Ageing of Silorane-Based and Methacrylate-Based

journal of dentistry 40s (2012) e64e71
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
journal homepage: www.intl.elsevierhealth.com/journals/jden
Ageing of silorane-based and methacrylate-based

composite resins: Effects on translucency
Marina da Rosa Kaizer a,*, Pamela Gutheil Diesel a, Andre Mallmann b,
Letcia Borges Jacques b
a
b
Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
article info
abstract
Article history:
Objectives: Verify if media and time of storage affect the translucency of a silorane-based
Received 3 February 2012
composite (Filtek P90) compared to two methacrylate-based composites (Z350 and ROK), and
Received in revised form
compare two methods of translucency evaluation.
2 April 2012
Methods: Specimens were divided into two groups (n = 7) according to the storage media
Accepted 19 April 2012
(deionized water or red wine). With a spectrophotometer (SP60) in reflectance mode, the CIE
L*a*b* parameters and opacity percentage readings were conducted at baseline, 24 h, 30
days, and 180 days. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures ANOVA and
Keywords:
Tukey ( p < 0.05). Pearson correlation measured the relationship between translucency
Composite resins
parameter and opacity percentage.
Opacity stability
Results: When stored in water, P90 showed an increase, whereas Z350 decreased in trans-
Silorane-based composite resin
lucency. ROK did not exhibit any tendency over time. When stored in wine, the translucency of
Methacrylate-based composite resin
all materials decreased. A negative relationship was found between translucency parameter
Optical properties
and opacity percentage. When stored in water, the a* values for P90 decreased, whereas Z350
CIE L*a*b* system
and ROK showed values increasing over time. When stored in wine, the L* parameter tended to
decrease over time, an effect that was less intense for P90. Moreover, the b* parameter for P90
decreased, whereas methacrylate-based composites increased over time.
Conclusions: P90 was more stable in red wine than the other materials and became more
translucent in water whether metacrilate-based materials became more opaque. Both
media as well as storage time affected the translucency of the materials tested. Translucency could be measured with both methods tested.
Clinical significance: Silorane-based composites seemed to be more stable than methacrylate-based composites in red wine and became more translucent over time in water, which
was different than methacrylate-based composites. More studies are needed to clarify
silorane-based composites performance.
# 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
1.
Introduction
Tooth-colored dental resin composites are widely used

restorative materials. In general, they are based on a
combination of methacrylate monomers, filler particles, and

photo-initiator system.1,2 New developments are focused on
reducing polymerisation shrinkage and wear, as well as
improvements on biocompatibility and optical properties.1,2
Changes in filler type, amount, shape, and size, as well as
* Corresponding author at: Oscar Ferreira Street, # 362, Santa Maria, RS 97095-490, Brazil. Tel.: +55 55 99012490/+55 53 81157654.
E-mail address: marinakaizer@terra.com.br (M.d.R. Kaizer).
0300-5712/$ see front matter # 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2012.04.014
improvements in chemical composition, such as structural

monomer changes, are frequently presented by manufacturers. Promising to decrease shrinkage, was recently introduced a commercial silorane-based composite resin. Silorane
is a cationic ring-opening hybrid monomer system based on a
combination of oxiranes and siloxanes. Compared to methacrylates, siloranes present significantly lower water sorption
combined with a smaller hydro-solubility.3,4
As an aesthetic restorative material, resin composites
should demonstrate persistent color match. Human enamel
presents an inherent translucency; therefore, it is important
that those materials exhibit and maintain that characteristic
to accomplish a long-term natural mimetic with the surrounding tooth structure. Translucency instability and
changes in the optical properties of composite resins have
been related to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Some of the
intrinsic factors studied are resin matrix composition,58 filler
particles,9 photo-initiator and inhibitor,10 polymerisation
degree,11 and quantity of opacifiers.12 On the other hand, a
few of the extrinsic factors that have been considered are
staining substances in contact with composite resin restorations,9,13 ultraviolet radiation,8 temperature changes,14 and
beverages.9,15
Although a reasonable number of researchers have
published studies on the performance of silorane-based
composites (SBC),1,1618 the majority of them have focused
on the mechanical properties. There are few studies on the
optical properties of SBC compared to methacrylate-based
composites (MBC). Furuse et al.5 stated that SBC exhibited
better color stability and gloss retention. In contrast, Pires-deSouza et al.8 showed poor color stability for the same material.
Further, Perez et al.7 reported that SBC showed better
polymerisation-dependent chromatic stability and lower
translucency compared to six MBC tested. However, to date,
there are no published studies on the translucency stability of
SBC. In addition, given that the chemical composition of the
resin matrix influences the materials translucency,6 differences in the long-term behaviour of SBC and MBC can be
expected.
The translucency of composite materials is usually
measured by the translucency parameter (TP),7,12 a method
based on the CIE L*a*b* system. Defined as the color difference
of a material over a white and black background, it
corresponds to a common visual assessment of translucency.
If the material is absolutely opaque, the TP value is zero. The
higher the TP value, the more translucent the material. The
translucency might also be evaluated by the light transmis-
e65
sions density.6 Some spectrophotometers provide a percentage value, which is calculated by the equipment, called the
opacity percentage (OP). Yet, there are no published studies
that have examined the use of this method to investigate the
translucency of resin composites.
The present study aimed to verify whether the media type
and storage time had an effect on the translucency of a SBC
and compare its performance to two MBC. Another purpose
was to compare two methods of translucency evaluation: TP
and OP. The hypotheses tested were: (1) Composite resins with
distinct types of monomers would present different translucency performance. (2) The two methods of evaluating
translucency would present correlated results.
2.
Materials and methods
2.1.
Study design
This in vitro study involved a 2 3 4 factorial design (n = 7).

