Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
August 2012
Prepared by Punjab Irrigation Department, Government of Pakistan for the Asian Development
Bank.
PAKPATTAN CANAL
July 2012
IEE Report
IEE Report
IEE Report
IEE Report
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1:
Table 2.2:
Table 2.3:
Table 3.1:
Table 4.1:
Table 4.2:
Table 4.3:
Table 4.4:
Table 4.5:
Table 4.6:
Table 4.7:
Table 4.8:
Table 4.9:
Social Amenities
Table 4.10:
Profession/Business
Table 4.11:
Household Income
Table 4.14
Cultivator Status
Table 4.15
Table 4.16
Respondents language
Table 4.17
Marital Status
Table 4.18
Table 4.19
Table 6.1
Table 6.2
Table 7.1
Table 8.1
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1:
Figure 4.1:
Figure 4.2:
Figure 4.3:
Figure 4.4:
Figure 6.1:
LIST OF PLATES
Plate 4.1:
Plate 4.2:
Plate 4.3:
Plate 4.4:
Plate 4.5:
Plate 4.6:
Plate 5.1:
Plate 5.2:
Plate 6.1:
Plate 6.2:
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 4.1:
Appendix 7.1:
IEE Report
IEE Report
ABBREVIATION
ADB
AOI
Area of Influence
BOD
CCA
CMS
COD
COSHH
EC
Electrical Conductivity
EMMP
EMP
EPA
EPAs
EIA
FAO
GCA
GRC
IEE
IWT
M&E
NCS
NEQS
NOC
No-Objection Certificate
O&M
PCIP
PEPA
PEPC
PHS
PID
PMO
PMU
PPE
RSC
SAR
SCARP
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SEMU
SFA
SMO
SOP
Survey of Pakistan
SSOP
TDS
US-EPA
WAPDA
WHO
WWF
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Introduction
For Pakpattan Canal Improvement Project (PCIP) an Environmental Assessment (EA)
Report has been prepared to ensure the following objectives:
ADBs Environment Safeguards Policy Statement
The applicable environmental administrative and legal frame work on the project
Environmental & social base line data of the project area of influence (AOI)
Assessment of potential environmental impacts and determining mitigation measures
of expected adverse impacts
A basic Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Framework (inclusive of all major
environmental aspects and risk based assessment plan) has been developed and the
envisaged EMP implementation cost estimated. The EMP will be revised, upgraded and
further details will be provided for each construction contract of the canal rehabilitation and
upgrading work.
The base line data was developed and analyzed to identify potential environmental impacts
of the project. An Environmental Assessment Checklist methodology was adopted to identify
the high risk activities and suggest their mitigation measures. Where possible, eliminating
the risk by altering the scope or method of execution of work was preferred rather than
minimizing the risk with control measures.
Legal and Administration Framework Policy
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 is the primary legislation which applies to
environmental assessment studies in Pakistan. Under section 12 of the Act, a project
falling under any category specified in Schedule II (SRO 339(1)/2000) requires the
proponent to file an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) with the concerned
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which in case of Pakpattan Canal is EPA
Punjab.
Pakpattan canal passes through mainly agricultural lands and does not pass through any
environmentally sensitive area along the canal in respect of the sensitive habitat, wildlife or
cultural heritage. The nature and scope of the construction works and the environmental
setting of the Project are such that no permanent adverse environmental impacts are
anticipated. According to ADB Environment Policy the project is categorized as category B
project. However, because the canal system serves more than 15,000 ha, the EIA (As per
section 12 of PEPA 1997) is mandatory for this project. All project activities should be compliant
with NEQS and should establish monitoring and evaluation systems.
Description of Project
The project envisages mainly the raising and strengthening of banks, rehabilitation of
bridges and other hydraulic structures along the canal. This project is not a construction of
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new canal but a rehabilitation work leading to rehabilitation of Pakpattan Canal ultimately
leading to optional and judicious water supply to agricultural fields.
Description of the Environment
Baseline Conditions of the area of influence (AOI) have been established considering the
current and proposed development activities as well as the direct and indirect activities
connected with the AOI. The information utilized for the IEE
technology, collection of primary data (air, water and soil), stakeholder consultation including
Wildlife, Fishery, Forestry Departments, field visits carried out by the environment team and
review of environmental data of previous projects carried out in the area.
A strip of Punjab Irrigation Department (PID) land is available along both banks of the canal
which would be utilized for Contractors facilities (contractor camp, plant & equipment yard,
work base area etc). The ambient air quality was analyzed and is found to be reasonably
clean and no obvious source of the air pollution is identified during site visits. The climate of
the area is arid characterized by long hot summers and short mild winters.
Most of the canal banks length is planted with trees. Kiker (Acacia Nilotica) and Shesham
(Dalbergia Sissoo) are the main species of trees found along the canal. The canal command
area is famous for producing valuable crops (wheat, cotton etc) and fruits (mango, guava,
water melon etc).
The species of birds found in the area include pigeon, dove, egret, quail etc. Common wild
mammals of the area include jungle cat, mongoose, jackal, porcupine etc. some species of
reptiles and amphibians are found in the area e.g. snakes, variety of lizards, frogs, and
toads,
The Socio Economic Survey was conducted with the objectives to assess prevailing socioeconomic conditions of the related communities and to predict the effects of the proposed
different alternatives of rehabilitation works. The canal command area falls into four districts;
Okara, Pakpattan, Vehari and Lodhran. Approximately 80 % of Canal command area falls
into two districts; Pakpattan and Vehari. Total of 400 respondents i.e., 200 males for socioeconomic survey and 200 females for gender development study, were selected from
different project villages. The secondary data was collected from available documents i.e.
District Population Census Report 1998 of four districts of the project and maps related to
project area prepared by various Organizations / Departments. The occupational /
professional status of the respondents of the project area has been classified mainly into two
groups such as agricultural household and non-agricultural household. The members of non
farm community were generally doing labour work, shop keeping, government / private
employee, livestock, rearing business enterprises and receiving some remittances from
abroad.
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The population of project area is totally based on rural setup. Average farm size in the canal
command is 2.7 ha (6.8 acres). The villages are formed of permanent settlements.
Habitation was classified according to the type of structure into three categories, i.e. Pacca
(concrete or brick structure), Kacha (Mud houses) Semi Pacca (mixed structure). A
significant majority of project households have electricity at their homes and only 2 percent
community has landline telephone facility. Use of mobile phones has greatly increased as a
way of communication. None of respondents was enjoying the facilities of Sui Gas and
drainage system in project area. Hand pumps are the major source of water in villages and
farmhouses, while the water supply systems are provided in cities.
The average literacy ratio in the project area analyzed from survey findings was 54% and the
literacy rate among the male members was higher (59 percent) than the females (41
percent) of the study area.
The PCIP will (i) ensure that the water supply to the distribution system in the entire canal
command area is secure; and the project will result in an 8.6% increase in farm income as a
result of the proposed intervention. A total of about 189,503 farm families or almost 2 million
people will benefit from the PCIP.
Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Most of the adverse environmental and social impacts of the Project will be associated with
the construction phase. Except for temporary resettlement during construction no permanent
resettlement is needed. Other impacts associated with the construction phase will be
temporary, reversible, phased over a period of time, localized and manageable.
Most of the length of canal bank (path along the canal) and access roads in the project area
are unpaved and may cause dust pollution during traffic movement. Air quality shall be
controlled by regular spraying of water on unpaved paths. All vehicles, machinery,
equipment and generators used during construction activities will be kept in good working
condition to minimize the exhaust emissions. Cutting & burning trees and shrubs as a fuel
shall be prohibited and clean source of energy would be provided at the contractors camp
e.g. gas cylinders etc. Noise, air quality and water sources shall be monitored periodically,
as specified in IEE report. All the work activities should be restricted within the allowed
working hours.
No designated environmentally protected or archaeological site falls within the direct project
area of influence or along the canal banks. The Project will not have any significant impact
on fish, fishermen communities, wildlife and wildlife habitat. However, monitoring measures
have been recommended to ensure that any unforeseen impacts can be identified,
compared with baseline and mitigated during the implementation stage. All forest, wildlife
and fisheries laws should be fully respected and abided by the contractor and his work force.
No fire arms should be carried out by the contractors work force.Tree cutting may require
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the construction of diversion channels or escape channels. Every tree cut on site for the
execution of work shall be replaced with plantation of minimum five new trees. The new
plantation would be protected during the contract implementation from animals and daily
routine activities. Public parks will be developed along the canal at suitable locations (away
from existing settlements, if any). This will raise the aesthetic value of the area and provide a
picnic spot to the local community.
During construction, the Contactors work force is expected to be largely available from the
local population, which will enhance the economic opportunities for the locals of working age
group. Socio-economic conditions of the project area will generally have positive impact due
to the project implementation entailing availability of jobs during construction phase.
The Project will also improve some of the social infrastructure as part of the repair and
rehabilitation of the irrigation structures and will reduce the exposure of local communities to
flooding events and the associated social and economic damages. The livelihoods of
farming communities will also improve through increased and equitable canal water
availability and improved agricultural productivity through improved agricultural practices and
road crossings. The representation of women and other vulnerable groups will be ensured in
the Project benefits.
The noticeable adverse impact of the Project will be temporary resettlement of affected
communities and relocation of some of the cultural sties that lie within the canal right of way
(ROW). Detailed resettlement action plans to mitigate these impacts will be prepared and
implemented before commencing the work on site. Resettlement Framework and
representative Resettlement Action Plans have been prepared as part of the feasibility study.
It is very important to protect the water sources during the construction phase from
accidental spills of diesel or any chemical, as any spill could percolate to the groundwater
through the sandy stratum at site. All the solid waste and wastewater generated from the
project activities and contractor camp are to be disposed of according to the waste disposal
plan, which would be a component of the EMP. If the groundwater is to be used for the water
supply in the contractors camp then it would be required to abstract water from sufficient
depth and confirm that it meets the WHO standards.
The EMP will also ensure reporting of all non-conformances and their rectification within a
specified period of time
The proposed project will bring about net-positive benefits in terms of improved water
resource management through assured water availability from the Pakpattan Main Canal
and will increase agricultural production from the project area.
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Continuous environmental monitoring will be carried out for the entire construction phase, to
ensure due diligence of environmental performance.
Conclusion
It is anticipated that all environmental and social issues involved during the construction and
operational phase of the project are manageable, therefore it is concluded that the project is
environmentally friendly, financially viable, economically sustainable, generally neutral and
pro-poverty alleviation.
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INTRODUCTION
1.1 GENERAL
The province of Punjab is only one fourth of the total area of Pakistan, yet its fertile land
yields are more than 50% of the total national agricultural produce. One of the reasons for
such high agricultural production is the efficient use of water resources through Punjabs
irrigation network. The Punjab irrigation network comprises 24 canals fed by 14
barrages/headworks and 9 major inter-river link canals, irrigating more than 21 million acres
of land. Pakpattan Canal off takes from Sutlej River at Suleimanki Barrage. There are two
barrages on Sutlej River; Suleimanki and Islam Barrage. Suleimanki is the first barrage on
Sutlej after it enters into Pakistan.
Asian Development Bank (ADB) is providing assistance to improve the management of
Punjab Water Resources and increase the agricultural productivity of the province under the
Punjab Irrigation Agriculture Investment Program (PIAIP).
1.2 PROJECT DETAILS
Punjab Irrigation Department (PID) is the executing agency of the Punjab Irrigated
Agriculture Investment Program (PIAIP). Pakpattan Canal Rehabilitation & Up-grading
(R&U) will be carried out under PIAIP. The consultancy of the project including feasibility and
detailed design work was awarded to a joint venture of NESPAK, AAB and DMC in April
2009.
This report comprises the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) study of the R&U of
Pakpattan Canal System. The IEE study takes into account the natural environment (air,
water, land, flora & fauna), human health and safety. This study evaluates the projects
potential environmental risks and impacts in its areas of influence and outlines planning,
designing and implementation by preventing, minimizing, mitigating or compensating for
adverse environmental impacts and enhancing positive impacts throughout project
implementation.
The Social Assessment (SA) has been conducted to evaluate the projects potential positive
and adverse effects on the affected people and to examine project alternatives where
adverse effects may be significant. The breadth, depth and type of analysis in the social
assessment are proportional to the nature of the project and scale of its potential effects,
positive or adverse, on the affected people.
1.3 BACKGROUND
Pakpattan Canal and distribution network was completed in June 1926. The canals design
discharge is 6,594 cusecs at head regulator built on the right flank of Sulemanki Barrage.
Pakpattan Canal irrigates land in the districts of Okara, Pakpattan, Vehari, and Lohdran on
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the right side of the river Sutlej. The main Pakpattan Canal is perennial and ceases to
operate for annual maintaining requirement during December/January. The total gross
command area is about 1.4 million acres.
In 1960, under the Indus Water Treaty, India was given the rights of the eastern rivers water,
including Ravi, Sutlej and Beas. Consequently upon the construction of Bhakra/Nangal Dam
on river Sutlej and Pandoh & Pong Dam on Beas, discharge in Sutlej was reduced
significantly. This entailed a significant work for conveying water from western rivers through
link canals to overcome the shortfall in the eastern rivers. Balloki-Suleimanki Link canal (B.S
Link) brings about 25,000 cusecs from Balloki barrage to feed the canals off taking from the
Suleimanki Barrage.
With the construction of Sidhni Mailsi Bahawal Link (SMB Link) canal Pakpattan main canal
was split into two parts i.e. Pakpattan Canal Upper (PC (U)) from RD 0-567 and Pakpattan
Canal Lower (PC (L)) from RD 568 to 667. Due to bifurcation, PC (L) now draws its supplies
from SMB Link with a new head regulator at RD 195+171/R of SMB Link.
1.4 PROJECT OBJECTIVES
The system at present is facing many maintenance problems like deteriorated condition of
80 years old structures with upstream and downstream erosion, bermless reaches with
eroded banks and reduced free board. The system cannot take its authorized discharge
safely and is being run by adopting a rotational program.
The project aims to upgrade water resources and irrigation infrastructure of Pakpattan Canal
System and address the following main problems in this project:
The decks of most of the road bridges on the canal have deteriorated and are risky for
present traffic requirements.
Repair of regulation machinery and other hydraulic structure for smooth operation of
the canals.
Raising & strengthening of banks.
Improve the efficiency of canal system ensuring fulfillment of water requirement at the
tail end area.
1.5 PROJECT LOCATION
Pakpattan canal off takes from river Sutlej at right side of Suleimanki Headworks. Its
command area lies between 29o51 to 30o27 latitudes north and 72o12 to 73o38 longitudes
east. The canal command area is bounded by river Sutlej in the south-east, boundary of
Lower Bari Doab Canal in the north and river Chenab in the west. Approximately one million
acres of the canal command area falls in south-eastern part of Punjab Province as shown in
Figure 1.1.
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Introduction
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
The Project
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Public Consultation
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Appendices
1.9 METHDOLOGY OF PERFORMING THE STUDY
The environmental and social data were collected and analyzed for the overall
environmental study area. Data was collected during site visits and stakeholder consultation
works. The concerned departments and institutions consulted are Wildlife, Forestry &
Fishery Department, Water Management Office, Irrigation, SMO, SEMU and Land
Reclamation Directorate of PID etc.
The base line data was developed and analyzed to identify potential environmental impacts
of the Project. A risk based methodology was adopted to identify the high risk activities and
suggest their mitigation measures. Where possible, eliminating the risk by altering the scope
or method of execution of work was preferred rather than minimizing the risk with control
measures. Public consultations were also undertaken including a gender study to take into
account the public point of view about the project.
IEE Report
Tariq Altaf
Sub-Team Leader
Mukhtar Ahmad
Environmental Specialist
Ahsan Bela
Rural Sociologist
Abdul Hameed
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This chapter provides an overview of the policy framework and national legislation that
applies to the proposed Project. The Project is expected to comply with all national
legislations and Asian Bank Guidelines relating to environmental and social issues, and all
the required regulatory clearances will be obtained.
The environmental study includes primarily Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997
(PEPA 1997), Pakistan IEE and EIA review regulations (2000) and Asian Development Bank
SPS. All other laws and guidelines relevant to the project have also been reviewed.
Synopses of relevant laws and guidelines are provided in this chapter.
2.1 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS IN PAKISTAN
Under section 12 (with subsequent amendment) of the 1997 Act, a project falling under any
category specified in Schedule I (SRO 339(1)/2000), requires the proponent to file an IEE with
concerned federal agency (Pak-EPA). Projects falling under any category specified in schedule
II require the proponent to file an EIA with the federal agency. Within ten working days of the
lodging of IEE or EIA, the federal agency will confirm that the document submitted is complete
for the purpose of review.
2.2 NATIONAL CONSERVATION STRATEGY
The Pakistan National Conservation Strategy (NCS) was approved by federal cabinet in March
1992 and is the principal policy document on environmental issues in the country. The NCS
outlines the countrys primary approaches towards encouraging sustainable development,
conserving natural resources and managing resources. The NCS has 68 specific programs in
14 core areas in which policy intervention is considered crucial for the preservation of
Pakistans natural and physical environment. The core areas that are relevant in the context of
the proposed Project are pollution prevention and abatement, conserving biodiversity and
preservation of cultural heritage.
2.3 NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT POLICY
The National Environmental Policy provides an overarching framework for addressing the
environmental issues facing Pakistan, particularly pollution of fresh water bodies and coastal
waters, air pollution, lack of proper waste management, deforestation, loss of biodiversity,
desertification, natural disasters and climate change. It also gives directions for addressing the
cross sectoral issues elaborating the underlying causes of environmental degradation and
international obligations. The policy provides broad guidelines to the Federal Government,
Provincial Government, Federally Administrated Territories and Local Government for
addressing environmental concerns and ensuring effective management of their environmental
resources.
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These guidelines deal with possible approaches to public consultation and techniques for
designing an effective program of consultation that reaches out to all major stakeholders and
ensure that their concerns are incorporated in any impact assessment study.
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disposal of wastewater, solid waste and toxic materials. The PID will coordinate and monitor
environment-related issues.
2.5.4 Social & Environmental Management Unit (SEMU)
Punjab Irrigation Department (PID), under Punjab Irrigation and Drainage Authority (PIDA),
established the Social and Environmental Management Unit (SEMU) in December 2006 to
enable it to address the environmental and social issues in a timely and effective manner during
operation, maintenance, rehabilitation, construction of new canals and drains etc. SEMU has
developed checklists for canal rehabilitation works covering construction or remodeling of JHead Spur / Dike / Flood Bund / Training Works, new canals, new distributaries or lining of any
channel. SEMU may also be involved as an independent environmental monitoring
organization during construction phase of this Project.
2.5.5 Environment-Related Statutes
This section outlines statutes apart from the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997,
which are relevant to the project.
The Forest Act, 1927 (and Provincial Acts and Rules)
The Act, inter alia, deals with the matters related with protection and conservation of natural
vegetation/habitats. It empowers the concerned agency to declare protected and reserved
forest areas and their maintaining. In spite of the fact that it recognizes the right of people for
access to the natural resources for their household use, it prohibits unlawful cutting of trees and
other vegetation from forest reserve area. The permission is required prior to undertake any
tree cutting from the Forest Department of Punjab province. The contractor will inform formally
to the Punjab Forest Department and PID at-least 1 month before cutting any tree on site.
Provincial Wildlife (Protection, Preservation, Conservation and Management) Act,
Ordinances and Rules
In addition to empowering provincial wildlife department to establish game reserves, parks, and
wildlife sanctuaries, these acts regulate the hunting and disturbance of wildlife. This law will
help in eliminating any trespassing into protected areas.
Antiquities Act, 1975
The
Antiquities
Act
relates
to
the
protection,
preservation
and
conservation
of
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Category B:
Criterion
Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree
and/or significance than those for category A projects.
This is applicable in case of projects with localized and mitigable impacts. Rehabilitation
& Upgrading of Pakpattan Canal is a Category B project. The project involves
rehabilitation and repair of an already existing structure without causing any permanent
change in the surrounding environment. All impacts shall be localised, limited and
mitigable. Such projects according to ADB require an IEE and EMP only.
Category C:
Criterion
Projects unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. It is not applicable on this
project
2.7
2.
3.
4.
5.
These standards apply to the gaseous emission and liquid effluents discharged by campsite
and construction machinery. The standards for vehicles will apply during the construction as
well as operation phase of the project. Precise standards for air quality are not available
under NEQS, 2000. The National Environmental Quality Standards (NEQS) 2000 specify the
following standards:
1.
The standard prescribes the maximum allowable concentration for 32 contaminants in the
municipal and liquid industrial effluents being discharged to the environment.
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Determinants which will be relevant to the contractors activity and discharges into inland
waters and their limits are listed in the following Table 2.1.
Table 2.1:
Determinant
Limit
Temperature
Ph
69
BOD5
80 mg/l
150 mg/l
200 mg/l
3500 mg/l
10 mg/l
0.1 mg/l
Ammonia
40 mg/l
Chlorine
1.0 mg/l
Chloride
1000.0 mg/l
Sulphate
600 mg/l
Manganese
1.5 mg/l
Fluroride
10 mg/l
1.0 mg/l
20 mg/l
-2
Sulphide (S )
1.0 mg/l
Pesticides
0.15 mg/l
Cadmium
0.1 mg/l
1.0 mg/l
Copper
1.0 mg/l
Lead
0.5 mg/l
Mercury
0.01 mg/l
Selenium
0.5 mg/l
Nickel
1.0 mg/l
Silver
1.0 mg/l
2.0 mg/l
Zinc
5.0 mg/l
Arsenic
1.0 mg/l
Barium
1.5 mg/l
Iron
8.0 mg/l
Boron
6.0 mg/l
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There are no prescribed limits for the concentrations of microbiological determinants which
will be required to be met by any wastewater discharged from the contractors work camps.
Appropriate international standards will be considered in the Environmental Management
Plan.
2.
Maximum allowable concentrations of air based pollutants at construction site are given in
Table 2.2:
Table 2.2:
Determinant
Limit
9 ppm (8 hours)
3.
35 ppm (1 hour)
140 ug/m3
100 ug/m3
While no environmental noise levels are currently in place, values have been submitted to
the Expert Advisory Committee on NEQS for consideration. The levels which are being
proposed are summarized in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3:
Category
Daytime dB(A)
(06:00 21:00)
Night-time dB(A)
(21:00 06:00)
Residential Area
55
45
Commercial Area
65
55
Industrial Area
75
70
Silence Zone
50
40
The Standard prescribed for maximum allowable noise levels for road vehicles and
construction machinery is 85 dB (measured 7.5m from vehicle/machinery).
2.8 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS
Pakistan is signatory to a number of International Conventions, Protocols and
Understandings relating to the environment. Those relevant to the project are described in
the following paragraphs.
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THE PROJECT
3.1 GENERAL
Pakpattan canal off takes from right side of Suleimanki Barrage with design discharge of
6594 cusec. With the construction of Sidhnai-Mailsi Bahawal Link (SMB Link), the main
canal was split into two parts viz Pakpattan Canal Upper from RD 0+000 to 567+372 and
Pakpattan Canal Lower from RD 568+000 to RD 667+000. Pakpattan canal lower draws its
supplies from Sidhnai Mailsi Bahawal (SMB) link with a new head regulator at RD 195+171 /
R of SMB Link. Gross Command Area (GCA) of Pakpattan canal is 1.4 lac acres whereas
Cultivated Command Area (CCA) is 1.29 lac acres which fall, mainly in Pakpattan and
Vehari districts.
3.2 CULTIVATED COMMAND AREA (CCA)
The Pakpattan Canal command is located between River Sutlej on its south and Old Sukh
Beas Nallah running along boundary of Lower Bari Doab Canal in its north. In the eastern
side it starts from the edge of the eastern border of Pakistan with India at Suleimanki
Barrage. The total length is approximately 134 miles extending up to Lodhran district from
the Suleimanki Barrage. The command area width varies and at places reaches up to 26
miles. The 90% command area falls in districts Pakpattan and Vehari. The remaining 10 %
area is in Okara and Lodhra districts.
3.3 PAKPATTAN MAIN CANAL
The whole main canal is divided into two parts viz Pakpattan Canal Upper from RD 0 to 568
and Pakpattan Canal Lower from RD 568 to 667. The upper canal and its associated
distribution system feed from Suleimanki Barrage and Lower section draws its supplies from
SMB Link with a new head regulator at RD 195 of SMB Link. The design discharge of
Pakpattan canal lower is 940 cusecs. Due to addition of additional area the canal was
allowed to run with a discharge of 1160 cusecs.
Khadir branch is the main branch off taking from Pakpattan upper at RD 112 with design
discharge of 2230 cusecs and irrigates area falling namely in Pakpattan and Vehari districts.
Two Link Canals are connected with Pakpattan Upper Canal. MP (Motgomery Pakpattan)
Link was constructed to deliver 1000 cusecs of supplies from LBDC (Lower Bari Doab
Canal) to Pakpattan Canal at RD 266. Water is run up to RD 406 Pakpattan Canal Upper,
from where it passes into Pakpattan-Islam Link for use at Islam Barrage i.e. non-perennial
feeding to Upper Bahawal Canal and Qaim Canal.
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Gates will be provided at Head of distributaries and minors where they do not
exist.
The analysis accommodation facilities along the canal for the irrigation staff and
Rest Houses need renovation.
The works include civil, mechanical and electrical works. The possible components of the
works are as follow:
Pakpattan Canal Upper was originally designed for a discharge of 6594 cusecs by Kennedy
Theory with bed width 180 ft, FSD 12 ft which was revised in 1972, and designed by lacey
theory having bed width 195 ft, FSD 10 ft using Lacey silt factor of 0.86. It is proposed to
tighten the section of the canal from last design 195 ft bed width to its original bed width 180
ft, and an increase in water depth by 2 ft. It will help to remove the silt bed to its original
level.
In order to reduce the D/S embayment and erosions consultants will check the structure
hydraulically and modify according to the design requirements during detail design stage. All
fall / x-regulator will be redesigned to control the flow conditions. Step drop structures are
proposed to be replaced with glacis type fall structure and stilling basin.
Mostly banks are eroded due to trespassing where there is populated area near the canal.
Previously to protect banks from erosion, cattle ghats were constructed which are in bad
shape. Therefore, to protect banks from erosion it is proposed to rehabilitate the existing
cattle ghats.
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Gates and hoisting arrangement need to be repaired for the proper functioning of the canal
system. Therefore it is proposed to construct/rehabilitate the head regulators and where ever
required gates and hoisting arrangement will be replaced.
Bank Strengthening
Bank strengthening is required in various reaches of Pakpattan Canal. Most of the channels
in the distribution system have insufficient free board. Therefore, it is proposed to attain
proper shape of the channel prism and strengthening of channel banks.
During condition survey it was found that embayment exists upstream and downstream of
structures in main canal as well as in distributaries and minors. It is proposed to provide
brick side protection works in the canal prism near structures as per requirements.
Most of the channels head regulators need deck platforms with railing and stairs; platforms
will be constructed of appropriate width and height where required. Slab widths at some
head regulators of the distributaries with already are to be increased for proper regulation.
Killa Bushing
Killa bushing will be provided to convert the channel section to its design parameters. Berms
developed by the Killa bushing will also increase the safety of canal.
Removal of Sarkanda
Sarkanda growth is common along the main canal and causes obstruction to flow. For
altering smooth flow in channel, sarkanda is proposed to be removed.
Due to split-up of PC discharge is reduced in tail reach of PC(U) and the channel is
meandering in wider section. To attain proper shape of the channel section it is proposed to
be redesigned and straightened for the actual flow.
