Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
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I.
ISSN 2394-0573
Page 69
Energy
ConsumingnSectors
Industrial
Domestic
Agriculture
Transportation
Scope
of
Improvement
25%
30%
30%
20%
Problem Formulation
In RGTPP Khedar, 600 MW units is
consideration for energy Audit for Energy Audit
and Efficiencies of main sub-units as like Boiler,
Turbine and generator, Condenser & Heater are
calculated and compared are different loads
which highlights in NTPC 210MW units energy
efficiency has to be improved to survive in
Global Market.
Efficiency of any plant or equipment is the ratio
of output to its input, expressed as percentage.
Output and input are expressed in same physical
units. The output is the electrical energy sent to
the grid and input is the heat energy of the fuel
fired in boiler.
Overall station efficiency =
Output of Station
X 100
Input of Station
= Energy sent out (KW)
______
Fuel burnt (Kg) x Calorific value of fuel (K
Cal/Kg)
ISSN 2394-0573
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ISSN 2394-0573
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Condition
Superheat
Steam
Steam
Outlet
HPT
and Superheat
Inlet Re-heater
Steam
Steam Outlet Re-heater and Superheat
inlet IPT
Steam
Superheat
Steam Outlet IPT and inlet LPT
Steam
6th Extraction HPT and inlet Superheat
HPH6
Steam
Steam Inlet HPT
Water
Superheat
Steam
Water
Superheat
Steam
Pressure
(bar)
Tem.
(0C)
Flow
Enthalpy
(T/Hr) (KJ/Kg)
Energy
(MW)
161
538
835
3586
831.75
31.6
326
735
3090
630.88
28.6
522
675
3529
661.69
360
600
3190
531.66
31.5
320
100
3025
84.027
20
205
100
2007.6
55.76
16.6
453
60
3389
56.48
6.5
171
100
1864.8
51.8
4.5
317
20
3078
1.71
17
2910
1.37
10.85
Water
Superheat
Steam
122.4
0.9
Water
Superheat
Steam
120
-1.5
14
ISSN 2394-0573
233
97
1650.6
23
47
1554
9.85
1344
0.08
45
505
1335.6
187.36
0.08
40
505
1314.6
184.41
11
45
600
1335.6
222.6
10.5
71
600
1444.8
240.8
Page 72
Sr.
No.
19
20
Description
Condensate Outlet
and Inlet LPH3
Condensate Outlet
and Inlet Dearator
LPH2
LPH3
Condition
Pressure
(bar)
Tem.
(0C)
Flow
(T/Hr)
Enthalpy
(KJ/Kg)
Energy
(MW)
Water
11.8
115
600
789.9
253.41
Water
11.9
151
600
798.4
273.01
21
BFP Inlet
Water
9.2
169
718
746.8
362.7
22
Water
184.5
173
718
1756.5
363.54
Water
184
205
718
1754
352.66
Water
184
236
718
1754
428.04
Water
179.5
321
718
1734.8
434.74
522.69
23
24
25
Condensate Outlet
and Inlet HPH6
Condensate Outlet
and Inlet Economizer
Feed Water Inlet
HPH5
HPH6
Drum
26
Steam
176.04
365
718
820
27
Steam
172.05
408
718
860
28
Steam
Heater
Steam
168.7
490
718
898
674.3
29
Flue Gas
-10
635
800
3813.6
847.46
Flue Gas
-7
620
800
3750.6
833.46
Flue Gas
-0.08
950
800
5136.6
1141.46
30
31
Inlet
Flue
Gas
Super Heater
Flue
Gas
Super-heater
Final
Super
Inlet
Final
Inlet
Platen
32
Flue Gas
-0.4
861
800
4762.8
1058.39
33
Flue Gas
-0.65
433
800
2965.2
658.93
34
Flue Gas
93.7
313.8
800
1356
529.19
35
Flue Gas
101.4
121.7
800
2727
392
36
SA Inlet APH
Air
145.6
32
800
2629
526.39
37
SA Inlet Boiler
Air
240
272
850
2289
540.45
38
PA Inlet APH
Air
615
36.5
142
1299.9
51.27
39
PA Inlet Boiler
Air
615
292
142
2373
93.59
40
Coal
41
42
Cold
Water
Inlet
to
Water
Condenser
Hot Water Outlet From
Water
Condenser
ISSN 2394-0573
228
6
30
40000
1272.6
14139.99
37
40000
1302
14466.67
Page 73
Data Analysis
Data Analysis of plant at 480 MW
Boiler Section
Inlet in Boiler
(1)At (40) Coal = 228T/hr
= 228 x 1000/3600 =63.33 Kg./Sec.
Calorific Value = (C.V) of Coal = 3350 K
Cal/Kg
Energy = 3350 x 63.33 x 4.2/1000 = 891.05
MW
(ii) At (2) Energy
= 630.875 MW
(iii)At (24) Energy = 349.825 MW
Outlet from Boiler
(iv) At (1) Energy = 831.75 MW
(v) At (3) Energy = 661.69 MW
(vi) Flue Gases (These are not taken in
consideration)
Total Inlet = (i) + (ii) + (iii)
= 891.05 + 630.875 + 349.825
= 1871.75 MW
Total Outlet = (IV) + (v) + (VI)
= 831.75 + 661.69 + 0
= 1553.4 MW
Loss in Boiler = Inlet Outlet = 1871.75
1553.4
= 318.35 MW
Efficiency of Boiler = 1553.4x 100/ 1871.75
= 82.99 %
Section Turbine & Gen.
