Indian Ocean is the only ocean which uses the name of the country, India.

The area
of the Indian Ocean 73.481 million km with an average depth of 3,850 m. Indian Ocean
is located in the southern continent of Asia, west of Australia, east and south Africa, and be
contiguous with the South Pole. North Indian Ocean is located in the north of equator that
crossed Indian Ocean. The area consist from South Asia until Malaka Peninsula.

A. Physical Properties of The North Indian Ocean

Salinity
Surface salinities range in the North Indian Ocean from 32 psu until 37 psu, with

the highest concentration in Arabian Sea and the lowest concentration in Bay of Bengal.
Salinity in the northern Bay of Bengal can be as low as 32 psu because Bay of Bengal
receives a lot of fresh water in the form of rain and from runoff of surrounding rivers (Ganga,
Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy, Godavary, and others). If all the freshwater that Bay of Bengal
receives durring a year is accumulated and spread uniformly over its entire surface, it would
form a layer over a metre thick.
Salinity near the surface in the Arabian Sea is much higher than in the Bay of
Bengal because evaporation over the Arabian Sea is much greater and it receives relatively
less river runoff.

Density

Salinity and density share a positive relationship. As density increases, the amount
of salts in the water also known as salinity, increases. Various events can contribute to change
in the density of seawater.

Temperature

A zonal asymmetry is noted in the surface-water temperature distribution in

summer north of 20 S. Summer surface temperatures are higher in the eastern part of this
region than in the west. In the Bay of Bengal the maximum temperature is around 82 F (28
C). The minimum temperature is about 72 F (22 C) in the area of Cape Gwardafuy
(Guardafui), on the Horn of Africa, and is associated with the upwelling off the African coast.
South of 20 S the temperature of the surface waters decreases at a uniform rate with increase
in latitude, from 72 to 75 F (22 to 24 C) to 30 F (-1 C) near Antarctica. Near the Equator,
northern winter surface-water temperatures in excess of 82 F (28 C) are encountered in the
eastern part of the ocean. Winter surface temperatures are about 72 to 73 F (22 to 23 C) in
the northern portion of the Arabian Sea, and 77 F (25 C) in the Bay of Bengal. At 20 S the
temperature is about 72 to 75 F (22 to 24 C); at the 40th parallel, 57 to 61 F (14 to 16 C);
and at the coast of Antarctica, 30 to 32 F (-1 to 0 C).
For more detail, we can look at the vertical profiles of temperature, salinity,
density in the Northern Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal.

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/285876/Indian-Ocean/22775/Upwelling
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