Four distributaries 9L, 7R, 6R and 10L off-take from PC(U) at RD 546+830, 547+475,
547+581 and 567+382 respectively. As per discussion with field supervisory staff and
concerned officials, regulation problems exist there. It is proposed to construct a combined
distribution complex at RD 546+830 on PC (U) to regulate flows into distributaries.
Discharge D/S of RD 546+830 is reduced to 12.04 cusecs, it is proposed that the tail of the
PC (U) be curtailed at this point and a distributor complex be constructed and it may be
renamed as 10L Disty instead of PC (U)
3-4
IEE Report
Village Road Bridges, which are damaged or in dilapidated condition on Pakpattan Main
Canal and will be reconstructed/rehabilitated. New Village Road Bridges are also proposed
to be constructed to facilitate local people and avoid damage to the canal system.
In order to increase the work efficiency and facilitate the irrigation staff, Gauge Reader Huts
are proposed to be reconstructed / rehabilitated. Presently most of the huts are not in livable
condition.
Most of the Rest Houses and residences for the field staff were constructed during 1st and
2nd quarter of 20th century. No major rehabilitation work has been undertaken since then.
Most of these rest houses are not in satisfaction condition. To facilitate the supervisory staff
these rest houses/residences are proposed to be rehabilitated under PIAIP Project. These
rest houses can be used as FOs headquarter or meeting point in future. Boundary walls are
proposed to be constructed to ensure security as most of the rest houses do not have
boundary walls.
Diversion Channels
Diversion channels will be constructed (where required) to maintain the routine canal flows.
PID land is available along the canal and no private land will be acquired for this activity. The
excavated material will be back filled at the completion of project and land will be restored to
its original condition.
3-5
IEE Report
Source
Aggregate (crush)
Rip-rap material
Sand
3-6
Sr.
No.
6
7
IEE Report
Source
concrete
3-7
4.
IEE Report
4.1 GENERAL
The data were collected regarding the physical environment, biological environment and
social aspects of the study area during stakeholder consultation and technical visits
conducted by the environment team.
4.2 PROJECT AREA OF INFLUENCE (AOI)
The area of project influence referred as Area of Influence (AOI) is the area likely to be
affected by the project, including all its ancillary aspects such as canals, sites for proposed
diversion channel(s), escape channel(s), relocation and access roads, borrow and waste
disposal areas and labour camps as well as unplanned developments induced by the
project.
Although the major construction activities remain restricted to the construction site which is
along the canal and its distributaries, yet the situation in which construction related activities
could extend beyond the construction site include:
a)
The Labour camp site, batching plant, material storage depots, equipment
and machinery yards
b)
c)
d)
The canal command area falls in four districts; Okara, Pakpattan, Vehari and Lodhran out of
which the major part is covered in districts Pakpattan and Vehari. Other main cities/towns
located along the canal are Arifwala, Burewala, Mailsi, Luddan, Tibba Sultanpur, Gaggo,
Sahuka, Machiwal, Karampur, Shaikh Fazal and Thingi.
Overall environmental study area map is given in Figure 4.1.
4-1
Figure 4.1:
IEE Report
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4-3
IEE Report
The main land form units which exist in the Pakpattan canal command area are:
-
Recent Flood Plain covers about 12% of canal command area. It is further spilt into category
level plains (about 9%), bars and levees (about 3%). It lies along the right bank of river Sutlej
as a continuous strip and along the left bank of Sukh Beas in discontinuous patches. It is
partly subjected to inundation during high floods. Sub-Recent plain lies between recent flood
plain and Pleistocene river terrace. It occupies approximately 80% of the canal command
area and consists of level plain bar and levees. The remaining miscellaneous land consists
of roads, cities, industry, built-up area, canals etc.
4.3.2
Soil Types
The proposed Project area forms a part of the vast Indus plain, which is a part of the IndoGangetic depression. This depression is of a synclinal nature. Synclinorium depression is a
fore deep downward of the Himalayan foreland of variable depth, converted into flat plains
by the simple process of alluviation. The alluvial deposits are underlain by rocks of
Precambrian age. The soil of the level area is generally medium to coarse texture. Bar and
levees have medium to coarse material. In sub-recent flood plain the soils of the bar and
levees are relatively coarser while those of channels / basin are predominantly clayey1.
4.3.3
Surface Salinity
SCARPS Monitoring Organization (SMO) undertakes the study to identify the saline area in
Pakpattan canal command area. Portable digital conductivity meter was used to measure
the EC of 0-15cm soil. A total of 746 surface samples were tested for salinity categorization.
Four categories namely, non-saline (S1 (EC up to 4dS/m)), slightly saline (S2(EC between 4
to 8dS/m)), moderately saline (S3(EC between 8-15dS/m)) and strongly saline (S4(EC above
15dS/m)) were recognized and mapped. The percentage of saline area found within the
canal command area is summarized in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1:
Class
Percentage
90
Slightly Saline(S2)
Negligible
data obtained from Reconnaissance Soil Survey Report of Sahiwal and Multan areas prepared by Soil Survey of Pakistan
4-4
4.3.4
IEE Report
Seismicity Data
Earthquake in non-cohesive soil may cause serious problems. In extreme cases liquefaction
can occur if
Relative density is low
Initial confining pressure (overburden) is low
Earthquake intensity is high
Duration of ground shaking is long
National Seismic Monitoring Centre of Pakistan issued the seismic zone map for Pakistan,
as shown in Figure 4.3. Pakpattan canal command area falls in low hazard area and low risk
associated with the infrastructure found in this area.
Figure 4.3:
4-5
IEE Report
4.4 HYDROLOGY
The main source of water within the AOI can be divided into surface water and groundwater.
4.4.1
Surface Water
Pakpattan canal system is the main source of the surface water within the canal command
area. There are some seasonal nallahs which run during the monsoon period but due to lack
of any collection and storage infrastructure, it is too scant and unreliable to be of any
agricultural or other use. Pakpattan canal is a perennial canal and closes only for cleaning
purpose. The main canal is divided into two parts; Upper Pakpattan and Lower Pakpattan
canal. The Upper canal off-takes from river Sutlej at Suleimanki Barrage and Lower canal
feed through SMB Link canal. M.P Link canal is another source of upper Pakpattan canal
and brings about 1000 cusecs of water from L.B.D.C. Pakpattan-Islam Link canal off-take
from upper Pakpattan at RD 406 and takes about 1000 cusecs of Upper Pakpattan canal
water to Islam Barrage to accommodate the discharge of Upper Bahawal and Qaim Canal.
The discharge capacity of the Upper Pakpattan canal at the head regulator (Suleimanki
Barrage) is 6,594 cusecs.
Irrigation Standards
Guideline of FAO Paper 29, Hanson et al., 1999 and WAPDA, are used to interpret
infiltration issues resulting from the use of Pakpattan Canal waters for irrigation. FAO has
defined infiltration as a function of both Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Electrical
Conductivity (EC) whereas WAPDA Standards (described in table 4.2) define infiltration as a
function of SAR and or Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) only.
Table 4.2:
Symbols
Usable
Marginal
Hazardous
EC x 106 S/cm
0 1500
1500 3000
> 3000
RSC (meq/l)
0 2.5
2.5 5.0
> 5.0
SAR (mg/l)
0 10
10 18
> 18
Human Consumption
The canal water analysis indicates that water quality does not meet the WHO drinking water
standards and is not fit for human consumption for drinking without any treatment (results
attached in appendix 4.1)
Recreation Use
The canal can be used for recreational activities i.e. bathing, water sports etc as the canal
water quality meets the available standard for recreational purposes (results included in
appendix 4.1) USA Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), 2003 defines maximum limit
of E-coil equal to 126 per 100ml for freshwater for recreational use.
4-6
IEE Report
Plate 4.1:
As the constructed ponds do not serve the purpose, animals use the canal water and
damage the canal banks.
4-7
Plate 4.2:
4.4.2
IEE Report
Flood Record
Under Second Flood Protection Sector Project (FPSP-II), flood risk maps for 5 year and 50
year return period were developed for Sutlej River; part of the map shown in Figure 4.4. The
map indicates the potential area inundated during flood. This information will be used to
prepare the flood protection plan and contractors facilities set up e.g. labour camp, batching
plant, plant & equipment yard etc during detailed design and project implementation phase.
Five (5) years and fifty (50) years flood calculated at Suleimanki barrage from the statistical
analysis are approximately 125,000 cusecs and 350,000 cusecs respectively. The historical
record of major flood pass through the Suleimanki barrage is summarized in Table 4.3.
Table 4.3:
Years
Discharge
through Through Breaches in Total
weir (Cusecs)
Flood Embankment
(Cusecs)
1942
1943
1947
1950
1955
1988
1995
325,000
309,000
360,000
332,000
422,000
400,000
302,000
Nil
Nil
Nil
Nil
175,000
100,000
Nil
325,000
309,000
360,000
332,000
597,000
500,000
302,000
The most recent flood that caused breach in RMB at Suleimanki barrage and damaged
Pakpattan upper and Khadir branch occurred in 1988. There was no flood in 2010 as the
flood only occurred in western rivers (Rivers Sindh, Jehlum and Chenab).
4-8
IEE Report
Legend
Figure 4.4:
4-9
4.4.3
IEE Report
Groundwater
Unconfined aquifer can be found as shallow as five 5m depth from ground level at some
places along the canal. The aquifer constitutes loose sand of high permeability. Hand pumps
and tubewells are the two most common sources of groundwater within the canal command
area. Groundwater is mainly used for drinking and agriculture purposes.
Groundwater Quality in Canals Command Area
The secondary data for groundwater quality has been collected from Directorate of Land
Reclamation and SMO offices for canals command area. The groundwater was classified on
the basis of laboratory analysis arranged by SMO for Electrical Conductivity (EC), Sodium
Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) during 2003-04. For ease in
description, the groundwater has been expressed as usable, marginal and hazardous for
irrigation as determined by the adverse value of any of the above mentioned three
parameters. The classification criteria used is not intended to be strict in relation to the
effects of irrigation water on soil and crop growth which can be truly adjusted according to
environmental factors such as climate, type of soil, crops grown and management practices.
SMO also carried out testing for pH and EC in the field by using digital portable pH and EC
meters and sent all the water samples to the laboratory for detailed chemical analysis. The
samples were analyzed for pH, soluble cations, soluble anions, dissolved salts, EC, SAR
and RSC. These parameters are used for the classification of water as usable, marginal and
hazardous. The parameters associated with these classifications are as follow:
Usable
Marginal
SAR >18mg/l;
Using the above parameters, 609 water samples were collected out of which 345 were from
hand pumps and 264 from shallow tubewells (SMOs publication No. 29). The results are
summarized in Table 4.4.
Table 4.4:
Source
Usable (%)
Marginal (%)
Hazardous (%)
Hand pumps
61
30
Tubewells
75
21
Water quality of tubewells is relatively better than that of hand pumps mainly because the
depth of extraction is deeper in case of tubewells.
4-10
IEE Report
Relative Humidity
(%)
60
40
20
0
1
J
2
F
3
M
7
J
J
Months
10
11
12
4-11
IEE Report
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1
10
11
12
Temperature (0C)
25
20
15
10
5
0
1
10
11
12
4-12
IEE Report
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
10
11
12
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
1
10
11
12
Wind
The Wind velocity and direction in the project area is dominated by monsoon winds
(seasonal winds) blowing from sea to land in summer and from land to sea in winter. During
the summer months the landmass of Asia rises in temperature, the air above it heats up and
rises. As a result, low pressure areas are formed over the landmass in contrast to high
pressure area over Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal. The predominant wind direction during
the summer months is therefore to the northeast and north from the Arabian Sea.
Additionally, the Bay of Bengal monsoon air stream from the southeast markedly influences
the northeastern parts of the country. In the winter months, the temperature of the land
decreases and high-pressure area is created in the northeast of the country resulting in land
4-13
IEE Report
winds blowing towards the south and southwest. The wind speed is usually higher in
summer and causes dust storm.
4.5 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
The existing macro-habitats within the project area include the agricultural and barren lands.
4.5.1
Flora
Plate 4.3:
4-14
IEE Report
Fauna
About a century ago, wildlife species of the canal command area included neel gai (blue
bull), Chankara deer, Hog deer, wolves, wild cat, hyenas and leopards. But due to the
development of irrigation system during 1920s and construction of new cities including
Vehari, Burawala, Arifwala etc the habitats of some of these animals were distracted and
they become extinct in this area. Also vigorous hunting and killing during last three to four
decades eradicated some of the above species from this part of the world.
There is no wildlife sanctuary or game reserve or any other protected area within the canal
command area. It was informed by the District Officer Wildlife Vehari that recently the turtles
found in canal water were caught illegally and smuggled to Thailand because of their
demand in restaurants. Therefore the wildlife department staff inspects the canal on regular
basis to stop its illegal pouching.
4-15
IEE Report
Fauna finds within the canal command area are given below:
Mammals
Species
Scientific Name
Status
IUCN Status
Mongoose
Herpestes anropunctatous
Common
Least Concern
Porcupine
Hystrise indica
Common
Least Concern
Hedge Hog
Hemiechinus spp.
Common
Not Evaluated
Fox
Valpes bengalensis
Rare
Least Concern
Jackal
Canis aureus
Common
Least Concern
Wild Boar
Sus scrofa
Common
Least Concern
House Rat
Rattus rattus
Common
Least Concern
Hare
Lepus nigricollis
Common
Least Concern
Scientific Name
Frogs
Toads
Erys Johnii
Natrix piscator
Status
Common
Common
Common
Common
IUCN Status
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Xenochrophis
cerasogaster
Veranus
bengalensis
Common
Not Evaluated
Common
Not Evaluated
Common
Not Evaluated
Flap Shells
Species
Scientific Name
Status
IUCN Status
Lissymes punctata
Common
Least Concern
Kachuga Smithin
Common
Not Evaluated
Species
Scientific Name
Status
IUCN Status
Halcyon smyrnensis
Common
Least Concern
Pied kingfisher
Ceryle rudis
Common
Least Concern
Little egret
Egretta garryetta
Common
Not Evaluated
Cattle egret
Bubulcus ibis
Common
Least Concern
Pond heron
Areleola grayii
Common
Not Evaluated
Little bittern
Ixobrychus minutus
Common
Least Concern
Birds
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IEE Report
Red-vented bulbul
Pyenonotus cafer
Common
Not Evaluated
Rosy starling
Sturnus vulgaris
Common
Not Evaluated
Common myna
Acridotheres tristis
Common
Least Concern
Bank myna
House crow
Large pied wagtail
Ring dove
Little brown dove
Indian roller
Acridotheres
ginginianus
Corvas splendens
Motacilla
maderaspatensis
Streptopelia
decaocto
Streptopelia
senegalensis
Coracias
benghalensis
Common
Common
Common
Common
Common
Common
Least Concern
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Least Concern
Least Concern
Least Concern
Purple sunbird
Nectarinia asiatica
Common
Not Evaluated
Indian robin
Saxicoloides fulicata
Common
Least Concern
Asian koel
Eudynamys
scolopacea
Common
Least Concern
Common
Least Concern
Common
Not Evaluated
Tyto alba
Common
Least Concern
Spotted owlet
Athene brama
Common
Least Concern
Blue-rock pigeon
Columba livia
Common
Least Concern
Yellow-throated sparrow
Petronia xanthocollis
Common
Least Concern
Sind sparrow
Passer pyrrhonotus
Common
Least Concern
River tern
Sterna aurantia
Common
Least Concern
Golden-back woodpecker
Dinopium javanense
Yellow-crowned
Dendrocopos
woodpecker
mahrattensis
Barn owl
Himantopus
himantopus
Common
Least Concern
Cattle egret
Bubulcus ibis
Common
Least Concern
Common coot
Fulica atra
Common
Not Evaluated
4-17
IEE Report
Common pochard
Aythya ferina
Common
Least Concern
Actitis hypaleucus
Common
Not Evaluated
Pond heron
Ardeola Grayti
Common
Not Evaluated
River tern
Sterna aurantia
Common
Least Concern
Fish
One hundred and twenty seven species of fresh water fish have been recognized in Indus
River and its tributaries, comprising 59 cyprinids, 33 slurries, 2 clupeids and 33 others. Of
these most important are Palla (Tenua losa ilisha) and Mahasheer (Torputitora spp.) which
are exceptional species and powerful game fish. But due to construction of a series of
barrages Palla cannot migrate from sea upwards and is almost extinct from river and canals
waters. Upward breeding movement of Mahasheer is also restricted due to barrages.
The data included in this section is collected during the site meeting with the fishing
contractors and visit to the local Fisheries Department. Local survey on canal and meeting
with selected fishermen were also done. It has been reported that the fisheries Department
lease out the fishing rights of Pakpattan canal for 62,000 rupees per annum. Mainly the fish
is exported to big cities like Multan, Lahore, and Karachi etc., however small quantity of fish
is sold to the local shops. Specially designed net (Jal) by the fishermen are the common tool
of catching fish. The most common types of fish found in the canal are Gulfam, Sangari,
Raho and Mori. The fishing season commences in October and ends by mid February.
It can be generally stated that as long as there is no drastic change in the general river
habitat there is hardly any impact on Fish in Pakpattan canal. Anyway, the biological
interbalance in the ecosystem is healthy that all minor changes would not cross the limits of
ecological shock absorbers.
4-18
Plate 4.4:
Local Name
Daula
Dumbra
Bam (Eel)
Khagga
Mori
Mullee
Rohu
Soul
Singhara
Thaila
IEE Report
IEE Report
respondents were 200 in numbers, selected randomly in the entire project area during the
field study. Table 4.5 illustrates the picture of respondents family members.
Table 4.5 Respondents Family Members
Sr.
No
1
2
3
4
Districts
Male
Female
Okara
164
132
Pakpattan
208
178
Vehari
257
212
Lodhran
112
98
Total:741
580
Source: PIAIP Consultants Field Survey
Total
Population
296
386
469
210
1361
Percentage of Female
Population
45
46
45
47
46
The table indicates that total population of the respondent is 1361 in number where female
population rate is low, i.e., 44 percent of the total population. The average family size is 6.8
members with exceptional cases vary from four (4) to 27 members per household. In case of
maximum family members, people are used to living together in the same boundary wall in
different rooms.
Age Group
Age is another important demographic characteristic which has a bearing on the
employment and mobility. A study of distribution of heads of households by age will throw
some light on the type of strategies which may be helpful in raising their income and
employment.
The data regarding the distribution of head of household by age categories is presented in
Table 4.6. The most striking feature of the data presented is the predominance of relatively
mature persons in the study area, i.e., 32 percent of the respondents were falling in the age
category of 36-45 years. However, the respondents falling in the lowest and highest age
groups were present with equal proportion of 22 percent. 24 percent out of the total surveyed
respondents were representing the 2nd lowest age category.
Table 4.6:
Sr.
No.
1.
15-25
No. of
Respondents
44
2.
26-35
48
24
3.
36-45
64
32
4.
46-60
44
22
200
100
Age Group
Total
% age of Respondents
22
4-20
IEE Report
The combination of new and old culture is found in the Project area, although the
young generation is fond of modern culture. The influence of religion on daily life of
the people is distinctly felt and their conduct is regulated by the dictation of the
religion. Majority of the population follows Islamic traditions, which is well practiced in
rural area and has high moral value in the society.
Food of the inhabitants is very simple. Wheat and rice are generally eaten in the
Project area. The use of Desi ghee, milk and lassi is very popular in the rural area,
which is available in sufficient quantity. However, the residents near city have started
using different packed cereals in breakfast.
Shalwar Qamiz is the most commonly worn dress both among men and women of
the Project area. However, Government officials and students use western dress,
i.e., trouser and coat during the day time and indigenous dress is worn at home in the
evening. Female dress is also very simple and consists of Shalwar, Farak and
Dopatta.
The use of ornaments among the females is also common. The females decorate
themselves with necklace, Ballis, Tikka and Churies (bangle).
Marriage is a special happy occasion in the family, which is performed with all its
charms by singing and dancing. The people of the family and adjacent locality are
invited by the bridegrooms family and are entertained with delicious meals. The
brides parents donate the dowry to the girl for equipping her new house.
Joint family system is predominant in the Project area. However, new life style and
cultural impacts from the outside world have directly influenced the family system,
gradually shifting it to the nuclear family system.
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IEE Report
enhances the beauty of the occasion. People of same baradri usually have sympathetic
feelings for each other. In nutshell, Baradri is a sign of solidarity and unity.
The Project area is inhabited by people of different baradri, tribes and races. The tribal and
ethnic affiliations are showing sign of weakening with the expansion of modern education
and social intermixing besides the emergence of a new effluent class of people working
abroad in the Middle East and other places where money or financial soundness becomes
the hallmark rather than ethnic or tribal association. However, Syed, Watto, Jat, Joyia, Arian,
Bhatti, kharal, Gujjar, Rajput, Malik, Mochi, Ansari and Rahmani families are present in the
Project Area.
Religion
Majority of the population is Sunni Muslims but Ahl-e-Hadis (Wahabis) and Ahl-e-Tashih are
also present in a cordial atmosphere of co-existence. The people of all the sects are usually
living peacefully; there is no sectarian feeling among people of different sects. Christians are
also living comfortably side by side.
Settlement Pattern
The availability of water determines the location of hamlets/settlements. Dwellings are of
permanent in nature and distance varies from 0-1km from the metalled roads. The
population of the Project area is totally based on rural setup. Villages are the main
settlements; the numbers of houses vary from 40 to 1500 in a village while the homesteads
usually belong to single family, which is built in its own agriculture land.
Habitation
Housing facilities of the households reflect their financial position and living standard.
Habitation is identified as a space occupied for dwelling purposes and is further classified
according to the type of structure into three categories, i.e., Pacca, semi pacca and Kacha.
People have constructed their houses for their own residing purpose. This statement is
endorsed by the field investigation which shows that significant majority (95 percent) of the
population is living in their own houses and only a few, five (5) percent are living free of cost
in the landlord house in return for providing the farm service to land owners. None of the
respondent found living in rented house.
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IEE Report
People of the project area are found to reside mostly in the 1st and 2nd housing categories,
depending upon the financial condition of a household. The size of these houses varies from
816 sq.ft to 5712 sq.ft. The third housing category is simple and self constructed with
minimum furnishings. Table 4.7 gives detail of the respondents housing characteristics.
Table 4.7:
Housing Characteristic of the Respondent
Housing
Percentage
Sr. No.
Respondents
Characteristics
(%)
1.
Pacca
90
45
2.
Semi Pacca
65
33
3.
Kacha
45
22
200
100
Total:
Drinking water
Availability and quality of drinking water are not the concerns of the majority of natives of the
Project area due to good quality of groundwater. However, the people residing in Tehsil
Duniapur are facing the brackish groundwater. Perhaps, this is the reason that tap water
facility through government water supply schemes is almost non-existent in the Project area,
though it is required in the Duniapur area. People have installed water pumps which are
either operated manually or by electricity. The installation cost of the pump is nominal and
local population is enjoying this facility. There are instances that hand pumps are installed at
the distributary bank In Duniapur, where women are fetching water to their homes to meet
the domestic water requirements.
In addition, tube wells are very common for irrigation purpose. The good sign is that, owners
also make their tube wells open for others to provide access for drinking water. However, the
owners of tube wells are complaining regarding the power failure or increase in the prices of
fuel, which makes it hard for operating the pumps.
Communication Infrastructures
The villages of the Project area are normally connected with main road(s) and district
headquarters through metalled roads, although these roads require extensive repair and
maintenance. Railway link is also available in the Project area. The telephone facility by
Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is also available but at limited scale.
However, there is a growing trend of utilization of cell phones by the local people due to easy
access to connections.
Health
Health condition is one of the major determinants of a societys social development and
quality of life. The overall health condition of the residents is good in the Project Area, as no
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serious disease was reported by the respondents except the water borne diseases.
However, few hepatitis patients were also found in the study area.
The health facilities provided by the government in the Project area are very limited.
Therefore, people are compelled to consult private practitioners and Hakeem2 etc. for their
medical treatment. The licensed lady health visitor is almost nonexistent in the area; major
reliance is on the traditional childbirth attendant for assisting the delivery, which is the only
service available in the project area.
Education
The educational facilities available by the government are not adequate, and people have
the option to send their children to private schools for education or in the nearest town(s) for
higher education, which the poor parents find difficult to afford.
However, people are more interested in imparting religious education to their children and
happily send them to the mosques for reading the Holy Quran through the Clergy, Imam of
the mosque. This religious education is normally provided free of cost. Table 4.8 depicts the
picture of available educational facilities in the Project area.
Sr. No.
1
Table 4.8:
Access to Education Facilities
No. of School(s)
Male
Female
Primary School
8
13
Total
21
Middle School
10
18
High School
Private
Co-education
12
Total:
55
Literacy Status
According to district population census report 1998, a person is treated as literate who can
read a newspaper or journal of same standard and write a simple letter in any language.
Literacy is measured as the ratio in percentage of literate population to the corresponding
population aged 10 and above. However, the literacy ratio in the Project area varies from 38
to 62 percent and the literacy rate among the male is higher (59 percent) than the females
(41 percent) of the study area.
Power Supply
Electricity is available in most of the villages of the Project area, but the residents are
complaining about the load shedding, which adversely affects their routine daily business.
Firewood and kerosene oil are the major sources of energy in case of non-availability of
electricity. Fire wood is used for cooking and heating purpose, which is collected by the
2
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villagers by lopping dried branches of bushes or from self grown trees. However, few people
also use the gas cylinder for cooking.
Social Amenities
The sample respondents were inquired during socio-economic survey about the presence of
utilities in their homes to develop the social baseline of the area. A significant majority (90
percent) of the respondents have electricity, only one (1) percent has the facilities of
government water supply schemes. Similarly, two (2) percent have landline telephone
facilities, whereas none of the respondents is enjoying the facilities of Sui gas and drainage
system as given in Table 4.9.
Sr. No
Table 4.9:
Social Amenities
Social Amenities Frequency
1.
Electricity
2.
(%) age
180
90
Water Supply
3.
Sui Gas
4.
Telephone
5.
Drainage
Occupation
It is useful to have information about the occupational distribution of head of households.
Such information will facilitate better planning and execution of the project. The occupational
/professional status of the respondents as given in table 4.10 indicates that about 52 percent
are farmers, and the remaining are livestock holders nineteen (19) percent, laborers twelve
(12) percent, government/private employees eleven (11) percent, businessmen ten (10)
percent, and student are also reported to be one (1) percent. The students are treated as
unemployed.
Table 4.10:
Sr. No.
Profession
Profession/Business
Number
of Respondents
Percentage
(%)
Farmers
94
47
Livestock holders
38
19
Laborers
26
12
Govt. / Private
21
11
19
10
Employees
5
Businessmen
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Unemployed/Student
Total
200
100
Income Levels
The household income related to various professions like farming, livestock management,
labor, business enterprises, services and remittances from abroad is reflected in Table 4.11.
Table 4.11 Household Income
Sr.
No
Income
Level (Rs./Month)
Number of
Households
Percentage (%)
of household
Up to 5000
53
27
5001-10000
88
44
10001-15000
31
15
28
14
200
100
Total
The survey finding shows that majority (44 percent) of the households are falling in the 2 nd
lowest income category. The people of this income category are medium farmers, livestock
holders and employees in the private sectors. Contrary to this, the respondents falling in the
highest income category are just 15 percent. There are big farmers, businessmen and
people receiving remittances from their relatives/sons living abroad (mostly in Middle East or
Europe). The persons falling in the lowest income category is 27 percent. These are mostly
the small farmers and tenant who hardly get the crop produce for even household use, with
an overall meager monthly income. In addition, the people of this particular income level are
laborours or servants of the landlord families. The persons fall in the income level 3 are
usually farmers, shopkeepers and government employees who can make that much income
on monthly basis.