The factors under evaluation were: storage media (2 levels:
deionized water, or red wine), material (3 levels: Filtek P90,
Filtek Z350, or ROK), and time (4 levels: baseline, 24 h, 30 days,
or 180 days). The three commercial brands of composite resins
used in this study are described in Table 1. The same specimen
(each composite resin disc) for each storage condition, was
analyzed at all storage times (repeated measures approach).
The response variables were: TP, OP, and the CIE L*a*b*
parameters.
2.2.
Specimen preparation
Fourteen disc-shaped specimens were made of each composite resin. A stainless steel matrix with 2 mm thickness and a
central roll of 10 mm (diameter) was positioned over a glass
plate and a polyester strip. Composite resin was placed in one
increment into the matrix and covered by another polyester
strip to produce smoothness. Using a glass plate to apply
pressure for 10 s, the excess composite resin was extruded.
The specimen was photoactivated with a LED light source
(Flash Light Discus/Culver City, CA, USA) with approximately
800 mW/cm2, measured by a LED radiometer (Demetron
Kerr/Danbury, CT, USA) for 20 s through the glass plate, plus
20 s without it. The same previously trained operator, blinded
for the group each specimen belonged, polished the surface
with medium, fine, and extra-fine aluminium oxide abrasive
discs (Sof-Lex Pop On Orange series 3M ESPE/St. Paul, MN,
Table 1 Composite resins used in this study.

Materials
Type
Manufacturer
Composition (wt%)a
Lot
24% silorane-based matrix; 76% quartz and

ytterbium trifluoride filler (0.12 mm)
21.5% matrix based on bis-GMA, bis-EMA,
UDMA and TEGDMA; 78.5% silica nanoparticles
(20 nm) and zirconia/silica clusters
(0.61.4 mm primary particle 520 nm)
17.7% matrix of UDMA; 82.3% strontium-aluminium
silicate glass filler (40 nm to 2.5 mm)
N110333
Filtek P90
Silorane composite
3M ESPE/St. Paul, MN, USA
Filtek Z350
Nanoparticle methacrylate
composite
3M ESPE/St. Paul, MN, USA
ROK
Microhybrid methacrylate
composite
SDI/Bayswater, Victoria,
Australia
Information from the manufactures.
N107171
090647
e66
USA) for 20 s per disc. A felt disc (Diamond Flex FGM/Joinvile,

SC, Brazil) with extra-fine (24 mm) diamond paste (Diamond
Excel FGM/Joinvile, SC, Brazil) was also used for 20 s per disc
to apply the final polish. Between each of the four steps of the
polishing procedure (three Sof-Lex discs and felt disc), the
specimen was washed in running water for 30 s.
2.3.
Storage conditions and CIE L*a*b* readings
Immediately after the polishing procedure, the 14 specimens

