Connection Design

Joints resistance according to EC.3 1 8

Edit by Dott. Ing. Simone Caff

Connection Design

FIN PLATE CONNECTION

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

Fv,Rd

v As fub
M2

v 0.6
v 0.5

for classes 8.8

As

area of the bolts

fub

ultimate tensile strength

M2 1.25

safety factor

for classes 10.9

Shear bolt resistance 3.6.1:

VRd,1

ex

Fv,Rd
2

1 ex xmax ex ymax

Jb
nb
Jb

VEd

eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the supporting beam
web or supporting column flange.

nb

number of bolts.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

Connection Design

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to external shear:

VyV,Ed

VEd
nb

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e x
VyT,Ed Ed x max
Jb
Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e y
VxT,Ed Ed x max
Jb
Total shear force per shear plane due to shear and torsion:
2

1 ex xmax ex ymax
Rb VEd

Fv,Rd
n
J
J
b
b
b

Bolts polar moment calculated in the centroid of the bolts:

Jb xi2 yi2
i

Axial resistance for the bolts in shear 3.6.1:

NRd,1 nb Fv,Rd NEd

Shear bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

VRd,2

1
1 ex xmax
n
Jb
b
Fy ,b,Rd

ex ymax

Jb

Fx,b,Rd

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

VEd

Connection Design

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tbw fu
M2
Without notch

Single notch

Double notch

1
y min 1 ; 1
3

d
4

p
1
e

y min 1 ; 1 ; 1
3

d
3

d
4

0
0

1
y min 1,min ; 1 ; 1
3d

3d 4
0

e
p

k min2.8 2 1.7 ; 1.4 2 1.7 ; 2.5

y
d
d

0
0

bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer.

ky

bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer.

e1

end distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent end of any
part measured in the direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

e2

edge distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent edge of any
part measured at right angles to direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-18 : 2005).

p1

spacing between centers of fasteners in a line in the direction of load transfer

(Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

p2

spacing measured perpendicular to load transfer direction between

adjacent line of fasteners (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

diameter of the fastener.

d0

diameter of the hole.

tbw

thickness of the beam web.

fu

ultimate tensile strength

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fx,b,Rd

x kx d tbw fu
M2
Without notch

Single notch

Double notch

p
1
e

x min 2 ; 2 ; 1
3d
3d 4

0
0

k x min 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5

d

e
p

k min2.8 1 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5

x
d
d

0
0

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

e
p

k x min 2.8 1,min 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5

d
d

0
0

Connection Design

Bearing check:

1 ex xmax

nb
Jb

VEd

Fy ,b,Rd

ex ymax

Jb

F
x ,b,Rd

Shear bearing resistance of fin plate Table 3.4:

VRd,3

1
1 ex xmax
n
Jb
b

F y ,b,Rd

ex ymax

Jb

F x ,b,Rd

VEd

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1
1
e1

;
; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

y min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

p
e2

ky min 2.8
1.7 ; 1.4 2 1.7 ; 2.5
d0
d0

e1

end distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent end of any
part measured in the direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

e2

e distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent edge of any
part measured at right angles to direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-18 : 2005).

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

Connection Design

p1

spacing between centers of fasteners in a line in the direction of load transfer

(Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

p2

spacing measured perpendicular to load transfer direction between

adjacent line of fasteners (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

diameter of the fastener.

d0

diameter of the hole.

tp

thickness of the fin plate.

Bearing resistance in x direction:

F x ,b,Rd

x k x d tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2

p2
1

;
; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

x min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

p
e1

k x min 2.8
1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d0
d0

Axial bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

NRd,2 nb Fx,b,Rd NEd

Axial bearing resistance of fin plate Table 3.4:

NRd,3 nb F x,b,Rd NEd

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

Connection Design

Beam web in shear (gross section):

VRd,4

Av fy
3 M0

VEd

Without notch

Av 0.9

Ab
hb
bb
tbf
tbw
dnt
dnb

Single notch

Ab 2 bb tbf tbw 2rb tbf

Av 0.9

Ab 2 bb tbf dnt tbf tbw

Double notch

Av 0.9

hb dnt dnb tbw

cross sectional area of the beam.

height of the beam.
flange width of the beam.
thickness of the beam flange.
thickness of the beam web.
depth of the top notch.
depth of the bottom notch.

Beam web in shear (net section):

VRd,5

Av,net fu
3 M2

VEd
Av,net Av nb,v tbw d0

Shear net area:

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

fu

ultimate tensile strength.

Fin plate in shear (gross section):

VRd,6

hp tp fy
1.27 3 M0

VEd

hp

height of the fin plate.

tp

thickness of the fin plate.

The coefficient 1.27 takes in to account the redaction of shear resistance, due to the
presence of bending moment.
Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

Connection Design

Fin plate in shear (net section):

VRd,7

nb,v d0 tp fu
3 M2

VEd

hp

height of the fin plate.

tp

thickness of the fin plate.

Fin plate in bending:

VRd,8

tp hp2

fy
Wel ,p fy 6

VEd
ex M0
ex M0

Wel ,p

elastic fin plate modulus.