Expenditures
The expenditures of the household include food expenses, non-food expenses (washing,
bathing, clothing and shoes expenses), educational expenses, utility expenses and health
expenses. The food and non-food expenses were inquired on monthly basis while the
responses over the other expenses were obtained on yearly basis. Detail of the household
expenditures is given in the Table 4.12.
Table 4.12:
Sr. No.
Household Expenditures
Expenditures Level
Number of
Percentage (%)
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(Rs./Month)
5000 and below
Household
52
of household
26
5001-10000
88
44
10001-15000
54
27
200
100
Total
The table shows that the family expenditures of most of the households (71 percent) vary
from Rs. 5,001 to Rs. 15,000, whereas families spending Rs. 5,000 and below per month on
their household expenditures are almost one eighth of the total families. Interestingly, the
income of same number (one eighth) of families is also Rs. 5,000 and below. This scenario
indicates that low-income families of the Project area do not possess any saving capacity.
Contrary to this, families who spend more than Rs. 15, 000 per month are merely 3 percent
of the total interviewed families. One can conclude that low-income families of the Project
area have no saving capacity; rather they are surviving on day-to-day basis, whereas highincome families have much more saving capacity as compared to their income.
Land Holding
Land is the major determinant of farm income and the control over land has a direct bearing
on farmers ability to earn. The information regarding the size of land holding is presented in
Table 4.13. The table indicates that majority of the respondents have very small land
holdings; almost 75 percent of the respondents have landholdings of less than 15.1 acres.
Only 15 percent have landholdings in the range of 15.1-30 acres. There is no large and
feudal farmer among the respondents; just 14 percent are having their maximum
landholding, ranging from 30.1-60 acres. The main reason for small landholding is the
fragmentation of land through a process of inheritance from one generation to other and
second is growing trend towards land selling on commercial basis. However, in most of the
cases, it is very hard for the family to sustain their livelihood over farming due to small land
holding; so the family members remain involved in other income generating activities
simultaneously.
Table 4.13:
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
Holding Size
(Acres)
Up to 5
5.1-15
15.1-30
30.1-60
Total
Number of
Respondents
42
28
14
10
94
Percentage (%)
of Respondents
45
30
15
10
100
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Tenancy
Tenancy is not very common in the Project area, because agricultural land is limited;
therefore people prefer to cultivate land by themselves. However, there are instances that
people give their land on tenancy basis due to the following reasons:
Absentee Landlord
There are two types of tenancy, one to lease out the land and other on sharecropping basis.
The exact terms of its arrangements may differ from area to area. In case of leasing the
land, both the parties reach over mutual agreement regarding the price, tenure and other
land obligations. Once the owner gets the land rent, he quits from all land related matters till
the end of the agreement. The land rent is varying in Project area, ranging between
Rs. 10,000-25,000/acre on annual basis depending upon the land category.
In case of tenancy arrangement on sharecropping basis, the land and canal water are
provided by the landowner, whereas all fieldwork is undertaken by the tenants. The
preparation of land is either the responsibility of the tenant; but there are instances that cost
is shared between both the parties. If fertilizers/pesticides are used, it is common that tenant
pays in proportion of his crop share. If the tenant provides labor only, he normally receives
one-fifth of the crop product. If he arranges half of the input cost then his share increases to
50 percent. Tenancy status is given in Table 4.14.
Table 4.14:
Cultivator Status
Sr. No.
Cultivator
Number
Percentage (%)
1.
Owner
66
70
2.
Tenant
16
17
3.
12
13
94
100
Total
The table reveals that the owner cultivators are dominant in the Project area. It is understood
that due to small landholding, the owners prefer to cultivate land by themselves for meeting
their household expenses.
Livestock
Livestock plays an important role in the rural economy of the study area as a source of farm
power and of protein and fat as well as cash income to the rural households. The farm yard
manure produced also helps in improving the texture and fertility of soil. The livestock
rearing is made at very large scale in the Project area. Almost all the households who have
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their link with the agriculture are rearing the cattle. All the domestic animals like buffalo, cow,
calve, goat and donkey are reared in the Project area.
Grazing Rights
The vegetation along the bank of Pakpattan canal, Khadar branch, PI link canal, and
distributaries etc is usually used for grazing purpose, although the concerned department
disallows cattle entry but due to availability of water, the shepherds prefer to go there. The
agricultural fields are also used for grazing after crop harvesting which adds manure to the
fields and improving the soil fertility.
Economics of Livestock
Livestock economics includes income from meat, income from selling live heads and income
from livestock by- products such as yogurt, butter & ghee. The livestock economics is mainly
linked with the selling of milk, which is sold at large scale in the Project area, although the
animals as live heads for meat purposes are also sold in the market but on a limited scale.
The best time for selling is near Eid-ul-Azha festival when prices reach the highest level.
Social Organization
Social organization refers to group dynamics, role-playing and conflict resolution mechanism
in a given social situation aiming at functional network and linkages prevailing in the
community. The nature of social relationship and international processes provide meaningful
understanding within structure and functioning of social organizations with respect to any
development activity. The consultants carried out PRA (Participatory Rural Appraisal)
studies to understand the phenomenon with respect to proposed project.
The prominent social organizations emerging at the village level are:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
Zakat Committee
Mosque Committee
Khal Punchyat
Punchayat (Informal Village Council)
Union Council (Formal)
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IEE Report
Conflict Management
People are normally very docile and the existence of incidents of criminal nature is low.
However, in most of the areas, social disputes have happened but they were also of minor
nature. The conflicts of minor nature are usually resolved by the elders system while the
serious ones are referred to the police/court. There are incidents that the cases of even
serious nature, which were previously referred to police/court, were later solved through the
elder system.
Education
The most prominent issue of concern among the local population is lack of educational
facilities, as they showed dissatisfaction with existing educational facilities. Hence, parents
have to send their children to other villages and towns for education purpose. It becomes
more difficult especially to send girls to far off places for education due to poor transportation
facilities and long distance between homes and schools.
Health
The non-availability of health facilities particularly affects women and children. In almost all
localities, people complained that fatalities sometimes occur when patients are being
transferred to hospitals in the main cities. Even the staff is inadequate at the tehsil and
district level hospitals; resultantly people have to be content with the private health care
facilities. However, private treatment is not affordable for the majority of the population.
Access Roads
The population highlighted issues related to poor quality of access/link roads. They said that
due to poor quality of access or link roads, communication is very difficult especially during
the rainy season. Kacha roads severely hampered the movement of agricultural products
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IEE Report
and school going children and patients needing emergency treatment at hospital. They
added that provision of better transportation facilities is not possible due to bad condition of
the roads infrastructure in the area.
Unemployment
The issue related to unemployment or underemployment was largely raised by marginalized
men and women in the surveyed communities, their major concern was lack of employment
opportunities for educated youth.
4.8 GENDER ISSUES AND ANALYSIS
Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behavior, activities and attributes that a
particular society considers appropriate for men and women.
Age Group in Women
The data regarding the distribution of head of household by age categories is presented in
Table 4.15. The respondent women normally fall in the age category between 15 to 70
years. The most striking feature of the data presented is the predominance of relatively
young persons in the study area, i.e., 33 percent of the respondents were falling in the age
category of 21-30 years. Contrary to this, only seven (7) percent existed in the high age
group, while 26 and 18 percent of the head of the households are falling in the age groups of
31-40 and 41-50 respectively.
Table 4.15 Respondents age group
Sr. No
1
2
3
4
5
Age Group
15-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
Above 50
Total
Number of
respondents
32
66
52
36
14
200
Percentage
16
33
26
18
7
100
Caste System
Caste system is a type of social structure which divides people on the basis of inherited
social status. Although many societies could be described in this way, people are rigidly
expected to marry and interact with people of the same social class. Project area has a well
known example of a caste system, and various forms of caste systems can be found viz Jat.,
Gujar, Bhatti, Awan, Qureshi, Pathan, Bhutta, Kamboh, Rajput, Arain, Malik, Baloch,
Mughal, Khokhar, Kharal, and Machi.
Language of the Respondents
The women respondents were asked about their mother tongue .A significant majority of the
women, 85 percent speak Punjabi as their mother tongue and only 15 percent women are
reportedly Saraiki speaking. Detail is given in Table 4.16.
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Language
Punjabi
Saraiki
Total
Number of
respondents
170
30
200
Percentage
85
15
100
Marital Status
Table 4.17 shows that out of total 250 women respondents, 60 percent are married, 32
percent are single and only six (8) percent are reported widow. The majority of the
respondents, 48 percent got married within the age group of 15 to 20 years and rest of the
women got married at the age of 21-30 years. The field study reveals that parents are doing
their utmost to arrange the marriage of their daughters before reaching to the age of 20
years but lack of proper proposal and prevalence of poverty causes delay in marriages.
Table 4.17:
Sr.
No
1
2
3
Marital Status
Single
Married
Widow
Total
Marital Status
Number of
respondents
80
148
12
250
Percentage
32
60
8
100
Educational Status
Education is the knowledge of putting ones potentials to maximum utilization level.
Education makes man a right thinker, which guides a person for making the true decision.
Education is a basic need and requirement of human beings in all societies. It is playing
important role in socio-economic development of the country. Educational level of surveyed
women can be viewed in Table 4.18.
Table 4.18:
Sr.
No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Education
Level
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Matric
F.A
B.A
M.A
M.Phil
Total
Number of
respondents
118
24
4
22
12
16
2
Percentage
59
12
2
11
6
8
1
200
100
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4-33
Plate 4.6:
IEE Report
Number of
Percentage
respondents
House Wives
170
85
Working Women
30
15
Total
200
100
Income Level of Respondents in rupees
1000-2000
8
4
2001-5000
6
3
5001-10000
4
2
10001-15000
6
3
Above 15000
6
3
Total
30
15
Occupation
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5.
IEE Report
The analysis of alternatives for the project is a vital part of the environmental assessment
process as it gives the opportunity to review and assess different ways of meeting the
project objectives so that the environmental impact of the project is minimal. The following
options/alternatives were analyzed for the assessment of strengths and weaknesses of the
proposed project:
No Project Option (Worst Case Scenario)
Constructing New Canal System.
Rehabilitation & Upgrading Existing Canal System.
5.1 NO PROJECT OPTION (WORST CASE SCENARIO OPTION)
Strength and Opportunities
There will be no adverse social impacts as no land will be taken from private/illegal
settlers and for immigrating new settlers.
The recurring cost of the Project will be avoided.
The irrigation system downstream of the canal command area (CCA) of Pakpattan
Canal shall not be interrupted due to project activities.
Loss of agriculture land which may be required for the borrowing area and contractors
facilities will be avoided.
Weakness and Threats
The aging process along with inadequate/deferred maintenance has contributed to a
general deterioration of different components/structures and heavy damages to the
regulating gates and hoisting equipment. Any serious damage to the canal can result in
colossal losses in the form of total or partial disruption of irrigation supplies, non/lessproduction of agricultural crops within the canals command area, loss of government
revenue, rehabilitation cost of emergency repairs, thus adversely affecting the national
economy in additional to human sufferings beside multitude of social and
environmental hazards.
There will be loss of property and agricultural land due to uncontrolled breaching along
the weakened and damaged banks of the canal.
The local population shall be denied employment and training during project
construction phase and later through escalated economic activities.
Around 13,900 Acres of land, property and infrastructure may be flooded in the event
of high flood such as the one that occurred in 1988.
5-1
5.2
IEE Report
5-2
IEE Report
option has been rejected on the basis of higher adverse environmental and social impacts
besides being not viable financially. Rehabilitation of the existing canals is considered the
best option in respect of environmental & social aspects. The work scheme also provides the
most cost effective solution of the problems identified in feasibility and design calculations.
5-3
6.
IEE Report
PUBLIC CONSULTATION
6.1 GENERAL
Timely and broad-based stakeholder involvement is an essential element for an effective
environmental assessment, as it is linked with Project Planning, appraisal and development
in general. Public involvement during Environmental Assessment (EA) has a tendency to
improve project design environmental soundness and social acceptability. A meaningful
consultation is also a requirement for ADB projects under ADBs SPS 2009.
6.2
6.2.1
CONSULTATION METHODOLOGY
Stakeholder Identification
iii.
Civil Societies
iv.
The groups or institutions identified as stakeholder under each category were listed below:
1.
2.
Local Communities
a)
b)
c)
Fishing communities
d)
Female-head household
e)
Government
There can be many departments who can be indirectly related to the project but those who
have high relevance include;
f)
Punjab Irrigation Department (including both top and low ranked officers and
staff)
3.
g)
h)
EPA
Civil Society Institution that may have relevance to the Project includes various
NGOs working for the construction and social development
4.
Private sector bodies can be commercial e.g. plantation manager, fishing contractors
etc
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IEE Report
Official Name
Title
Phone #
0619200144
Shaikh Nawaz
Superintending Engineer
Pakpattan Canal, Irrigation
Dept.
0409200217
Javaid Iqbal
0457373878
Maqbool Bhatti
0444780155
03006059754
Rizwana Anjum
042-9250183
042-99250181
0673362806
Muhammad Irshad
Assistant Agriculture
Engineer, Water
Management Office, Vehari
0673364806
6-2
Sr. #
a.
IEE Report
Official Name
Title
Phone #
10
Faheem Naseem
03336878606
11
Rana Safdar
03026948139
12
Abdul Qayyum
0442529824
13
Abdul Rauf
03007828186
14
042-9250181
15
Zahid Farooq
0673362729
16
Muhammad Rafie
0300 7532980
17
042-9211695
18
Sohail Anwar
19
Khurshid Ahmad
20
Munzor Ahmad
21
22
23
24
Nasim-ur-Rehman Syed
042-9232228
25
Muhammad Khurram
Agha
DCO, Vehari
0673362122
26
M.P. Gondal
0333 5218915
03004581753
Members of public and their representatives were also consulted to introduce the Project
formally to the local community and get their opinion about the Project. Gender study was
also carried out to include the women of the community in this survey.
6-3
6.3
1.
IEE Report
2.
3.
Resettlement Plan (RP) will be prepared to facilitate the affectees and submitted to
the authorities under different cover.
4.
Allay the fears that large number of workers and labour will be brought by the
contractor from outside the project area and assure them that job opportunities
generated by the project shall be availed by project area inhabitants.
5.
It was clarified that no access roads or public paths will be damaged or altered for the
contractor(s) activities i.e. labour camp, material depot, machinery yard etc.
6.
Fishermen believed that construction activities would not entail adverse effects on
fishing industry as fishing activities can be re-scheduled to avoid interference with
construction activities.
7.
The locals apprehended that road and kacha paths within the project areas would be
exposed to the heavy traffic due to Project activities. This could increase road
accidents and deteriorate the roads. It was clarified that traffic management plan
would be put into operation to minimize the impacts.
b)
c)
Pakpattan Canal System will be saved and given longer base of life and thus
the dependent agriculture.
d)
e)
New Public Park(s) will be developed to attract visitors in the area and have
positive effect on the local economy.
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Figure 6.1:
6-5
IEE Report
Plate 6.1:
Plate 6.2:
6-1
6.4
IEE Report
This section describes mechanism (which will be notified after the approval of LARP) to
receive and facilitate the resolution of DPs concerns and grievances. This explains the
procedures and process of entering the complaints of DPs including women and accordingly
their redressal mechanism. DPs will be fully informed of their rights and of the procedures for
addressing complaints whether verbally or in writing during a continuous consultations
process during the LARP as well as project implementation. It is preferred that DPs/ local
community will need to enter their complaints/ concerns on a Grievance Redress Register
(GRR) consisting the minimum information of name and address of complainer (s),
description of complaint (s), action taken, status of resolution of complaints and other
necessary information/ record and also record the reasons if issue (s) remain un-settled.
However, all relevant efforts will be made to avoid/ or minimize the extent of grievances prior
to treat under the redress process. This can be obtained through the practicable LAR design
and implementation, by ensuring full participation and consultation with the DPs, and by
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IEE Report
Member
iii) DD (Environment)
Member
iii). DD (Resettlement)
Member
Member
Member
Convener
To minimize the discomfort of the DPs, the GRC will be available at grass-root level to both
DPs and local community. The PIU will be responsible to inform the DPs/ local community
about the process and procedures of GR mechanism by pasting the information at prominent
places. The complaints will be registered by maintaining a Grievance Redress Register
(GRR), where the name & address of complainer, date, description of complaint and action
taken will be entered.
The payments relating to the land compensation will be made through the DO (R)/ LAC,
while for other assets/ losses and allowances, the payment of compensation will be made
directly from the PMU (PID).
Similarly, the issues/ community concerns relating to the land will be addressed through the
Revenue department (LAC) and or can also be referred to GRC, while issues other than land
will be directly redressed by the PIU at field level (District) and can also be placed with GRC.
If issues are still unsettled, will be forwarded to the PD (PMU) and finally consult an
appropriate court of law.
Grievance Redress Process
The process of grievance redress is discussed through as below:
i). First, complaint resolution will be attempted at site (field level) by the PIU, DPs/
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DP (s) (must lodge the complaint within one month of lodging the original complaint
with the GRC, and must produce documents supporting his/ her claim. The PD
(PMU) will provide the decision within 3 weeks after registering a complaint. The
decision will be in compliance with the LARF provision as well.
iv). In case, the grievance redress system does not satisfy the DFs/ DPs, then they can
pursue further by submitting their case to the appropriate court of law in accordance
with the Section 18 to 22 of the LAA 1894.
6.5
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT
ii.
Agency
iii.
iv.
respective tasks
Logistic Support
(i)
Project Management Unit (PMU)
The overall responsibility for the implementation of Environmental management/Monitoring
Plan rests with the Project Management Unit (PMU) along with the assistance of
Environmental Unit (EU) of PMU. The EU consists of Director Environment & Sociology,
Deputy Director Environment and Deputy Director Sociology.
PMU will assume overall responsibility for ensuring:
That while executing the contract and undertaking the construction all environmental
norms, regulations and requirements promulgated by Pakistan Environmental
Protection
Council
(PEPC),
Pakistan
Environmental
Protection
Act
(PEPA),
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IEE Report
EU will prepare and submit periodical Progress and Monitoring Reports to all
stakeholders as per their schedules. In this task they will seek assistance/ guidance
from Construction Supervision Consultants as and when required.
(iii)
Head PMU/The Project Director
The Project Director shall provide or arrange the logistics including communication, transport
and accommodation to all visiting persons/teams experts from any of the above monitoring
units and shall coordinate with the contractor(s) to facilitate the visits/inspections.
(iv)
Contractor
The contractor will be responsible for implementation of the project EMP. The contractor will
ensure that EMP for the project is implemented fully and must be integrated into the Project
implementation and made integral part of the contract document. For any default damages
so caused will be remediated by the contractor at his own cost and expenses. In case the
contractor fails to rectify the damage the employer will remediate at the risk and cost of the
contractor. The amount will be determined by the Construction Supervision Consultants
which will be adjusted from amount due to the contractor. The contractor will also be
responsible for communicating with and training of his staff in environmental aspects and
implementation of the EMP. The contractor will develop and get approved Health, Safety &
Environment
(HSE)
Plan
from
Construction
Supervision
Consultants
before
the
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Director
(Engineering)
Director
(Safeguards)
Deputy
Director
(Environment
)
Deputy
Director
(Community
Relations)
Deputy
Director
(Resettlement
)
Environmental
Specialist
Deputy
Director
(Social
Safeguards)
Jr.
Environmentalist
PMU Support
Consultants
Contractor
Environmental
Specialist
(International)
Environmental
Manager
Environmental
Specialist
(National)
Environmental
Inspector
6-7
7.
IEE Report
This chapter discusses the potential impacts of the Pakpattan canal rehabilitation and upgrading works which have been identified through the use of standard checklists, and expert
knowledge and experience. The impacts identified were assessed for their significance
keeping in mind their consequences, reversibility, occurrence, duration, location, timing etc.
The evaluation of environmental & social impacts has been summarized in Table 7.1.
7.1 POTENTIAL IMPACT SOURCES
Environmental impacts and social impacts attributed to the Project can be broadly classified
into three main groups:
Impacts during design phase
Impacts during construction phase
Impacts during operational/post construction phase
Some of the impacts can be anticipated and avoided at design stage with appropriate
adjustment in the Project Design, some can be mitigated by good implementation techniques
and others by following the operational manual.
Potential adverse environmental impacts of the project on the physical, biological and socioeconomic environment during design, construction and operational phases have been
identified. Measures to mitigate these impacts and their residual impact have also been
discussed.
Table 7.1 summarizes the potential impacts associated with the canal rehabilitation project.
The physical, biological, cultural and social impacts have been discussed under preconstruction (design phase), construction and operational phase. This is further analysis of
the impacts caused on soil, water, Air, Biodiversity and Social set up. Each component has
been assessed as slight, moderate or significant. As a result of this analysis, certain
mitigation measures have been suggested. The impacts have been marked as avoidable,
mitigable and irreversible. ADBs Rapid Environmental Assessment checklist is included in
Appendix 7.1.
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Category
Impact
Slight
Moderate
Significant
1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3*** 1* 2** 3***
Impact Assessment
1. Design Phase
1.1
Impact of Weed on
Canal water quality
1.2
Damage
Bank
to
Canal
2. Construction Phase
2.1
Physical
Environment
2.2
2.3
Land
Resources
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
Hydrology
and Water
Resources
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
*
**
***
Impacts of Waste
Disposal site
Impacts of Borrow
areas
Damage to Paths,
Access Roads and
Cross Drains
Impacts of Crushed
Stone Transport
Impacts of
oil/chemical Spill or
Dumping out outside
designated area
Impact of Canal
Widening
Contamination from
Diesel and Other Spill
etc from Machinery
Agricultural land or
crop destruction
Drinking Water &
Wastewater Impacts
Contamination of
surface water due to
Electrical/Mechanical
Work
Impact of Extended
Canal Closure
Impact of Road
Bridge Construction
Impact on Source of
Construction Water
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
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IEE Report
Impact Assessment
Slight
1*
2**
Moderate
3**
*
1*
2*
*
Significant
3***
1*
2**
2. Construction Phase
Physical
Environment
Air Quality
Noise
Biological
Environment
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
Disturbance to Wildlife
2.19
Damage to Biological
Resources
Impacts due to Land
Acquisition
Social Impact on Local
Population due to Migrating
Labour from other parts of the
Country
HIV/AIDS and other
Communicable Diseases
Impacts on Existing Services;
education, health, electricity
and water supply etc.
Impacts of finding
Archaeological site,
Graveyard etc
Impact on Public Health &
Safety due to Construction
activities
2.20
Socio
Economic
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
2.25
*
**
***
2.26
Impact on Employment
2.27
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
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3***
IEE Report
Impact Assessment
Slight
Moderate
Significant
***
7.2
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7.3
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7.3.1
Physical Environment
(a)
Land Resources
7.3.1.1
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Mitigation Measures:
Soil required for revamping of retired embankment and other works would be preferably
obtained from available government land. If soil is required to be lifted from private
owned land, then the owner(s) of the land will be duly compensated.
The contractor will ensure that the selected borrow areas are clearly demarcated, and
indicate the maximum allowable depth of the pit before the soil is excavated.
No soil will be excavated outside the demarcated area. If unexpected soil or strata is
found during excavation at the site then excavation must be stopped immediately, and
the environmentalist and site manager should be informed as soon as possible.
The edges of the pits should be given flat slopes and area should be leveled as far as
possible when the excavation is complete.
Barren or infertile land will be preferred for use as a borrow area than agricultural land.
If the agricultural land along the embankments needs to be used as a borrow area then
the following additional measurements will be undertaken by the contractor:
Remove 6 inches of the topsoil and store on a separate site for its re-spread back on
the leveled borrow area
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7.3.1.4
Impacts of Oil/Chemical Spill or Dumping outside any Building or House near the
Project Area
Inadequate storage and mobilizing of material on site could cause accidental spills or
leakages. Dumping of waste material or spillage at the private land or outside the designated
area will contaminate the land and water resources. The owner(s) of the land may be
compensated by the contractor.
Mitigation Measures:
It is the Contractors Contractual obligation to design, construct and maintain material
storage areas.
All material mobilization should be controlled and carried out by competent staff.
All loading and unloading of the materials should be appropriately planned.
The material storage area should be bounded.
Spill kits, including absorbing pad, sand bags etc, should be available at material storage
area.
In case of damage to private land, the land owner(s) should be compensated.
7.3.1.5 Impacts of Crushed Stone Transport
Adverse Environmental Impact:
Stones shall be brought from Sargodha District, so no quarrying has to be done locally. But
the vehicles carrying the stones shall exert additional traffic load on the roads leading to the
project area. By keeping the road dust free and repaired, the impact shall be mitigated.
Mitigation Measures:
It is the Contractors contractual obligation to use the roads and paths carefully and in case
of any damage, repair the damaged roads and paths immediately.
Undertake regular spraying of water on traffic routes and places prone to cause dust
pollution.
7.3.1.6 Impacts of Canal Widening
Adverse Environmental Impact:
Widening the canal may cause uprooting of trees along the canal. Types of trees found
along the canal mainly consist of Kiker and Shesham and no rare or protected flora were
found. Therefore uprooting of tree could be compensated with new plantation in the area and
there will not be cause significant adverse impact of the uprooting of tree.
Mitigation Measures:
The exact number of trees, if required to be uprooted, must be determined and the Forest
department informed minimum one month before the removal of tree is required.
Every tree uprooted on site for the execution of work should be replaced with the plantation
of a minimum of five new trees.
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7.3.1.7 Contamination from Oil & Diesel and Other Spill from Construction Machinery
The dumping site for waste material or empty containers can damage land with associated
physical, biological and social losses. This impact can be mitigated through effective
application of maximum spill regulations, general criteria for oil and breakage at construction
sites, as per standards set forth by Oil Spill Contingency Plan of PKP Exploration Ltd,
Guidelines for Oil Spill Waste Minimization and Management issued by International
Petroleum Industry, Environmental Conservation Association and with mitigation measures
described below.
(i)
Minor Spills
Soil contaminated by minor spills/leakages (defined as leaks from vehicles, machinery,
equipment or storage containers such that the area and depth of soil contaminated is less
than one (1) sq.ft and three (3) inches respectively) is to be scraped and sent to a burn pit
(incinerator).
(ii)
Moderate Spills
Moderate spills are defined as spills of volume less than or equal to 200 litres. These are to
be contained and controlled using shovels, sand, absorbing mat and native soil. These
equipments and materials are to be made available at camp sites during the operation (Spill
Kit). The contaminated soil will be excavated and sent to the treatment site such as
bioremediation or solidification/stabilization (S/S). The excavated area will be lined with an
impermeable base before being filled with clean soil.
(iii)
Major Spills
Major spills are defined as spills of volume greater than 200 litres.
indication of Emergency Response Procedure and Oil Spill Contingency Plan to be prepared
by the Contractor in consultation with the Engineer. These spills are to be handled and
controlled by a specialized contractor to clean the site.
Mitigation Measures:
All the oil based material should be stored in the designated bounded area.
The Spill Kit should be available on site to handle small spills on site.
Good house keeping will minimize accidental spills.
