DYNAMIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE

GENERATION SYSTEM FOR GRID

CONNECTION/ISLANDING OPERATION
A Project Report submitted in Partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

By
P.SANDHYA SAMERA
(08KD1A0233)

CH.HARIKA
(08KD1A0210)

B.NIRANANDAYOGI
(08KD1A0205)

P.TEJESWARA RAO
(08KD1A0245)

Under the esteemed guidance of

Sri B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI

Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(Approved by AICTE. Affiliated to JNTUK.)
Jonnada, Vizianagaram-535005.
2008-2012.

LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY
JOONADA: VIZIANAGARAM -535005.
Department of Electrical & Electronics

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project titled DYNAMIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE
GENERATION SYSTEM FOR GRID CONNECTED/ISLANDING OPERATION is the
bonafide

work

done

CH.HARIKA(08KD1A0210),

by

P.SANDHYA

SAMERA

B.NIRANANDA YOGI(08KD1A0205),

(08KD1A0233),
P.TEJESWARA

RAO(08KD1A0245) under the guidance of SRI B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI, in partial

fulfilment of the requirement for the award of B.Tech degree in the Department of Electrical
and

Electronics

Engineering,

LENDI

INSTITUTE

OF

ENGINEERING

AND

TECHNOLOGY , Visakhapatnam during the academic year 2008-2012.

Head of the Department

Project Guide

Prof.B.T.RAMAKRISHNA

SRI B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI

Associate professor

Assistant professor

Department of E.E.E

Department of E.E.E

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are greatly thankful and deeply indebted to our guide Sri.B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI,
Assistant Professor, LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, for
giving us an opportunity to work under her by giving valuable suggestions and kind
cooperation, guidance throughout the time.
We express our sincere thanks to Prof.B.T.RAMAKRISHNA, Head of the department,
Electrical and Electronics engineering, LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY Engineering College, for his cooperation and encouragement.
We are grateful to principal V.V.RAMA REDDY and management members, Visakhapatnam
for their encouragement.
We are very much grateful to all our faculty members and other teaching and non teaching
staff for their kind cooperation.
We wish to take this opportunity to express our deep gratitude to all our friends who have
extended their cooperation in various ways during the project work. It is our pleasure to
acknowledge the help of all those individuals. Finally we would like to thank our parents for
their encouragement and cooperation.

P.SANDHYA SAMERA(08KD1A0233)
CH.HARIKA (08KD1A0210)
B.NIRANANDA YOGI (08KD1A0205)
P.TEJESWARA RAO(08KD1A0245)

MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM

FOR GRID CONNECTION/ISLANDING
OPERATION

ABSTRACT

Distributed Generation (DG) is predicted to play an important role in electrical power

system in the near future. The insertion of DG system into existing distribution network has
great impact on real-time system operation and planning. It is widely accepted that micro
turbine generation (MTG) systems are currently attracting lot of attention to meet customers
need in the distribution power generation market. In order to investigate the performance of
micro turbine generation systems their efficient modelling is required.
The project DYMANIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE GENRATION SYSTEM
FOR GRID CONNECTION/ISLANDING CONNECTION proposes a dynamic model of a
MTG system, suitable for grid connection/islanding operation The presented model allows
the bidirectional power flow between grid and MTG system. The components of the system
are built from the dynamics of each part with their interconnections. The control strategies for
both grid connected and intentional islanding operation mode of a DG system are also
proposed.
For the purpose of modelling initially a dynamic model for each component in the
system, including micro turbine, permanent magnet synchronous generator, 3 phase AC-DC
rectifier and DC-AC inverter is developed and after this stage the model is implemented in
simulation software. In this project the simulation tool is Matlab/Simulink. Simulations are
carried out in islanded and grid-connected mode of the system to observe the systems
behaviour when supplying customers variable loads. It also incorporates modelling and
simulation of microturbine with a speed control system of the micro turbine-synchronous
generator to keep the speed constant with load variation.

CONTENTS

Acknowledgements
Abstract
CHAPTERS
1. INTRODUCTION

01

1.1 INTRODUCTION

02

1.2 ABOUT THE PROJECT

03

2. DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

04

2.1 OUTLOOK OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

05

2.2 WHY INTEGRATION OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION?

05

2.3 ACTIVE DISTRIBUTED NETWORK

07

3. DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES

09

3.1 INTRODUCTION

10

3.2 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER (CHP) SYSTEM

10

3.2.1MICRO-CHIP SYSTEMS

11

3.2.2 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

12

3.2.3 STIRLING ENGINES

12

3.2.4 MICROTURBINES

13

3.2.5 FUEL CELLS

15

3.3 WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS (WECs)

17

3.4 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEMS

17

4. MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM

19

4.1 INTRODUCTION

20

4.2 MICROTURBINE

20

4.2.1 SPEED CONTROL BLOCK

21

4.2.2 FUEL CONTROL BLOCK

22

4.2.3 TURBINE BLOCK

24

4.2.4 TEMPERATURE CONTROL

24

4.2.5 ACCELERATION CONTROL

25

4.3 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

26

4.3.1 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE STRUCTURE

26

4.3.2 PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

27

5. MATLAB AND SIMULINK

29

MATLAB
5.1 INTRODUCTION

30

5.1.1 KEY FEATURES

30

SIMULINK
5.2 INTRODUCTION

31

5.2.1 KEY FEATURES

31

5.2.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM

32

5.2.3 SIMULINK BLOCK LIBRARIES

33

5.2.4 SUBSYSTEMS

34

5.2.5 SOLVERS

34

1. FIXED STEP SOVERS

34

2. VARIABLE STEP SOLVERS

34

3. CONTINUOUS SOLVERS

35

4. DISCRETE SOLVERS

35

5.2.6 THE POWER SYSTEM BLOCK SET

35

5.2.7 SIMULINK BLOCKS USED IN THE SIMULATION

36

6. IMPLEMENTATION OF MTG SYSTEM USING MATLAB

43

6.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF MGT SYSTEM AND CONVERTER CONTROLLER

44

6.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF MTG USING CONVENTIONAL CONVERTERS

46

6.2.1 MTG SYSTEM MODELLING

46

A. MICROTURBINE

47

B. PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

49

C. POWER CONDITIONING

50

1. MACHINE SIDE CONVERTER

51

2. LINE SIDE CONVERTER

51

3. GRID CONNECTED MODE

52

7. SIMULATION AND RESULTS

55

SIMULATION AND RESULTS

56

GRID CONNECTED MODE

58

CONCLUSION

63

APPENDIX

64

BIBLIOGRAPHY

65