Beam web in bending:

VRd,9

en

Wel ,b fy
en M0

VEd

Without notch

Single notch

Wel ,b

Wel ,b ,min of the T shape

Double notch

Wel ,b

eccentricity between the shear force and the notch end.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

tbw hdnt dnb

6

Connection Design

Fin plate in shear (Block tearing):

VRd,10
Ant ,p

0.5 Ant ,p fu

M2

Anv,p fy
3 M0

VEd

net area subjected to tension:

d0

Ant ,p e2 tp
2

A e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
0 p
nt ,p 2 b,h 2 b,h
Anv,p

for a single vertical line of bolts

for more than one vertical line of bolts

net area subjected to shear:

Anv,p hp e1 nb,v 0.5 d0 tp

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Beam web in shear (Block tearing):

VRd,11
Ant ,p

0.5 Ant ,b fu

M2

Anv,b fy
3 M0

VEd

net area subjected to tension:

d0

Ant ,b e2 tbw
2

A e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
0 bw
nt ,b 2 b,h 2 b,h
Anv,b

for a single vertical line of bolts

for more than one vertical line of bolts

net area subjected to shear:

Without notch

Single notch

Double notch

Anv ,b e1 nb ,v 1p1 nb ,v 0.5d0 t bw

Anv ,b e1 nb ,v 1p1 nb ,v 0.5d0 t bw

Anv ,b e1,min nb ,v 1p1 nb ,v 0.5d0 tbw

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Connection Design

Fin plate in tension (Block tearing):

NRd,4

nt ,p f
0.5 A
u

M2

nt ,p
A

nv,p f
A
y
3 M0

NEd

net area subjected to tension:

nt,p n 1 p n 1 d t
A
1
b,v
0
p
b,v

nv,p
A

net area subjected to shear:

d0

A
nv ,p 2 e2

tp

A
nv,p 2 e2 n 1 p n 0.5 d t
b ,h
2
b ,h
0
p

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

for a single vertical line of bolts

for more than one vertical line of bolts

Beam web in tension (Block tearing):

NRd,5

nt ,b f
0.5 A
u

M2

nt ,b
A

nv,b f
A
y
3 M0

NEd

net area subjected to tension:

nt,b n 1 p n 1 d t
A
1
b,v
0 bw
b,v

nv,b
A

net area subjected to shear:

d0

Anv,b 2 e2 tbw
2

2 e2 nb,h 1 p2 nb,h 0.5 d0 tbw

nv,b

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Fin plate in tension (net section):

NRd,6

0.9 hp nb,v d0 tp fu

M2

NEd

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

for a single vertical line of bolts

for more than one vertical line of bolts

10

Connection Design

Beam web in tension (net section):

NRd,7

hp

0.9 hp nb,v d0 tbw fu

M2

NEd

height of the fin plate (conservatively).

Joint resistance:

Vpl,Rd

design plastic resistance of the beam

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd

Vj ,Rd minVRd,1;; VRd,11 VEd

Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;; NRd,7 NEd

then

then

2
2

NEd
VEd

1.00
min N ; N ; N min V ; V ; V

Rd ,1
Rd ,2
Rd ,3
Rd ,1
Rd ,2
Rd ,3

V minV ; ; V V
j ,Rd
Rd ,4
Rd ,11
Ed

Nj ,Rd minNRd,4 ; ; NRd,7 1 NEd

2 VEd
1 6.2.10 EC.3

Vpl ,Rd

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11

Connection Design

WEB COVER PLATE CONNECTION

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

Fv,Rd

v As fub
M2

v 0.6
v 0.5

for classes 8.8

As

Area of the bolts

fub

Ultimate tensile strength

M2 1.25

Safety factor

for classes 10.9

Shear bolt resistance 3.6.1:

VRd,1

n Fv,Rd
2

1 ex xmax ex ymax

Jb
nb
Jb

VEd

ex

eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the beam end.

nb
n2

number of bolts.
number of shear plane.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

12

Connection Design

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to external shear:

VyV,Ed

VEd
n nb

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e x
VyT,Ed Ed x max
n Jb
Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e y
VxT,Ed Ed x max
n Jb
Total shear force per shear plane due to shear and torsion:
2

1 ex xmax ex ymax
V
Rb Ed

Fv,Rd
n
Jb
nb
Jb

Bolts polar moment calculated in the centroid of the bolts:

Jb xi2 yi2
i

Axial resistance for the bolts in shear 3.6.1:

NRd,1 n nb Fv,Rd NEd

Shear bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

VRd,2

1
1 ex xmax
n
Jb
b
Fy ,b,Rd

ex ymax

Jb

Fx,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tbw fu
M2

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

VEd

13

Connection Design

Bearing coefficients

3d1 4

p
1
y min 1 ; 1

e
p

k min2.8 2 1.7 ; 1.4 2 1.7 ; 2.5

y
d
d

0
0

bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer.

ky

bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer.

e1

end distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent end of any
part measured in the direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

e2

edge distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent edge of any
part measured at right angles to direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-18 : 2005).

p1

spacing between centers of fasteners in a line in the direction of load transfer

(Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

p2

spacing measured perpendicular to load transfer direction between

adjacent line of fasteners (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

diameter of the fastener.

d0

diameter of the hole.

tbw

thickness of the beam web.

fu

ultimate tensile strength

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fx,b,Rd

x kx d tbw fu
M2
Bearing coefficients

p
1
e2

; 2 ; 1
3

d
3

d
4

0
0

x min

k x min 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5

d

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14

Connection Design

Bearing check:

1
e x
x max
n
n nb
n Jb
VEd

Fy ,b,Rd

ex ymax
n
n Jb

Fx ,b,Rd

Shear bearing resistance of cover plates Table 3.4:

VRd,3

1
1 ex xmax
n
Jb
b

F y ,b,Rd

ex ymax

Jb

F x ,b,Rd

VEd

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d 2 tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1
1
e1

;
; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

y min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

p
e2

ky min 2.8
1.7 ; 1.4 2 1.7 ; 2.5
d0
d0

e1

end distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent end of any
part measured in the direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

e2

edge distance from the center of fastener hole, to the adjacent edge of any
part measured at right angles to direction of load transfer (Figure 3.1 EC3-18 : 2005).