All loading and unloading of material should be supervised and carried out in accordance
with an appropriate plan.
Empty drums of the fuel should be handled with care as some material may be left over
in the drums or container.
All the liquid material or fuel should be stored well away from any control water body i.e.
river, canal, etc.
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Provide proper PPE (personal protected equipment) for all the workers as a
precaution against any mishap, and interlink various parts of the construction
complex.
7.3.1.10 Impacts of Extended Canal Closure
Adverse Environmental Impacts
Gate repair work, installation of the hoisting system and road bridge construction may
require the closure of canals. Non availability of the canal water could adversely affect crops
within the canal command area. However, all work that requires the canal to be closed will
be arranged during routine canal closure or diversion channels will be constructed during
construction work, therefore no extended canal closure will be required. During site visits it
has been observed that the people living within the canal command area do not use canal
water for drinking purpose. The canal water is primarily used for agricultural purposes and at
a few places within the canal command area for domestic clothes washing.
Mitigation Measures:
All the activities that require canal closure will only be undertaken during the annual
routine closure of the canals.
If work that requires canal closure needs to be carried out during the period in which the
canal is open, then a temporary channel must be constructed to ensure that the canals
run routinely during the execution of work.
7.3.1.11 Impacts from Infrastructure Construction Activities
Adverse Environmental Impacts
The construction of a road bridge, canal bank strengthening, regulating structure etc will be
included in the rehabilitation work of the canal. The existing infrastructure found at the canal
is deteriorated and requires repair work. It is anticipated that during construction activities,
ambient air quality could deteriorate due to dust, noise and machinerys exhaust emission.
Mitigation Measures:
The contractor must provide a temporary route during bridge construction and the route
should be adequate for the existing traffic and construction site traffic. It must be
designed by a competent contractor.
Rural roads leading to or passing near the construction sites could be used for
transporting men and materials to the construction site.
It is the contractors obligation to use the roads and other paths carefully and repair the
roads in case of any damage.
Air quality should be monitored on a regular basis through certified 3rd party to ensure
that pollutant levels are within the prescribed NEQS levels.
Effective sign-posting will be adopted by the contractor to reinforce instructions to the
drivers.
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The Traffic Management Plan will be prepared and implemented by the contractor.
7.3.1.12 Impact on Source of Construction Water
The contractor could use canal water as a source of water for sprinkling on kacha (unpaved)
path for dust control and for vehicle washing purposes.
Groundwater could be used as a source of water supply for the contractors camp and the
batching Plant. The contractor should tap the underground reservoir and install hand pumps
or tubewells with overhead tanks to supply drinking water to the labor camp, and to the
batching plant for concrete preparation. Withdrawing water from the aquifer shall not cause
any significant change in the storage of the aquifer nor the river and canals, which eventually
recharge it. The impact can be considered as slight and temporary.
Mitigation Measures:
The contractor is obligated under the contract to supply running tap water, flush latrines
and underground septic tanks for the disposal of wastewater through the sewerage
system.
It would be ensured that wastewater is not pumped into the river or canal system without
treatment.
All the wastewater generated from vehicle washing and site set ups e.g. batching plant,
plant & equipment yard etc should be tested to meet the NEQS standards for effluents
before being disposal.
The contractor is obligated under the contract to pay for water obtained from private
sources.
(c) Air Quality
7.3.1.13 Dust Smoke and other Pollutants from Plants & Equipments
Adverse Environmental Impact:
Emission or dust from the batching plant can be very harmful for the site workers and the
local population. The emission/dust could cause skin and respiratory disease e.g. skin
rashes, lungs problem etc. Roads and traffic will be affected due to the movement of heavy
vehicles in the area. Therefore the contractor must select a suitable location for the batching
plant (if required) and the following control measures shall be adopted:
Mitigation Measures:
Air quality should be monitored on regular basis near the plant through a certified 3rd
party.
The batching plant should be located at least 500m away from any living area.
The plant should not be operated outside working hours.
Regular spraying of water should be undertaken to minimize dust pollution.
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IEE Report
All vehicles, machinery, equipment and generators used during construction activities
will be kept in good working condition to minimize exhaust emissions.
Proper PPE should be issued to the site workers and measures should be adopted to
ensure that the workers will wear the PPE when working on site.
If the location the batching plant is close to the living area or water body, the following
additional conditions must be followed:
The plant has to be a Zero Emission Plant. This will include using washed
aggregate and enclosed silos with automatic injection system of the material in to
the mixing chamber.
Residual Impacts:
Temporary deterioration of air quality.
7.3.1.14 Smoke from Burning of Waste Material or Burning Firewood
Adverse Environmental Impacts
A large number of big and small fires in the contractors camp can produce smoke and smog
which can cut off visibility, reduce traffic ability and cause suffocation along with causing
diseases of the respiratory tract.
Mitigation Measures:
Waste burning should be prohibited on site.
It is the contractors contractual obligation to use and provide clean and smoke free fuel
in the labour camp.
Cutting and burning trees or shrubs for fuel shall be prohibited.
Gas Cylinders should be used in the labour camp for cooking purposes.
7.3.1.15 Impact on Air Quality of Earth Work Activities
Adverse Environmental Impacts
Excavation activities could cause dust and pollute the surrounding area. Emissions from the
plants used in earth work activities may also degrade the air quality of the site.
Mitigation Measures
Regular spraying of water should be undertaken to minimize dust pollution.
All vehicles, machinery, equipment and generators used during construction activities will
be kept in good working condition to minimize exhaust emissions.
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(d) Noise
7.3.1.16 Noise Pollution from Construction Activities
Adverse Environmental Impact:
Many living areas are located along the canal bank and noise pollution could be issue during
construction phase of the project. Pakpattan canal banks also provide habitat of many
different species of game birds including piz on done partridges.
Mitigation Measures:
Suitable equipment and plant should be used in execution of the work to minimize noise
pollution.
The noise level should be monitored on a regular basis and levels should be maintained
within the NEQS level.
monitored on hourly basis for at least the first 2 days of work, after which the monitoring
interval could increase to daily basis.
All vehicles, machinery, equipment and generators used during construction activities will
be kept in good working conditions and will be properly tuned and maintained in order to
minimize noise pollution, exhaust emission and minimum land disturbance.
All working activities should be restricted within the allowed working hours.
The maximum speed limit of 20km/h should be enforced for vehicles using the
embankments and access road.
The Traffic Management Plan provided in EMP, should be implemented at site during
construction phase.
Residual Adverse Impact:
Movement of the site traffic and tree cutting will generate some noise.
7.4
BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
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owners. An appropriate framework agreement should be completed and signed by all the
concerned parties.
Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) should be prepared to compensate and restore the
livelihood of the affectees.
7.5.2
Impacts on Local Population due to Migrating Labour from other Parts of the
Country
Adverse Environmental Impacts
There is a risk of adversely affecting the social life of the local population due to the arrival of
a large number of laborers from outside the area. Extra burden on the local infrastructure
and services e.g. medical facility, shops, restaurants, mosque, public transport etc. is also
anticipated.
Mitigation Measure
The outside boundary of the camp should be fenced or walled for security reasons.
Locating a labour camp at least 500m or ideally 1km away from the villages (local
settlement).
Leisure facilities including play grounds, restaurant etc should be provided inside the
labour camp.
All the unskilled labour and where possible skilled labour should be arranged locally.
Pick and drop facilities should be arranged.
The camp should be located within PID land, such that there is no private land
acquisition required for this activity.
7.5.3 HIV/AIDS and other Communicable Diseases
The Labourers in the Contractor Camp, truck drivers and like personnel who interact with
each other have the potential for the spread of HIV/AIDS if the incidence exists. Majority of
the people living in the surrounding of the Project, and potential Labour are not aware of the
source, mode of communication or consequences of HIV/AIDS. Although their religious and
cultural value system, to a large extent excludes the outbreak or rapid communication of
HIV/AIDS, yet its occurrence in such a situation cannot be precluded. It is necessary that
awareness and preventive campaigns are run from time to time in the Labour campus and
the field offices of the Project to prevent the communicable diseases like Cholera, Typhoid
and Tuberculosis.
Mitigating Measures:
The Contractor shall:
Arrange to run an active campaign, in the labour camp, to make people aware of the
cause, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.
Strengthen the existing local health & medical services for the benefit of labour as well
as the surrounding villages.
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Ensure cleanliness and hygienic conditions at labour camp by ensuring proper drainage
and suitable disposal of solid waste. Inoculation against Cholera will be arranged at
intervals recommended by Health Department.
Keep all the camps, offices, material depots, machinery yards and work sites open for
the inspection of health and safety measures and related documents.
7.5.4 Existing Services & Employment (Positive Social Impacts)
The economic analysis shows high economic benefits accrue compared to costs. Salient
economic benefits of the project are:
Improvement of available services in the area and opportunities for employment,
education, healthcare, transportation, especially for women and children.
Boost to agriculture through assured and enhanced irrigation water.
Unemployed youth will employed and trained during the construction phase of the
project. They will receive life time of benefits through skill training, capacity building and
poverty alleviation. A large number of semi-skilled and unskilled workers in the project
area will be hired.
Greater awareness about Healthcare including HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis amongst the
laborers and the local community shall be created.
At micro level, economic activities may bring the cost of living down by making essential
commodities available in greater bulk and at cheaper rates. This combined with better
employment opportunities will bring the poverty line rate lower.
New public parks will raise the aesthetic value of the area and will attract tourism.
Rehabilitation of the canal structures will also have a positive impact on the local tourism
industry.
Increased economic activity with improved irrigation.
7.6 OPERATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT (O&M) PHASE
At the operational phase of the proposed Project a comprehensive Operation and
Management Manual (O&M) shall be prepared by the Project Manager at the completion of
the work as per ISO Standards. An effective monitoring and evaluation has to be done as
per O&M and monitoring plan. Mistakes at operational level or handling the operations by
untrained staff can prove very risky and costly.
ii
iii
iv
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vi
vii
viii
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IEE Report
On the basis of impact assessment it can be concluded that the project will have positive
environmental and social impacts on the area. No permanent adverse environmental
impacts have been identified due to project implementation. All the adverse impacts resulting
from the construction activities can be mitigated.
7-25
8.
IEE Report
This chapter gives framework of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) of the project,
as a requirement of the IEE study. Contractor shall make the site specific Environmental
Management Plan and get approved from supervision consultants before commencing of
work at site.
The EMP proposes an effective plan of action that will indicate responsibilities and the
required measures to minimize negative environmental & social impacts at various stages of
the project. The EMP will be discussed under three main components:
Mitigation Plan
Monitoring Program
Institutional Arrangements
Most of the mitigation activities planned in the EMP will be covered and executed under
provisions in the construction contract and with the necessary agreement of the
communities.
8.1
MITIGATION PLAN
The mitigation plan is a key component of EMP. It includes measures to mitigate potential
negative impacts and enhance the positive impacts during initial physical works and normal
operation of Irrigation System. This section outlines the potential impact of rehabilitation
works on the physical, biological and socioeconomic environment and their associated
mitigation measures. It also assigns the responsibilities for implementing these measures.
Lists of mitigation measures which will be directly covered by the environmentalist and
the contractor
The person(s) responsible for ensuring the implementation of the measures.
The person(s) responsible for monitoring.
Parameters to be monitored for effective implementation of measures.
A time scale for the implementation of measures to ensure that the objectives of
mitigation plan are fully met.
8.2
Majority of negative impacts can be avoided (eliminated) through the use of adequate and
environmentally sound technical design. The Project has however been designed on the
basis of the lessons learnt from similar projects and major design initiatives undertaken to
avoid any major negative impacts are as follows:
1.
Necessary measures should be taken to exclude any big deposits of soil or debris
anywhere.
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2.
3.
MONITORING PLAN
8-2
8.5
IEE Report
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT
Head
Project Management Unit
Environment
Unit
Director Social
/ Environment
Deputy Director
Environment
Construction
Supervision
Consultants
Environmental
Specialist &
Sociologist
Contractor
Environmental
officer / Team
Deputy Director
Sociology
8-3
Organization
Designation
Responsibilities
Project
Management
Unit (PMU)
Director Socio
/ Environment
IEE Report
Operating Documents
8-4
Organization
Designation
Responsibilities
Project
Deputy
Management
Unit (PMU)
IEE Report
Operating Documents
aspects.
Project planning,
monitoring and evaluation
specifically in
environmental & social
related matters in the
project.
Assist Director Socio,
Director
environment in office
Environment
documents on
well.
environment and
in IEE of Pakpattan
PID.
Canal
Ensures environmental
Canal
according to
Environmental laws,
Social Framework
Agreement (SFA).
Consultants
Environmental
and consultants
Reports
environmental team
EMP of Pakpattan
Canal
Comply with
National, International
Coordinate with
(PHS) Acts
stakeholders, including
general community, EPA,
WWF, Asian Bank,
contractor, consultants
and others
Support DD Sociology in
performing his/her
responsibilities
8-5
Organization
Designation
Responsibilities
Project
Deputy
Management
Unit.
IEE Report
Operating Documents
Director
environment in office
/Sociologist
documents on social
well.
responsibilities of official
of Pakpattan Canal.
spokesperson of the
survey as a baseline
Canal
Coordinate with
stakeholders, including
PHS Acts
Social Framework
contractor, consultants
Agreement (SFA).
Environmental
Reports
Documentation
ensure implementation of
corrective measures, if
field
any
Consultants Socio-
and others.
environmental reports and
EMP of Pakpattan
Canal
Socio-economic
PMU.
socio-economic issues.
Social Framework
Agreement (SFA)
Support DD Environment
in fulfilment of his/her
responsibilities
Construction
Environmental
Supervision
Specialist
Consultant
measures suggested in
the EMP
Canal
Monitor construction
activities as per the
compliance monitoring
The EMP of
Pakpattan Canal
program
Monitor the impacts of the
8-6
Organization
Designation
Responsibilities
IEE Report
Operating Documents
Contractor
Environmental
officer / HSE
environmental mitigation
officer
measures contractors
Canal
EMP of Pakpattan
Canal
environmental specialist.
Manage operation of the
Acts
Social Framework
Agreement (SFA)
8.6
Communication and documentation is an essential feature of EMP. The key features of such
mechanism are:
8.6.1 Data Recording and Maintenance
All forms to be used for recording information during the environmental monitoring will follow
a standard format which will correspond with the data base in which all the gathered
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information will be placed. Check boxes will be used as much as possible to facilitate data
entry. Tracking system will be developed for each form.
8.6.2 Storage of Information
The database may include the following information
Training programs;
Staff deployment;
Non-compliance;
Corrective actions
Water resource
Quality
Quantity
Fuel oil and chemical spills
Vegetation record
Record of wildlife
Noise pollution
Socio-economic data
8.6.3 Meetings
The following environmental meetings will take place during the project
Primary meeting for setting out the requisite end frame sounding for the regular
meetings.
The purpose of the meeting will be to discuss the conduct of the operation, non
compliances noted by the consultants environmental team and measures for their remedy.
The meeting will be recorded in the form of a daily/monthly environmental report.
8.6.4 Reports
The Environmental Specialist of the Supervision Consultant shall produce periodical reports
as well as inspection notes based upon the visits to the Project site. This information shall
make a basis for EU for their further reporting or visiting the site. All reports shall be location
and activity specific. The reports shall especially identify areas of contractors non-
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compliance with the EMP and provide guiding remarks on actions to be taken. The
significance of the non-compliance shall also be noted. Copies of these reports shall be sent
to the Chief Resident Engineer (CRE) who shall forward them to the Head PMU, Punjab
Irrigation Department and the Contractor for their action(s).
The CRE will include in his routine reports a summary status of activities relating to the EMP.
Supplemental reports on issues should also be prepared as and when required.
The consultant environmental team will produce daily, monthly, and bi-annually reports, as
well as a final report of the project based on the information collected. The list of distribution
reports is given in Exhibit-2.
Exhibit-2 Periodic Reports
Report
Daily
Prepared by
Contractors
HSE officers
Monthly
Environmental
team of the
Construction
Supervision
Consultants
Environmental
team of the
Construction
Supervision
Consultants
Bi-Annually
Effects Monitoring
Environmental
team of the
Construction
Supervision
Consultants
Final
Environmental
team of the
Construction
Supervision
Consultants
Reviewed by
Distribution
Reviewed by
Chief
Resident
contractor
Engineer
environmental
officer and the
Consultants
Environmental
Specialists
Reviewed by EU of Chief
Resident
PMU.
Engineer
Reviewed by EU of Chief
Resident
PMU.
Engineer
PMU
I&P
Department
EPA
ADB
Reviewed by & EU Chief
Resident
of PMU and Punjab Engineer
EPA
PMU
I&P
Department
EPA
ADB
Reviewed by EU of Chief
Resident
PMU.
Engineer
PMU
I&P
Department
EPA
ADB
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IEE Report
This component describes the waste disposal plan that will be employed during the
construction and restoration period. The main types of waste to be disposed off include:
Waste generated during construction
Fuel, oils, and chemicals;
Sewage;
Campsite waste ;
Medical waste;
Excess construction material.
Domestic waste and construction waste are the main types of waste generated during
construction phase. Construction waste in very small quantity will be generated from
construction activities. Domestic waste contains high percentage of readily degradable
hydrocarbon which gives bad smell on decomposition, especially in hot and humid
environment. Construction waste classified as inert waste which could be a problematic to
dispose off. It is recommended to collect the domestic waste and construction waste
separately. No site is specified for disposal of waste, temporary storage will be required that
will be regulated by contractor and local authorities.
8.7.1
Domestic Waste
All the waste generated at Labour Camp should be collected and temporarily stored
at the designated bonded area within the labour camp.
The area should be prepared, maintained and visually inspected and recorded on
regular basis by the environment officer of the contractor.
The waste storage area should be fenced to stop animals direct contact with the
waste. The site must be decontaminated to keep the building free from foul smells,
spreading of diseases and healthy working environment on regular basis.
It is a responsibility of Contractor to arrange the waste collection from the Labour
Camp with local authority or waste disposed cooperation on regular basis.
Waste Chute should be provided within the Labour Camp. Chute will enable the
collection of thrown solid in the covered storage site.
Bags should be provided to the occupants and resident of the labour camp for
collecting their waste.
Implement resource conservation and recover recyclable waste e.g. paper, steel
cans, glass bottles etc. from the collected waste and divert the filtered waste to the
area landfill site.
A burning pit should be built on site to burn the combustible waste on site. The
suggested dimension of the pit in feet is 15 x 12 x 4 (length x width x height).
8.8
Construction Waste
Construction waste could be reused as a fill material or construction material. However the
detail testing should be undertaken to confirm the suitability of the waste, if is used as a
construction material.
The waste disposal system is summarized in Exhibit-3 below:
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Description
Soil, Concrete,
Demolition waste
Contaminated soil or
water
Sewage and
gray
Construction
phase
Protection
work in canal
prism;
Construction
of distributor
complex, deck
platform,
gauge
readers huts;
Canal lining
All phases
Construction
phase
Disposal methods
Construction waste should be disposed
of properly in a manner that does not
disturb the natural drainage.
Reusable material from demolition
waste should be given away reuse.
Remaining waste to be buried in
designated landfill/ construction waste
disposal site.
Soil contaminated by minor spills /
leakages (defined as leaks from the
vehicles, machinery, equipment, or
storage containers such that the areas
and depth of soil contaminated is less
than 1sqft and 3 inches respectively) will
be scraped and sent to the burn pit
where it will be burned along with other
combustible wastes. Contaminated
water will be dispersed with pressure.
Moderate spills defined as spills of
volume less than or equal to 200 liters
will be contained and controlled using
shovels, sand, and native soil. These
materials and equipment will be made
available at campsite and construction
site during operation. The contaminated
soil will be excavated and stored in a
bonded area lined with impermeable
base.
Depending on the volume of the
contaminated soil, the disposal may
involve of sending to burn pit or by
specialized treatment such as
bioremediation or
solidification/stabilization (s/s)
Major spills of volume exceeding 200
liters will require the initiation of PMU
emergency response procedures.
These spills will be handled and
controlled according to the specialized
measures and special treatment as
suggested by the spills removal experts.
The contaminated water should be
collected in separate container and sent
them to the suitable treatment site after
the mutual agreement with environment
consultant and PMU.
Sewage to be disposed of using septic
tanks and soak pits, solid residue to be
8-12
Types of
waste
wastewater
Description
areas, sewage
Construction
phase
Campsite
waste
Animal, fruit or
vegetable residue,
domestic garbage
Construction
phase
Medical waste
Syringes, glass
bottles, soiled
bandages, expired
drugs, dressing
Sand, aggregate,
cement, bricks, ,
paints and other
construction materials
Construction
phase
Excess
construction
material
8.9
Construction
phase
IEE Report
Disposal methods
disposed of in nearby sewage treatment
facilities. Waste water from kitchen and
washing areas to be disposed of in soak
pits
Colour coded waste collection bins will
be placed at the appropriate locations to
segregate waste. Recyclable waste to
be given away for recycling; non
recyclable, combustible waste to be
burned at burn pit and non combustible
waste to be buried in designated landfill
as agreed by PMU. Green waste will be
disposed off at the composting unit
having same dimension as burning pit.
To be incinerated at nearby hospital
incinerator, if any, or an equivalent
facility
To be sold back or given to the supplier
or other users
Repair of hydraulic structures, road bridges, and embankments strengthening etc. might
require partial or full closure of the road bridges during construction phase and as no new
access roads are proposed for material delivery so traffic management would be required
during such time periods spanning long hours in a day. It is a contractors obligation to prepare
a Traffic Management Plan, get its approval from traffic police, XEn Irrigation and HSE Officer
and implement on site. The plan should be available for public in local library and published in
news paper. The suggestions made in this section should be incorporated by the contractor in
preparation of the Traffic Management Plan.
8.10 Closure of Roads
When closing down the one lane of the road then the traffic light system should be set up and
allow only one side traffic at a time. Sign posts about the new traffic light and/or proposed new
road layout should be placed at least one km from major settlements. Sign boards about the
expected delay in traffic and queue build up should be placed in Arifwala, Burewala, and vehari
city. Speed breakers should be constructed and painted with fluorescent paints to control the
speed on major roads to avoid accidents. Warning sign boards should be displayed to indicate
area under construction.
There are noticeable settlements along the canal banks provision of any alternative route will be
involving resettlement and temporary private land acquisition. The road can be closed for short
period and it is suggested that the closure should not be more than continuous 4 hours. Local
traffic police should be informed at-least a week before the closure required. Traffic sign board
regarding the closure time and suggestion for alternative routes should be placed at the exit of
main city i.e. Arifwala, Burewala, and Vehari city. The traffic sign board alarming the delay at
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the bridges should be placed at Arifwala, Burewala, and Vehari city. The closure should be
arranged outside the off peak times (consider peak time from 6am to 10am and 3pm to 7pm). If
the village road bridges are to be used for material transportation then capacity of bridge should
be kept in mind.
8.11 Strengthening Embankments Works
The existing embankments can be used for transporting soil, material and plant and equipment.
However the approximate width of the embankments is 20 ft which may not cope with the traffic
on both directions (depending upon the type of vehicles use in earth moving). The
crossing/waiting bays should be provided, if require along the embankments to avoid any
accidental slip of vehicles. Ramps should be provided on embankments so that embankments
are not damaged due to heavy weight traffic. The soft barricading fence should be provided at
the edges of the path/roads etc. All the roads & paths should be properly designed and
regularly inspected by a specialized contractor to confirm the smooth movement of the site
traffic. Traffic movement can cause air pollution due to dust, arrangement should be made to
control dust pollution.
8.12 Diversion Channels
For rehabilitation and construction work six temporary diversion channels are proposed to
maintain the canal flow during construction phase and for that diverting route will also be
required for traffic movement it is contractors obligation to provide a diverting route. Land will
be temporarily acquired on lease for construction period. Sign posts should be displayed to
indicate route diversion.
8.13 OUTLINE OF EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND CONTINGENCY PLAN
If any of the results of the environmental monitoring/sampling exceed specified trigger levels for
the determinant, the appropriate actions will be undertaken to prevent hazard to human life,
property and the environment outside the operating site bounding control and minimize any
immediate risks of pollution of the environments, ensure the immediate initiation of necessary
investigation and management actions to identify, mitigate and remediate the cause of the
accident. Initiate training and periodic testing/checking when necessary.
The probabilities of accident such as oil spills, accidental habitat destruction, water or air
pollution are very low. However, such accidents can occur and overall environmental
emergency response method may be used:
Obtain an early warning of the emergency conditions so as to avoid adverse impacts
on the environment
Safeguard personnel to prevent injuries or loss of life
Minimize the impact of such event on the environment and facilities by mitigating the
potential for escalation and containing of the hazardous
It is a responsibility of the contractor to provide at least one First Aider during working hours.
The First Aid Provider will perform the following duties.
i.
Keeping all necessary first aid medicines and bandages in the first aid box at every
time.
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IEE Report
ii. Replace the medicines before their expiry dates to avoid any health hazard to the
people.
iii. Provide first aid to the wounded person.
iv. Report any accident / incident to the environmental manager immediately for
necessary action.
v. Call ambulance in case of any serious emergency.
An outline of an environmental contingency plan for the accidental spill is shown in
Exhibit 4
Exhibit-4 Environmental Spill Contingency Plan
Step
Alert / Mobilize
Initial action
On-going actions
Stand Down
Waste disposal
Diesel spill
IEE Report
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1
2
3
4
5
6
RD
398+156
RD
448+556
RD 469
+310
RD
476+310
RD
498+772
RD
630+945
Tree Species
Category
Kikar
Shesham Others
(Acacia (Delbergia (Fruit
nilotica) sisoo)
trees,
Popular,
Frash,
Sufaida,
etc.)
25
5
-
Age
30
30
55
54
55
22
22
22
20
20
20
550
822
12
810
150
272
(Sufaida)
-
145
10
155
New plantation can be undertaken at number of places along the main canal. The major
sites identified for new plantation include along the following RDs:
RD 4 to 6
RD 7 to 15
RD 21 to 31
RD 35 to 39
RD 47 to 52
RD 56 to 66
RD 133 to 136
RD 435 to 439 (along right bank)
RD 510 to 515
along the canal include To raise the aesthetic value and enhancing positive environmental
impacts it is also planned to plant additional 3000 number of woody, fruit and flower plants at
the different location of the barrage.
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8-18
Hazards
Oil,
Chemical
Spill
Consequences Probability
of occurrence
of
(Severityoccurrence
L,M,H)
(L, M, H)
Contaminate
H
land and
control water
bodies
(M)
IEE Report
Risk
(L, M,
H)
H
Failure in
plant &
equipment
e.g. lifting
gears etc.
Fatality or
serious injury
(H)
Extended
Canal
Closure
Damage the
crop within the
canal command
area
(M)
Deteriorate
ambient air
quality
(M)
Cause
suffocation and
diseases
respiratory tract
(H)
Casualty,
serious injury,
damage to
infrastructure
(H)
Batching
plant (if
required)
Smoke
from
Burning
Road
accidents
due to
constructio
n work
activities
8-19
Adverse
Social
impacts
due to
migrating
labour from
other part
of the
country
Extra burden
on existing
welfare
facilities.
Can Cause
communicable
diseases
(H)
IEE Report
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Air quality should be monitored on bi-annual basis and When required on work activities.
The parameters for air quality monitoring include but are not limited to carbon monoxide,
NOx, SOx and particulate matter. The approximate cost of Ambient Air Monitoring during
construction phase is Rs. 300,000.
Noise should be monitored 3 times on each working day at every noise producing activity.