(i) HPT Inlet (1) = 831.75 MW
Outlet (2) + (5) = 630.87 + 84.027
= 714.89 MW
Net Energy at HPT = 831.75 714.89
= 116.86 MW
(ii)
(iii)
= T18 T17
T 13 T17
= 71 - 45
97 45
= 0.50
LPH2 Effectiveness
= T19 T18
T 11 T18
= 89 - 71
218 71
= 0.12
LPH3 Effectiveness
= T20 T19
T 9 T19
= 117 - 89
303 89
= 0.13
HPH5 Effectiveness
= T23 T22
T 7 T22
= 196 - 161
420 161
= 0.135
HPH6 Effectiveness
= T24 T23
T 5 T23
= 238 - 196
9.93
= 13.01 MW
Net Energy at LPT = 531.66 13.01
= 518.65 MW
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Output
of
Input of Station
Energy sent out (KW)
.
Fuel burnt (Kg) x Calorific value of
fuel (K Cal/kg)
Fuel burnt (Coal)
= 114 T/ Hr
= 31.67 Kg/Sec
C.V = 4860 K Cal/kg
= 4860 x 4.2
= 20412 KW
Heat Input = 20412 x 31.67/1000 = 646.45 MW
Overall Efficiency of Plant =
232
x
100/646.45
= 35.89%
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Page 75
Description
Condition
Superheat
Steam
Superheat
Steam
Superheat
Steam
Superheat
Steam
Superheat
Steam
Water
Superheat
Steam
Water
Superheat
Steam
2
3
7
8
9
10
11
12
150
540
150
150
540
38
340
38
38
340
38
540
38
38
540
38
340
38
38
340
184
246
184
184
246
42
326
42
42
326
189
200
189
189
200
1.7
220
1.7
1.7
220
123
123
100
-0.28
-0.28
100
Water
-0.6
94
-0.6
-0.6
94
-0.376
76
-0.376
-0.376
76
14
Water
15
Superheat
Steam
ISSN 2394-0573
Energy
(MW)
-0.28
Superheat
Steam
18
Flow Enthalpy
(T/Hr) (KJ/Kg)
Superheat
Steam
17
Tem.
(0C)
Water
13
16
Pressure
(bar)
50
50
0.0945
45
0.0945
0.0945
45
0.1
36
0.1
0.1
36
11.8
50
11.8
11.8
50
11.8
72
11.8
11.8
72
Page 76
Description
Condensate Outlet LPH2
and Inlet LPH3
Condensate Outlet LPH3
and Inlet Dearator
Condition
Pressure
(bar)
Tem.
(0C)
Water
150
540
Water
38
340
38
540
21
BFP Inlet
Water
22
Water
23
24
25
Boiler Section
Flow
(T/Hr)
Enthalpy
(KJ/Kg)
Energy
(MW)
3414.6
652
2574.6
466.2887
786
3414.6
745.521
1146.6
2574.6
2179.8
475.923
Water
38
340
Water
184
246
Water
42
326
2515.8
786
26
Steam
189
200
27
Steam
1.7
220
28
Steam
123
29
Flue Gas
-0.28
100
1566.6
Flue Gas
-0.6
94
1541.4
Flue Gas
-0.376
76
1465.8
50
1356.6
30
31
32
Flue Gas
33
Flue Gas
0.0945
45
1335.6
34
Flue Gas
0.1
36
1297.8
35
Flue Gas
11.8
50
1356.6
36
SA Inlet APH
Air
11.8
72
1449
313.95
37
SA Inlet Boiler
Air
200
290
2364.6
38
PA Inlet APH
Air
800
36
1297.8
54.075
39
PA Inlet Boiler
Air
700
278
2314.2
40
Coal
41
42
780
150
142
Water
35
1293.6
Water
46
1339.8
Page 77
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
At (2) Energy
At (24) Energy
MW
= 482.74 MW
= 428.04
= 436.11 MW
= 13.45 +
= 33.03 MW
= 436.11 33.03
= 403.08 MW
Net Input at Turbine (HPT, IPT & LPT)
= 167.05 + 166.28 + 403.08
= 736.41 MW
Efficiency of Turbo Generator
= 232 x 100/ 736.41
= 31.50 %
Net Energy at LPT
Section Condenser:
Condenser Efficiency= Actual Cooling Water
Temp rise
Max Possible Temp. Rise
= (T18 T17) x100
T 13 T17
= (37 30) x100
45 30
= 46.67 %
Section Heaters (LP & HP)
LPH1 Effectiveness
= T18 T17
T 13 T17
= 71 - 45
97 45
= 0.50
LPH2 Effectiveness
= T19 T18
T 11 T18
= 89 - 71
218 71
= 0.12
LPH3 Effectiveness
= T20 T19
T 9 T19
= 117 - 89
303 89
= 0.13
HPH5 Effectiveness
= T23 T22
T 7 T22
= 196 - 161
420 161
= 0.135
HPH6 Effectiveness
= T24 T23
T 5 T23
= 238 - 196
330 196
= 0.31
Overall station efficiency
Station x 100
Output
Input of Station
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