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

15

Connection Design

p1

spacing between centers of fasteners in a line in the direction of load transfer

(Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

p2

spacing measured perpendicular to load transfer direction between

adjacent line of fasteners (Figure 3.1 EC3-1-8 : 2005).

diameter of the fastener.

d0

diameter of the hole.

tp

thickness of a single plate.

Bearing resistance in x direction:

F x,b,Rd

x k x d 2 tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p2
1
e2

;
; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

x min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

p
e1

k x min 2.8
1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d0
d0

Axial bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

NRd,2 nb Fx,b,Rd NEd

Axial bearing resistance of cover plates Table 3.4:

NRd,3 nb F x,b,Rd NEd

Beam web in shear (gross section) :

VRd,4

0.9 Av fy
3 M0

VEd

Av Ab 2 bb tbf tbw 2 rb tbf

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16

Connection Design

Ab
hb
bb
tbf
tbw

cross sectional area of the beam.

height of the beam.
flange width of the beam.
thickness of the beam flange.
thickness of the beam web.

Beam web in shear (net section):

VRd,5

Av,net fu
3 M2

VEd
Av,net Av nb,v tbw d0

Shear net area:

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

fu

ultimate tensile strength

Cover plates in shear (gross section):

VRd,6

hp 2 tp fy

VEd

1.27 3 M0

hp

height of the double plate.

tp

thickness of a single plate.

The coefficient 1.27 takes in to account the redaction of shear resistance, due to the
presence of bending moment.
Cover plates in shear (net section):

VRd,7

nb,v d0 2 tp fu
3 M2

VEd

hp

height of the double plate.

tp

thickness of a single plate.

Cover plates in shear (Block tearing):

VRd,8

0.5 Ant ,p fu

M2

Anv,p fy
3 M0

VEd

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

17

Connection Design

Ant ,p

net area subjected to tension:

d0

Ant ,p e2 2 tp
2

A e n 1 p n 0.5 d 2 t
0
p
nt ,p 2 b,h 2 b,h

Anv,p

for a single vertical line of bolts

for more than one vertical line of bolts

net area subjected to shear:

Anv,p hp e1 nb,v 0.5 d0 2 tp

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Beam web in shear (Block tearing):

VRd,9
Ant ,p

0.5 Ant ,b fu

M2

Anv,b fy
3 M0

VEd

net area subjected to tension:

d0

Ant ,b e2 tbw
2

A e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
0 bw
nt ,b 2 b,h 2 b,h

Anv,b

net area subjected to shear:

Anv,b e1 nb,v 1 p1 nb,v 0.5 d0 tbw

Cover plates in tension (Block tearing):

NRd,4
nt ,p
A

nt ,p f
0.5 A
u

M2

nv,p f
A
y
3 M0

NEd

net area subjected to tension:

nt,p n 1 p n 1 d 2 t
A
1
b,v
0
p
b,v

nv,p
A

net area subjected to shear:

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

for a single vertical line of bolts

for more than one vertical line of bolts

18

Connection Design

d0

Anv,p 2 e2 2 2 tp

A
nv,p 2 e2 n 1 p n 0.5 d 2 t
b ,h
2
b ,h
0
p

for a single vertical line of bolts

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

for more than one vertical line of bolts

Beam web in tension (Block tearing):

NRd,5

nt ,b f
0.5 A
u

M2

nt ,b
A

nv,b f
A
y
3 M0

NEd

net area subjected to tension:

nt,b n 1 p n 1 d t
A
1
b,v
0 bw
b,v

nv,b
A

net area subjected to shear:

d0

Anv,b 2 e2 tbw
2

2 e2 nb,h 1 p2 nb,h 0.5 d0 tbw

nv,b
nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Cover plates in tension (net section):

NRd,6

0.9 hp nb,v d0 2 tp fu

M2

NEd

Beam web in tension (net section):

NRd,7

hp

0.9 hp nb,v d0 tbw fu

M2

NEd

height of double plate (conservatively).

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

for a single vertical line of bolts

for more than one vertical line of bolts

19

Connection Design

Joint resistance:

Vpl,Rd

design plastic resistance of the beam

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd

Vj ,Rd minVRd,1;; VRd,9 VEd

Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;; NRd,7 NEd

then

then

2
2

NEd
VEd

1.00
min N ; N ; N min V ; V ; V

Rd ,1
Rd ,2
Rd ,3
Rd ,1
Rd ,2
Rd ,3

V minV ; ; V V
j ,Rd
Rd ,4
Rd ,9
Ed

Nj ,Rd minNRd,4 ; ; NRd,7 1 NEd

2 VEd
1 6.2.10 EC.3

Vpl ,Rd

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

20

Connection Design

SPLICE CONNECTION Bracing

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v Afb fub

Fv,fb,Rd
M2

0.75 1 L j 15 dfb 1.00

200 dfb

v 0.6
v 0.5

for classes 8.8

Afb

area of the flange bolts

Awb
fub

area of the web bolts

M2 1.25

safety factor

Fv,wb,Rd

v Awb fub
M2

for classes 10.9

ultimate tensile strength

Bolt resistance of the beam flange:

Nf ,Rd,1 nfsp nfb Fv,fb,Rd

nfsp

number of flange shear plane

nfb

number of flange bolts

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

nfsp 1 for a single cover plate

nfsp 2 for double cover plate

21

Connection Design

Bearing resistance of the beam flange:

Nf ,Rd,2 nfb Fb,bf ,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fb,bf ,Rd

bf kbf dfb tbf fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1,bf
1
e1,bf

;
; 1
3 d0,fb 3 d0,fb 4

bf min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
p

kbf min 2.8 2,bf 1.7 ; 1.4 2,bf 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,fb
d0,fb

dfb

diameter of the flange bolt.

d0,fb

hole diameter of the flange bolt.

tbf

thickness of the beam flange.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

22

Connection Design

Bearing resistance of the flange cover plates:

Nf ,Rd,3 nfb Fb,fcp,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fb,fcp,Rd

fcp kfcp dfb nfsp tfcp fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1,fcp
1
e1,fcp
;
; 1
fcp min
3 d0,fb 3 d0,fb 4

p1,fcp p1,bf
Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2,fcp,min
p
1.7 ; 1.4 2,fcp 1.7 ; 2.5
kfcp min 2.8
d0,fb
d0,fb

p2,fcp p2,bf

e2,fcp,min min e2,fcp ; e2,fcp

tfcp

thickness of a single flange cover plate.

Beam flange in tension (gross section):

Nf ,Rd,4

bbf tbf fy
M0

bbf

flange width of the beam.

tbf

thickness of the beam flange.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

23

Connection Design

Beam flange in tension (net section):

Nf ,Rd,5

0.9 bbf 2 d0,fb tbf fu

M2

Flange cover plates in tension (gross section):

Nf ,Rd,6

tfcp fy

fcp

for a single top flange cover plate

M0

Nf ,Rd,6 Nf ,Rd,6

2 bfcp tfcp fy

for double flange cover plate

M0

bfcp

top flange cover plate width.

bfcp

bottom flange cover plate width.

Flange cover plates in tension (net section):

Nf ,Rd,7

0.9 bfcp 2 d0,fb tfcp fu

for a single top flange cover plate

M2

Nf ,Rd,7 Nf ,Rd,7

0.9 2 bfcp 2 d0,fb tfcp fu

M2

bfcp

top flange cover plate width.

bfcp

bottom flange cover plate width.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

for double flange cover plate

24

Connection Design

Beam flange in tension (Block tearing):

Nf ,Rd,8

nt ,bf f
A
u

nv,bf f
A
y

M2

3 M0

Net area subjected to tension:

nt,bf 2 e d t
A
2,bf
0,fb bf

Net area subjected to shear:

nv,bf 2 e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
A
b,h
1,bf
b,h
0,fb bf
1,bf

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

Flange cover plates in tension (Block tearing):

Nf ,Rd,9

nt ,fcp f
A
u

M2

Nf ,Rd,9 Nf ,Rd,9

nt ,fcp
A

nv,fcp f
A
y

for a single top flange cover plate

3 M0

Ant ,fcp fu

M2

Anv,fcp fy
3 M0

net area subjected to tension:

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

for double flange cover plate

25

Connection Design

Net area subjected to tension:

nt,fcp p
A
2,fcp d0,fb tfcp

Ant ,fcp 2 e2,fcp d0,fb tfcp

Net area subjected to shear:

nv,fcp Anv,fcp 2 e n 1 p

A
b,h
1,fcp nb,h 0.5 d0,fb tfcp
1,fcp

Joint flange resistance:

Nj ,f ,Rd minNf ,Rd,1;...; Nf ,Rd,9

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

26

Connection Design

Shear bolt resistance of the beam web:

Nw,Rd,1 2 nwb Fv,wb,Rd

nwsp

number of web shear plane

nwb 2

number of web bolts

Bearing resistance of the beam web:

Nw,Rd,2 nwb Fb,wb,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fb,bw,Rd

bw kbw dwb tbw fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,bw

p1,bw
1

;
; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

bw min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

kbw min 1.4 2,bw 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb

tbw

thickness of the beam web.

dwb

diameter of the web bolts.

d0,wb

hole diameter of the web bolts.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

27

Connection Design

Bearing resistance of the web cover plates:

Nw,Rd,3 nwb Fb,wcp,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fb,wcp,Rd

wcp kwcp dwb 2 twcp fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1,wcp
1
e1,wcp

;
; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

wcp min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
p

kwcp min 2.8 2,wcp 1.7 ; 1.4 2,wcp 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb
d0,wb

twcp

thickness of a single web cover plate.

Cover plates in tension (gross section):

Nw,Rd,4

hwcp 2 twcp fy

M0

Cover plates in tension (net section):

Nw,Rd,5

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0,wb 2 twcp fu

M2

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

28

Connection Design

Beam web in tension (net section):

Nw,Rd,6

hwcp

hwcp tbw fy

M0
height of the web cover plate (conservatively).

Beam web in tension (net section):

Nw,Rd,7

hwcp

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0,wb tbw fu

M2
height of the web cover plate (conservatively).