The approximate cost of the Noise meter is Rs. 50,000.
The approximate total cost of the monitoring of the physical environmental parameters is
Rs.2.3 million.
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Environmental
Quality
Air Quality
Dust Monitoring
Noise Monitoring
Surface Water
Quality
Groundwater
Parameters
Details of Location
Standards /
Guidelines
Frequency
Responsibility
Duration
PM10, CO,
CO2 NOx,
SOx
At 40m radius of
Batching Plant
(determine the
dominate air direction
and carry out
monitoring at
downstream of air
flow)
USEPA, WHO
Bi-annually basis
Contractor
Construction for
24 hours or one
full working day
At Borrowing area
At the Access
roads
Labour camp
USEPA, WHO
Bi-annually
When required
Contractor
At the borrowing
area
At construction site
Maximum
allowable level
is 80dB
Contractor
Bi-annually Basis
Contractor
Bi-annually Basis
Contractor
PM10
Noise
Full Suite of
contaminants
given in main
report of IEE
Groundwater
(Suite of
Contaminants
given in IEE)
NEQS &
WAPDA
Irrigation
Standards
WHO drinking
water standard
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IEE Report
Training Cost
Training is considered to be an important part of environment awareness and all site
management and work supervisors should undertake periodic training.
The Contractor will arrange to run a proper campaign among the workers to make people
aware of the causes, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.
It should be made clear to the workers that unnecessary and out of bound activities /
movements are strictly prohibited in the project area. All forest and fisheries laws should be
explained to the workers.
The approximate cost of training the site staff is Rs. 400,000. The cost includes 8 sessions
of environment awareness course each costing Rs. 50,000.
Environmental Audit Cost
Environmental Audit should be carried out on annual basis and at the completion of the
project by an independent consultant. The approximate cost of this item is Rs.900, 000.
Plantation Cost/ Environmental Improvement Cost
5 new trees will be planted for every one tree uprooted on site. It is also proposed to plant
additional 10,000 woody and fruit plants along the canal by the contractor who will look after
them until their maturation. Ecological environment of the area will also be monitored by a
qualified ecologist at bi-annual basis during construction phase of the project. The total
estimated cost of this item is Rs. 1,000,000.
It is suggested that the contractor should hire the services of concerned department i.e.
Forestry to undertake new plantation and look after them until their maturation i.e. arrange
watering and install protection grill or bushes to stop animals graze the new plantation.
Cost of Implementation of Emergency Plan
The plan will be prepared to address any emergency conditions which occur due to
breaches in canal banks or accidental spill of oil or chemicals. The approximate cost of
dealing with unforeseen circumstances during construction phase is half a million rupees.
Special Waste Disposal Cost
Daily production of domestic waste by skilled and non skilled workers on site is estimated at
approximately 500kg (assuming 1/2 kg per person per day). The cost for disposal of
domestic waste generated during construction phase including the preparation and
maintenance of the temporary storage area is included in the contractors contractual
obligations.
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The contractor will dispose of the special waste i.e. cement bags, clinical waste, electric
batteries etc. The approximate cost of the disposal of special waste is Rs. 500,000.
Water & Wastewater Effluent Testing Cost
It will be one of Contractors contractual obligations to arrange the supply of running drinking
water at appropriate pressure to the site workers. The access of the drinking water should be
available to every site worker. Water sample should be collected and tested on quarterly
basis to confirm suitability for drinking purpose. The approximate cost of the testing of
drinking water source is Rs. 250,000.
It is proposed to treat the domestic wastewater generated from the labour camp, which
should be collected with provision of underground sewerage system.
If wastewater is collected from site setup i.e. Batching Plant, contractors camp, effluent,
waste storage area etc is discharge into the river then it should be tested as per NEQ
standard to confirm that the levels of contaminates are within the acceptable level. The
allocated cost for this testing is Rs. 250,000.
Site Visits by Regulatory Authorities
Inspections by stakeholders and concerned bodies for example WWF, Wildlife, Forest or
Fishery Officers etc. should be facilitated in camps to facilitate implementation of relevant
laws. The approximate cost of this item is Rs. 400,000.
Traffic Management Cost
The Traffic Management Plan will be prepared by the contractor to manage the site traffic
and public traffic during construction phase of the project to minimize the interruption in the
flow of traffic. The approximate cost allocated for this item is 4 million rupees.
Public Parks
The development of Public Park(s) along the canal is recommended to enhance the
biodiversity and improve the environment of the area. This will also raise the aesthetic value
of the area and provide recreation spot to the local population. The scope of work includes
but not limited to develop an artificial lake, plantation of woody, fruit and flower plants, install
children fun rides and construct new canteen and restaurant. The approximate cost of this
item is 20.0 million rupees. The cost covers the development of proximately 20 acres land as
a Park. The whole area can be split into more than one small parks depending upon the
availability of land and number of suitable sites. The Park(s) location will be decided,
preferable in state land, with the consultation of Punjab Irrigation Department and local
administrative bodies.
Details of two recommended suitable sites for public parks development are given below.
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Site Located at Pakpattan Main Upper (RD 112) at the head regulator of Khadar
Branch
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Road to Vehari 35 km
Thingi Town
2
Proposed Site
for Public Park
Pakpattan Lower
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Restoration Cost
The area under the use of contractor during construction phase should be restored at the
completion of the project to the original level without any additional cost by the contractor.
Relocating/installing of Utilities/Amenities Cost
Relocation of services may be required during construction phase e.g. relocating electric
pole(s), telephone line, sewer pipe etc. The estimated amount allocated for this item is
Rs. 1,000,000.
The overall estimated cost of EMP, derived from the given scope of work and previous
experience, is Rs 31.5 Million.
Environmental Management Cost
Activity
Environment Monitoring Cost
Training Cost
Environmental Audit Cost
Plantation / Environmental Improvement Cost
Emergency Plan
Special Waste Disposal Cost
Water & Wastewater Effluent Testing Cost
Site Visits by Regulatory Authorities
Traffic Management Cost
New Public Parks
Relocation/Removal of Services
Total
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IEE Report
The following conditions should be included in the Tender Document followed by the
Contract Document as essential clauses:
Clause regarding disposal of waste construction material
The Contractor shall in consultation with the supervising consultant and with the approval of
Supervision Consultant of the Project, select and abide by the selection, a site for disposal of
waste construction material. Contravention to this clause may tantamount to contravention to
contract and the Contractor will be responsible of removing the material dumped on a wrong
site, at his own expense as early as possible. In case of delay, the contractor will pay a fine,
suggested by the supervision consultant, for his negligence.
Clause regarding Location of Labour Camps, Material Dumps / Depots, Equipment
and Machinery Yards, approach roads and routes
Punjab Irrigation Department land is available for location of Labour Camps (if required),
Material Plant, Equipment and Machinery Yard Batching Plant (if required). The Contractor
will choose particular sites within the overall campus. If the Contractor chooses to locate his
facilities on a private land, he will himself be responsible for any compensation, resettlement
or rehabilitation process and costs and Supervision Consultant or Punjab Irrigation
Department shall not be involved in acquiring or using the land in making any payments for
doing so. If the contractor selects different location for the Batching Plant, Labour Camp,
borrowing area etc. then the contractor will develop base line data for the new location on his
own cost and resources.
Clause regarding Rehabilitation of Construction and extraction sites
The Contractor shall carry out construction work exactly on the same site and according to
the same design as provided in the Tender Documents. Also the camps site, the material
depot, the machinery and equipment yard, link roads and borrow areas shall, after the
completion of construction, be restored and rehabilitated and brought to at least the same
condition, in which these were handed over to the contract. A set of photographs and a video
tape film shall be prepared to show the pre-construction sites and post construction
rehabilitated sites.
Clause regarding drainage, paths, roads, Linear Fixtures crossed/damaged by
Machinery moving to and from the construction sites
During the construction, if the Contractors vehicles moving to and from the construction
site(s) cause any damage or disruption of services pertaining to drainage systems, paths,
roads linear fixtures e.g., transmission lines and fences, the Contractor shall get the damage
repaired and services restored within the shortest possible time of the damage, failing which
the Supervision Consultants will get an assessment of the damage and losses and debit that
amount to Contractors account and the next payment shall be made to Contractor after
deducting the debited amount.
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shall be taken as serious contravention of the contract and shall cause the payment to be
deferred till the correction of the situation.
Clause regarding control of dust or other pollutants from stored materials, material
depots or spoil heaps
The Contractor shall:a) locate his material depots and spoil dump as far away from the villages/community
Deras as possible.
b) keep all such materials covered for effective control of the fugitive dust.
Failing to do the Contractor will bear the cost which may have to be incurred on arranging
remedy to defaults.
Clause regarding use of outdated machinery
The Contractor shall obtain a certificate from Vehicle Examiner working under the
Supervision Consultant but paid by the Contractor, that all the machinery employed is either
new or in first class fitness condition so as not to cause smoke or oil leakages. Supervision
Consultant will not allow the use of any outdated machinery.
Clause to Protect the Biological Resources
The Contract will ensure that:a) Unnecessary and out of bound activities/movements are not done outside the campus
allotted to him for setting-up the labour camp, material depots and machinery yard
etc.
b) No fire arms are carried by any of the employees or labour.
c) All Forest, Wildlife and Fisheries Laws are fully respected and abided by the
Contractor and his work force.
d) The Biodiversity is respected and saved on its terrestrial, aquatic and aerial habitats.
e) Inspections by Wildlife, Forest and Fisheries Officers are facilitated in camps to
facilitate a proper implementation of relevant Laws.
f) Communities are given awareness and are involved in proper protection of the Biota
inside and around the Project site.
Clause regarding respect for Socio-economic and Cultural Values and heritage
The Contractor shall:a) Ensure that no damage or disruption is caused to the social infrastructure or public
services being provided to the people e.g., education, health, electricity supply,
drinking water supply facilities for public gathering or religious congregations.
b) Ensure the Contractor or his employees remain above the local Tribal tensions
especially the disputes over distribution of canal water and use of aquatic life.
c) Ensure that existing ownership of land around the Project is respected.
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IEE Report
Clause regarding Public Safety, Health and Safety at Construction Site, including
measures against HIV/AID and Life insurance
The Contractor shall:a) Put up temporary but prominent sign boards in all of the project activity area warning
people against likely hazards which can be caused due to certain activities. (Also to be
reflected in SFA).
b) Arrange to run a proper campaign in the labour camp, to make people aware of the
causes, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.
c)
Strengthen the existing Basic Health Unit (BHU) for the benefit of the labour
as well as the surrounding villages.
d) Ensure proper cleanliness and hygienic conditions at labour camps by ensuring a
clean mess, proper drainage and suitable disposal of solid waste. Inoculation against
Cholera will be arranged at intervals as recommended by Health Department.
e) Keep all the camps, offices, material depots, machinery yards and work site open for
the inspection of health and safety measures, and related documents and include in the
contract document the text regarding accessibility to the camps etc.
f) Provide proper overall, helmet and field boots and earplugs to work as a precaution
against any mishap, and interlink various parts of the construction complex with local
wireless telephones also fitted the vehicles.
g)
Provide a group insurance cover to the workers and labour on study on site or
in the camp, against accidents, mishaps or loss of life on duty.
Clause regarding employment of Locals in the construction work
The Contractor as an obligation of the Contract will employ, subject to availability and work
ability, maximum number of local labour for construction work.
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IEE Report
Exhibit-7
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
A- LAND RESOURCES
Borrow materials
Borrow Material:
from earth Borrow
Additional soil required
Areas
for the strengthening of
canal banks will be
excavated from the
designated area (Borrow
Area). The contractor
shall obtain approval
from Consultants
Environmental Specialist
and PMU for using any
site as Borrow Area. The
excavation activities
could have adverse
environmental impacts
including soil erosion,
drainage problem,
threatening of stability of
existing structures, and
impact on the health and
safety of the workers
and local population. As
such these activities
need to be undertaken
with absolute care as
provided in the contract
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
s
With
specification
DC, AC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Photographi
c record
BC
Once before the start
of Construction
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Records of
clear
boundary
markers
demarked in
place
BC
Once before Start of
excavation
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
Site
inspections
DC
Daily
Once a month
8-1
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
specification.
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Control in
place
DC, AC
After every
excavation
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
A detail
Protocol in
Checklist
DC,AC
Daily
At completion of
excavation
When required
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with
specification
BC,DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
Damage to Paths,
Access Roads and
Cross Drains
Infrastructure (road,
drains etc.) could be
damaged through
carelessness of the
drivers/operators of
heavy machinery. Such
carelessness can cause
considerable damage to
paths, road and drains if
the drivers/operators are
not made aware, trained
and bound to protect the
infrastructure.
8-3
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Impacts of Waste
Disposal Site
Inadequate disposal of
3.1 All waste from the
waste could contaminate
construction activities
the land. If the waste is
should be disposed on
not handled properly it
PID land and according
could be a nuisance and
to the Waste
cause of diseases.
Management Plan
Domestic waste
which will be a part of
contains high
the EMP.
percentage of readily
3.2 Domestic waste
degradable
generated at the
hydrocarbons which
contractor camp and
release bad odor when
site offices to be
decomposition occurs
collected and
especially in hot and
temporarily stored at
humid conditions.
the designated bonded
Construction waste
area within the camp
classified as inert waste,
area before
could pose a problem for
transportation off site.
disposal.
3.3 A temporary domestic
waste storage area to
be prepared maintained
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance DC
With Waste Regular basis
Managemen
t Plan
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
System in
place
8-4
PMUEU
When required
DC
Regular basis
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Contamination Due
to Oil/Chemical Spill
or Dumping Outside
Building or House
Near Project Area
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC, DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
System in
place
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC,DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
System in
place
DC
8-5
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
Impacts of Crushed
Stone Transport
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
CEnv
Monitor
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
System in
place
System in
place
DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC, AC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
System in
Place
DC
When required
CEnv
8-6
DC
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Canal Widening
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
AC
Pumping groundwater
7.1 It is the responsibility of
from the major aquifer
contractor to test and
for water supply for the
confirm the suitability of
contractors camp shall
groundwater before its
neither cause any
supply for domestic
significant change in the
use.
groundwater reservoir,
nor in the river or canals, 7.2 The depth of extraction
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
System in
place
Water
testing
DC
Quarterly basis
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
pollution.
Responsibility
B- WATER RESOURCE
7
Drinking Water
Supply &
Wastewater
Generated from
Contractors Camp
& Workshop
8-7
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
PMUEU
with WHO
drinking
water
standards
Quarterly testing
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with
contractual
obligation
DC
Daily
When required
8-8
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
to be contaminated with
pathogens. Many factors
affect the degree to
which the potential risk
due to the presence of
pathogens in
wastewater can become
an actual risk of disease
transmission and pose a
health risk to consumers
and workers (farmers).
The following situation
can have an adverse
impact on human health:
5.
Either an infective
dose of an active
pathogen reaches
the field or pond or
the
pathogen
multiplies in the
field or pond to
form an infective
dose.
6. The infective dose
reaches a human
host.
7. The host becomes
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
CEnv
Monitor
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
of
contractual
obligation
BC, DC
At the design stage
of waste treatment
system
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
of
contractual
obligation
BC, DC
At the design stage
of waste treatment
system
8-9
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
infected
8. The infection causes
disease or further
transmission.
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
avoid anaerobic
degradation of the
organic compound of
wastewater. Treatment
by underground septic
tank for about 3 to 4
days retention removes
most of helminth eggs
sufficiently to protect
the health of agriculture
workers and
consumers.
7.7 If the waste water is
discharged into the
control water body i.e.
river or canal then it is
the contractors
contractual obligation to
confirm that the effluent
meets the NEQS levels.
Provision of
underground septic
tank is a preliminary
treatment and reduces
the total suspended
solids (TSS)
concentration to the
acceptable level;
however it may not
Responsibility
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
8-10
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Compliance
of
contractual
obligation
Effluent
testing
Frequency
BC, DC
At the design stage
of waste treatment
system
Quarterly testing
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Electrical &
Mechanical Work
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Compliance
of
contractual
obligation
Effluent
testing
Compliance
DC
Quarterly testing
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
System in
place
DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
System in
place
DC
Daily
8-11
BC, DC
When required
Sr.
No.
Project component
Extended Canal
Closure
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
CEnv
Monitor
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
System in
place
DC
Daily
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
8-12
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Executo
r
CEnv
8-13
Monitor
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Compliance
Frequency
BC,DC,
Sr.
No.
10
Project component
Impacts from
Infrastructure
Construction
Activities
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
The construction of a
10.1 The contractor must
road bridge, canal bank
provide a temporary
strengthening, regulating
route during bridge
structure etc. will be
construction and the
included in the
route should be
rehabilitation work of the
adequate for the
canal. The existing
existing traffic and
infrastructure found at
construction site traffic.
the canal is deteriorated
It must be designed by
and requires repair
a competent contractor.
work. It is anticipated
that during construction
10.2 It is the contractors
activities, ambient air
obligation to use the
quality could deteriorate
roads and other paths
due to dust, noise and
carefully and repair the
machinerys exhaust
roads in case of any
emission.
damage.
10.3 Air quality should be
monitored on a regular
basis through certified
3rd party to ensure that
pollutant levels are
within the prescribed
NEQS levels.
10.4 Effective sign-posting
will be adopted by the
contractor to reinforce
instructions to the
drivers.
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
CEnv
Monitor
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC, DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC, AC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
Air
monitoring
DC
Quaterly
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with
specification
BC, DC
When required
8-14
Sr.
No.
11
Project component
Source of
Construction Water
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
CEnv
Monitor
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC, DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
Monitoring
DC
Quarterly
8-15
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
C- AIR QUALITY
12
8-16
Monitoring
gaseous
emission
rates from
generators
and other
equipments
System in
place
DC,
Quarterly basis
System in
place
DC
Daily
BC
Once at the start of
the work
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Executo
r
CEnv
Monitor
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
CSCEnv
PMUEU
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Monitoring
gaseous
emission
rates from
generators
and other
equipments
DC
Quarterly
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
System in
place
DC
Daily
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
Monitoring
BC
DC
Quaterly
When required
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
13.1 Contractors
obligations to provide gas
to the labour and not allow
them to use wood as fuel.
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
contractual
obligations
BC
Once at the start of
work
DC
Once a week
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMU-
System in
place
DC
Daily
washed aggregate
and enclosed silos
with
automatic
injection system of
the material in to the
mixing chamber.
The
plant
area
should
be
constructed
and
maintained on an
impermeable layer
to
prevent
contamination
of
canal water from
surface run off.
The
access
roads/paths should
be sprayed with
water on a regular
basis to minimize
dust pollution.
13
Responsibility
8-18
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
14
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Maintain
record
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMOEU
Maintain
record
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with the
contract
DC
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
DC
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Noise
Monitoring
DC
Monthly basis
When required
8-19
EU
When required
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
D- BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
Damage to
15
The labour camp and
biological resources batching plant location
during construction. should be carefully
selected to minimize
tree cutting and wildlife
habitat disturbance. The
natural habitat is
vulnerable to noise and
dust generated from the
movement of site traffic
and work activities along
the embankments.
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC
Once at the time of
aligning of access
road
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with EMP
DC
Daily
Once a month
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with Waste
Disposal
Plan
DC
Daily
When required
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
Site
inspection
DC
Daily
When required
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
night.
15.1 Select the locations for
contractor camp and
batching plant (if
required) such that
no/minimum tree cutting
is required.
15.2 The outside boundary
of the camp should be
fenced or walled to
keep camp activities
inside the camp area
only.
CEnv
8-20
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
PMUEU
with
IEE/EMP
Endorse
speed limit
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with
Environmen
tal
protection
Act
BC/DC
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with wildlife
protection
rules &
regulation
BC/DC
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with Fishery
rules &
regulation
DC
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with
Environmen
tal and
Wildlife
Protection
DC
Daily
When required
8-21
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Consultation DC
with Wildlife When required
Department
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance DC
with
Daily
mitigation
When required
measures
as explain in
IEE
8-22
laws
Site
inspections
Fenced the
contractors
facilities
DC
Daily
When required
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
CEnv
Monitor
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Include a
specialize
ecologist in
the
environment
al team
BC
At the preparation of
IEE
DC
Quarterly basis
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC
DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC
Once at the start of
work
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
System in
place
DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
System in
place
DC
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
System in
DC
16
Responsibility
8-23
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
should be arranged.
17
Adverse effects on
archaeological sites
any grave yards and
burial sites
No important cultural
and archaeological site
has been found or
reported in the area,
Responsibility
Executo
r
Monitor
Parameters
for
Monitoring
PMUEU
CSCEnv
PMUEU
place
Frequency
When required
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with law
indicated in
chapter 2 of
IEE
BC
At the completion of
IEE
DC
Daily
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
Daily
8-24
Compliance
Sr.
No.
18
19
Project component
Land Acquisition
Communicable
Diseases.
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Frequency
Executo
r
CEnv
Monitor
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with labour
laws in
contract
documents
BC
At the stage of
employment
DC
When required
Generally, land
acquisition is required
for work activities such
as widening of the
embankments, access
road, Contractor Camp,
Batching Plant, work
base area, waste
disposal site and borrow
area. To facilitate these
activities, the PID is
already in possession of
enough land where
these works can be
executed though
temporary acquisitions
of private land for
borrow materials may be
require in this project.
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
BC
At the stage of
employment
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
DC
Quarterly
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
Compliance
with safety
awareness
courses
Medical
testing of
site worker
8-25
BC
At the employment
DC
Quarterly basis
Sr.
No.
Project component
Description
IEE Report
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Executo
r
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMUEU
8-26
Parameters
for
Monitoring
Medical
Testing
Frequency
DC
When required
IEE Report
APPENDICES
Appendices
IEE Report
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Suleima
nki
Barrage
11.11.20
09
Pakpattan Canal
(Average concentrations)
2007
Head
Middle
Tail
of
RD
RD
Canal
275
460
Parameter
s
Unit
pH
7.12
7.62
7.41
dS/m
0.42
0.49
meq/l
2.69
me/l
Electrical
Conductivit
y
Sodium
Absorption
Ratio
Residual
Sodium
Cabonate
Copper
(Cu)
Water Quality
Standards
WHO
NEQS
FAO
7.43
6.5-9.5
6-9
0.52
0.59
0-3
1.81
2.12
2.21
0-15
ND
0.15
0.48
0.22
mg/l
<0.01
0.33
0.30
0.33
2.00
1.00
0.01
0.50
3. 9x10-
6.
Lead (Pb)
mg/l
0.02
3.
8x10-4
3. 8x10-4
7.
Nickel (Ni)
mg/l
<0.01
0.0002
1
0.00020
0.00020
0.02
1.00
8.
Zinc (Zn)
mg/l
0.02
0.43
0.38
0.41
3.00
5.00
9.
Turbidity
NTU
21
10.
BOD5
mg/l
80
11.
COD
mg/l
12
150
12.
Total Coli
Form
MPN/
100m
l
57
mg/l
28
200
mg/l
273
1000
3500
0-2000
mg/l
31.98
250
1000
0-1060
mg/l
34.78
250
600
0-960
mg/l
1.4
50
0-10
mg/l
0.33
1.50
10
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Total
Suspende
d Solids
Total
Dissolved
Solids
Chloride
(Cl)
Sulphates
(SO4)
Nitrates
(NO3)
Fluoride
Appendices
IEE Report
19.
Ammonia
mg/l
0.8
1.50
40.0
20.
Grease &
Oil
mg/l
<1.0
10.0
21.
Chromium
(Cr)
mg/l
<0.01
0.05
1.00
22.
Mercury
(Hg)
mg/l
<0.001
0.001
0.01
23.
Selenium
(Se)
mg/l
<0.01
0.01
0.50
24.
Silver (Ag)
mg/l
<0.1
1.00
25.
Barium
(Ba)
mg/l
<0.5
0.7
1.50
26.
Iron (Fe)
mg/l
0.54
0.3
8.00
27.
Manganes
e (Mn)
mg/l
0.02
0.50
1.50
28.
Chlorine
mg/l
<0.1
1.00
29.
Magnesiu
m
mg/l
9.0
0-60
30.
Calcium
mg/l
36
0-400
Appendices
IEE Report
Appendices
IEE Report
PUBLIC HEARING
PIAIP REHABILITATION AND UPGRADING OF PAKPATTAN CANAL
SYSTEM
(MINUTES AND RESPONSE TO THE COMMENTS)
Event
Date
17 January 2012
Location
Client
Project
Prepared by
JV Consultant
Participant(s)
Distribution
Sr.
No.
Item
Responsibility/Action
Introduction
1.1
Project Brief
2.1
3.1
Open Discussion
4.1
Cattle Ghat
It was requested by participant of public hearing that additional
Specified in IEE at
cattle ghats should be provided.
section 3.5
It was explained that the existing cattle ghats will be rehabilitated
and provision of additional cattle ghats will considered in the
project.
Appendices
4.2
IEE Report
Public Park
A public member raised a point about the development of public
parks; he recommended the development of more public parks in
addition to the project scope of work that includes development of
only two public parks.
The house was informed that possibility of development of
additional parks on the available strips of land of Irrigation
Department near the towns would be explored and if feasible will
be included in the project.
4.3
to
IEE
at
IEE
at
IEE
at
Specified in
It was clarified that construction activities will be carried out with section 7.3.1.2
least damage to local properties and crops. In case of any
damage the affectees will be compensated at prevailing market
rates.
4.6
Tree Cutting
The participants of public hearing pointed out that the construction
of diversion channel and bank strengthening would require tree Specified in IEE
cutting.
section 7.4 & 8.7.
It was clarified that detailed tree inventory will be prepared by a
team consisting of representatives of Irrigation, forest and wildlife
departments. The cutting of trees will be avoided to the extent
possible. However, in case of trees removal replenishment cost
for plantation of atleast 05 trees for each tree cut will be provided.
4.7
at
Specified in
section 7.5.1
4.5
IEE
4.4
Specified in
section 8.7.
at
Public
/
It was clarified by the consultant that it is contractors obligation to Department
protect the canal water from contamination during construction
phase and it is the responsibility of public and the Irrigation
department to control the disposal of waste in canal water and
along canal banks.
Irrigation
Appendices
IEE Report
Appendices
IEE Report
YES
No
REMARKS
A. Project Siting
Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the
following environmentally sensitive areas?
Protected Area
Wetland
Mangrove
Estuarine
No permanent adverse environmental impact is anticipated from the Project Siting. All the impacts will be of temporary nature and mitigable.
B. Potential Environmental Impacts
Will the Project cause...
Loss of precious ecological values (e.g. result of
encroachment into forests/swamp lands or
historical/cultural buildings/areas, disruption of
hydrology of natural waterways, regional flooding, and
drainage hazards)?
Appendices
SCREENING QUESTIONS
IEE Report
YES
No
REMARKS
dust?
Appendices
SCREENING QUESTIONS
Leaching of soil nutrients and changes in soil
characteristics due to excessive application of
irrigation water?
