaSproviders,see"MagicQuadrantforEnterpriseApplicationPlatformasaService"and"Magic
QuadrantforEnterpriseIntegrationPlatformasaService."
EvaluationCriteria
AbilitytoExecute
Gartneranalystsevaluatetechnologyvendorsonthequalityandefficacyoftheprocesses,systems,
methodsorproceduresthatenableITproviders'performancetobecompetitive,efficientandeffective,
andtopositivelyaffectrevenue,retentionandreputation.Ultimately,technologyprovidersarejudgedon
theirabilitytocapitalizeontheirvision,andontheirsuccessindoingso.
Weevaluatedvendors'AbilitytoExecuteinthismarketbyusingthefollowingcriteria:
Product/Service:ServiceproviderswereevaluatedonthecapabilitiesoftheircloudIaaSofferingto
supportthefourusecasesbeingevaluated.Weevaluatedthebreadthanddepthofthefeatureset,
selfservicecapabilities,automatedsystemmanagementandsuitabilitytorunabroadrangeof
workloadtypes.Thiscriterionisimportanttobuyerswhowanttopurchasethemostcapable,
featurerichservice.
OverallViability(BusinessUnit,Financial,Strategy,Organization):Providerswereevaluatedonthe
successoftheircloudIaaSbusiness,asdemonstratedbycurrentrevenueandrevenuegrowthsince
thelaunchoftheirservicetheirfinancialwherewithaltocontinueinvestinginthebusinessandto
executesuccessfullyontheirroadmapsandtheirorganizationalcommitmenttothisbusiness,and
itsimportancetothecompany'soverallstrategy.Thiscriterionisimportanttobuyerswhopreferto
purchaseservicesfromlargevendorswithamplefinancialresources,orfromvendorsthathavea
positionofmarketleadershipandarecontinuingtoinvestaggressivelyinthebusiness,orwhoare
concernedabouttheirlongtermstrategicinvestmentinaparticularvendor.
SalesExecution/Pricing:Providerswereevaluatedontheirabilitytoaddresstherangeofbuyersfor
IaaS,includingdevelopersandbusinessmanagers,aswellasIToperationsorganizationsadaptto
"frictionlessselling"withonlinesales,immediatetrialsandproofsofconceptprovideconsultative
salesandsolutionsengineeringbehighlyresponsivetoprospectivecustomersandoffervaluefor
money.Thiscriterionisimportanttobuyerswhovalueasmoothsalesexperience,therightsolution
proposalsandcompetitiveprices.
MarketResponsivenessandTrackRecord:Thismarketisevolvingextremelyquicklyandtherateof
technologicalinnovationisveryhigh.Providerswereevaluatedonhowwelltheyhavehistorically
beenabletorespondtochangingbuyerneedsandtechnologydevelopments,rapidlyiteratetheir
serviceofferings,anddeliverpromisedenhancementsandservicesbytheexpectedtime.This
criterionisimportanttobuyerswhovaluerapiddeliveryofcuttingedgecapabilities.
MarketingExecution:Providerswereevaluatedontheirmindshareandbrandawarenessinthe
markettheirabilitytoconveymarketingmessagesbasedontheirabilitytodeliverrealbusiness
value,notemptyhypeormisleading"cloudwashing"andtheclarityandaccuracyoftheir
marketingmessages,comparedwiththeiractualserviceoffering.Thiscriterionisimportantto
buyerswhoprefertobuyfromwellknownvendors.
CustomerExperience:Providerswereevaluatedonthequalityandresponsivenessoftheiraccount
managementandtechnicalsupporttheeaseofuseoftheirselfservicefunctionalitythe
capabilitiesoftheircustomerportal(additionalfunctionalitysuchasmonitoring,reportingand
troubleticketing)theusefulnessoftheirdocumentationandcustomercommunicationsthe
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qualityoftheirSLAstheeaseofdoingbusinesswiththemandoverallcustomersatisfaction.This
criterionisimportanttobuyerswhovaluetheaspectsofthevendorrelationshipandcapabilities
beyondtheIaaSplatformitself.