Cover plates in tension (Block tearing):

Nw,Rd,8

nt ,wcp
A

nt ,wcp f
A
u

M2

nv,wcp f
A
y
3 M0

net area subjected to tension:

nt,wcp n 1 p

A
2,wcp nb,v 1 d0,wb 2 twcp
b,v

nv,wcp
A

net area subjected to shear:

nv,wcp 2 e1,wcp n 1 p

A
b,h
1,wcp nb,h 0.5 d0,wb 2 twcp

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

29

Connection Design

Beam web in tension (Block tearing):

Nw,Rd,9

nt ,bw
A

nt ,bw f
A
u

M2

nv,bw f
A
y
3 M0

net area subjected to tension:

nt,bw n 1 p

A
2,bw nb,v 1 d0,wb tbw
b,v

nv,bw
A

net area subjected to shear:

nv,bw 2 e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
A
b,h
1,bw
b,h
0,wb bw
1,bw

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Joint web resistance:

Nj ,w,Rd minNw,Rd,1;...; Nw,Rd,9

Joint resistance:

Nj ,Rd 2 Nj ,f ,Rd Nj ,w,Rd

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

30

Connection Design

SPLICE CONNECTION N+M+V

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

v Afb fub

Fv,fb,Rd
M2

0.75 1 L j 15 dfb 1.00

200 dfb

v 0.6
v 0.5

for classes 8.8

Afb

area of the flange bolts

Awb
fub

area of the web bolts

M2 1.25

safety factor

Fv,wb,Rd

v Awb fub
M2

for classes 10.9

ultimate tensile strength

Bolt resistance of the beam flange:

FRd,1 nfsp nfb Fv,fb,Rd

nfsp

number of flange shear plane

nfb

number of flange bolts

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

nfsp 1 for a single cover plate

nfsp 2 for double cover plate

31

Connection Design

Bearing resistance of the beam flange:

FRd,2 nfb Fb,bf ,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fb,bf ,Rd

bf kbf dfb tbf fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,bf

p1,bf
1

;
; 1

3 d0,fb 3 d0,fb 4

bf min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
p

kbf min 2.8 2,bf 1.7 ; 1.4 2,bf 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,fb
d0,fb

dfb

diameter of the flange bolt.

d0,fb

hole diameter of the flange bolt.

tbf

thickness of the beam flange.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

32

Connection Design

Bearing resistance of the flange cover plates:

FRd,3 nfb Fb,fcp,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fb,fcp,Rd

fcp kfcp dfb nfsp tfcp fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1,fcp
1
e1,fcp
;
; 1
fcp min
3 d0,fb 3 d0,fb 4

p1,fcp p1,bf
Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2,fcp,min
p
1.7 ; 1.4 2,fcp 1.7 ; 2.5
kfcp min 2.8
d0,fb
d0,fb

p2,fcp p2,bf

e2,fcp,min min e2,fcp ; e2,fcp

tfcp

thickness of a single flange cover plate.

Beam flange in tension (gross section):

FRd,4

bbf tbf fy
M0

bbf

flange width of the beam.

tbf

thickness of the beam flange.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

33

Connection Design

Beam flange in tension (net section):

FRd,5

0.9 bbf 2 d0,fb tbf fu

M2

Flange cover plates in tension (gross section):

FRd,6

tfcp fy

fcp

for a single top flange cover plate

M0

FRd,6 FRd,6

2 bfcp tfcp fy

for double flange cover plate

M0

bfcp

top flange cover plate width.

bfcp

bottom flange cover plate width.

Flange cover plates in tension (net section):

FRd,7

0.9 bfcp 2 d0,fb tfcp fu

FRd,7 FRd,7

for a single top flange cover plate

M2

0.9 2 bfcp 2 d0,fb tfcp fu

M2

bfcp

top flange cover plate width.

bfcp

bottom flange cover plate width.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

for double flange cover plate

34

Connection Design

Beam flange in tension (Block tearing):

FRd,8

Ant ,bf fu

M2

Ant ,bf

Anv,bf fy
3 M0

net area subjected to tension:

Ant,bf 2 e2,bf d0,fb tbf

Anv,bf

net area subjected to shear:

Anv,bf 2 e1,bf nb,h 1 p1,bf nb,h 0.5 d0,fb tbf

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

Flange cover plates in tension (Block tearing):

FRd,9

Ant ,fcp fu

M2

FRd,9 FRd,9

Anv,fcp fy

Ant ,fcp fu

M2

for a single top flange cover plate

3 M0

Anv,fcp fy
3 M0

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

for double flange cover plate

35

Connection Design

Ant ,fcp

net area subjected to tension:

Ant,fcp p2,fcp d0,fb tfcp

Ant ,fcp 2 e2,fcp d0,fb tfcp

Anv,fcp

net area subjected to shear:

Anv,fcp Anv,fcp 2 e1,fcp nb,h 1 p1,fcp nb,h 0.5 d0,fb tfcp

Joint flange resistance:

Fj ,f ,Rd minF1,Rd ;...; F9,Rd

Joint flange check:

Fbf ,Ed

MEd
b t
bf bf NEd Fj ,f ,Rd
hb tbf
Ab

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

36

Connection Design

Shear bolt resistance of the beam web:

2 Fv,wb,Rd

VRd,1

e x
e y
1
x max
x max

Jb
Jb
nwb
nwb tan

ex

eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the beam end.

nwb
nwsp 2

number of web bolts.

number of web shear plane.

