UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level HISTORY 2171/02 Paper 2 October/November 2006 2 hours 15 minutes Additional Materials: Answer Booklet/Paper READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST If you have been given an Answer Book‘et, follow the instructions on the front cover of the Booklet. Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may,use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs, or. rough working. : Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Answer four questions. ‘You must answer Question 1'and one other question from Section A, one questio\ from Section B and one question from Seetion.C. At the end of the examination, fasten alt your work securely together. ‘The number of marks is given in brackets.[ ] at the end of each question or part question. | This document consists of § printed pages and 3 blank pages. see On ES UNIVERSITY of CAMBRIDGE | euctes 2co6 a:9 Incernational Examina2 Section A History of Brunei, 1800-1967 Answer Question 1 and one other question from this section. 1 Read the extracts and then answer the questions which follow. The Japanese Occupation and its Effects to 1950 Extract A: The Japanese Occupation and its Effects on Society The Japanese occupied Brunei from 1941 to 1945. During that time, the lives of Bruneians were badly affected. One way was through the process of Nipponisation. The people also suffered through cruelty, fear and neglect. However, there was also an influence on the development of nationalism. After the defeat of the Japanese, there was much to do in dealing with the effects of 2 war and occupation, Post-war reconstruction went on for many years. Extract B: After the War The return of the British did not mean the end of problems for the people of Brunei, The actions of the British Military Administration caused objections from the nationalists in particular, influencing the growth of national consciousntss. Dealings with the-British government. also caused some difficulties. Instead of - 10 returning to the arrangements which existed before the war, the British proposed setting up a British North Borneo Federation. This was put into action in 1948, but only after discussions. with. the Sultan.and meetings. throughout Brunei to. explain how the changes would affect the government and people. {a) Give three ways in which the Japanese Occupation influenced ‘the development of nationalism: (Extract A, line 4.) 8] (b) In what ways were the lives of Bruneians ‘badly affected’ during the Japanese occupation? (Extract A, line 2.) . » (8) (c) Describe how ‘the effects of war and occupation’ were dealt with after Japan was defeated. (Extract A, lines 5-6.) {6} (d)_ Why was it that ‘The actions of the British Military Administration caused objections’? (Extract B, line 8.) (4) (e) Why did the plan to set up a British North Borneo Federation need discussions and explanation? (Extract B, lines 12-14.) (4) @UCLES 2006 21/1702/0/N/082 Increased Western Interest in Brunei (a) Give three reasons why Sultan Abdul Momin made a Treaty with Charles Lee Moses. [3] {b) Why did Baron Overbeck make an agreement with the Sultan of Sulu in 1878? 4] {c) Why did the Dutch and Spanish object to the British North Borneo Company's activities in North Borneo? 4] (a) Describe the activities of the British North Borneo Company after 1881. (6) {e) Why was the Oath of Amanat declared in 1885? {8] 3. Economic and Social Developments 1906-41 {a) Give three responsibilities of the Residents after the 1905-6 Supplementary Protectorate Agreement. (3} (b) What improvements in communications and the police were made between 1906 and 1941? (4) (c). How did state revenue increase after 1905-6? : (4) (4) Why did the population of Brunei increase? (6) (e) Bescribe the development of education in Brunei before 1941. (8) @UCLES 2006 2ITOZONICS [Turn over4 Section B History of Malaya, 1800-1963 Answer either Question 4 or Question 5. 4 — Economic and Social Developments in Malaya (a) Name three countries from which workers came to work in the Malayan tin and rubber industries. 3) (b) Why did the world demand for rubber grow? (4) (c) How did H.N. Ridley help to develop the rubber industry in Malaya? (6) (a) Describe the development of the Malayan tin industry before 1914. [8] (e) Why did the tin industry have problems in the 1930s? (4) 5 The rise of Nationalism and the Malayan Union, 1946-8 (a) Give three ways in which Malays protested against the formation of the Malayan Union. [3] (b) What was the Malayan Union? ) (4) (c) Why’did the Malays object to thé Malayan Unioh? © > oe (6) (d)_ Why did Singapore remain a separate British colony from 1946? [4] (e) How was the Malayan Union ended?. : 8] ©UCLES 2006 217 12IOMIOE5 Section C History of Southeast Asia, 1800-1950 Answer one question from this section. 6 Indonesia: Java War and the Culture System (a) Name three people involved in the Java War. (b) How were the Dutch affected by the Java War? (c) What benefits did the Dutch obtain from the Culture System? (a) Describe how the Indonesians were affected by the Culture System. (e) Why was the Culture System disliked by some people in Holland? 7 Thailand: King Chulalongkorn and the modernisation of Siam {a) Name three territories lost to France or Britain while Chulalongkorn was King. (3] (4) (4] [8] (6) [3] (b) How did Chulalongkorn encourage greater contact between himself, as King, and his people? , (c) How did’ Chulalongkorn deal with the issue of slavery? (d) Explain why Chulalongkorn employed westerners to help in his government. (e) Describe the development of education while Chulalongkorn was King. 8 Philippines: The American Occupation [4] [4] (6) [8] (a) After 1900, a number of Departments or organisations were set up by the government to improve people's lives. Name three of them. (b) Why did the United States become involved in fighting in the Philippines in 1898? (c) How did the United States forces defeat the Filipinos in 1900-1? (4) Why did the Americans keep control of the Philippines? (e) How did the USA govern the Philippines up to 1913? ©UCLES 2006 2I7VO2IORWIOG [3] (4) [6] (4) [8]