@) CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level HISTORY 2171/02 (FOR CANDIDATES IN BRUNE!) Paper 2 October/November 2003 2 hours 15 minutes Additional Materials: Answer Booklel/Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST if you have been given an Answer Booklet, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. ‘Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper. You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, or rough working. : Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glué or correction fluid. Answer four questions. You must afiswer Question 1 and one other question from Section A, one question from Section B and one question from Section C.. At the end of the examination, fasten all your work secuirely together. ee 2 ‘The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. ae Sa eee ae a This document consists of 6 printed pages and 2 blank pages. Baer ia University of CaMBrince | ©cIE 2008, nations Syadic [Turn over |Section A History of Brunei 1800-1967 Answer Question 1 and one other question from this section. 1 Read the extracts and then answer the questions which follow. (a) (b) (c) (a) (e) The reign of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III 1950-67 Extract A: Political Developments 1950-67 In the reign of Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien-ttI-two-important-matters-relating-to-the —————— government of Brunei were dealt with. Firstly, there was the acceptance of a written Constitution in 1959 and, secondly, there was the proposal that Brunei should become a member of Malaysia. In the new Constitution of 1959, the Sultan kept all his authority in the government. 5 Five important new councils were created. The Constitution marked the beginning of self-government. Brunei was responsible for all internal matters and the Sultan was the overall head of the government. Discussions were held in 1961-2 about forming a.united country of Malaysia to include Malaya, Singapore, Brunei, Sabah and Sarawak. When the time came to 10 sign the agreement, Brunei did not join because the Sultan did not agree with some of the arrangements. When Malaysia’ was formed in 1963, Brunei wasynot part of it. Extract B: The achievements of Sultan Omar All Saifuddien III There were many achievements in the period 1950 to 1967 and much progress was made. One of the greatest achievements was the signing of the 1959 Constitutional ‘Agreement. There were many others too. 15 Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III was concerned about the welfare of his subjects. The well being of all of them was important to the Sultan but the less fortunate were specially taken care of through various welfare provisions. The Sultan also strengthened the position of the Malay language and Islam. ( Name three ‘important new councils’ created by the 1959 Constitution (Extract A, line 8). [3] !n what ways did the 1959 Constitution mark ‘the beginning of self-government’ (Extract A, lines 6-7)? [4] Why did Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III decide that Brunei should not be part of Malaysia (Extract A, lines 11-12)? [4] How were the less fortunate ‘specially taken care of’. (Extract B, lines 17-18) in this period (1950-67)? [6] How was the position of Islam strengthened by Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Ill (Extract B, lines 18-19)? [8]i) 2. The reign of Sultan Hashim Aqamaddin 1885-1906. (a) Name three British government representatives who were involved with Brunei during the reign of Sultan Hashim Aqamaddin. (3) {b) Why did Charles Brooke seize Limbang in 1890? (4) (c) How did Sultan Hashim show his anger at the loss of Limbang? 4] (a) Why was the Protectorate Agreement made in 18887 3} (e) Describe the changes made in the way that Brunei was governed by the Supplementary Protectorate Agreements of 1905-6. [8] 3 Economic and Social Developments 1906-41. (a) Identify three problems which affected the cutch industry in Brunei before 1941 13) (b) What was done to improve health in Brunei between 1906 and 1941? (4) (c) Why was the Muara coal mine closed down? [4] (@)_ What developments took’place in education in Brunei from 1906 to 1941? (6) (2) Describe the development of the rubber industry in Brunei until the 1990s. (8) 2yrimaronwas [Turn over4 4 Section B History of Malaya 1800-1963 Answer either Question 4 or Question 5. The Straits Settlements, 1824-1867. (a) Name the three territories of the Straits Settlements. (3) (b) What changes were made in the government of the Straits Settlements between 1830 and 1858? (4) (c) Why did the people of the Straits Settlements want to end their links with the Indian government? [6] (a) Why did the Straits Settlements have problems with Chinese secret societies? [4] (e) Describe the development of the trade of the Straits Settlements from 1824 to 1867. 8] Political Developments in Malaya, 1948-1957. (a) Name the three parties which made up the Alliance Party when the 1955 national election was held. . [3] (©) Why-did the Malays support the formation ofthe Federation of Malaya in19487 {6} (c) Why was the Member System introduced in 19517 (4) (d). What did the Reid Commission do?. [4] (e) Why-was Tunku Abdul Rahman important in the politics of the Federation of Malaya from 1951 to 19572 [3]6 ter 5 Section C History of Southeast Asia 1800-1950 Answer one question from this section, Indonesia: the Ethical Policy. (a) Identify three criticisms of the Liberal Policy. (3) (b) What was the Ethical Policy? [4] (c) What was done to develop education afteri9007—SOsSC*=~CS* a ~ [4] (a) How was agriculture improved under the Ethical Policy? 6] (e) Explain the failures of the Ethical Policy. (8) Thailand: In war and peace, 1941-1950. {a)_Name three territories regained by Thailand as a result of allying with Japan. (3] (b) How was the economy of Thailand affected by the alliance with Japan? [4] (c)_Why did Pibul Songgram resign as Prime Minister of Thailand in 19442 eer (qd) How did Thaiiarid restore rélations with the victorious Allies between 1944 and 1947? [6] (e) Explain the political events in Thailand 1945-8 which led to Pibul Songgram becoming Prime Minister again. ” 8] The Philippines: Filipino reactions against Spanish rule. (a) Name three Filipinos who were critical of Spanish rule. {3} (b) How were Filipino priests discriminated againsi under Spanish rule? (4) (c) What happened in the Cavite Mutiny of 18727” (4) (a) Explain the ideas and actions of the Propaganda movement. (8) (@) Describe the activities of the Katipunan movement. (6)