of each composite resin were randomly divided into two
groups according to the storage media: deionized water and
red wine with a pH of 3.4 and 10.5% in volume of alcohol
(Chalise/Salton/Bento Goncalves, RS, Brazil). The specimens
were kept in an amber glass pot, hermetically sealed, and filled
with 4 mL of the respective solution at 37 8C during the course
of this study. The immersion media was renewed weekly. The
CIE L*a*b* parameters were measured immediately after the
polish procedure and after 24 h, 30 days, and 180 days. The L*,
a* and b* parameters of the specimens were measured over
white (L* = 93.07, a* = 1.28, b* = 5.25) and black (L* = 27.94,
a* = 0.01, b* = 0.03) Munsell-like neutral value scale sheet
backgrounds (AG-5330, BYK Gardner, USA) with a spectrophotometer (SP60 EX-Rite/Grand Rapids, MI, USA), in reflectance
mode, using CIE L*a*b* system (Comission International
LEclairage).
The OPACITY mode of the spectrophotometer was selected, and it staid plugged in a voltage stabilizer during all the
measures to prevent variations in light intensity. First of all the
spectrophotometer was calibrated accordingly the manufacture indications. All readings were taken in three steps: (1) the
specimen was positioned over the black background and the
parameters LB, aB and bB were measured; (2) the specimen was
positioned over the white background and the parameters Lw,
aw and bw were measured; (3) the withe background was
measured without the specimen to the spectrophotometer
calculate the opacity percentage. This sequence was repeated
three times for each specimen and the median of those three
readings was used into the analysis.
2.4.
Translucency evaluation methods
Method 1translucency parameter (TP): calculated using the

following formula:
1=2
TP Lw LB 2 aw aB 2 bw bB 2
where Lw , aw and bw were measured over white background,
and LB , aB and bB were measured over black background.
Method 2opacity percentage (OP): this value is automatically calculated by the spectrophotometer that was used in
this research (SP60). It is based on the difference (in
percentage) between the total light reflected from the white
background and the light reflected throughout the specimen
over the two backgrounds. It was conducted with the
previously described readings in three steps: (1) specimen
over black background; (2) specimen over white background;
(3) white background. There was no need of post-measures
calculation by the researchers.
2.5.
Statistical analyses
Data were analyzed with the statistical program SigmaStat

version 3.5 (Systat Software Inc., Germany). The TP, OP, and
CIE L*, a* and b* (over black background) were submitted to a
two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA)
(material storage time) separately for the groups stored in
deionized water or red wine. Prior to the ANOVA, the data of L*
parameter for the groups stored in red wine were submitted to
rank transformation. All pairwise multiple comparison procedures were conducted using Tukeys test. The correlation
between the TP and OP was examined using Pearsons
correlation. The significance level was set at 5%.
3.
Results
3.1.
Translucency behaviour for the groups stored in
deionized water
Results of the TP and OP for the groups stored in deionized
water are shown in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. For both
analyses, the factors material and time and the interaction
between them were statistically significant ( p < 0.001). In
general, for the SBC, there was a significant increase in
translucency over time. While for the MBC, it was noted that
Z350 showed a decrease in translucency until 30 days, after
which it remained stable. The ROK did not present any
tendency over time. Comparing the different materials, in
general, P90 presented higher translucency, followed by ROK
and Z350, which were different from each other.
3.2.
wine
Translucency behaviour for the groups stored in red
Results of the TP and OP for the groups stored in red wine are
shown in Tables 4 and 5, respectively. For both analyses, the
Table 2 Means (SD) of translucency parameter (TP) for the groups stored in water, n = 7.
Material
Storage time
Baseline
Filtek P90
Filtek Z350
ROK
D,a
11.68 (0.30)
11.41 (0.14)A,a
11.62 (0.21)B,a
24 h
30 days
C,a
12.11 (0.16)
11.03 (0.16)B,c
11.74 (0.27)B,b
B,a
13.03 (0.74)
10.72 (0.20)C,c
11.93 (0.28)A,b
180 days
13.44 (0.16)A,a
10.64 (0.14)C,c
11.57 (0.37)B,b
Distinct uppercase letters in the same line indicate differences for storage time; distinct lowercase letters in the same column indicate
differences for material ( p < 0.05).
e67
Table 3 Means (SD) of opacity percentage (OP) for the groups stored in water, n = 7.
Material
Storage time
Baseline
Filtek P90
Filtek Z350
ROK
A,c
76.73 (0.23)
79.14 (0.26)C,a
77.70 (0.28)B,b
24 h
30 days
B,c
C,c
76.06 (0.22)
79.79 (0.29)B,a
77.77 (0.39)B,b
74.13 (0.31)
80.19 (0.22)A,a
78.27 (0.32)A,b
180 days
73.43 (0.31)D,c
80.20 (0.20)A,a
77.87 (0.26)B,b
Table 4 Means (SD) of translucency parameter (TP) for the groups stored in red wine, n = 7.
Material
Filtek P90
Filtek Z350
ROK
Storage time
Baseline
24 h
30 days
180 days
11.76 (0.19)A,a
11.42 (0.31)A,a
11.93 (0.35)A,a
10.28 (0.40)B,a
8.51 (0.66)B,b
8.33 (1.63)B,b
8.69 (0.50)C,a
5.70 (0.82)C,c
6.86 (1.11)C,b
7.02 (0.74)D,a
5.07 (0.67)C,b
5.91 (0.92)D,b
factors material and time and the interaction between them

