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Mechanical Engineering Department

Faculty of Engineering
rd
3 year Mechanical bylaw:2004
Final exam 2nd Semester

MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe


networks
Time: 3 Hours
Date: 8th June, 2011

No. of pages: 10
Important
No. of questions: 5
remarks
Total mark: 100 marks

Question no. 1 (20 marks).


a) Answer the following questions: (8 marks)
i. What are the most common types of seals used in centrifugal pumps?

ii. What are the possible causes for excessive power consumption in centrifugal pumps?

iii. What are the main disadvantages of positive displacement pumps?

iv. When do you choose a positive displacement pump instead of a centrifugal pump? Mention
two reasons.

b) If glycerin total flow rate in the pipe network shown below is 0.001 m3/s, find the flow rate in
pipes 2 and 3 and the glycerin level in the tank (H). All pipes are 0.01 m in diameter and the flow
is laminar. Ignore all minor losses and take = 640 kg/m3 and = 0.163 Pa.s. (12 marks)

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Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)

Question no. 2 (20 marks).


.
a) Air flows in a 300 m long rectangular duct (0.1 m x 0.4 m) at a speed of 0.1 m/s.
i. Find the pressure drop inside this duct (air = 1.25 kg/m3 and air = 1.8 x 10-5 Pa.s). (4 marks)
ii. If the flow was turbulent, can you use the Moody chart for a rectangular duct? (2 marks)
iii. Find the pressure drop in a circular duct having the same cross section area and same length. (3
marks)
iv. Which fan type do you recommend to supply this flow rate in the rectangular duct if the motor
available rotates at 1000 rpm? (3 marks)

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Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)
b) Answer the following questions: (8 marks)
i. Sketch the H-Q curve of a positive displacement pump at different speeds? (2 marks)

ii. Mention 3 advantages of positive displacement pumps. (2 marks)

iii. Mention two advantages of rotary positive displacement pumps over reciprocating ones.
(2 marks)

iv. Sketch the effect of change in liquid viscosity on positive displacement pump efficiency.
(2 marks

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Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)

Question no. 3 (20 marks).


a) A tank-pipe system like the one shown in the figure delivers water at 30C (Pv = 4.24 kPa) at the
following conditions: L1 = 50 m, L2 = 300 m, H = 20 m, D = 0.1 m, and f = 0.02. The flow rate in
the system is 0.07 m3/s and the corresponding NPSHR at this flow rate is 7 m.
i. If the tank valve is open to the atmosphere (P1 = 1 atm), will cavitation happen? (3 marks)
ii. Find the pressure P1 that need to be applied on the water inside the tank to avoid cavitation.
(4 marks)
iii. What is the head delivered by the pump in this case? (3 marks)

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Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)
b) State whether the following statements are true or false (4 marks)
i. Axial flow pumps are usually used in situation requiring low flow rates.
ii.

In axial flow pumps the blade speed at inlet and outlet are different (i.e. u1 u2).

iii. The flow velocity (Vf) is constant in axial pumps (i.e. Vf1 = Vf2).
iv. In axial flow pumps, flow velocity is normal to impeller axis.

c) You are a mechanical engineer in a power plant, mention two possible causes for each of the
following situations:
i. Your technician came to you complaining about one pump producing a lot of noise and
vibrating excessively. (2 marks)

ii. The new pump you have just installed is not delivering any liquid. (2 marks)

iii. Your technician complained to you that the new seal he installed worked for 2 months only
instead of the expected 1 year life. (2 marks)

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Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)

Question no. 4 (20 marks).


a) Pumps (A) and (B) have H-Q and -Q curves as shown in the figure below. You are required to
select a pump to deliver water to a pipe 100 m long and 0.05 m in diameter. The pipe has a vertical
rise (Z) of 8 m and the friction factor in the pipe can be assumed to be f = 0.02.
i. Draw the system curve. (3 marks)
ii. Would you select pump (A) or pump (B) for most efficient operation? (2 marks)
iii. How much power would the pump you select consume? (3 marks)
35

100
90

30
80
70
60

20

50
15

40
30

10

20

H-A
H-B
Efficiency-A
Efficiency-B

10

0
0

0.005

0.01

Q (m^3/s)

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0.015

0
0.02

Efficiency (%)

H (m)

25

Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)
b) You are required to deliver water to a building for which the system curve is H sys 15 1635 Q 2
(plotted on the pump H-Q curve). If the pump available to you has the characteristics shown:
i. Find the flow rate the pump will deliver to this system? (2 marks)
ii. Find the flow rate if you connect two pumps in parallel and the power required. (5 marks)
iii. Find the flow rate if you connect two pumps in series and the power required. (5 marks)
50

100

Head
45

H-system

90
80

35

70

30

60

25

50

20

40

15

30

10

20

10

0
0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

Q (m^3/s)

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0.06

0.07

0.08

0
0.09

Efficiency (%)

H (m)

Efficiency
40

Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)

Question no. 5 (20 marks).


a) A centrifugal pump has the characteristic curve shown below when running at 750 rpm. Draw the
characteristic curve of the same pump when running at 1000 rpm and plot its new efficiency
curve. (8 marks)

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Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)
b) A pump having the characteristics shown is to be connected to the pipe system below with
L = 20 m, f = 0.05, D = 0.1 m, and H = 2 m.
i. Draw the system curve. (4 marks)
ii. Find the flow rate delivered by the pump. (2 marks)
iii. If it is desired to reduce this flow rate to 0.02 m3/s by
installing a valve on the pipe, find the new system curve.
(4 marks)
iv. Should you install the valve before or after the pump? (2 marks)

30

100
Head
Efficiency
80

Head (m)

60

40

Efficiency

20

10
20

0
0

0.01

0.02
0.03
Q (m^3/s)

0.04

0
0.05


/.

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Final exam for MP334 Pumps, valves, and pipe networks (3rd year Mech.)

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