Immunological and clincial properties of isoprinosine are reviewed.

Isoprinosine increases in vitro T cell function macrophage activity.

It induces the appearance of T cell markers and enhances the
lymphocyte response to mitogens. This property appears to be due
to the synthesis of a mitogenic helper factor by isoprinosine-treated
lymphocytes probably interleukin 2. In vivo, it also increases
antibody formation, T cell functions and macrophage activity. It
restores T cell immunosuppression in post-radiotherapy cancer
patients and the lymphocyte response to mitogens in cancer. It
potentiates the antiviral and antitumor activity of interferon. It
delays the early appearance of autoimmunity and the early tumor
development of interferon treated NZB-NZW mice suggesting a
potential benefit in autoimmune syndromes.
Clinically, isoprinosine, in open studies, has been shown to be
beneficial in various viral diseases like subacute sclerosing
panencephalitis, cutaneous herpes and aphthous stomatitis,
influenza challenge, cytomegalovirus hepatitis, Reiter Syndrome and
possibly warts. Isoprinosine also shows promising results in
rheumatoid arthritis where clinical improvement has been observed
two to six weeks after the onset of treatment. Immune monitoring
performed in patients receiving isoprinosine suggests a modification
of the inducer-suppressor/cytotoxic phenotypes of blood
lymphocytes.
In summary, isoprinosine is a synthetic immunomodulatory agent
with activities responding to the criteria of a biological response
modifier. It is likely that its immunological properties explain
partially or totally its clinical beneficial effects.

http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-1-4615-9358-4_25

Objectives. To determine an antiviral efficiency of isopronosine in

HPV-associated diseases, and adverse effects of Isoprinosine
depending on different patients age population.
Subjects and methods. Comparative analysis of results of 5650
patients with HPV-associated gynecological diseases, collected by
352 physicians from 33 cities of Russian Federation by standardized
scoring system of main clinical and laboratory parameters (patient
complaints, lesions and PCR DNA HPV testing) before and after
isoprinosine treatment in mono and combined with routine methods
depending on different patients age population.
Results. There was a spontaneous elimination of HPV particles in
22.6% cases after 6 months follow up period in non-treated women,
while HPV negative results were obtained in 35.5% cases after
routine treatments, in 54.8% cases after isoprinosine monotreatment and in 84.2% - after Isoprinosine combined mode. There
was significantly decreased degree of patient complains and
remaining lesions after combined mode of isoprinosine than
analogous parameters of both other treatment groups. Main adverse
effects of isoprinosine were related with digestive system complains
in young patients and skin (dryness and rash) in older women. The
first time it was registered complains on a pain in joints in 2 patients
above 46 years.
Conclusion. Regression of HPV-associated diseases with significantly
decreased degree of patients complains and remaining lesions, as
well as elimination of viral particles were demonstrated after
treatment with combined mode of isoprinosine in comparison with
both routine treatments and Isoprinosine mono-treatment options.
Antiviral effects of isoprinosine can be related with activation of
lymphocytes subsets, are responsible for the host antiviral defense,
and synergistic action of different treatment modalities of HPV.
http://www.aig-journal.ru/en/archive/article/11092