were significant ( p < 0.001). In general, for all materials, there
was a significant decrease in translucency until 30 days. Filtek
Z350 stayed stable after 30 days, whereas the other composites
kept decreasing in translucency. Comparing the different
materials, in general, Filtek P90 presented higher translucency
than the other composites.
3.3.
Correlation between TP and OP
Based on the Pearsons correlation test, the data showed that

there was a strong and significant negative relationship
between the TP and OP for Filtek P90 stored in water
(r = 0.999, p = 0.001), Filtek P90 stored in red wine
(r = 0.995, p = 0.004), Filtek Z350 stored in water (r = 0.991,
p = 0.009), Filtek Z350 stored in red wine (r = 0.994, p = 0.006),
and ROK stored in red wine (r = 0.986, p = 0.014). For the group
in which ROK was stored in water, there was no significant
correlation (r = 0.807, p = 0.193).
3.4.
Variation of the CIE L*a*b* parameters for the groups
stored in deionized water
Results of the CIE L*a*b* parameter for all groups are shown in
Fig. 1. For all of the analyses, the factors material and time and
the interaction between them were significant ( p < 0.001). In
general, results of the L* parameter showed significantly

higher values for P90 during evaluation times. Both MBC
presented smaller L* values at 180 days than at baseline,
whereas P90 showed a higher value at the final evaluation.
Given the results of the a* parameter, it was possible to notice
that P90 presented a* values at the negative segment of the a*
axis, and those values significantly decreased over time,
whereas Z350 and ROK showed positive a* values that were
different from P90s values and from each others values.
Those values significantly increased over time. Filtek Z350
showed the higher a* values during this study. The b* values
were significantly higher for P90. Between the MBC, the b*
values were initially higher for Z350, although they became
similar at 30 days and higher for ROK at 180 days.
3.5.
Variation of the CIE L*a*b* parameters for the groups
stored in red wine
Results of the CIE L*a*b* parameter for all groups are shown in
Fig. 1. For all of the analyses, the factors material and time and
the interaction between them were significant ( p < 0.001). The
results of the L* parameter showed similar results for the MBC
and significantly higher values for P90 during evaluation
times. The L* parameter tended to decrease over time, an
effect that was significantly less intense for P90. Given the
values of the a* parameter, those were significantly higher for
Table 5 Means (SD) of opacity percentage (OP) for the groups stored in red wine, n = 7.
Material
Filtek P90
Filtek Z350
ROK
Storage time
Baseline
24 h
30 days
180 days
77.03 (0.27)D,b
79.14 (0.29)C,a
77.16 (0.40)D,b
79.88 (0.29)C,c
84.92 (0.37)B,a
82.89 (0.38)C,b
81.64 (0.15)B,c
89.42 (0.29)A,a
88.02 (0.32)B,b
84.45 (0.32)A,b
89.55 (0.26)A,a
89.90 (0.29)A,a
e68
[(Fig._1)TD$IG]
Fig. 1 Line charts showing the behaviour of CIE L*, a*, and b* measured over a black background throughout the evaluation
time. The top two present the L* parameter results for the groups stored in water (right) and red wine (left). The middle two
present the a* parameter for the groups stored in water (right) and red wine (left). The bottom two present the b* parameter
for the groups stored in water (right) and red wine (left).
Z350 in general. All composites presented smaller a* values at

baseline than at 180 days. Given the results of the b*
parameter, it was possible to notice that P90 showed a
significant decrease over time. The MBC showed a significant
increase in b* values over time, an effect that was significantly
more intense for Z350.
4.
Discussion
In the present study, SBCs translucency behaved differently