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to external shear:

VyV,Ed

VEd
nwsp nwb

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e x
VyT,Ed Ed x max
nwsp Jb
Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to external in web axial force:

N
Nw,Ed
VEd
w , Ed
Vx ,Ed

nwsp nwb nwsp nwb tan

Ab 2 bbf tbf

NEd
Nw,Ed
A
b

arctan VEd

Nw,Ed
Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to torsion:

V e y
VxT,Ed Ed x max
nwsp Jb
Total shear force per shear plane due to shear, axial force and torsion:

R VEd
b n
wsp

2
Jb xi
i

e x
e y
1
x max
x max Fv,Rd

Jb
Jb
nwb
nwb tan

yi2

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

37

Connection Design

Shear bearing resistance of beam web Table 3.4:

VRd,2

1
ex xmax
1
n
Jb
wb
Fy ,b,bw,Rd

ex ymax

1
n tan
Jb
wb
Fx ,b,bw,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fx,b,bw,Rd

x,bw kx,bw dwb tbw fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p2,bw
1
e2,bw

;
; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

x,bw min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

kx,bw min 1.4 1,bw 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,bw,Rd

y ,bw ky ,bw dwb tbw fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

1
p1,bw

; 1

3 d0,wb 4

y ,bw min

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

38

Connection Design

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
p

ky ,bw min 2.8 2,bw 1.7 ; 1.4 2,bw 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb
d0,wb

tbw

thickness of the beam web.

dwb

diameter of the web bolts.

d0,wb

hole diameter of the web bolts.

Shear bearing resistance of the web cover plates Table 3.4:

VRd,3

1
ex xmax
1
n
Jb
wb
Fy ,b,wcp,Rd

ex ymax

1
n tan
Jb
wb
Fx ,b,wcp,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fx,b,wcp,Rd

x,wcp kx,wcp dwb 2 twcp fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p2,wcp
1
e2,wcp

;
; 1
3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

x,wcp min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
p

kx,wcp min 2.8 1,wcp 1.7 ; 1.4 1,wcp 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb
d0,wb

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

39

Connection Design

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,wcp,Rd

y ,wcp ky ,wcp dwb 2 twcp fu

M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1,wcp

p1,wcp
1

;
; 1

3 d0,wb 3 d0,wb 4

y ,wcp min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
p

ky ,wcp min 2.8 2,wcp 1.7 ; 1.4 2,wcp 1.7 ; 2.5

d0,wb
d0,wb

twcp

thickness of a single web cover plate.

dwb

diameter of the web bolts.

d0,wb

hole diameter of the web bolts.

Cover plates in shear and tension (gross section):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,4

Nw,Rd,1

hwcp 2 twcp fy
1.27 3 M0

hwcp 2 twcp fy

M0

VEd

Nw,Ed

Ab 2 bbf tbf
NEd
Ab

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,4

hwcp 2 twcp fy
1.27 3 M0

VEd

2
hwcp 2 twcp fy 2 VEd
A 2 bbf tbf
Nw,Rd,1
1
1 Nw,Ed b
NEd

Vpl ,Rd
M0
A
b

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

40

Connection Design

Cover plates in shear and tension (net section):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,5

Nw,Rd,2

wcp

nb,v d0 2 twcp fu
3 M2

VEd

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0 2 twcp fu

M2

Nw,Ed

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,5

Nw,Rd,2

wcp

nb,v d0 2 twcp fu
3 M2

VEd

2
0.9 hwcp nb,v d0 2 twcp fu 2 VEd

1
1 Nw,Ed

Vpl ,Rd
M2

Beam web in shear and tension (net section):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,6

Nw,Rd,3

hwcp tbw fy
1.27 3 M0
hwcp tbw fy

M0

VEd

Nw,Ed

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,6

Nw,Rd,3

hwcp tbw fy
1.27 3 M0

VEd

2
hwcp tbw fy 2 VEd

1
1 Nw,Ed

Vpl ,Rd
M0

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

41

Connection Design

Beam web in shear and tension (net section):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,7

Nw,Rd,4

nb,v d0 tbw fu

wcp

3 M2

VEd

0.9 hwcp nb,v d0 tbw fu

M2

Nw,Ed

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,7

Nw,Rd,4

nb,v d0 tbw fu

wcp

3 M2

VEd

2
0.9 hwcp nb,v d0 tbw fu 2 VEd

1
1 Nw,Ed

Vpl ,Rd
M2

Cover plates in shear and tension (block tearing):

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,8

Nw,Rd,5

0.5 Ant ,wcp fu

M2
nt ,wcp f
A
u

M2

Anv,wcp fy
3 M0

nv,wcp f
A
y
3 M0

VEd

Nw,Ed

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

42

Connection Design

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,8

Nw,Rd,5

Ant ,wcp

0.5 Ant ,wcp fu

M2

Anv,wcp fy
3 M0

VEd

nv,wcp f 2 V
nt ,wcp f A
A

y
u
Ed

1 Nw,Ed
1

3 M0 Vpl ,Rd
M2

net area subjected to tension:

Ant,wcp e2,wcp nb,h 1 p2,wcp nb,h 0.5 d0,wb 2 twcp

Anv,wcp

net area subjected to shear:

Anv,wcp hwcp e1,wcp nb,v 0.5 d0,wb 2 twcp

nt ,wcp
A

net area subjected to tension:

nt,wcp n 1 p

A
1,wcp nb,v 1 d0,wb 2 twcp
b,v

nv,wcp
A

net area subjected to shear:

nv,wcp 2 e2,wcp n 1 p

A
b,h
2,wcp nb,h 0.5 d0,wb 2 twcp

nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Beam web in shear and tension (block tearing):

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

43

Connection Design

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,9

Nw,Rd,6

0.5 Ant ,bw fu

M2
nt ,bw f
A
u

M2

Anv,bw fy
3 M0

nv,bw f
A
y
3 M0

VEd

Nw,Ed

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd then:

Vw,Rd,9

Nw,Rd,6

Ant ,bw

0.5 Ant ,bw fu

M2

Anv,bw fy
3 M0

VEd

2
nv,bw f 2 V
nt ,bw f A
A

y
u
Ed

1 Nw,Ed
1

V
3

M2

M0

pl ,Rd

net area subjected to tension:

Ant,bw e2,bw nb,h 1 p2,bw nb,h 0.5 d0,wb tbw

Anv,bw

net area subjected to shear:

Anv,bw e1,bw nb,v 1 p1,bw nb,v 0.5 d0,wb tbw

nt ,bw
A

net area subjected to tension:

nt,bw n 1 p n 1 d t
A
1,bw
b,v
0,wb bw
b,v

nv,bw
A

net area subjected to shear:

nv,bw 2 e

A
2,bw nb,h 1 p2,bw nb,h 0.5 d0,wb tbw
nb,h

number of bolts in a single horizontal line.

nb,v

number of bolts in a single vertical line.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

44

Connection Design

ANGLES CONNECTION Type A

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

Fv,Rd

v As fub
M2

v 0.6
v 0.5

for classes 8.8

As

area of the bolts

fub

ultimate tensile strength

M2 1.25

safety factor

for classes 10.9

Shear bolt resistance 3.6.1:

NRd,1

n Fv,Rd
2

1 ey xmax

nb Jb

ey

eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the angle centroid.

nb

number of bolts.

number of shear plane:

n 1
n 2

for a single angle

for double angles

Shear force in x direction per shear plane due to external axial force:

VxN,Ed

NEd
n nb

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

45

Connection Design

Shear force in y direction per shear plane due to torsion:

NEd ey xmax
VyT,Ed
n Jb
Total shear force per shear plane due to axial force and torsion:
2

1 e x
N
Rb Ed y max Fv,Rd
n
nb Jb

Bolts polar moment calculated in the centroid of the bolts:

Jb xi2
i

Bearing angle resistance:

NRd,2

1
2

1 ey xmax
n
Jb
b
Fx ,b,Rd Fy ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fx,b,Rd

x kx d n ta fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1
p1
1
;
; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

x min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
kx min 2.8 2 1.7 ; 2.5
d0

ta

thickness of a single angle

number of shear plane:

n 1
n 2

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

for a single angle

for double angles

46

Connection Design

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d n ta fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2

; 1
3 d0

y min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
p
ky min 2.8 1 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d0
d0

ta

thickness of a single angle

number of shear plane:

n 1
n 2

for a single angle

for double angles

Bearing plate resistance:

NRd,3

1
2

1 ey xmax
n
Jb
b
F x ,b,Rd F y ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

F x ,b,Rd

x k x d tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1
1
e1

;
; 1

3 d0 3 d0 4

x min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2,min

k x min 2.8
1.7 ; 2.5
d0

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

47

Connection Design

tp

thickness of the plate

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2,min

; 1
3 d0

y min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

p
e1

ky min 2.8
1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d0
d0

tp

thickness of the plate

Single angle in tension (net section):

Angle with one single bolt:

,4
NRd

2 e2 0.5 d0 ta fu

M2

Angle with two bolts:

,4
NRd

2 Aa d0 ta fu
M2

2 0.4

2 0.7

p1 2.5 d0
p1 5.0 d0

Angle with three or more bolts:

,4
NRd

Aa

3 Aa d0 ta fu
M2

3 0.5

3 0.7

area of a single angle

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

p1 2.5 d0
p1 5.0 d0

48

Connection Design

Double angle in tension (net section):

NRd,4

0.9 2 Aa d0 ta fu

M2

Angle in tension (gross section):

NRd,5

n Aa fy

M0

n 1
n
n 2

for a single angle

for double angles

Plate in tension (net section):

hp 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30

NRd,6

0.9 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30 d0 tp fu

M2

Plate in tension (gross section):

hp 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30

2 p1 nb 1 tan 30 tp fy
NRd,7

M0

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49

Connection Design

Angle in shear and tension (block tearing):

NRd,8

nt
A

nt f
0.5 A
u

M2

nv f
A
y
3 M0

net area subjected to tension:

nt n e d0 t
A
2 2 a

nv
A

net area subjected to shear:

nv n e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
A
b
1
b
0 a
1
Joint flange resistance:

Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;...; NRd,8

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

50

Connection Design

ANGLES CONNECTION Type B

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

Fv,Rd

v As fub
M2

v 0.6
v 0.5

for classes 8.8

As

area of the bolts

fub

ultimate tensile strength

M2 1.25

safety factor

for classes 10.9

Shear bolt resistance 3.6.1:

NRd,1

na Fv,Rd
2

1 ey xmax

nb,a Jb,a

ey

eccentricity between the centroid of the bolts and the angle centroid.

nb,a

number of bolts in a single angle.

na

number of angles.

Edit by Simone Caff: This material is copyright - all rights reserved

51

Connection Design

Bearing angle resistance:

NRd,2

na
2

1 ey xmax
n

Jb
b,a
Fx ,b,Rd Fy ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

Fx,b,Rd

x kx d ta fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1
p1
1
;
; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

x min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
kx min 2.8 2 1.7 ; 2.5
d0

ta

thickness of a single angle

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d ta fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2

; 1
3 d0

y min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
p
ky min 2.8 1 1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d0
d0

ta

thickness of a single angle

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52

Connection Design

Bearing plate resistance:

NRd,3

na
2

1 ey xmax
n

Jb
b,a
F x ,b,Rd F y ,b,Rd

Bearing resistance in x direction:

F x ,b,Rd

x k x d tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1

p1
1

;
; 1

3 d0 3 d0 4

x min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e2,min

k x min 2.8
1.7 ; 2.5
d0

tp

thickness of the plate

Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e2,min

; 1

3 d0

y min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

p
e1

ky min 2.8
1.7 ; 1.4 1 1.7 ; 2.5
d0
d0

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53

Connection Design

Single angle in tension (net section):

Angle with one single bolt:

,4
NRd

2 e2 0.5 d0 ta fu

M2

Angle with two bolts:

,4
NRd

2 0.4

2 0.7

2 Aa d0 ta fu
M2

p1 2.5 d0
p1 5.0 d0

Angle with three or more bolts:

,4
NRd

3 0.5

3 0.7

3 Aa d0 ta fu
M2

Aa

p1 2.5 d0
p1 5.0 d0

area of a single angle

Double angle in tension (net section):

NRd,4

0.9 2 Aa d0 ta fu

M2

Angle in tension (gross section):

NRd,5

na Aa fy

M0

Plate in tension (net section):

hp 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30

NRd,6 na

0.9 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30 d0 tp fu

M2

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54

Connection Design

Plate in tension (gross section):

hp 2 p1 nb 1 tan 30

2 p1 nb 1 tan 30 tp fy
NRd,7 na

M0

Angle in shear and tension (block tearing):

nv f
nt f
0.5 A
A
y
u
NRd,8 na

M2
3 M0

nt
A

net area subjected to tension:

nt e d0 t
A
2 2 a

nv
A

net area subjected to shear:

nv e n 1 p n 0.5 d t
A
b
1
b
0 a
1
Joint flange resistance:

Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;...; NRd,8

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55

Connection Design

END PLATE CONNECTION

Shear resistance per shear plane Table 3.4:

Fv,Rd

v As fub
M2

v 0.6
v 0.5

for classes 8.8

As

area of the bolts

fub

ultimate tensile strength

M2 1.25

safety factor

for classes 10.9

Tension resistance Table 3.4:

Ft ,Rd

0.9 As fub

M2

As

area of the bolts

fub

ultimate tensile strength

M2 1.25

safety factor

Shear bolt resistance:

VRd,1 nb Fv,Rd
Tension bolt resistance:

NRd,1 nb Ft,Rd
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56

Connection Design

Bolt in shear and tension check:

VEd
NEd

1.00
VRd,1 1.4 NRd,1

End plate in bearing:

VRd,2 nb Fy ,b,Rd
Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tp fu
M2

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

e1
p1
1
;
; 1
3 d0 3 d0 4

y min

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
ky min 2.8 2 1.7 ; 2.5
d0

Supporting member in bearing:

VRd,3 nb Fy ,b,Rd
Bearing resistance in y direction:

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tcf ,s fu
M2

for column flange

tcf ,s : column flange thickness

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tcw,s fu
M2

for column web

tcw,s : column web thickness

Fy ,b,Rd

y ky d tbw,s fu
M2

for beam web

tbf ,s : supporting beam web thickness

Bearing coefficient in the direction of load transfer:

p1
1
; 1
3 d0 4

y min

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57

Connection Design

Bearing coefficient perpendicular to the direction of load transfer:

e
ky min 2.8 2,c 1.7 ; 2.5
d0

for column flange

p
ky min 1.4 3 1.7 ; 2.5
d0

for column web and beam web

End plate in shear (gross section):

VRd,4 2

tp fy

1.27 3 M0

End plate in shear (net section):

VRd,5 2

d0 nb,v tp fu
3 M2

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58

Connection Design

End plate in shear (block shear):

0.5 Ant fu
A f
VRd,6 2
nv y
M2
3 M0

Ant

net area subjected to tension:

Ant e2 0 tp
2

Anv

net area subjected to shear:

Anv e1 nb,v 1 p1 nb,v 0.5 d0 tp

End plate in bending (in plane):

VRd,7

t h2
2 p p fy
6

s M0

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59

Connection Design

Bending moment (in plane):

Bending resistance:

MEd 0.5 VEd s

MRd

tp hp2
6

fy

M0

Supported beam in shear:

VRd,8
tbw

0.9 twb hp fy
3 M0
thickness of the supported beam

End plate in bending (out of plane):

NRd,2 min FT ,1,Rd ; FT ,2,Rd

Geometry definition:

p3 tbw 2 0.8 ag 2
2

ag : throat thickness of the web fillet weld

n mine2 ; e2,c ; 1.25 m

Effective lengths for the end plate:

Leff ,1 2 m p1 2 nb,v 2 p1

2 2 m 0.625 e2 0.5 p1 nb,v 2 p1

Leff ,2 min

2 m p1 2 nb,v 2 p1
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60

Connection Design

Plastic moment for the end plate:

Mpl ,1,Rd

Mpl ,2,Rd

0.25 Leff ,1 tp2 fy

M0
0.25 Leff ,2 tp2 fy

M0

Design resistance of a T stub flange:

FT ,1,Rd
FT ,2,Rd

4 Mpl,1,Rd
m
2 Mpl ,2,Rd n NRd,1
m n

Beam web in tension:

NRd,3

hp

tbw hp fy

M0
height of the plate (conservatively).

Joint resistance:

Vpl,Rd

design plastic resistance of the beam

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd

If VEd 0.5 Vpl ,Rd

Vj ,Rd minVRd,1;; VRd,8 VEd

Nj ,Rd minNRd,1;; NRd,3 NEd

then

then

Vj ,Rd minVRd,1; ; VRd,8 VEd

Nj ,Rd minNRd,1; ; NRd,3 1 NEd

2
2 VEd

1 6.2.10 EC.3

Vpl ,Rd

End

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61

Connection Design

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62