Operations:Providerswereevaluatedontheirabilitytomeettheirgoalsandcommitments,
includingtheirtrackrecordofservicedeliverythequalityoftheirresponsetooutagesandtheir
abilitytomeettimelinesthatarecommunicatedtocustomersandtothemarket.Thiscriterionis
importanttobuyerswhowantareliable,predictableserviceexperience.
Ourevaluationofaserviceprovider'sAbilitytoExecuteremainssimilartothatofthe2012and2013
MagicQuadrants.Wehavecontinuedtoraiseourexpectationsofaprovider'sfeatureset,andwehave
furtherincreasedtheweightingofOverallViability,reflectingourbeliefthateventhoughsomeproviders
canaccomplishgreatthingswithrelativelyfewresources,longtermsuccessinthismarketwillrequire
substantialinvestment,aswellastheabilitytoattractanecosystem.
Table1.AbilitytoExecuteEvaluation
Criteria
Criteria
Weighting
ProductorService
High
OverallViability
High
SalesExecution/Pricing
Medium
MarketResponsiveness/Record
High
MarketingExecution
Medium
CustomerExperience
Medium
Operations
Medium
CompletenessofVision
Gartneranalystsevaluatetechnologyvendorsontheirabilitytoarticulatelogicalstatementsconvincingly
aboutcurrentandfuturemarketdirection,innovation,customerneedsandcompetitiveforces,aswellas
howtheymaptoGartner'sposition.Ultimately,technologyprovidersareassessedontheirunderstanding
ofthewaysinwhichmarketforcescanbeexploitedtocreateopportunities.
Weassessedvendors'CompletenessofVisioninthismarketbyusingthefollowingcriteria:
MarketUnderstanding:Providerswereevaluatedontheirunderstandingofthewantsandneedsof
threedifferentbuyingconstituenciesinthismarketenterprises,midmarketbusinessesand
technologycompaniesofallsizesbothcurrentlyandinthelongertermastheuseofIaaS
matures.Thiscriterionisimportanttobuyerswhovalueaprovider'sunderstandingofthemarket's
evolutionandbroaderbusinesstrends,whichimpactaprovider'sabilitytoplanasuccessfullong
termstrategy.
MarketingStrategy:Providerswereevaluatedontheirabilitytoarticulatetheirpositioninthe
marketandtheircompetitivedifferentiation,andtocommunicatethesemessagesclearlyand
consistently,bothinternallyandexternally.Thiscriterionisimportanttobuyerswhobelievethat
providersshouldhaveaclearfocusanddirection.
SalesStrategy:Providerswereevaluatedontheirunderstandingofthebuyingcentersforthe
market,andthewaythatthesedifferentbuyingcenterswanttoengagewithsales,aswellastheir
strategyforadaptingtheirsalesforce,onlinechannelandpartnerchannelstotheIaaSmarket.This
criterionisimportanttobuyerswhovalueaprovider'sabilitytogrowitsbusinessoverthelong
term.
Offering(Product)Strategy:Providerswereevaluatedonthebreadth,depth,qualityand
differentiationoftheirserviceroadmaps,asrelevanttothefourusecasesunderevaluation,with
anemphasisonselfservice,automatedITOMandoverallfeatureset.Thiscriterionisimportantto
buyerswhowantaproviderwhowillleadthemarketinservicecapabilities.
BusinessModel:Providerswereevaluatedontheiroverallvaluepropositionandtheirstrategyfor
providingsolutionsfortheusecasesunderconsideration,notjustrawinfrastructureelements.This
includedevaluatinghowIaaSfitsintotheirbroaderproductportfolioandproductstrategy.This
criterionisimportanttobuyerswhoviewIaaSaspartofanintegratedsetofsolutionsfroma
particularprovider.
Vertical/IndustryStrategy:Providerswereevaluatedontheirabilitytooffertargetedservicesfor
particularverticalmarkets,suchasgovernment,biotechnology,mediaandentertainment,and
retail.Thisincludessalesandmarketingtosuchverticals,theirabilitytomeetspecialized
complianceneeds,andverticalspecificsolutions.Thiscriterionisnotdirectlyimportanttomost
buyers,excepttotheextentthataproviderhasaverticalspecificofferingthatisrelevanttothem.