IEE Report
YES
No
REMARKS
Appendices
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................. 1
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 6
1.1
GENERAL ................................................................................................................................ 6
1.2
BACKGROUND ....................................................................................................................... 7
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
GENERAL .............................................................................................................................. 15
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
FIDIC Clauses........................................................................................................................ 19
2.9
2.10
2.11
HISTORY ............................................................................................................................... 22
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.7
3.8
3.8
GENERAL .............................................................................................................................. 30
4.2
4.3
4.4
5.2
5.3
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
7.11
7.12
7.13
7.14
7.15
7.16
TRAINING PLAN.182
7.17
7.18
CONCLUSION..199
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
APPENDICES
Appendix 2.1
Appendix 3.1
Construction Schedule
Appendix 4.1
Appendix 4.2
Appendix 6.1
List of Figures
Figure-1.1:
Figure-1.2
Figure-1.3:
Figure-3.1:
Figure-4.1:
Figure-4.2:
Figure-7.1:
List of Tables
Table-2.1:
Table-2.2:
Table-2.3:
Table-3.1:
Table-4.1:
Table-4.2:
Table-4.3:
Table-4.4:
Table-4.5:
Table-4.6
Table-4.7:
Table-4.8:
Table-4.9:
Settlement Structure
Table-4.10:
Religion
Table-4.11:
Languages
Table-4.12:
Demographic Characteristics
Table-4.13:
Table-4.14:
Table-4.15:
Table-4.16:
Occupation
Table-4.17:
Habitation
Table-4.18:
Table-4.19:
Source of Light
Table-6.1:
Table-7.1:
Table-7.2:
Table-7.3:
Table-8.1:
Public Consultation
List of Plates
Plate 4.1:
Plate 4.2:
Plate 4.3:
Plate 4.4:
Plate 4.5:
Plate 4.6:
Plate 4.7:
Plate 4.8:
Plate 4.9:
Plate 5.1
Plate 5.2
List of Abbreviation
ADB
amsl
AOI
Area of Influence
BOD
BC
Before Construction
CCA
CMS
COD
COSHH
DC
During Construction
EC
Electrical Conductivity
EIA
EMMP
EMP
EPA
EPAs
EIA
FAO
GCA
GoP
Government of Punjab
GRC
GRR
IPD
LMB
LRE
IEE
IWT
M&E
NCS
NEQS
NOC
No-Objection Certificate
O&M
P&D
PEPA
PEPC
PIU
PMO
PPC
PPE
RSC
RD
Reduced Distance
RMB
RRE
SAR
SCARP
SEMU
SFA
SMO
SOP
Survey of Pakistan
SSOP
TDS
US-EPA
WAPDA
WHO
WWF
25.4 millimeters
1 meter
3.281 ft
1 mile
1609 meters =
1760 yards
1 sq. m
10.76 sq. ft
1.196 sq. yd
1 hectares
2.47 Acres
10,000 sq. m
1 sq. km
100 hectares
5280 ft
Area
Volume
1 US wet gallon
3.785 liters
1 US dry gallon
4.404 liters
1 cu. meters
35.28 cu. ft
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
S-1
Introduction
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The Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (1997) makes it mandatory for the project
proponent to undertake Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) or Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA). It is mandatory to prepare and obtain approval of EIA from EPA under
Pak-EPA 1997 for this project. The ADBs Safeguard Policies also require that
Environmental and Social assessment to be conducted for the project which could have
adverse environmental impacts. EIA study was carried out in 2005 during the feasibility
study. Present study is carried out during up-dating of the feasibility and detail design of
Sulemanki Barrage rehabilitation work and covers all the possible anticipated environmental
impacts of the project.
Under ADB Environment Policy, projects are to be categorized in to the three environmental
categories; A, B and C according to significance of the adverse environmental impacts. This
Project have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and significance.
Suleimanki Barrage is not a new mega project. It is a rehabilitation and repair of the existing
structure without causing change in water levels and storage of water behind the barrage.
The anticipated adverse environmental impacts of the project shall be local, limited and
mitigable. All such projects according to ADB Safegaurd Policy Statement 2009 require
having an IEE. This report comprises the IEE of the project.
S-3
The studies of structural and mechanical components of the Barrage have envisaged some
structural and hydraulic problem together with mechanical defects. If not rectified the
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consequences could be devastating with the consequent risk of the failure of the whole
system. Such a failure would adversely affect the economy of the farming community in the
command area.
The scope of work will include repair of the barrage structure including barrage floor, peirs,
stilling basin, replacement of road bridge deck of the barrage, repair/replacement of
regulation gates gearing,canal head regulators, hoisting devices, modernization of barrage
structure by installation of new vibrating wire piezometers, clearance of water way to canal
head regulator etc.
Upstream and downstream floor of the barrage will be inspected and necessary repair works
will be carried out. In addition, the substrata and voids underneath the floors will be grouted
under pressure. Existing Public Park along the downstream right guide bank will be further
developed under this project.
It is anticipated that the project construction will be completed in three years in such a way
that the river and all the three canals flows will not be interrupted in the construction phase.
Gates repair work will be undertaken during annual closure period.
S-4
Baseline Conditions of the project area have been established through the data collected
from the field and direct interaction with the local community and officials from the various
departments. Previous studies (secondary data) have also used in the development of the
baseline. This report covers the prevailing physical, biological and social environment of the
area. The information utilized for the IEE obtained by using GIS technology, stakeholder
consultation including Wildlife, Fishery & Forest Department, NGOs etc. Field visits carried
out by the environment team and laboratory based testing of the physical environmental
parameters was undertaken.
It was found from ambient air quality monitoring that air is reasonably clean at present as all
the monitored parameters are within the limits of NEQS level. The climate of the area is arid
characterized by long hot summer and short mild winter. Wind speed varies significantly over
the year. Peak values were recorded during May during year 2007. The typical wind
direction is south to north in most of the part of the year.
Surface water testing at the barrage indicates that the river water does not meet the WHO
standards and is not fit for human consumption. But the water does meet the NEQS level
and FAO standards for agriculture purposes and fit for irrigation and recreational purpose.
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Groundwater samples were collected and tested from the existing hand pump at the barrage
and found unsatisfactory for drinking.
The barrage pond area provides the habitat of water fowl and many migrating birds visit the
site during winter, while the occasional seeing of hog deer, blue bull and local game birds i.e.
partridge and peacock are reported in the bela along the left guide bank. Fish ladders are
provided along both divide walls at Suleimanki Barrage. Both the fish ladders are in working
condition. However there is significant amount of vegetation and silt deposit found at the
upstream end of the fish ladders, which obstructs the fish movement and need to be
removed.
The Socio Economic Survey was conducted with the objectives to assess prevailing socioeconomic conditions of the related communities and to predict the effects of the proposed
different alternatives of rehabilitation works. Simple Random Sampling Technique was used
to draw representative sample. The average household size is 6.3 and the sex ratio (female:
male) is 100:107. There are 5 Primary, 2 Middle and 1 High School for boys and 4 Primary,
1 Middle School and 1 High School for girls in the area. The average literacy level of the
area is 47%. It was found that 77% of the household engaged in agriculture. 100% of the
respondent are Muslim and speak Punjabi language. The major castes of the area are
Maher and Watto. Rice, Wheat and Cotton are the major crops cultivated in the study area.
Females participation for the betterment of the family is more as compared with the males. In
fact, rural women in the study area work 14 hours a day. Women participate in agriculture
activities such as sowing, hoeing, harvesting, threshing, storage of crops and feeding the
livestock.
S-5
The carried out environmental and social impact assessment revealed that the project
activities will not cause any significant disturbance and inconvenience to local community
and natural environment of the area. Construction related impacts such as air pollution;
noise etc will be mitigated by the implementation of the EMP. All the solid waste and
wastewater generated from the project activities and labour camp should be disposed of
according to the waste disposal plan, which is a component of the EMP.
The available PID land in the close vicinity of the Project site would be utilized for
Contractors camp facilities. Groundwater is the major source of drinking water for the local
community. It is very important to protect the water sources during the construction phase
from accidental spills of diesel or any chemical, as any spill could percolate to the
groundwater through the sandy stratum at site. It is concluded from the test results that if the
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groundwater is to be used for the water supply in the Labour Camp then it is the
responsibility of the Contractor to abstract water from sufficient depth or provide filtration
plant and confirm that it meets the WHO standards.
During construction, the Contactors work force is expected to be largely from the local
population, which will enhance the economic opportunities for the locals of working age
group. Improvements in the existing Public Park are also recommended to enhance the
biodiversity of the project area. It will also raise the aesthetic value of the area and attract
more visitors.
Socioeconomic conditions of the project area will generally be positively impacted due to the
project implementation. There are few temporary negative impacts associated with the
construction phase e.g. extra burden on the local welfare facilities i.e. water supply,
electricity, transportation services etc will be insignificant and mitigable. Local community
and all the possible stack holders were consulted and their fears and suggestions were
taken into account during EA. The objective of the consultation was also to explain the
project intervention and their potential impacts on the environment of the area and also
share the mitigation measures with the local community to promote a general good will
towards the project in the community.
The total estimated cost of the implementation of the EMP is Rs. 17.4 Million.
S-6
Conclusion
The potential adverse environmental & social impacts of the project are associated with
mainly the construction phase of the project and all of these impacts are temporary, localised
and reversible in nature. These impacts can be mitigated through the proper implementation
of the EMP. Therefore it is concluded that this project is environmentally friendly, financially
viable, economically sustainable, genderally neutral and pro-poverty alleviation.
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CHAPTER 1:
1.1
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL
The province of Punjab is only one fourth of the total area of Pakistan yet its fertile land yields
more than 50% of the total national agricultural produce. One of the reasons for such high
agricultural production is the efficient use of water resources through Punjabs irrigation
network. Punjab irrigation network comprises of 24 canal fed by 14 barrages/Barrage and 9
major inter-river link canals, irrigating more than 27 million acres of land. There are two
barrages on Sutlej River, Suleimanki and Islam Barrage. Suleimanki is the first barrage on Sutlej
after this river enters into Pakistan. Major part of the Left Marginal Bank virtually forms the
international boundary between Pakistan and India.
Pakpattan Canal with a design discharge of 6,594 cusecs at head, off-takes from the right flank;
and Sadiqia and Fordwah Canals with designed discharges of 6,080 cusecs and 3,366 cusecs
respectively, off-take from left bank of the river. Sadiqia and Fordwah irrigate Bahawalnagar and
Bahawalpur districts. Pakpattan Canal irrigates the land in the districts of Pakpattan, Okara,
Vehari and Lodhran. The total canal command area (CCA) of all three canals is approximately
2.5 millions acres, which is about 9% of the 27 millions acres of the total irrigated area of Punjab
Province. Thus, the barrage contributes valuable 9% of the agricultural production of Punjab.
Ferozepur Barrage on Sutlej River lies in India just before the river enters Pakistan. India diverts
almost all the river water from this barrage to its own irrigation system and the river reach at
Suleimanki in Pakistan is perpetually bone dry for about 10 months of the year. In order to feed
the three canals that off-take from Suleimanki Barrage inter river link canal Baloki-Suleimanki
Link (B.S Link) was constructed with an initial discharge capacity of 15,800 cusecs for delivery
into Sutlej River upstream of Suleimanki Barrage. The BS Link was later remodeled a few times
to the current discharge capacity of 25000 cusecs. The barrage is located about 20km (12miles)
from Haveli Lakha Town, Tahsil Depalpur, District Okara. It is situated on Sutlej River 112km
(70miles) downstream of Ferozpur Barrage and 184km (115miles) upstream of Islam Barrage.
The barrage is about 150km (94miles) from Lahore, the capital of Punjab Province and about
450km (281miles) from Islamabad, the federal capital.
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BACKGROUND
Suleimanki Barrage was constructed during 1924-1926 on Sutlej River under the Sutlej Valley
Project (SVP). The barrage feeds Pakpattan, Fordwah and Eastern Sadiaqa Canals. The
barrage was formally commissioned on April 12, 1926. The barrage was designed for 325,000
cusecs discharge. Sadiqia and Fordwah Canals commenced water supply on 1st May 1926 and
Pakpattan Canal on 1st June 1926.
Ever since its construction, the structure of Suleimanki Barrage has suffered heavily from
flooding during the monsoon periods. The barrage is about 86 years old now and aging process
together with inadequate/deferred maintenance has also contributed towards general
deterioration of the different components of the Barrage.
In 1960, under the agreement of Indus Water Treaty, India was given the rights of three eastern
rivers water of Ravi, Sutlej and Beas. Consequently upon the construction of Bhakra/Nangal
Dam on river Sutlej and Pandoh & Pong Dam on Beas; the discharge in Sutlej was reduced
significantly. The Ferozepur Barrage built in India on Sutlej River immediately before the river
enters Pakistan, stops almost all the water and the river remains bone dry for about 10 months
of the year. This forced Pakistan to carry a significant amount of works for transporting water
from western rivers through link canals to feed the canals off taking from the eastern river. Interriver link canal Baloki-Suleimanki Link (B.S Link) off-taking from Ravi River at Balloki barrage
was constructed in 1958.
Historic discharge data of the Sutlej River at Suleimanki Barrage from 1922-2008 indicates that
the flood discharge in the river exceeded the designed capacity of the barrage four times; in
1947 (325,000 cfs), 1950 (332,000 cfs), 1955 (597,000 cfs) and 1988 (499,000 cfs). Number of
controlled and uncontrolled breaches occurred in 1988 in both the left and right marginal bunds.
1.3
PROJECT OBJECTIVE
Since signing of the IWT in 1960, India has construction two storage dams on Sutlej River and
almost all of the flows of the river, except the floods that cannot be stored in the dams, are being
used in India. The construction of storage dams in India has significantly reduced the flood
discharges in the river. However, the flood of 1988 has somewhat signified that the storage
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capacity of eastern rivers barrages are not enough for significant mitigation or synchronization
of high flows of the rivers and its tributaries
Most of the 14 barrages in Punjab are now more than 80 years old and are in acute distress
owing to aging, design deficiencies, constructional defects, hydraulic and mechanical problems,
inadequate operation and maintenance, and drastic changes in river morphology as a result of
the implementation of the IWT. During the recent past several serious damages have also been
reported. Serious damage to any of these barrages resulting in an interruption of irrigation
supplies can have disastrous implications on the countrys economy and the population of the
area. The rehabilitation and modernization of these barrages has therefore been considered by
the Government as an urgent necessity.
This project aims to modernize water resources and irrigation infrastructure at the Suleimanki
Headwork. Because of the very low negligible flows during non-monsoon period (approximately
10 months of the year) the morphology of the river channel has drastically changed and there is
general aggradation in the main stream due to sand drifting. The pond area of the barrage has
also heavily silted up especially in the right half where the high shoal has come very close to the
divide wall. The main problems which need to be addressed in this project are:
River training works especially pertaining to pitched island constructed about 4km
upstream of the barrage to keep the river approach straight is not providing the
anticipated results and the main channels strikes the right bank.
The decking of the road bridge has been deteriorated and become risky for present
traffic requirements.
Repairing / modernization of barrage machinery for the smooth operation of the barrage.
Need for improving the road communication system.
1.4
PORJECT DESCRIPTION
This Project envisages updating of feasibility and detailed design of rehabilitation works at
Sulemanki Barrage.
The scope of work includes the following components:
Repairs of cracks, contact grouting underneath the floors.
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PROJECT LOCATION
The barrage is located at latitude of 30-33 North and longitude 73-52 East. It is about 12
miles East of Haveli Lakha Town. The barrage is about 70 miles below Ferozepur Barrage
(India) and 115 miles upstream of Islam Barrage. The barrage falls in Tahsil Depalpour, District
Okara. The barrage location is indicated on Figure-1.1. It is connected to other parts of the
country through roads and is about 94 miles from the provincial capital Lahore and about 281
miles from Islamabad. Other main cities near the barrage include Okara at about 31 miles,
Pakpatan at about 37.5 miles and Kasur at about 60 miles.
1.6
The area of project influence referred to as the area of influence (AOI) is the area likely to be
affected by the project, including all its ancillary aspects such as power transmission lines,
pipelines, canals, access roads, waste disposal areas, batching plant and Labour camp as well
as any unplanned developments induced by the project.
The major features of the area, proposed locations of the contractors facilities and area under
the project use are indicated on the overall environmental study area map and Sulemanki
Barrage environment map are shown in Figure-1.2 and 1.3 respectively. All the temporary work
and clearance of water way to canals head regulators including construction of cofferdam etc
will require approximately 1% of the total area between the RMB and LMB and is well away
from the environmentally sensitive area located along the Pak-India boundary.
1.7
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The Punjab Irrigation Department (PID) engaged National Development Consultants (NDC) in
June 1998 for a safety evaluation of Suleimanki Barrage. This study recommended that
rehabilitation of the barrage be undertaken to ensure its safe operation besides further
investigation for sub-surface flow and model study for river training works. Based on these
recommendations, PID awarded the work of carrying out Feasibility Study for Rehabilitation &
Modernization of the Suleimanki, Tanusa & Khanki Barrages to the joint venture (JV) of NDC
and NESPAK in association with ATKINS of UK called Punjab Barrages Consultants (PBC). The
Consultants submitted the Feasibility Study Report in May 2005. The study made
recommendations to repair the barrage structure including barrage floor in main weir as well as
undersluice section, road bridge deck across the barrage, regulating gates and hoists,
modernize barrage structure, install new vibrating wire piezometersetc . The study also
conclude that the barrage capacity is approximately 100,000 cusecs less than the 100 years
return flood and need to be raised by redesigning of barrage or provision of flood escape
channel.
1.8
The environmental and social data were collected and analyzed for the overall environmental
study area. Primary data, including sampling and testing of the physical environmental
parameters were collected during site visits conducted from September 2009 to November
2009. The test results and analysis of physical environmental parameters included in chapter 4.
Secondary data for the overall study area was reclaimed from other institutions e.g. Wildlife
department, Fishery, Irrigation & power department, SCARPS Monitoring Organization, SEMU
and Directorate Land Reclamation etc.
The base line data was developed and analyzed to identify potential environmental impacts of
the Project. A risk based methodology was adopted to identify the high risk activities and
suggest their mitigation measures. Where possible, eliminating the risk by altering the scope or
method of execution of work was preferred rather than minimizing the risk with control
measures. Public consultations were also undertaken inclusive of gender study, to take into
account the public point of view about the project.
1.9
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This report comprises the Environmental & Social Impact Assessment (EIA) study of the project
area. Environment Assessment (EA) takes into account of the natural environment (air, water,
land, flora & fauna); human health and safety. This study evaluates the projects potential
environmental risks and impacts on its areas of influence, planning, designing and
implementation to preventing, minimizing, mitigating or compensating for adverse environmental
impacts and enhancing positive impacts throughout project implementation.
The Social Assessment (SA) has been conducted to evaluate the projects potential positive and
adverse effects on the affected people and to examine project alternatives where adverse
effects may be significant. The breadth, depth and type of analysis in the social assessment are
proportional to the nature of the project and scale of its potential effects, positive or adverse, on
the affected people. The Socio- Economic Survey was conducted by an experienced and
qualified team of sociologists.
1.10
Introduction
Chapter # 2
Chapter # 3
Project Description
Chapter # 4
Chapter # 5
Analysis of Alternatives
Chapter # 6
Chapter # 7
Chapter # 8
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Figure 1.2:
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Suleimanki Barrage
CHAPTER 2:
IEE Report
2.1
GENERAL
This chapter provides an overview of the policy framework and national legislation and
international obligations that apply to the proposed Project. The Project is expected to
comply with all national legislations and Asian Bank Safeguards Polices relating to
environmental and social issues, and to obtain all regulatory clearances required.
2.2
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (PEPA) 1997 is the primary legislation which applies
in Environmental Assessment studies in Pakistan. Under section 12 of the Act a project falling
under any category specified in Schedule II (SRO 339(1)/2000) require the proponent to file an
EIA with the concerned Environmental Agency, which in case of Sulemanki Barrage is EPA
Punjab. The estimated cost of Sulemanki Barrage Rehabilitation & Upgrading project is higher
than 50 million Pak rupees therefore it falls in Schedule II and it is manadatory to prepare an
EIA for this project under PEPA 1997.
2.3
The Pakistan National Conservation Strategy (NCS) was approved by federal cabinet in
March 1992 and is the principle policy document on environmental issues in the country. The
NCS outlines the countrys primary approaches towards encouraging sustainable
development, conserving natural resources and managing resources. The NCS has 68
specific programmers in 14 core areas in which policy intervention is considered crucial for
the preservation of Pakistans natural and physical environment. The core areas that are
relevant in the context of the proposed Project are pollution prevention and abatement,
conserving biodiversity and preservation of cultural heritage.
2.4
The National Environmental Policy provides an overarching framework for addressing the
environmental issues facing-Pakistan, Particularly pollution of fresh water bodies and coastal
waters, air pollution, lack of proper waste management, deforestation, loss of biodiversity,
desertification, natural disasters and climate change. It also gives directions for addressing
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the cross sectoral issues as well as the underlying causes of environmental degradation and
meeting international obligations. The policy provides broad guidelines to the Federal
Government, Provincial Government, Federally Administrated Territories and Local
Government for addressing environmental concerns and ensuring effective management of
their environmental resources.
2.5
The Pak-EPA has published a set of environmental guidelines for conducting environmental
assessments and the environmental management of different types of development projects.
The guidelines relevant to the proposed Project are listed below:
2.5.1
i.
Provincial EPA
The IPD will be responsible for providing the complete environmental documentation
required by the provincial EPA and remain committed to the approved project design. No
deviation is permitted during project implementation without the prior and explicit permission
of the EPA.
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ii.
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The rehabilitation works are expected to involve some clearing of vegetation that exist on
IPDs land where labour camp and batching plant are to be constructed. Widening and
strengthening of the embankments may also involve uprooting of trees. The contractor will
inform formally to the Punjab Forest Department and PID, even if these trees fall in the area
of PID before undertake any cutting/uprooting.
iii.
The PID and its contractors must ensure that the project meets the criteria of district
governments as related to the establishment of construction camps and plants, and the safe
disposal of wastewater, solid waste, and toxic materials. The PID will coordinate and monitor
environment-related issues.
iv.
Punjab Irrigation Department (PID), Government of Punjab under Punjab Irrigation and
Drainage Authority (PIDA) established the Social and Environmental Management Unit
(SEMU) in December 2006 to enable it to address the environmental and social issues in a
timely and effective manner during operation, maintenance, rehabilitation, construction of
new canals and drains etc. SEMU could be involved as an independent environmental
monitoring organization during construction phase of this Project.
2.7
ENVIRONMENT-RELATED STATUTES
This section outlines statutes apart from the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act, 1997,
which are relevant to the project.
The Forest Act, 1927 (and Provincial Acts and Rules)
The Act, inter alia, deals with the matters related with protection and conservation of natural
vegetation/habitats. In that regard it empowers the concerned agency to declare protected
and reserved forest areas and maintaining these. In spite of the fact that it recognizes the
right of people for access to the natural resources for their household use, it prohibits
unlawful cutting of trees and other vegetation. Cutting trees will require for provision of flood
bypass channel and strengthening the embankments work in this Project. The permission is
required prior to undertake any tree cutting from the area under the charge of Forest
Department of Punjab province. The tree belts along canal sides are protected Forest under
the Forest Act 1927 and are managed under Canal Side Plantation Rules 1960.
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permanent land acquisition has been anticipated in the design of the project. Should there
be a need for temporary acquisition, this law would be of help.
2.8
FIDIC CLAUSES
The size and nature of the work to be undertaken for rehabilitation and modernization of
Sulemanki Barrage is such that it is expected to involve international contractor therefore
following FIDIC clauses have been considered to address the environmental aspects of the
project:
Clause 8.2
Clause 19.1
Clause 27.1
Fossils
Clause 42.1
Clause 42.2
2.9
The Asian Development Banks Environmental Safeguard Policy requires that environmental
considerations be incorporated in to ADB operations to ensure that the project will have
minimal environmental impact and be environmentally sound.
The following guidelines shall be adopted:
Environmental Category
According to ADB Environment Policy, projects are to be categorized in to the following
environmental categories; A, B, or C as given in the table below. At any stage the category
can be changed with the approval of the chief compliance officer if further studies and
investigations reveal that the projects potential impacts are worse, minimal or negligible.
ADB Environmental Categories
Category A:
Projects with potential for significant adverse environmental impacts.
This is applicable in case maga projects causing global or at least regional impacts. This
types of project require a first class EIA to be produced and implemented. This category
consider with Category A of the EPA 1997.
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Category B:
Projects judged to have some adverse environmental impacts, but of lesser degree and/or
significance than those for category A projects.
Category C:
Projects unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts.
Category B is applicable in case of projects with localized and mitigable impacts. Sulemanki
Barrage is not a new mega scale project. It is a rehabilitation and repair of an already
existing structure without causing change even in storage of water behind the barrage. All
impacts shall be local, limited and mitigable. Such projects according to ADB require an IEE
but the EPA requires such class B projects to have an EIA. Since the project has to be
cleared by EPA under Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997, an EIA is also produced
for EPA Punjab.
2.10
The NEQS 2000 of EPA under Environmental Protection Act 1997 specify the following
standards:
1
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2.11
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INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS
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CHAPTER 3:
3.1
THE PROJECT
HISTORY
Suleimanki Headworks located at about 12 miles east of Haveli Lakha Town. The barrage
was constructed near the village Suleimanki during 1924-26 as a component of Sutlej Valley
Project. Soon after its commissioning in 1926, the Barrage experienced substantial
regression, in fact in the very first flood season, which necessitated some modifications and
alternations in 1930. Over the past eighty years or so the Barrage has facilitated an efficient
flow of irrigation water in three major canals; Sadiqia (design discharge: 6080 cusecs) and
Fordwah (design discharge: 3366 cusecs) canals which off take from the left bank and
irrigate areas in Bahawalnagar and Bahawalpur Districts while the Pakpattan Canal (design
discharge 6594 cusecs) off take from the right bank meeting irrigation demands in the area
in Okara, Pakpattan, Vehari and Lodhran Districts. The three canals collectively command
an area of 2.5 million acres. Barrage Engineers opine that ordinarily, barrages like
Suleimanki have an efficient life of about 50 years and beyond which at some point old age
symptoms start showing up.
3.2
At the time of completion of Barrage structure in 1927 the barrage comprised of:
Waterways
A main weir consisting of 24 bays of 60ft each with crest level 560ft amsl.
Right and left pocket, each consisting of 8 bays of 30ft each with crest level 8ft lower
than the main weir i.e. 552ft amsl.
Stilling Basin
The stilling basin for both main weir and under sluices is placed at RL 549.0 ft amsl. The
corresponding length for main weir and under sluices is 35 ft and 80 ft respectively. Two
rows of friction blocks of 2 ft high have been provided in the main weir.
Divide Wall
There are two divide walls at Suleimanki Barrage separating the central weir from the right
and left undersluices. Both the divide walls are 700 ft (213.36 m) long, which are extending
much beyond the Canal Regulators (Sadiqia Canal along left flank and Pakpattan Canal
along right). The top of the divide wall is 572ft amsl.
Fish Ladder
Two fish ladders exist at Suleimanki Barrage along both divide walls. During the course of
floods fish ladders function well and during low flow these remain dry.
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Guide Bank
The guide banks at Suleimanki Barrage are unique as compared to any other barrage as
they are of converging type. The abutment to abutment width of the barrage is 2223 ft, while
the width between guide banks at the nose is 1600 ft.
Road Bridge
Existing Structural Steel Bridge over the barrage is in bad condition and its deck needs
immediate replacement. Structural analysis of this bridge, as carried out during feasibility
design, has revealed that main steel members of the supporting system of the bridge are in
good condition and quite serviceable for future use except the deck.