than MBC, which allowed us to accept our first hypothesis.
Also, there were differences in translucency between the MBC.
This difference was expected, based on their different matrix
composition. This variation might be related to disparities in
translucency.6 Siloranes have been shown to be stable and
insoluble in aqueous biological fluids, even in the presence of
tetrahydrofurane (THF).4 Further, no monomers were found to

leach from SBC in water and ethanol solution.19 On the other
hand, the MBC present hydrolytic degradation,20 and different
substances were leached from commercial resin composites
with resin matrix based on methacrylates.21 Therefore,
changes in translucency over time in MBC, might possibly
occur due to alterations in the monomer matrix.
Results showed that Filtek P90, the SBC material, became
more translucent over time when stored in water, a trend that
was not observed for the MBC. It is well documented that the
translucency of a restorative material depends on absorption
and scattering.22,23 In dental resin composites, the absorption
is produced by the organic matrix, whereas scattering is due to
the refractive index mismatch between the organic matrix and
the filler particles,22 filler size, distribution, and load.23
Although no type of monomer was released when a SBC
was immersed in an aqueous solution, the possible leaching of
onium salt from the initiator system of this composite was

highlighted.19 The non-reacted onium salt have being related
to the formation of amine radical.24 This oxidized tertiary
amine works as pigment in the resin matrix.25 However, if
those components are leached from the matrix, it could result
in decrease of optical density and, consequently, decreased
translucency. It is important to point out that SBC seems to
lose many quartz particles, which leaves doubts about the
efficacy of the modified silane and the resultant longevity of
the bond between the epoxy silorane matrix and quartz.8
Because the quality of bonding between silane and filler can
influence water uptake,26 and the presence of microcracks and
microvoids at the interface between the filler and matrix are
the most likely penetration pathway for water.9 Those
considerations might have some influence on the refractive
index mismatch, and optical density; and it might contribute
to the translucency behaviour of SBC. Further studies of the
absorption and scattering of that kind of composite should be
performed to provide a better understanding of this matter.
Translucency differences among the MBC materials investigated in the present study likely resulted from differences in
components. It is important to highlight their differences
regarding organic matrix composition: Filtek Z350 has a
combination of bis-GMA, bis-EMA, UDMA, and TEGDMA,
whereas ROK is based only on UDMA (according to the
manufacturers). The baseline TP values of the two materials
were not statistically different, although a composite with a
mixture of methacrylates containing bis-GMA, such as Z350,
should present a smaller refractive index mismatch than a
composite based on UDMA only6; consequently, it should
show higher translucency. This is because the refractive
indexes of bis-GMA, UDMA, and TEGDMA are 1.55, 1.48, and
1.46, respectively, whereas fillers, such those containing
strontium (like in ROK) and zirconium (like in Z350), have a
refractive index of approximately 1.55.27 Therefore, the results
of this study could be explained by the fact that the
translucency of composites is not only a matter of matrix
and filler composition, but it is also related to minor pigment
additions and potentially by all other chemical components of
these materials. It was also verified that, when stored in water,
ROK was more translucent and stable than Z350, which
became more opaque. Another factor that contributes to
composites translucency changes is the susceptibility to
water sorption,15 which indicates the materials susceptibility
to hydrolytic degradation. Consistent with the findings of this
study, it is known that composites that contain TEGDMA, such
as Z350, present higher degradation in aqueous media than
those that are UDMA-based, such as ROK.28
On the other hand, when stored in red wine, all materials
increased their opacity over time. These results are consistent
with those of Colucci et al.,29 as immersion time increased,
optical properties changes became more intense, interaction
between the chemicals and the resin increased, and improved
penetration of staining substances into the resin potentially
increased its optical density and, consequently, decreased its
translucency. In the present work, the specimens remained
immersed in red wine during the roll time of the study, the
same protocol has been reported by Barutcigil and Yldz30 It is
important to point out that this substance has low pH (3.4)
associated to alcohol on its composition (10.5%), and has been
e69
described with higher pigmentation potential than other