Innovation:Providerswereevaluatedonthelevelofinvestmentinthefutureoftheirbusiness,and
thequalityofthoseinvestments,whetherfinancialorhumancapitalthisincludesaspectssuchas
thedeploymentofengineeringresources,investmentsinnewtechnology,mergersandacquisitions,
andpartnershipsandalliances.Thiscriterionisimportanttobuyerswhocareaboutleadingedge
capabilities,andthestrengthofaprovider'secosystem.
GeographicStrategy:Providerswereevaluatedontheirabilitytoexpandtheirofferingbeyondtheir
homeregion,servingtheneedsofmultinationalbusinesses,aswellasadaptingtheirofferingsto
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othergeographies.Inparticular,thisincludedtheirstrategyforinternationalsalesandsupport,as
wellastheirdatacenterfootprintsandinternationalizationefforts.Thiscriterionisimportantto
buyerswhowanttouseaglobalvendor.
OurevaluationofCompletenessofVisionremainssimilartothatofthe2012and2013MagicQuadrants.
However,wehavecontinuedtoincreaseourexpectationsforthebreadthanddepthofaprovider'svision.
Webelievethatacomprehensivevisionmustencompasstheambitiontorunanyworkload,atanytime,
anywhereintheworld,withtheappropriateavailability,performance,securityandisolationincluding
theabilitytoselfserviceallofthenecessarycompute,storage,networkandmanagementcapabilities
incooperationwithanecosystemofsupportingpartners.
Table2.CompletenessofVision
EvaluationCriteria
EvaluationCriteria
Weighting
MarketUnderstanding
High
MarketingStrategy
Medium
SalesStrategy
Medium
Offering(Product)Strategy
High
BusinessModel
Medium
Vertical/IndustryStrategy
Low
Innovation
High
GeographicStrategy
Low
QuadrantDescriptions
Leaders
Leadersdistinguishthemselvesbyofferingaservicesuitableforstrategicadoptionandhavingan
ambitiousroadmap.Theycanserveabroadrangeofusecases,althoughtheydonotexcelinallareas,
maynotnecessarilybethebestprovidersforaspecificneed,andmaynotservesomeusecasesatall.
Theyhaveatrackrecordofsuccessfuldelivery,significantmarketshareandmanyreferenceable
customers.
Challengers
TherearenoChallengersinthisMagicQuadrant.Challengersarewellpositionedtoservesomecurrent
marketneeds.Theydeliveragoodservicethatistargetedataparticularsetofusecases,andtheyhave
atrackrecordofsuccessfuldelivery.However,theyarenotadaptingtomarketchallengessufficiently
quickly,ordonothaveabroadscopeofambition.
Visionaries
Visionarieshaveanambitiousvisionofthefuture,andaremakingsignificantinvestmentsinthe
developmentofuniquetechnologies.Visionariesmaybenewmarketentrants,ortheymaybeexisting
providerswhoarereinventingtheirbusiness.Theirservicesarestillemerging,andtheyhavemany
capabilitiesindevelopmentthatarenotyetgenerallyavailable.Whiletheymayhavemanycustomers,
theymightnotyetserveabroadrangeofusecaseswell.
NichePlayers
NichePlayersmaybeexcellentprovidersfortheusecasesinwhichtheyspecialize,butmaynotservea
broadrangeofusecaseswell,orhaveabroadlyambitiousroadmap.Theymayberelativelynew
entrantstothismarket,ormaynotyethavegainedsignificantmarketshare.Somemayhavesolid
leadershippositionsinmarketsadjacenttothismarket,butarestillintherelativelyearlystagesof
developingcapabilitiesincloudIaaS.Providersthatspecializeinmanagedservicesontopofa"good
enough"IaaSplatformmaybeinthiscategory.Themorehighlytargetedyourneeds,themorelikelyitis
thattherewillbeaNichePlayeridealforyourneeds.
Context
Whenpeoplethinkabout"cloudcomputing,"cloudIaaSisoftenoneofthefirstthingsthatcomesto
mind.It'sthe"computing"incloudcomputingondemandcompute,storageandnetworkresources,
deliveredondemand,innearrealtime,asaservice.Therehasbeentremendoushypeaboutthese
services,buttherearealsoanumberofusecasesforwhichcloudIaaSdeliversexcellentbusinessvalue.