Canal Head Regulator
There are three head regulators of off-taking canals from the barrage namely Pakpattan
Canal, Fordwah Canal and Sadiqia Canal. There are 8 bays in Pakpattan Canal head
regulator, while Sadiqia Canal and Fordwah Canal have 7 and 5 bays respectively. All canal
regulators have 20 ft clear bays separated by 4 ft wide masonry piers. Bifurcating pier
between Fordwah and Sadiqia Canal is 8 ft wide. Masonry arches of the bridges are
supported by these piers. Piers are supported by plain concrete floor, which is locally thicken
at pier locations and serves as foundation support for the pier. The steel gates are rusted
and need immediate repair or replacement.
Flood Retaining Bunds
Right and Left Marginal Bunds extending either side to a distance of about 10 miles
upstream of the weir. LMB of the barrage virtually forms the border between Pakistan and
India and controlled by the Pakistan Army and Rangers.
3.2.1
Barrage Components
325,000 Cusecs
2223 ft
1920 ft
RL 572.00
RL 569.00
No. of Bays
24
60
Pier thickness
7 ft
Crest width
13.5 ft
Crest level
RL 560.00
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16
30 ft
Pier thickness
5 ft
Crest level
RL 552
Top Level
RL 572
Top Width
5 ft
No of bays
8+8
Left
Right
3500
3500
1200
1200
579
579
Top Width
56
56
2:1
2:1
3:1
3:1
Left
Right
47,500
Length (ft)
63,000
CANALS
Pakpattan
Capacity (Cusecs)
Sadiqia
Fordwah
6594
6200
3465
Crest level RL
559.00
559.00
561.50
Floor RL
552.00
552.00
552.00
567.30
567.50
567.50
No. of Bays
20
20
20
555.30
557.50
559.50
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3.3
IEE Report
THE PROBLEM
Suleimanki barrage is now 86 years old and in the aging process along with inadequate or
deferred maintenance has resulted in general deterioration and damages of its different
components like the regulation gates and hoisting equipment. The distorted flow pattern
oblique entry into the guide bank zone has provoked many problems, any further damage to
this barrage can result in colossal losses in the form of total or partial disruption of irrigation
supplies, agricultural crops, loss of government revenue, and rehabilitation cost of
emergency repairs. The barrage has therefore been identified as a structure requiring
repairs.
The wind system, the wooden deck, the road bridge all are at least 85 years old. Though the
brick masonry not showing any apparent sign of deterioration but it needs to be examined
closely and will be appropriately repaired if required. After the Indus Water Treaty, the pond
behind the headworks receives water from B.S. link canal and feed to Eastern Sadiqia,
Fordwah and Pakpattan canals. The water received from B.S. link canal is too little to fully
occupy the whole span of the river and therefore leads to bela formation. Plates 3.1 to 3.4
are shown the different components of the barrage.
Realizing the gravity of the situation of this barrage Punjab Government has given due
attention to Sulemanki Barrage and has included it in the Phase-I program of rehabilitation of
barrages in Punjab.
3.4
The project aims to repair and upgrading water resources and irrigation infrastructure at the
Suleimanki Barrage. The project is designed to address the following issues:
The decking of the road bridge has been deteriorated and become risky for present
traffic requirements.
Repairing / modernization of regulation machinery for the smooth operation of the
barrage.
Repair Barrage structural components
3.4.1 COMPONENTS OF THE PROJECT
The works include both Civil and Mechanical/Electrical works. A construction schedule is
included in Appendix 3.1. The components of work are as follows:
Civil Works
Grouting the Cavities and Cracks
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Repair the Barrage floor where aggregate has been exposed and floor thickness
reduced
Clearance of water way to the canal head regulator
Improvement in existing Public Park.
Mechanical/Electrical Works
Repair of Barrage and canal Gates, Installing electric motors for Hoisting System
Installation of Pressure Monitoring Instruments.
3.5
LABOUR CAMP
It is envisaged that the Project will attract about 1000 skilled/unskilled labour. It should be
ensured that maximum labour arranged locally however the majority of the skilled labour
working on site likely to be migrated from other part of the country. It is a contractors
contractual obligation to provide a labour camp and consultants and employer offices on
site. The PIDs land is available for consultants and contractors offices and officer residence
and no private land will be acquired for this purpose. Private land may require for labour
camp and batching plant. The contractors camp and labour camp will be a permanent
structure which could be used by other institutions e.g. irrigation, police, forces etc at the
completion of the Project. The suitable locations for the contractors facilities are indicated on
figure 3.1. The land for the suggested locations for labour camp and batching plant will be
arranged by the PID.
3.6
The area near the left guide wall at downstream of barrage can be use as a work base area,
as indicated on figure 3.1. However the available area may not be sufficient for all the plant
and machinery use in the project. Therefore the area could be used as work base for only
those activities undertaken at the barrage. The other option for work base area is on the
Sulemanki-Haveli Lakha road next to the proposed location for batching plant. The Work
base area and all the access roads are located within the PIDs land therefore no any private
land acquisition is anticipated due to the establishing the work base area and access road.
Modification and maintenance of the surface of the bunds and access roads will be
undertaken to ensure the dust free environment of the area.
3.7
MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
The main type of materials require for the execution of the work are:
3.7.1
Civil Works
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Units
Concrete
100 cft
2,580
Stone
100 cft
10,784
Steel
100 kg
9,068
Sheet Piles
100 kg
35,85.07
1000 cft
108,32.918
Clayey Soil
(Fill Material)
3.7.2
Electrical/Mechanical Works
SOURCE OF MATERIAL
The common source of the material require for civil work are described in Table-3.1.
Table 3.1:
Sr. #
Raw Material
Availability
Earth Material
Aggregate
Rip-rap material
Sand
Source
the
lands
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Water for compaction of River water can be used for this purpose
access roads etc
Cement
Reinforcement steel
3.8
It is envisaged that the following equipments and machineries will be required for
construction activities:1. Concrete Batching plant
2. Transit mixer
3. Concrete Pumps
4. Motor Graders
5. Excavators
6. Dozers
7. Dumpers
8. Compaction Roller
9. Water bouzers
10. Crane
11. Transport Buses
12. Front End Loaders
The equipment will be kept in a plant & equipment yard. The suitable site for the yard is
indicated on figure 3.1.
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Suleimanki Barrage
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CHAPTER 4:
4.1
GENERAL
The purpose of this chapter is to establish the baseline conditions for the Physical, Biological
and the Social aspects of Environment of the project area. This chapter assesses the extent
of the Area of Influence (AOI) and describes the relevant environmental conditions of the
Study Area. This will assist in impact assessment and suggesting the appropriate mitigation
measures required.
4.2
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
The physical environment includes soil quality, water quality, ambient air quality and climatic
conditions.
4.2.1
The major land form units of the area include Active/Recent flood plains, sub recent flood
plains and Piedmont Plains.
Active flood plains are narrow strips along the river and its tributaries. The plains are
inundated almost every year, covered with rich alluvium and are suitable for agriculture. Sub
recent flood plains also called alluvial terraces are depositional and are separated from the
adjoining active flood plains by the river cut bluffs ranging in height from 2m to 10m. The
sediments are called old alluvium and are composed of compact calcareous silty clay.
Piedmont plains develop between the mountain and river. The Piedmont plains of River
Sutlej fall in the Indian Territory. The river rolling down the mountains become active only
when rainfall takes place. It flows down the slopes swiftly. On reaching the foothills, it looses
speed and drops part of the load within the streams, which split into a number of narrow
channels. The gravel, sand and silt thus deposited, form the alluvial fans. The Piedmont
plains, dominated by the alluvial fans, provide good soils and suitable topography for
agriculture.
4.2.1.1
Soil Types
The Project area forms a part of the vast Indus plain, which is a part of the Indo-Gangetic
depression. This depression is of a synclinal nature. Synclinorium depression is a fore deep
downward of the Himalayan foreland of variable depth, converted into flat plains by simple
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process of alleviation. The alluvial deposits consist on silty sand to silty clay are underlain by
rocks of Precambrian age i.e. Sandstone.
4.2.1.2
Surface Salinity
In the event of extended canal closure the saline area will be most vulnerable area in the
canal commands. Extended canal closure will not be require in this project, however to deal
with any accidental canal closure impacts the saline area in the canal commands are
identified. A study of surface salinity of the canal command areas of Pakpattan Canal,
Fordwah Canal and Sadiqia Canal was undertaken by the SCARPS Monitoring Organisation
(SMO) and presented in their reports references: S&R Publication No. 29, No. 33 and No.
35. The main parameters tested in the field were EC and pH.
SMO arranged auger holes at suitable sites up to 180 cm depth or to the sloughing material
for the study within the canal command area. All the three canals irrigate a considerable
area of Southern Punjab. The canal command areas for Pakpatan Canal, Sadiquia Canal
and Fordwah Canal extend up to 1,058,000 acres, 1,260,000 acres and 474,000 acres
respectively. The percentages of strongly saline (EC > 15ds/m) area found within each canal
command areas are summarized in Table 4.1. Considerable area was identified as strongly
saline within the Fordwah Canal command area.
Table 4.1:
Strongly Saline
Canal
Total
Command
Acreage
Acreage
Percentage
Acreage
Percentage
Pakpattan
1,058,330
947,637
90%
1,082
< 1%
Fordwah
474,000
386,537
82%
20,123
4%
Sadiqia
1,260,000
1,083,600
86%
12,600
1%
Source:
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4.2.1.3
IEE Report
Seismic Data
Due to the continental plate drift of Indian Plate and Asian Plate, Pakistan has been suffered
from the devastating earthquakes in past. NESPAK has been developed a Seismic Zoning
Map for Pakistan. The whole country is
divided into following 5 zones:
Seismic
Peak Horizontal
Zone
Ground Acceleration
0.05 to 0.08g
2A
0.08 to 0,16g
2B
0.16 to 0.24g
0.24 to 0.32g
>0.32g
Climate
No meteorological station is located within the project study area. The data and analysis
provided is based on yearly record from the monitoring station at Okara managed by
Pakistan Metrological Department (PMD). The climate of the area is arid characterized by
long hot summer and short mild winter. The summer extends from April to October. Ambient
air quality was determined by an authenticated laboratory. The concentrations of the
contaminants are sumarised below:
Sr.No
1
Parameter
Unit
Nitrogen
ppb
Dioxide(NO2)
2
Sulphur
ppb
Dioxide(SO2)
3
Carbon
ppm
Monoxide(CO)
4
Particulate
g/m
Matter(PM10)
g/m: micrograms per cubic meter
ppm: Parts per million
Duration
24 hrs
24 hrs
24 hrs
24 hrs
LDL
0.01
0.01
1.0
2
Max. Obtained
Conc
153.3
9.58
4.3
117.32
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33
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The monthly rainfall varies significantly. The highest rainfall was recorded during the
monsoon months (June and July).
4.2.2.3
Wind
The wind speed significantly varied over the twelve month period. Peak values were
recorded during the month of May while the minimum wind speed occurred in the months of
October and January. The typical wind direction is south to north.
Average Monthly Wind speed, Okara (2007)
4.2.3
4.2.3.1
Water Quality
Surface Water Quality
The natural surface water resources of the project area include Sutlej River, the canals
which off-take from the barrage, Pakpattan Canal, Fordwah Canal and Sadiqia Canal, and
the BS Link Canal that has its outfall at the Sutlej River at the RME. The river water
discharge at Ferozpour Barrage by the Indian government is negligible except during the
monsoon period. The design discharge capacity of the canals off take from Sulemanki
Barrage are as follows;
Pakpattan Canal
6,594 Cusecs
Sadiqia Canal
6,080 Cusecs
Fordwah Canal
3,366 Cusecs
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The design discharge capacity of the canal brings water from Baloki Barrage to Sulemanki
Barrage (BS Link Canal) is 22,000 Cusecs.
Sutlej River is now a non-perennial river as a result of the diversion of its water by India,
under the Indus Water Treaty of 1960. Presently, its flow constitutes of water mostly
released from the BS Link Canal and occasional releases by India from Ferozpour Barrage,
mostly occurring during high flow season. Pakpattan and Sadiqia canals are perennial
canals where as Fordwah is non-perennial at the barrage. A drain bringing wastewater from
India converges with Sutlej River at about 6 km upstream of the Barrage as shown on
Figure-1.2. The drain called Fazilaka drain in Pakistan and Gandahi drain in India.
4.2.3.2
Hydrological Characterization
The average river flows upstream of the Sulemanki Barrage is shown in Table 4.2. Average
flows were determined for the year 1981, 1997, 1998, 1999 and 2000 during the months
between May and October when river flow is significant. This indicates the peak flow usually
occurs in August of due to the the monsoon season in the area.
Table 4.2: Average River Flows Upstream of the Sulemanki Barrage (MAF)
Months
1997
1998
1999
2000
May
12,930.42
9,756.90
20,064.58
10,869.00
11,422.77
June
13,219.67
6,800.65
18,519.47
13,277.27
11,846.83
July
15,293.45
9,851.71
32,954.42
18,307.52
17,997.13
August
15,408.45
23,083.90
20,320.06
24,385.10
15,445.97
September
12,590.53
22,025.17
29,482.47
17,038.87
13,558.60
October
9,433.23
11,254.42
36,688.97
10,486.23
4,658.94
Following are the salient features of the Sutlej River and Hydrological Regime of Suleimanki
Barrage:-
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Beas River joins Sutlej near Harike where India has built a Barrage to take out Rajasthan
Canal. Ferozpur Barrage has been built on Sutlej near Ferozpur (India) to take out Bikaner
and Eastern Canals. After the Indus Water Treaty, only surplus water of the above two
barrages is allowed to flow down to Suleimanki Barrage.
Design Capacity of the Barrage = 325,000 Cusecs
Maximum discharge of pre-construction period a discharge of 249,482 cusecs was
computed from the flood marks existing in the vicinity of proposed weir site in 1920.
Table 4.3:
Years
1942
Discharge through
weir (Cusecs)
325,000
Through Breeches in
Flood Embankment
Nil
Total
(Cusecs)
325,000
1943
309,000
Nil
309,000
1947
360,000
Nil
360,000
1950
332,000
Nil
332,000
1955
422,000
175,000
597,000
1988
400,000
100,000
500,000
1995
301,865
Nil
301,865
The most recent flood caused the breaching in LMB and RMB occurred in 1988. According
to the data received from irrigation department a discharge of 500,000 cusecs was received
upstream of Suleimanki Barrage out of which 100,000 cusecs escaped through the breaches
in the marginal bunds and 400,000 cusecs passed through the Barrage with a raised
upstream barrage level. As per report of the Punjab Government 28 people lost their lives,
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10,263 cattle heads were lost, about 209 acres of cropped area were damaged during 1988
floods.
The Punjab Irrigation Department generally defines flood limits as low, medium, high, very
high, and exceptionally high at key control points. River Sutlej flood limits revised and fixed
in 1974 by the Punjab Flood Commission for Suleimanki Barrage are given below:
Normal Flood
Up to 50,000 cusecs
Low Flood
Medium Flood
High Flood
175,000 to 220,500
As per Flood Fighting Plan prepared by the Executive Engineer Suleimanki Barrage (2009) a
list of villages and Abadies likely to be inundated at the event of high flood (cause breaching)
is included in the Plan and listed below:
Villages around the barrage and likely to be inundated at the event of high flood
1
Thakarka Maneki
12
Stia Jhanghar
13
Dharanga
14
Alika Rohals
15
Bukkan Guddar Ka
Rakh Bulewal
16
Boola Chishti
Mehtab Garh
17
Meneka Nikki
18
Kaluwah
19
Noor Shah
Mathila Bhidal
20
Chak Haiderabad
10
Maneki
21
Bareet
11
Mahant Darshan
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Legend
Figure 4.2:
Suleimanki Barrage
IEE Report
40
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Parameter
Unit
Right
Under
Sluice
(11/11/09)
Left
Under
Sluice
(11/11/09)
Just after
BS link
fall into
Sutlej
River
(11/11/09)
WHO
NEQS
Odorless
01
Odor
Odorless
Odorless
02
pH
7.12
7.06
6.90
6.5 9.5
69
03
Turbidity
NTU
21
22
41
04
BOD5
mg/l
10
80.00
05
COD
mg/l
12
20
21
150.00
06
57
70
23
mg/l
28
30
48
200
mg/l
273
280
219
1000
3500
07
08
Total
Suspended
Solids (TSS)
Total Dissolved
Solids (TDS)
MPN/100
ml
09
Chloride (Cl)
mg/l
31.98
34.88
23.26
250
1000
10
Sulphate (SO4)
mg/l
34.78
44.86
29.64
250
600
11
Nitrates (NO3)
mg/l
1.4
1.7
0.9
50
12
Fluoride (F)
mg/l
0.33
0.36
0.39
1.50
10.00
13
Ammonia
mg/l
0.8
0.91
0.6
1.50
40
14
mg/l
<1.0
<1.0
<1.0
10.00
15
Chromium (Cr)
mg/l
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
0.05
1.00
16
Copper (Cu)
mg/l
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
2.00
1.00
17
Lead (Pb)
mg/l
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.01
0.50
18
Mercury (Hg)
mg/l
<0.001
<0.001
<0.001
0.001
0.01
19
Selenium (Se)
mg/l
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
0.010
0.50
20
Nickel (Ni)
mg/l
<0.01
0.02
0.02
0.020
1.00
21
Silver (Ag)
mg/l
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
1.00
22
Zinc (Zn)
mg/l
0.02
0.02
0.02
3.00
5.00
23
Barium (Ba)
mg/l
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
0.7
1.50
24
Iron (Fe)
mg/l
0.54
0.62
0.94
0.3
8.00
mg/l
0.02
0.02
0.04
0.50
1.50
mg/l
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
1.00
25
26
Manganese
(Mn)
Chlorine
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Table 4.5: Laboratory Analysis Report of Surface Water Samples (FAO limits)
Results
Just after
Sr.
Parameter
Unit
No
Right
Left
BS link
Under
Under
fall into
Sluice
Sluice
Sutlej
FAO
Electrical
Conductivity
Total Dissolved
Solids (TDS)
420
438
352
0 - 3000
mg/l
273
280
219
0 2000
03
Chloride (Cl)
mg/l
31.98
34.88
23.26
0 1060
04
Sulphate (SO4)
mg/l
34.78
44.86
29.64
0 960
05
Nitrates (NO3)
mg/l
1.4
1.7
0.9
0 10
meq/l
2.69
2.74
2.09
0 15
Sodium
06
Absorption
Ratio (SAR)
07
Magnesium
mg/l
9.0
9.96
9.37
0 60
08
Calcium
mg/l
36
36.48
34.56
0 400
09
Sodium
mg/l
70
72.5
53.75
0 910
10
Potassium
mg/l
4.9
4.9
4.2
11
Bicarbonates
mg/l
150.52
150.52
143.35
12
Carbonates
mg/l
<0.5
<0.5
<0.5
02
0 610
03
Analysis of Results
WHO Standards:
The water quality test results indicate that four parameters exceed WHO standards;
Turbidity, Total Coli Form, Lead and Iron in all three surface water sampling points. The
water is therefore clearly unsuitable for drinking purposes. However, according to the
Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (PAK-EPA) 2003, the maximum limit of E-coil is
126 per 100ml in freshwater for recreational use. The numbers of E-coil in the samples are
less than 126/100ml therefore the river water is fit for recreational use.
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FAO Standards:
The water quality testing results were compared with the FAO standards for irrigation water
as shown in Table-4.5. From the salinity point of view, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) in all
three samples of the surface water was detected within the marginal criteria. Laboratory
results for Electrical Conductivity also showed that it was within the usable range. Almost all
other parameters tested within the defined limits, except for Potassium which exceeded the
limits.
The water quality testing results are consistent with the analysis of River Sutlej carried out by
IPD in 2007 and tabulated in their Annual 2007 report on water quality. 8 water quality
parameters were tested for during the months of December to October 2007 with the
conclusion that water quality of Sutlej remains within the safe limits of FAO standards.
NEQS Standards:
The results have been compared with NEQS 2000 as shown in Table 4.4. All water quality
parameters tested were within the defined ranges set by NEQS.
4.2.3.5 Ground Water
Tubewells and hand pumps are the two most common sources of groundwater within the
project area. The Unconfined aquifer can be found as shallow as 3 m depth from the ground
level near the barrage and is mainly used for drinking and agricultural purpose. The aquifer
constitutes of a stratum of loose sand of high permeability.
Groundwater Testing
To assess baseline conditions of ground water in the project area, one sample was obtained
from an existing hand pump at the barrage on 11th November 2009 for analysis. The hand
pump was located near the right guide bank, upstream of the barrage. It has been observed
that the local population uses this water source for drinking and domestic washing by a
nearby restaurant. The sampling point is indicated on Figure-4.1. The approximate depth of
the bore of the hand pump is 10m from ground level.
The sample collected was tested by an EPA authorized laboratory. Standard sampling
procedures used for surface water sampling were followed for the groundwater sample to
ensure the integrity of the samples collected and validity of test results.
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Table 4.6:
Sr.
No
Parameter
Unit
GW
WHO
(11/11/09)
pH
7.29
6.5-8.5
Odour
Odorless
mg/l
415.0
1000.0
mg/l
34
Turbidity
NTU
27
5.0
Ammonia
mg/l
0.05
1.50
10
E-coli
No./100ml
39.0
11
Flouride
mg/l
1.2
1.5
12
Chloride
mg/l
21.0
250.0
13
Chlorine*
mg/l
< 0.1
14
mg/l
<1.0
15
Arsenic
mg/l
<0.005
0.01
16
Barium
mg/l
< 0.5
0.7
17
Chromium
mg/l
< 0.01
0.05
18
Cyanide
mg/l
<0.01
0.07
19
Sulphate
mg/l
35.0
250.0
20
Iron
mg/l
2.50
0.3
21
Selenium
mg/l
< 0.01
0.01
22
Mercury
mg/l
< 0.001
0.001
23
Cadmium
mg/l
<0.01
0.003
24
Copper
mg/l
<0.01
1.0 2.0
25
Lead
mg/l
0.02
0.01
26
Nickel
mg/l
0.02
0.02
27
Silver
mg/l
<0.1
28
Zinc
mg/l
<0.01
3.0
29
Manganese
mg/l
0.41
0.5
30
Color
Pale Yellow
31
Sodium
mg/l
70
200.0
32
Nitrate
mg/l
5.30
50.0
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Table 4.7
Sr.
No
IEE Report
Parameter
Unit
FAO
Standards
GW
(11/11/09)
S/cm
594
0- 3x105
meq/l
1.92
0 15 (meq/l)
mg/l
ND
mg/l
415.0
0 2000
Calcium Hardness
mg/l
183.15
Magnesium Hardness
mg/l
66.80
Magnesium
mg/l
16.3
0 60
Ammonia
mg/l
0.05
05
10
Sulphate
mg/l
35.0
0 960
11
Sodium
mg/l
70
0 910
12
Chloride
mg/l
21.0
0 1060
Analysis of Results
WHO Standards
The suite of contaminants and test results are summarized in Table-4.6. The test results
indicate that the groundwater quality is unsuitable for drinking purposes. 3 parameters,
Lead, Turbidity and Iron exceeded the defined WHO limits for drinking water. It is envisaged
that the higher concentrations of contaminants in shallow groundwater is due to the recharge
of groundwater from contaminated river water. However, groundwater from a higher depth is
likely to achieve the WHO drinking water standards.
FAO Standards
The water quality test results were also compared against FAO standards to determine the
groundwaters suitability to be used for irrigation as well. The analysis of the single
groundwater sample shows that all parameters necessary for irrigation water are within the
safe FAO limits.
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NEQS Standards
The groundwater quality parameters all tested within the safer limits of NEQS standards.
Groundwater Quality in Canal Command Areas
The secondary data for groundwater quality has been collected from the Directorate of Land
Reclamation and SMO offices for canals command areas. The groundwater was classified
on the basis of laboratory analysis arranged by SMO for Electrical Conductivity (EC),
Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) during 2005. For
ease in description, the groundwater has been expressed as usable, marginal and
hazardous for irrigation as determined by the adverse value of any of the above mentioned
three parameters. The classification criteria used is not intended to be strict in relation to the
effects of irrigation waters on soil and crop growth and can be truly adjusted according to
environmental factors such as climate, type of soil, crops grown and management practices.
SMO also carried out testing for pH and EC in the filed by using digital pH and EC meters
and sent all the water samples to the laboratory for detailed chemical analysis. The samples
were analyzed for EC, SAR and RSC. These parameters are used for the classification of
water as usable, marginal and hazardous.
Usable
Marginal
Hazardous
EC x 106 S/cm
0 1500
1500 3000
> 3000
RSC (meq/l)
0 2.5
2.5 5.0
> 5.0
SAR (mg/l)
0 10
10 18
> 18
The groundwater quality within the canal command areas are summarized in table 4.8.
Table 4.8:
Command
Area of
No.
of
Water
Usable
Marginal
Hazardous
Samples
No.
No.
No.
Pakpattan
592
393
66
158
27
41
Sadiqia
292
131
45
97
33
64
22
Fordwah
600
223
37
169
28
208
35
Source:
The overall shallow ground water quality in Fordwah Canal Command Area when compared
to a survey done in 1977-79 indicates that the usable category of present survey has
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decreased by 16%, whereas marginal and hazardous water quality have increased by 12%
and 4%, respectively. Likewise for Sadiqia, the usable category has decreased by 14% while
the marginal and hazardous have increased by 4% and 10 % respectively, as compared to
the 1977-79 survey. This might be due to heavy pumpage of private tubewells which were
installed and operated by the farmers in the command area to meet with the crop water
requirements of the area. The drought conditions prevailing in the country since 1960 after
the Indus Water Treaty also played role in the deterioration of shallow water quality as fresh
water recharge remained comparatively less than pumpage. No survey in 1977-79 was done
for Pakpattan Canal Command Area.
4.3
BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
The existing habitats within the project area include the agricultural land, wetland (including
the reservoir, canal system and small water impoundments) of these the agricultural land
occupied most of the area. The wetland is an important ecological feature of the site and is a
repository to a number of birds species. The area is open for shooting under the shooting
permit issued by the Wildlife Department.
4.3.1
Flora
The Flora can be divided into two parts:Riverian Tract
Adjacent Inland Area
Riverian Tract
In riverian tract, especially in pond area the succession of vegetation, first colonizes are
grasses and Typha followed by Tamarix as the soil become consolidated and is raised by
the new silt deposition in the scrub, so that the vegetation is no longer completely
submerged and erect tree growth becomes possible.
As the soil gets stabilized and drained the forest community normally progresses to Acacia
nilotica and Dalbergia sissoo. In its present state, the flora of Riverian Alluvial deposits can
be listed as follows:Trees
1. Lai (Tamarix dioca)
2. Pilchi (Tamarix gallica)
3. Babool (Acacia nilotica)
4. Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo)
5. Beri (Zizyphus yujuba)
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49
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Production Value:
Timber, fuel wood and non-timber produce.
2.
Protection Values
Soil conservation, wind breaks and protection and habitats for fauna.
3.
Environmental Values
Production of oxygen, carbon absorption, cooling of air temperature.
4.
Aesthetic Values
Trees as green dimension tool of landscape the other vegetation supplements that.
5.
Cultural Values
Various produce available out of the flora shape the habits and culture of the
adjacent population.
6.
Strategic Value
Near the project area there is Rangers out post and the scale vegetation on the site
provides camouflage as well as obstacle value to the area.
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7.
IEE Report
Rehabilitation Value
Succession of vegetation on alluvial soil in the river builds up the soil at advance
stage this process can add more lands to agriculture use.
4.3.2
Terrestrial Fauna
The rich Fauna of Sutlej River at Sulemanki Barrage, upstream in the barrage head pond
and downstream in the released waters, is as follows: the data collected from the Wildlife
department and from the EIA study conducted for Islam Barrage Rehabilitation & Upgrading.
