RACH Access Failure Troubleshooting (I)

Why are RACH parameter VERY important? Because it impacts strongly user experience (also
called E2E=end-to-end user experience)
No performance
indicators. Only
estimation by RTWP,
load of the RACH
channel etc..

Enough performance
counters

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Page 26

RACH Access Failure Troubleshooting (II)

The answer on AICH must
be a specific positive
response for the specific
RACH sent
Max_TX_power_on_PRACH
NB01

Power_Ramp_Step :

Preamble_Initial_Power :

Uplink/UE/PRACH

Preamble 1

Pp-m :

Message
part

Preamble n
AICH_Transmission_Timing

Preamble_Retrans_Max :

MMax
Parameters for RACH/PRACH:
NBO1( 0 NBO1min NBO1 NBO1max ) is the time between 2 ramping power of the preamble within the same preamble cycle.
Preamble_Retrans_Max is the maximum number of preamble that can be sent in a cycle.
Mmax is the maximum number of preamble cycles.
Preamble_Initial_Power = Primary CPICH TX power CPICH_RSCP + UL interference + Constant Value
Constant value is an initial value to start the first preamble power usually is -24.
UL interference is the latest value broadcasted by the NodeB in SIB7. Ue needs to decode this value before being able to transmit RACH.
Power_Ramp_Step is the how much the preamble power should be increased after each No ack received on AICH.
Power offset P p-m = Pmessage-control Ppreamble, measured in dB, between the power of the last transmitted preamble and the control part of
the random-access message.
AICH_Transmission_Timing is the time when the RACH message must be transmitted after positive AICH was received( there are other
parameters too)
RACH is a common type transport channel in the uplink. RACHs are always mapped one-to-one onto physical channels (PRACHs), i.e. there is no physical
layer multiplexing of RACHs, and there can only be one RACH TrCH and no other TrCH in a RACH CCTrCH. Service multiplexing is handled by the MAC
layer. In one cell several RACHs/PRACHs may be configured. If more than one PRACH is configured in a cell, the UE performs PRACH selection
RACH message mandatory parameters:
-UE identity( IMSI,IMSI+LAI, TMSI, IMEI-when no USIM is inserted)
-RRC establishment cause (31 causes)
-radio bearer ID( AS or NAS, UM or TM or AM)
-release5 indicator
-measurements results on RACH(like EcNo of the serving cell).

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Huawei Confidential

Page 27

RACH Access Failure Troubleshooting-(III)

From all this information what do you need to know?:
Current RACH parameters are not optimal: allows the UE to increase
the power 20 dBm more than the RTWP(CONSTANTVALUE=-20,
PREAMBLERETRANSMAX=20, POWERRAMPSTEP=2). Due to this
RTWP increase, due to this RACH increases and so on(it creates an
avalanche effect). Better have longer call setup time for one UE (RACH
failures due to missing NB relations of overshooting cells) instead of
having entire cell shrinked due to one UE not being able to transmit
RACH message.

Missing neighbours, lack of best server area and poor UL coverage

influence a lot the RACH success rate.

Cell radius is now at 29.000 km. Make sure there are no UE from a
larger distance(path distance) else will fail on RACH.

Spreaders inside the Node-B are limited. Multipath ( long distance) is

not good for resource consumptions and so RACH messages might be
missed.

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Huawei Confidential