Althoughthemarketisimmature,itisevolvingrapidlyithasbegunitsjourneyuptheSlopeof
EnlightenmentonGartner's"HypeCycleforCloudComputing,2013."Unfortunately,thereisagreatdeal
ofmarketconfusionandmanyprovidersarticulatetheirofferingspoorly.Therefore,careshouldbetaken
whensourcingtheseservices.
ThecommonusecasesforcloudIaaSaredevelopmentandtestingenvironmentsHPCandbatch
processingInternetfacingwebsitesandWebbasedapplications(whichmayormaynothave
architecturesspecificallydesignedforthecloud)andnonmissioncriticalinternalbusinessapplications.
AnincreasingnumberoforganizationsnowrunmissioncriticalbusinessapplicationsoncloudIaaS,anda
significantnumberoforganizationsareinthemidstofmigratingmostoralloftheirinfrastructureto
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cloudIaaS.Migrationsaremostfrequentlydonetoavoidmajorcapitalexpenditure,suchasahardware
refreshortheconstructionofadatacenter.
Initially,mostbusinesseschooseusecasesthatareperipheraltotheirorganization'sITneeds,but,over
time,theyadoptcloudIaaSformainstreambusinessapplicationsaswell,includingmissioncritical
applications,mirroringthepastdecade'sadoptionpatternofvirtualizationinthedatacenter.Many
businesses,especiallyinthemidmarket,willeventuallymigrateawayfromrunningtheirowndata
centersinfavorofrelyingprimarilyoninfrastructureinthecloud.Gartner's2013CIOPrioritiesSurvey
indicatesthat28%ofCIOsexpecttosourceallcriticalapplicationsandoperationsviathecloudby2016,
and55%expecttodosoby2020(see"HuntingandHarvestinginaDigitalWorld:The2013CIO
Agenda").
AlthoughsomeorganizationsstillsourcecloudIaaSinatactical,perprojectfashion,mostorganizations
arenowlookingforlongtermstrategicpartners.This2014MagicQuadrantfocusesonevaluating
providersthroughthelensoftheirsuitabilityforstrategicadoption.Webelievethatwhilethemarketis
stillrelativelyimmature,customersmayreasonablybeginmakingstrategicchoices,basedontheirown
speedofadoption.CustomerswhowillnothavethemajorityoftheirworkloadsoncloudIaaSuntil2016
orlatermaychoosestrategicproviderswhoseofferingsarestillsubstantivelyincomplete,iftheyare
confidentthatthoseproviderswillhavethenecessarycapabilitiesbythetimetheyneedthem.We
recommendthatprospectivecustomerswithimmediateneedsfocusonfindingthecloudproviderthat
matchestheiranticipatedusecasesforthenextyear.Insomecases,businessesmayhavetouse
multiplecloudIaaSproviderstomeettheneedsofdiverseusecases.
MarketOverview
CloudIaaSisacomputingresource,alongwithassociatedstorageandnetworkresources,offeredtothe
customerviaselfserviceinahighlyautomatedway,ondemandandinnearrealtime.InIaaS,the
providermanagesthedatacenterfacilities,hardwareandvirtualization,buteverythingabovethe
hypervisorlayertheoperatingsystem,middlewareandapplicationismanagedbythecustomer,or
isanaddonmanagedservicefromtheprovideroranotherthirdparty.Thismarketiswhollyseparate
anddistinctfromcloudPaaSandSaaS.
CloudIaaSisowned,builtandoperatedbyaserviceprovider,butitmaybedeliveredonpremiseswithin
acustomer'sdatacenterorhostedintheprovider'sdatacenter.Itmaybe"public"(multitenant)or
"private"(singletenant),although,inpractice,thereisnoconsistencyintheapplicationoftheselabelsto
varyingdegreesofresourceisolation,andmosthostedofferingsusesomedegreeofsharedresourcesin
serviceslabeled"private."
CloudIaaSisnotacommoditizedservice,andevenproviderswithverysimilarofferingsandunderlying
technologiesoftenhavesufficientlydifferentimplementationsthatthereisamaterialdifferencein
availability,performance,securityandservicefeatures.See"EvaluatingCloudInfrastructureasa
Service"anditsrelatedreportstounderstandtherangeofoptionsavailableinthismarket.