beverages30; the pH of the solution seems to affect degradation
of composites materials, probably in terms of matrix decomposition and filler leakage.31 Further, if sorption increased, the
retention of dyes can be favoured. The alcohol content of
substances in contact with composite resin may cause the
matrix to soften,32 acting as a facilitating agent for dye
penetration into the resin. SBC have shown good chemical
stability when exposed to aqueous and alcoholic environments,4 as well as lower water sorption, solubility, diffusion
coefficient,3 and minor effects of erosive and/or abrasive
attack.17 Those findings are consistent with those of the
present study that the increases in opacity were significantly
less intense for Filtek P90 than for the MBC. Also, in general,
higher TP values were observed in P90 for the conditions
studied.
The optical properties of composite materials can be
determined visually and instrumentally. However, this second
approach is an objective method and more precise than visual
assessment, making it the preferred method for research
purposes.33 In the present study, a new instrumental method
to measure translucency, OP, was compared to TP. It was
found that they were highly correlated. Because TP is a
method that is well described and usually the one chosen in
the scientific literature, it could be considered as a reference.
Therefore, based on the high correlation values found in the
present work, we considered OP to be precise as TP. We also
considered OP to be an easier method, as it does not require
calculations, minimizing errors. Further studies must be
performed to assess the correlation of OP to other methods
to evaluate translucency, such as light transmission, which
have also been shown to be highly correlated with TP.34
CIE L*, a*, and b* measured over a black background showed
a higher correlation with the TP than the values assessed over
a white background,35 reason why, in this work, only the
behaviour of the CIE L*, a*, and b* measured over a black
background were analyzed. Of the three parameters, CIE L*
showed to be highly and positively correlated with TP values.35
In accordance with those findings, in this work, SBC showed
the highest lightness and TP values among the materials
tested. When this composite was stored in water, the final
translucency and the final L* value were higher than the
baseline values. A similar increase in CIE L* for this SBC was
observed by Furuse et al.5 and Barutcigil and Yldz30 For the
MBC, the final values were lower than baseline values. Filtek
Z350 presented lower translucency as well. However, ROK did
not demonstrate this tendency35 to decrease translucency,
given that its L* value decreased over time. On the other hand,
when stored in red wine, all materials decreased in lightness,
an effect that was less intense for P90. Once again, all
materials became more opaque; this effect was also less
intense for P90, as suggested by the correlation described by
Yu and Lee.35
The TP values have a negative correlation with the color
parameters over a black background. Therefore, translucency
decreases as the color parameter increases.35 In accordance
with that, the SBC stored in water showed an increase in
translucency, whereas a* values decreased over time. Different results were observed by Furuse et al.,5 that reported CIE a*
increasing over time for the SBC. In addition, Filtek Z350
e70
presented a decrease in translucency and an increase in a*

values. C
elk et al.11 also found an increase in CIE a* for Filtek
Supreme XT, an equivalent material to Filtek Z350. Once again,
ROK did not have the same tendency35 and presented an
increase in a* values, yet its translucency did not decrease.
Given the b* parameter and water as a storage media, we did
not observe behaviours in accordance with the negative
correlation reported by Yu and Lee35 for Filtek P90 or ROK. The
SBC became more translucent and had the highest TP values;
while, its CIE b* was the highest and were not different
between baseline and final evaluation. The lack of change in b*
parameter was also observed by Furuse et al.5
Considering the behaviour of the color parameter
when the materials were stored in red wine, the three
composites tested presented an increase in CIE a*, whereas
their translucency decreased. These results were consistent
with the findings of Yu and Lee35 With regard to the b*
parameter, once again, the tendency for a negative correlation between color parameters and TP35 was not applicable
for all materials tested. The TP values of three of them
decreased, but only the MBC presented an increase in CIE b*.
Similarly, Nasim et al.9 observed an increase in CIE b* for
Filtek Z350.
It is important to report the effects of translucency of
recent composite resins that are commercially available, and
the lack of studies with a controlled chemical composition
and single-variation factor are necessary to shed light on
clinical performance of newer materials that are developed.
Therefore, it might be possible to identify the influence of
each component on the composites optical properties,
especially on their translucency including siloranes and
other monomers that are being considered for use in dental
resin composites.
Conclusions
SBC showed to more stable in red wine than MBC; in addition
SBC became more translucent and MBC more opaque when
stored in water. Which indicates that the kind of monomer in
the resin matrix, seemed to be an important factor for
composite resins translucency behaviour. It could be also
noted that red wine had a different impact than deionized
water on the translucency of the composite resins tested; yet
both media affected this property. In addition, the longest
storage time had the greatest impact of translucency. The OP
method and the TP can measure translucency behaviour
similarly.
Conflict of interest statement

The authors would like to state no conflict of interest.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the support of
Vigodent, 3M ESPE, FGM, and SDI for the donation of the
materials for this work.
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