WhatTypesofWorkloadAreBeingPlacedonCloudIaaS?
TherearethreebroadcategoriesofcustomerneedsincloudIaaS:
Thehostingofasingleapplication,oracloselyrelatedgroupofapplications
AVDCthatwillserveabroadrangeofdifferentworkloads
Batchcomputing
Hostingisthemostcommonneed.Forinstance,amediacompanywithamarketingmicrositefora
movie,asoftwarecompanyofferingSaaSandaretailerneedingalightweightversionofitsecommerce
sitefordisasterrecoverypurposesareexamplesofcustomerswithhostingneedsthatcanbefulfilledby
IaaS.Thesearegenerallyproductionapplications,althoughthereissometestanddevelopmentaswell.
Someofthesecustomershavemissioncriticalneeds,whileothersdonot.
Customerswithabroadrangeofunrelatedworkloadsarelesscommon,butaregrowinginimportance,
particularlyinthemidmarket,whereIaaSisgraduallyreplacingorsupplementingtraditionaldatacenter
infrastructure.TheVDCistypicallyusedverysimilarlytotheorganization'sinternalvirtualization
environmentprimarilyforlessmissioncriticalproductionapplications,ortestanddevelopment
environmentsbutisincreasinglybeingusedtorunmoremissioncriticalapplications.
Theleastcommonneed,butonethatneverthelessgeneratessignificantrevenueforthesmallnumberof
providersthatservethisportionofthemarket,isbatchcomputing.Forthesecustomers,IaaSservesas
asubstitutefortraditionalHPCorgridcomputing.Customerneedsincluderendering,videoencoding,
geneticsequencing,modelingandsimulation,numericalanalysisanddataanalytics.Otherthantheneed
toaccesslargeamountsofcommoditycomputeatthelowestpossibleprice,withlittleconcernfor
infrastructurereliability,thesecustomerstypicallyhaveneedsverysimilartothoseofVDCcustomers,
althoughsomeHPCusecasesbenefitfromspecializedhardwaresuchasGPUsandhighspeed
interconnects.
CloudIaaScannowbeusedtorunmostworkloads,althoughnoteveryprovidercanruneverytypeof
workloadwell.Serviceprovidersaremovingtowardinfrastructureplatformsthatcanofferphysical
(nonvirtualized)andvirtualresources,pricedaccordingtothelevelofavailability,performance,security
andisolationthatthecustomerselects.Thisallowscustomerstorunboth"cloudnative"applicationsthat
havebeenarchitectedwithcloudtransactionprocessingprinciplesinmind(see"FromOLTPtoCloudTP:
TheThirdEraofTransactionProcessingAimstotheCloud"),aswellastomigrateexistingbusiness
applicationsfromtheirownvirtualizedserversininternaldatacentersintothecloud,withoutchanges.
CloudIaaSisbestusedtoenablenewITcapabilities,butithasbecomeareasonablealternativetoan
internaldatacenter.
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WhatKeyMarketAspectsShouldBuyersBeAwareOf?
CloudIaaSisnotacommodity.Providersvarysignificantlyintheirfeatures,performance,costand
businessterms.Althoughintheory,cloudIaaShasverylittlelockinaVMisjustaVM,intheendin
truth,cloudIaaSisnotmerelyamatterofhardwarerental,butanentiredatacenterecosystemasa
service.ThisencompassestheentiretyoftheITOMstack,includingtraditionalITservicemanagement
capabilities,DevOpsorientedcapabilities,andnewformsofautomation,analyticsandinsight,including
"smart"infrastructurecapabilitiesthattakeadvantageoftheuniqueperspectiveofferedbythedelivery
ofintegratedcompute,storageandnetworkingresources.Themoreyouusethosecapabilities,themore
valueyouwillreceivefromtheoffering,butthemoreyouwillbetiedtothatparticularserviceoffering.
Thedynamicsofthismarketresembleasoftwaremarket,notatraditionalITservicesmarket.Providers
areinaracetodeliverfeatures,andthe"winners"arelikelytobethosethatarehighlyinnovativeand
thathavethemostresourcestoinvestinthebreadthanddepthofcapabilitiesdevelopment.
Themarketisinatransitionphase.Thefirstphaseofthemarket'sdevelopment,from2006to2013,
wasmarkedbythegradualmaturationoftheabilitytoofferinfrastructureresourcesonaselfservice
basis.Bytheendofthisphase,customerscouldexpectreasonablygooddeliveryofthesecapabilitiesfrom
alargenumberofproviders.Butthemostvisionaryproviderstriedtoprovidecustomerswithcapabilities
beyondmereinfrastructurerental,reinventingtherelationshipbetweeninfrastructure,applications,and
management.In2013,incumbentITvendorsbeganactingaggressivelytocounterthethreatofcloud
computingtotheirbusinesses.Wehavenowenteredasecondphaseinwhichproviderswillinvest
tremendousresourcesindevelopingcloudservices.Therearepromisingnewentrants.Furthermore,
providersthatdidwellinthemarket'searlyyearsbuthavenotkeptupwiththepaceofinnovationare
gettingasecondchancetopursuenewstrategiesandreinvestinengineering.Mostsuchprovidersare
likelytoneedtwoyearstodeveloptrulycompetitivecapabilities.Duringthistransitionphase,market
shareislikelytocontinuetoconsolidate,butbythethirdphaseofthemarket,in2016andbeyond,new
strongcompetitorsmayemerge.
Therearemanyproviders,buttheyvarywidelyinqualityandcapabilities.Therearemanycompetitorsin
thismarketnewentrantscontinuetolaunchofferingsandexistingprovidersareexpandingthemarket
segmentstheyserve.ManyofthenewermarketentrantsareverylargeITcompanieswithconsiderable
salesreach,whichcouldpotentiallyacceleratetheirgrowthhowever,burdenedbytheirlegacyofferings,
theymightnotdevelopsuperiorofferings.Broadly,providerscanbedividedintotwocategoriesthose
thatareinvestingdeeplyinengineeringinordertoprovidearichsuiteoffeaturesandextensive
automationforselfserviceenablement,andthosethatwillprovideonlyabasicsetofIaaSfeaturesbut
intendtodifferentiateinsomeotherway,suchasviamanagedservices,PaaSorSaaScapabilities.
Themarket'sgrowthdisproportionatelyfavorsthemarketleaders,andthemarketisconsolidating.Many
providershavesolidofferingsthatencompassthemostfundamentalcapabilityinthismarketthe
abilitytoprovisionVMsrapidlyondemand,coupledwithstorageandanInternetconnection.Butmost
arefindingitchallengingtomovebeyondthispoint,andarefindingitincreasinglydifficulttogrowor
evenmaintaintheircustomerbase.Customers'expectationsareincreasing,usecasesarebroadening,
andmanyprovidershaveneithertheambitionnortheresourcestocompeteacrossthefullbreadthof
theaddressablemarket.
Providers'sizeandscalematter.Whilescaledoesimpactoperationalefficiencytosomedegree,more
importantly,itimpactsengineeringefficiencytheabilitytoleverageaninvestmentindevelopersas
wellaspartnercapabilitiesacrossaslargeacustomerbaseaspossible.Softwarerequiresalargeupfront
investment,buteachincrementalcustomeraddscomparativelylittlecost,andsoftwaremarketstendto
become"winnertakesall"arenas,whereasmallnumberofvendorscommanddominantmarketshares.
Scalealsomattersbecausetheabilitytodeliverabroadrangeofintegratedcapabilitieswillbecome
increasinglycrucial.Aprovider'ssize,itsexistingcustomerrelationships,andthestrengthofitsbrand
haveanenormousimpactonitsabilitytogainmarketshareandtraction,especiallyonaglobalbasis.
Furthermore,thesolutionecosystemisrapidlyconsolidatingaroundasmallnumberofmarketleaders.
CustomersarechoosingIaaSplatformsfirst,managedservicessecond.Todelivergreatervalueto
customers,cloudIaaSprovidersmustimprovethequalityandefficiencywithwhichcustomerscan
managetheirinfrastructure.Theymustfindwaystoreducetheburdenofoperationalchoressuchas
patchmanagementandbackups.Whilemanualmanagedservicesarefrequentlyusedtosubstitutefor
automatedofferings,efficiencydemandsautomationinsteadofoperators.Consequently,thechoiceofan
IaaSofferingultimatelyimpactsthequalityofthecustomer'sIToperations.Customerswhowantto
outsourcethemanagementoftheirinfrastructurewillincreasinglyadoptabestinclassIaaSoffering,
andthenseekamanagedservicesprovidertomanageit,ratherthanchoosingtoadopta"managed
cloud"offeringfromamanagedservicesproviderthatcanofferonlybasicIaaScapabilitiesonitsown
platform.Customersmayextendexistingoutsourcingrelationshipstoincludemanagementofathird
partycloudIaaSoffering.
PublicandprivatecloudIaaSareconverging.Serviceprovidersareincreasinglyusingdynamicphysical
andlogicalisolationmechanismstocreate"private"infrastructurewithinashared,multitenantcapacity
pool.Thisallowsforeconomiesofscale,whileenablingcustomerstomeetabroaderrangeofsecurityand
compliancerequirements.See"BestPractice:EvaluateIsolationMechanismsinPublicandPrivateCloud
IaaS"fordetailsonthisconvergenceandhowtochoosethelevelofisolationyouneed.Webelievethat,
overtime,theleadingproviderswillofferasingle,highlyflexibleplatformacrossboththeirowndata
centersandcustomers'datacenters.Asaresult,thisMagicQuadrantcoversnotonlypubliccloudIaaS,
butstandardizedprivatecloudIaaSaswell.
Hybridcloudisnotyetareality.WhileitisrelativelystraightforwardtomoveVMimagesfromonecloud
toanother,trulyhybridmulticloudscenariosarerare.Thetoolstoenabletrue"singlepaneofglass"
managementandseamlessmovementacrossinfrastructureplatformsarenotmature,andthereare
significantdifferencesincloudIaaSimplementations,evenbetweenprovidersusingthesameunderlying
CMP.Notethattheclaimthatanecosystemis"open"hasnothingtodowithactualportability.The
organizationsthatusecloudIaaSmosteffectivelywillembracecloudnativemanagement,ratherthan
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allowthelegacyenterpriseenvironmenttodictatetheirchoices.
IaaSandPaaScapabilitieswilloverlap.CloudIaaSprovidersareincreasinglyofferingmiddleware
capabilitiesasaservice,andarelikelytoaddcapabilitiessuchastheprovisioningandorchestrationof
applicationcontainers.ManyleadingproviderswillofferbothIaaSandPaaS,andinmanycaseswillblend
IaaSandPaaScapabilities.Thespectrumofservicesallowscustomerstodecideonatradeoffbetween
controlandconvenience.Customerswanttodevelop,deployandmanageapplicationsefficiently,andwill
choosethecombinationofcapabilitiesthatbestsuitstheirneeds.
Thesoftwaredefineddatacenteristhecenterofapartnerecosystem.Programmatic(API)accessto
infrastructureiscrucial,asitenablescustomers,aswellasthirdparties,tobuildmanagementtoolsfor
theirplatforms,andtoenableapplicationstotakemaximumadvantageoftheinfrastructure
environment.Providersneedtofosterrichecosystemsofcapabilities.Whiletheleadingprovidersare
likelytobuildasubstantialnumberofcapabilitiesthemselves,partnerswillextendtherangeoftheir
capabilities,provideoverlaysforcomplexheterogeneousmultivendorenvironments,andadd"stickiness"
totheseplatformsbyofferingtightintegrationsbetweenapplications,middlewareandinfrastructure.
BuyingcentersforIaaSarediverse.TheearlyadoptersintheIaaSmarketweredevelopers.Asthe
marketmatures,developersremainanimportantaudience,becauseagreatdealofIaaSadoptionis
businessleddrivenbybusinessmanagerswhoholdthebudget,needgreateragilityandhaveshorter
timeframesthanIToperationsareabletoaccommodate,andwhothereforeturntoapplication
developersandenterprisearchitectsforasolution.Thisisparticularlytrueforthesingleapplication,
"hosting"sideofthemarket.IToperationsis,however,increasinglyinvolvedinIaaSsourcing,andis
likelytobetheprimarybuyingcenterformultipleapplicationneeds.IaaSprovidersvaryintheirabilityto
targetthesedifferentbuyingcenters.Furthermore,mostprovidersfocusoneitheradeveloperaudience
oranIToperationsaudience,andtheirfeaturesetandstyleofserviceareorientedaccordingly,although
leadingproviderswillincreasinglyoffercapabilitiesattractivetobothaudiences.
Localsourcingmatterstosomecustomers.Customersnormallyprefertokeepdatainregionforreasons
ofnetworklatency.However,regulatoryconcernsthatrequirekeepingdataincountry,aswellas
revelationsaboutforeignintelligenceagenciesobtainingaccesstoprivatedata,haveheightenedthe
desireofnonU.S.basedcustomerstopurchasecloudIaaSfromlocalproviders.Unfortunately,local
providerstypicallylackthescaleandcapabilitiesoftheglobalproviders,andmayfocusprimarilyonsmall
businesses,notenterprises.Furthermore,keepingdatalocalisnoguaranteeoffreedomfromeither
domesticorforeignsurveillance.ItisneverthelesspossiblethatthecloudIaaSmarketsinEuropeand
Asiawillbecomehighlyfragmented,whichmayresultinonlybasic,commoditycapabilitiesbeingavailable
tocustomersthatcannotuseaforeignprovider(evenwhenthatproviderhaslocalpresence).
PubliccloudIaaSprovidesadequatesecurityformostworkloads.Althoughmanysecuritycontrolsarethe
responsibilityofthecustomer,nottheprovider,mostmajorcloudIaaSprovidersofferahighdegreeof
securityontheunderlyingplatform.TransparentencryptionofLAN,WANandstoragewillbecome
increasinglycommonplaceasabundledelementofcloudIaaSofferings,asprovidersreacttodefend
themselvesagainstintrusionfromgovernmententities.
CustomersdonotalwayssavemoneybyusingcloudIaaS.Althoughmanycustomersfirstinvestigate
usingIaaStoachievecostsavings,mostcustomersbuyIaaStoachievegreaterbusinessagilityoraccess
infrastructurecapabilitiesthattheydonothavewithintheirowndatacenter.IaaScandrivesignificant
costsavingswhencustomershaveshortterm,seasonal,disasterrecoveryorbatchcomputingneeds.It
canalsobeaboontocompanieswithlimitedaccesstocapitalandtosmallcompanies,especiallystartups,
thatcannotaffordtoinvestininfrastructure(see"CloudComputingCanBetheSingularSolutionforat
LeastFiveUseCases").Forlargerbusinesseswithexistinginternaldatacenters,wellmanagedvirtualized
infrastructure,efficientIToperationsteamsandahighdegreeofautomation,IaaSforsteadystate
workloadsisoftennolessexpensive,andmaybemoreexpensive,thananinternalprivatecloud.Theless
efficientyourorganization,themorelikelyyouaretosavemoneybyusingacloudprovider,especiallyif
youtakeadvantageofthisopportunitytostreamlineandautomateyouroperations.Thelargestscale
providersarecontinuallyloweringtheirprices,andautomatedmanagedserviceswillsubstantiallydrive
downthecostofinfrastructuremanagementovertime,socostadvantageswillcontinuetoaccruetothe
providers.
2014Gartner,Inc.and/oritsaffiliates.Allrightsreserved.GartnerisaregisteredtrademarkofGartner,Inc.oritsaffiliates.Thispublicationmaynotbe
reproducedordistributedinanyformwithoutGartnerspriorwrittenpermission.Ifyouareauthorizedtoaccessthispublication,youruseofitissubjecttothe
UsageGuidelinesforGartnerServicespostedongartner.com.Theinformationcontainedinthispublicationhasbeenobtainedfromsourcesbelievedtobereliable.
Gartnerdisclaimsallwarrantiesastotheaccuracy,completenessoradequacyofsuchinformationandshallhavenoliabilityforerrors,omissionsorinadequacies
insuchinformation.ThispublicationconsistsoftheopinionsofGartnersresearchorganizationandshouldnotbeconstruedasstatementsoffact.Theopinions
expressedhereinaresubjecttochangewithoutnotice.AlthoughGartnerresearchmayincludeadiscussionofrelatedlegalissues,Gartnerdoesnotprovidelegal
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