Mammals
Species
Scientific Name
Status
Mongoose
Herpestes edwardsi
Common
Mongoose
Herpestes anropunctatous
Common
Porcupine
Hystrise indica
Common
Hedge Hog
Hemiechinus spp.
Common
Fox
Valpes bengalensis
Less Common
Jackal
Canis aureus
Common
Wild Boar
Sus scrofa
Common
House Rat
Rattus rattus
Common
Scotphilus
Common
Hare
Lepus nigricollis
Common
Nilgai
Boselaphus tragocamelus
Rare
Hog Deer
Axis porcinus
Rare
Black Buck
Disambiguation
Rare
Scientific Name
Status
Common
Toads
Common
Marsh crocodiles
Crocodylus palustris
Now extinct
Erys Johnii
Common
Chequared
Snake
keel
Common
Xenochrophis cerasogaster
Common
Enhydris pakistanica
Rare
Gecko
Hemidactylus
Common
Dhaman
Ptyas mucosus
Rare
Amphiosma estolata
Rare
Indian Cobra
Naja naja
Common
Veranus bengalensis
Common
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Species
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Scientific Name
Status
Common
Scientific Name
Status
Hardella Thurjii
Common
Hardella thurgi
Common
Species
Scientific Name
Status
Lissymes punctata
Common
Kachuga Smithin
Common
Scientific Name
Status
Flap Shells
Rare
Rare
Common Tortois
Common
4.3.3
Birds
The barrage pond area provides the habitat of many species of migrating waterfowl and
protected species of the local birds. Partridge and Peacock are the local protected species of
the birds found in project area. Many rare species of waterfowl also visit this site during
winter. The list of birds is prepared during the consultation of wildlife department.
Species
Scientific Name
Status
Halcyon smyrnensis
Common
Pied kingfisher
Ceryle rudis
Common
Little egret
Egretta garryetta
Common
Cattle egret
Bubulcus ibis
Common
Pond heron
Areleola grayii
Common
Little bittern
Ixobrychus minutes
Common
Red-vented bulbul
Pyenonotus cafer
Common
Black drongo
Dicrurus macrocercus
Common
Rosy starling
Sturnus vulgaris
Common
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Common myna
Acridotheres tristis
Common
Bank myna
Acridotheres ginginianus
Common
House crow
Corvas splendens
Common
Motacilla maderaspatensis
Common
Ring dove
Streptopelia decaocto
Common
Streptopelia senegalensis
Common
Indian roller
Coracias benghalensis
Common
Plain prinia
Prinia inornata
Common
Purple sunbird
Nectarinia asiatica
Common
Indian robin
Saxicoloides fulicata
Common
Coppersmith barbest
Megalaima rubricapilla
Common
Rose-ringed parakeet
Psittacula krameri
Common
Nycticorax nycticorax
Common
Greater coucal
Centropus sinensis
Common
Asian koel
Eudynamys scolopacea
Common
Golden-back woodpecker
Dinopium javanense
Common
Dendrocopos mahrattensis
Common
Barn owl
Tyto alba
Common
Spotted owlet
Athene brama
Common
Blue-rock pigeon
Columba livia
Common
Yellow-throated sparrow
Petronia xanthocollis
Common
Sind sparrow
Passer pyrrhonotus
Common
River tern
Sterna aurantia
Common
Platalea leucorodia
Rare
Vanellus leucurus
Rare
Himantopus himantopus
Common
Cattle egret
Bubulcus ibis
Common
Common coot
Fulica atra
Common
Common pochard
Aythya ferina
Common
Actitis hypaleucus
Common
Anser indicus
Rare
Netta rufina
Rare
Tufted duck
Aythy fuligula
Rare
Pond heron
Ardeola Grayti
Common
Yellow-crowned
woodpecker
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River tern
4.3.4
IEE Report
Sterna aurantia
Common
Fish
The most important typies of game fish found in Indus valley are Palla (Tenua losa ilisha)
and Mahasheer (Torputitora spp.) which are an exceptional species. But due to construction
of a series of barrages Palla cannot migrate from sea upwards and is almost extinct from
river waters. Upward breeding movement of Mahasheer is also restricted due to barrages.
The data included in this section is collected during the site meeting with the fishing
contractors and visit at the local office of Fisheries Department. Mainly the fish is exported to
big cities like Multan, Lahore, Karachi etc, however small quantity of fish is sold by the
vendors along the road near the barrage. Fishing is not allowed within 500m of the barrage
upstream and downstream. The contractor(s) can go up to 6 to 7 km from both side of the
barrage to catch the fish. Specially designed net (Jal) by the fishermen are the common tool
of catching fish. It has been found that more than 90% of the people live around the barrage
are connected with the fishing industry during the fishing season. The most common type of
fish found at the barrage are Mali, Gulfam, Sangari, Raho, Talapi, Mori and Soul.
Fisheries play a significant role in Pakistan economy and contribute towards full filling the
food requirement of the country. There are also handful numbers of fish shops at the
Barrage where both raw and fried fish are sold. People from the surrounding big cities and
towns i.e. Okara, Kasor, Pakpattan, Depalpour etc visit at the barrage to enjoy the fresh fried
fish during the fishing season. The fishing season commence on October and finish by mid
of February. During off season local people get involve with agricultural work or temporarily
move to the cities to avail money earning opportunities.
Fishes Commonly Found in River Sutlej Upstream and Downstream Sulemanki
Barrage
Local Name
Scientific Name
Daula
Channa marulius
Dumbra
Labeo rohita
Dumbro
Labeo rohita
Gulfam
Cyprinus carpio
Khagga
Khagga
Rita rita
Mori
Barilius Vagra
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Mullee
Wallago attu
Rohu
Labeo rohita
Saul
Singhara
Singhari
Singhi
Heteropneustes fosslis
Theil
Catla Catla
Thaila
Catla catla
Theili
Catla catla
It can be concluded from the above data that as long as there is no drastic change in the
general river habitat there can hardly any impact on Fish habitats. In anyway, the biological
interbalance in the ecosystem is healthy that all minor changes do not cross the limits of
ecological shock absorbers.
IUCN Status of identified species
Status of each species is indicated in column three of the list. No IUCN red list is available
for particular reference to Sulemanki Barrage and surrounding area, however the listed
species have been broadly categorized in IUCN list on global basis as follow;
Endangered: Narrow Headed soft shell turtle (Turtle)
Vulnerable: common River Turtle (Turtle), Gulfam (fish), Singhi (Fish)
All other species are of Least Concern or Not Evaluated in IUCN List
WWF conducted exploratory surveys of headworks of Punjab in 2007 under Pakistan
Wetlands Programme. The survey revealed that ecologically important species of wetlands
are found in this area. The site is under the control of the Pakistan Army, being near to the
line of control (LoC). Ultimately, activities of people are fairly limited.
Wetlands associated species reported at head Sulemanki include smooth-coated otter
(Lutrogale perspicillata), Hog deer (Axis porcinus porcinus), and various species of
freshwater turtles of which the most important are Ganges softshell turtle (Nilsonia
gangetica), Indian peacock softshell turtle (Nilsonia hurum), and Indian narrow-headed
softshell turtle (Chitra indica). Otters and Hog deer are threatened due to loss of suitable
habitat and illicit hunting all over the country.
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Freshwater turtles are facing a serious threat of trade in their body parts in the country.
Duration of trade in turtle parts recorded in head Sulemanki was 6 years in 2007, which
revealed that commercial turtle trade started in 2002 in this area.
Historic records showed that Head Sulemanki also served as a suitable habitat for Marsh
crocodile (Crocodylus palustris), and Indus Blind Dolphin (Platanista gangetica minor) before
the construction of water barriers/headworks.
Important bird species that visit the waters of head Sulemanki include various species of
ducks (Mallard, Gadwall, Teal, Pochard, and Coot). Approximately 85 species of birds have
been recorded so far from this headwork. White-headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala) were
reported in 1922 at head Sulemanki. There exist suitable habitats for raptors (marsh harrier,
black shouldered-kite). In 2003, Oriental white-back vulture (Gyps benegalensis), was
recorded in head Sulemanki.
The primary data collection and stakeholder consultation with wildlife department and local
community conducted under this study do not confirm the presence of hog deer and ottar at
Sulemanki Barrage. Turtle trade has been controlled by the Wildlife Department by regular
monitoring of their traned staff. No sign of pouching of turtles was observed during technical
survey conducted by the ecologist. Also since the IWT almost all the Sutlej River water is
diverted by India and the river stay bone dray most of the part of the year i.e. about 10
months of the year. The barrages on Sutlej River in Pakistan region are mainly feeded by
diverting water from western rivers with link canals.
4.4
4.4.1
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
General
A survey was carried out to appraise prevailing socio-economic conditions of the related
community in the project areas and to assess the impacts of envisaged rehabilitation and upgradation of Sulemanki Barrage on local settlements to cover all the possible options of work
scheme. To achieve the project objectives, it is imperative to study the prevailing socioeconomic and socio cultural aspects of their livelihood. For this purpose a socioeconomic
survey was conducted to assess the socio-economic condition of the people. The study was
completed by December 2009.
4.4.2
Study Area
Sulemanki Barrage is located in Tehsil Depalpur, District Okara. Okara derived its name
from a tree known as OKAAN which was standing on the embankment of a water tank,
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being maintained by a person known asRANA. The Okara district is composed of three
Sub Divisions/Tehsils Okara, Renala Khurd and Depalpur. The Okara district is bounded by
district Faisalabad and Sheikhupura on the north-west where river Ravi forms the natural
boundary for the whole length of Okara district which is about 40 kilometers.
Okara has a wide variety of culture reflecting the traditions and customs of the area. Fairs,
Festivals and Sports Melas (Public congregations) held here. People from different places
visit these fairs. Temporarily shops put up for visitors shopping. Items of entertainment which
attract the people are tent pegging, horse races, donkey race, fight between hounds with a
bear, dog race, cock fighting, wrestling bouts, kabaddi, circus, Theatre, touring cinemas,
volley ball and foot ball matches etc. Folk singers thrill the crowds. All these items are the
sources of enjoyment for all age groups.
Depalpur has a great historic past and is a very ancient town. The fortified town of Depalpur
is built on an old Kashan site (40 A.D. to 172 A.D.). Depalpur fell on the way to Dehli and, as
such, was considered to be a place where an invader could be engaged. Depalpur,
therefore, was one of the 3 lines of defence: the other 2 being Uch Sharif/Multan and
Samana/Sunam and Hansi. (Aaeen-e-Akbari. Vol 1 Part II, Page 1042, by Abul Fazal). Main
castes of the area are Kharrals, Sials, Wattos, Mohars etc. Total area is 2502 sq. Kms.
4.4.3
Data Source/Methodology
Findings/conclusion of the present socio-economic study of the Project Area based on
sample survey, discussion and meetings with the stakeholders and published data.
4.4.3.1 Secondary Data
Secondary data was collected from various sources as given below:
District Population Census Report, 1998
Provincial Population Census Report of Punjab 1998
Pakistan 2003 Mouza Statistics (Settled Areas)
4.4.3.2 Primary Data
It was difficult to interview every household from the Project Area as the time and cost
involved in such data collection and analysis was enormous. Thus for the selection of
respondents simple random sampling technique was adopted. According to ADB guidelines,
20 percent of the total households residing in the vicinity of Sulemanki Barrage was
calculated to determine the sample.
The sample size was 66 households. Another very important section of the society i.e.
gender analysis was also covered in the study. The numerical reality that women constitute
about half of the total population of Pakistan ideally assigns to them equal participation role
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in the economic life of the country. Therefore 46 female respondents were interviewed by
female Sociologist.
Total 112 questionnaires were filled at different locations in the study area. Among the
respondents 66 were males for household survey and 46 were females for gender survey.
The respondents were from all walks of life having different professional backgrounds.
4.4.3.3. Questionnaire Design
Following Questionnaires were designed and administered for the study:
Questionnaire for Village Profile
Questionnaire for Households
Questionnaire for Gender Analysis
All the questionnaires were pre-tested in the field and required modifications were made
before the initiation of actual survey.
A survey team consisting of three experienced Sociologists was constituted (two males &
one female). Briefing sessions were held for the survey team members to explain the
objectives of the study. Questionnaires were also discussed in detail in the briefing session.
4.4.4
Culture
Concept of culture can provide ways of explaining and understanding human behavior, belief
systems, values and ideologies, as well as particular culturally specific personality types.
Culture is the full range of learned human behavior patterns. Culture is a powerful human
tool for survival, but it is a fragile phenomenon. It is constantly changing and easily lost
because it exists only in our minds (Edward B Tyler 1832-1917).
4.4.4.1 Settlement Structure
The information regarding settlements is given in Table 4.9 There are two major types of
settlements in rural study area.
Farm Village
It is the type where farmers are assembled in a village in the center of the farmland of the
mouza/village. They cultivate outlying fields. Table 4.9 reveals that 36 percent, 45 percent
and 55 percent villages have one settlement in Tehsil Depalpur, District Okara and Punjab
province respectively.
Nebulous Farm
This is the type where some of the farmers live in a village and till the surrounding fields,
while other are scattered beyond the village to live on the isolated farms. Data presented in
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table 4.1 shows that 63 percent, 53 percent and 42 percent villages comprises more than
one settlements in Tehsil Depalpur, District Okara and Punjab province respectively. About 1
percent, 2 percent and 3 percent mouzas / villages are unpopulated in Tehsil Depalpur
District Okara and Punjab province respectively.
Table 4.9:
Area
Depalpur
Tehsil
Okara
District
Punjab
Province
Settlement Structure
Number of Settlements
Total
Rural
Mouza
s
One
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
Nos.
545
191
36
171
31
126
23
36
922
410
45
257
28
165
18
57
12
21
55
5595
22
15
1041
181
783
25394
2-3
1387
9
4-5
391
5
6-9
Rural
10
&
Unpopulat
Above
ed Villages
Nos
Nos
%
%
.
.
4.4.4..2
Religion
Religion is instinctive to man. It is inseparable from human society. Man is only a religious
being. Religion affects human behavior deeply. Religion helps to knit the social values of a
society into cohesive whole. It is the ultimate source of social cohesion. The primary
requirement of society is the common possession of social values by which individuals
control the actions of self and others and through which society is perpetuated. These social
values emanate from religious faith. Religion is the foundation upon which these values rest.
It is religion that asks man to renounce unsocial activities and requires him to accept
limitations upon his wants and desires. All the religions have preached love and nonviolence. They have emphasized sacrifice and forbearance. Table 4.10 shows percentage
distribution of the total population of the study area is 100percent Muslim. They constitute 98
percent in District Okara and 97.70 percent in Punjab Province. Percentage of Christian
population is 1.80 percent in District Okara and 1.90 percent in Punjab Province.
Table 4.10:
Area
Muslim
Christian
Hindu
Religion
Qadiani/Ahmadi
(Percent)
Schedule
Caste
Others
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Area
Okara
District
Punjab
Province
IEE Report
100.0
--
--
--
--
--
98.1
1.8
0.1
97.7
1.9
0.1
0.2
0.1
4.4.4.3 Language
Punjabi language is spoken by 95.7 percent in Okara District. Punjabi is very important
language which is very common in study area. About 3.5 percent individuals are speaking
urdu in Okara District and 4.5 percent in Punjab province as given in Table 4.11.
Table 4.11:
Area
Study
Area
Okara
District
Punjab
Province
Urdu
Punjabi
Sindhi
Languages
Balochi
Pushto
Siraiki
(Percent)
Others
--
100.0
--
--
--
--
--
2.8
96.7
0.2
0.1
0.2
2.0
73.6
0.2
0.9
0.9
21.4
1.0
4.4.4.4 Baradri
The baradri (brotherhood) is an important aspect of the rural society. Various branches of
baradri may not be living in the same locality. Mostly baradries form on the basis of blood
relation, caste and occupation. Baradri plays an important role in the farm events e.g. birth,
death, marriage etc. in the study area. If a ceremony is done properly it adds prestige to the
baradri and enhances the beauty of the occasion. People of the same baradri usually have
sympathetic feelings for each other. Vartan Bhaji, a custom in which they exchange gifts on
special occasions, is a very common affair of the baradri in the study area. Baradri is a sign
of solidarity and unity. It is the evidence of an integrated and pleasant social order
relationship.
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4.4.5
Demographic Characteristics
The demographic characteristics of study area comprising Depalpur Tehsil and comparison
with the statistics of Okara District and Punjab Province are shown in Table 4.12. According
to the 1998 census the population of the Depalpur Tehsil 1.03 million inhabitants. The
annual population growth rate of Depalpur Tehsil Okara district and Punjab province is
estimated as 2.58, 2.42 and 2.64 percent respectively on the basis of intercensal period of
1981-1998. Population is projected by using annual population growth rate of 1981-1998 for
Depalpur Tehsil, Okara District and Punjab Province as given in Table 4.12.
The table indicates that current population is 1.37 million in Depalpur Tehsil. The population
density based on the projected figure for 2009 is calculated as 547 persons per sq.km in
Depalpur Tehsil whereas 666 and 479 persons per sq. km in Okara district and Punjab
province respectively. The population density Depalpur Tehsil and in Okara District is higher
as compared to Punjab Province.
Household size may also effects the economic situation of the household. Bigger household
size may mean more hands to do farm work or non farm work. It can also mean more
mouths to feed. Table No. 4.12 reveals that the average household size 6.8, 6.2, 6.5 and 6.9
in study area, Depalpur Tehsil, Okara District, and Punjab province respectively is almost the
similar. The relative proportion of two sexes in the total population is an important
demographic feature. Sex composition profoundly affects the social and economic behavior
of population. It gives the proportion of males to females and is commonly expressed as the
number of males per 100 females. The male female ratio in the study area (107:100) is
higher as compared to the ratio in Depalpur Tehsil and Okara District.
The dependency ratio of any area have negative effect on socio-economic aspects of life i.e.
especially on per capita income and ultimately on the standard of living. Table 4.12 indicates
that the dependency ratio (63 percent) in the study area is lower as compared rural
population of Depalpur, Okara District and Punjab province.
Table 4.12:
Area
Area
Annual
Demographic Characteristics
Population
Populati
House
Sex
Rural
Depende
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(Sq.
Growth
Kms)
Rate
1998
2009
(1998)
Depalpur
Tehsil
Okara
District
Punjab
2.58
4377
2.42
20534
Province
Project
2.64
--
Area
Source:
2502
i)
ii)
on
-hold
Ratio
Propor
ncy Ratio
Density
Size
(1998)
tion
(2009)
(2009)
103083
136912
223299
291404
736212
984288
90
79
--
--
--
(2009)
547
6.2
108.5
79.7
91.0
666
6.5
109.6
77.0
90.0
479
6.9
107.0
69.0
87.0
--
6.8
107.0
100
63.0
4.4.6
Age Distribution of Respondents
Age is another important demographic characteristic which has a bearing on the
employment and mobility. A study of distribution of heads of households by age will throw
some light on the type of strategies which may be helpful in raising their income and
employment. The data about age of household head (respondent) in study area as
presented in Table 4.13. Indicates that relatively more sample respondents fall in age group
of 45-54 years. The average age of sample respondents in Study area is 50 years.
Table.4.13:
(Percent)
Overall
Farm
Household
4
4
22
33
04
08
20
29
55-64
23
27
24
65 & above
14
20
15
Upto 24
25-34
35-44
45-54
Source:
Sample Survey
4.4.7
Caste / Baradries
The word caste comes from the Portuguese casta, meaning lineage. The male respondents
belong to different castes. Majority of the sample households (44 percent) belong to Mohar,
30 percent Watoo, 9 percent Kharal, 8 percent Rajpoot family whereas 9percent belong to
other castes like Arain, Dhool, Bhandara etc. as detailed in Table 4.14.
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Table 4.14.
Sr. No
Caste/Baradri
Nos.
Percent
Mohar
29
44
Wattoo
20
30
Kharal
Rajpoot
Arain
1.5
Dhool
1.5
Bhandara
1.5
Phulerwan
1.5
Kalia
1.5
10
Kumhar
1.5
66
100
Total
Source:
Sample Survey
4.4.8
Disputes and their Resolution
About 23 percent of the households informed that they had disputes with other i.e. land, live
stock, fodder stealing, house, water turn, women and children related and resolved through
Biratheries, Religious Leader, MPAs and at Police Station. While 77percent respondents
revealed that they dont have any disputes with others.
4.4.9
Education
A study of educational status not only provides guidelines to policy makers but also help in
understanding the demographic behavior of the population (Malik 1967). The literacy level is
one of the factors which determine the quality of the human resources. The low percentage
of literacy gives the indication of cultural barriers to the spread or innovations and scientific
methods. The data given in Table 4.15 indicates that the proportions of literate sample
respondents are 47percent in study area. Furthermore literacy rate in the large B farmers (73
percent) is more as compared with all categories of farm size. The literacy level of
respondents of medium, large A and large B farm size is 49 percent, 52 percent and 73
percent respectively, whereas literacy level of non-farm household respondents is
39percent. Data reveals that an increase in size of holding was found to have positive
impact on the literacy rate.The number of education institutions reflect the status of literacy
and education level in particular area. There are 5 Primary School for boys, 4 Primary
School for girls 2 Middle School for boys and 1 Middle School for girls at villages Nahal
Mahar, Dullayke Mahar, Qasimke Mahar and Basirpur Town. There is also one High School
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for boys and one High School for girls in the study area at the distance of 7 km to 23 Kms.
There are 2 Degree Colleges one for boys and one for girls in Basirpur at the distance of
7Kms.
Table 4.15:
Literacy
Small
Small B
Medium
Large A
Large B
Non
Less than
5 to Less
12.5 to
25 to
50 Acres
Farm
than 12.5
Less than
Less
& Above
Househo
Acres
Acres
25 Acres
than 50
Total
lds
Acres
Literate
25
33
49
52
73
39
47
Illiterate
75
67
51
48
27
61
53
Total
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Source:
Sample Survey
4.4.10 Occupation
It is useful to have information about occupational distribution of members of the sample
households. Such information will facilitate better planning and execution of the project. The
rural community in the study area consists of two groups. Farmers and those who are
landless / non farm households. Farmers, who own or lease / encroach land, derive their
living by cultivating the farm land. This community may also supplement the farms income by
raising animals and off farm work. The members of non farm community generally do
agriculture labour, business, services, operating small shops, daily wage work, milk
processing and sales and other services to earn the income to fulfill their living necessities.
They conduct such business in their own village and nearby villages and in urban areas.
About 77 percent and 23 percent of the sample head of households of the area are engaged
in agriculture and non farm activities respectively (Table- 4.16)
Table 4.16:
Occupation
(Percent)
Occupation
Major
Minor I
Minor II
Agriculture
77
--
Labour
15
25
67
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Business
--
Milk Selling
--
39
--
Service
21
33
Fish Farm
--
--
Black Smith
--
--
--
--
--
--
100
100
100
Grind
(Chakki)
Mechine
Imam Masjid
Total
Source:
Sample Survey
4.4.11 Habitation
Housing facilities of the households reflect their financial position and living standard.
Habitation is identified as a space occupied for develling purposes and is further classified
according to the type of structure into three categories i.e. pucca, kacha and wood. Pucca
houses are constructed with baked bricks/ blocks / stones with cement and concrete
bounded. Kacha houses are made of unbaked bricks / earth bounded whereas wood houses
are made of wood / bamboos. As shown in Table 4.17 the average numbers of rooms per
household are 1.9 and 2.3 in the Okara District and Punjab Province area respectively. The
numbers of rooms in both cases are not sufficient.
Table 4.17:
Habitation
(Percent)
Wall Material
Okara District
Punjab Province
Overall
Rural
Overall
Rural
51.3
43.7
68.0
58.4
46.9
54.4
30.4
39.7
Wood / Bamboo
0.8
0.8
0.7
0.8
Other
1.0
1.1
0.9
1.1
1.9
--
2.3
--
Persons / Rooms
3.4
--
3.0
--
Source:
i)
ii)
4.4.12 Health
The population settle on river training embankments have no proper access to health
facilities in the area and have to travel Nehal Mohar, Basirpur and Haveli Lakha for their
treatment at the distance of 1Km, 7 kms and 23 kms respectively. All population takes
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treatment from Doctors. Health condition of the people generally very poor due to commonly
prevalent health issues i.e. male nutrition, due to high rate of child birth, typhoid, cholera,
malaria, and skin diseases etc.
4.4.13 Drinking Water Facilities
The main cause of most of the communicable and abdominal disease is non availability of
clean drinking water. Bradley (1976) has dwelt on a number of tropical diseases relating to
water supply. About 20-30 different diseases may be caused by water supply for example,
viral, bacterial, protozal and helminthic diseases. According to him these diseases may be
water borne (infectious) water- bases (due to lack of water) and water related (from insects
in water).
From the above, it can be concluded that suitable safe drinking water is important factor
promoting human health and productivity.
During survey it was found that all families had installed hand pumps and electric motors
inside and outside their houses. The proportion of hand pumps for drinking water in the rural
areas of district Okara and Punjab Province households is estimated as 76 percent and 78
percent respectively which is also quite high as compared to other sources (Pipe, Well,
Pond, etc) of drinking water (Table 4.18)
Table 4.18:
Sources
Okara District
Punjab Province
All Areas
Rural
All Areas
Rural
INSIDE
87.8
85.7
86.7
83.4
Pipe (Nul)
14.6
10.0
24.3
11.0
Hand Pump
72.8
75.2
60.4
70.6
Well
0.4
0.5
2.0
1.8
OUTSIDE
12.2
14.3
13.3
16.6
Pipe (Nul)
1.5
1.5
2.2
1.7
Hand Pump
7.2
0.6
5.3
7.1
Well
0.7
0.9
2.2
3.1
Pond
0.2
0.2
1.1
1.5
Others
2.6
3.1
2.5
3.2
Source:
i)
iii)
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Source of Light
(Percent)
Sources
Okara District
Punjab Province
All Areas
Rural
All Areas
Rural
Electricity
69.4
64.5
72.5
63.3
Kerosine Oil
29.2
34.2
26.6
35.8
Others
1.4
1.3
0.9
0.9
Source:
i)
iv)
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cause of livestock loss, which supplements their income. The implementation of the project
will play important role to save human lives and economic resources of the area.
4.4.16.1
i)
Marital Setup
The survey results indicate that 94 percent women get married within their families. The
custom of inter family marriages is very common in the project area. Such marriages are as
not only a link between man and a woman but it also play role to unite their parents families.
ii)
Women age at marriage also contributes a lot in terms of their health (particularly
reproductive), education and in the role of development. It is common trend in the study area
to marry the daughters at early age especially when they grow up/ reach at working age.
Survey results show that overall 46 percent of the women married at the age group of 14 to
19 years, 33percent at the age group of 20 to 22 years, 15 percent at the age group of 23 to
25 years and only 7percent at the age group of 26 years and above but not more than 30
years.
iii) Women Role in Decision Making
It is observed in the field that women have a insignificant role in decision making. Women
are actively participated in farm and non-farm activities but have little contribution in making
decision in these areas. .About 59 percent women reported their participation in decision
making regarding domestic affairs. However, their participation in respect of property matters
or in business affairs is about only 22 percent.
4.4.16.2
Position of Women
Women role in development is not a simple one; it relates to a complete range of socio
economic activities. Involuntary dislocation may disturb their livelihood. According to the field
information it is found that female participation for the betterment of family is more as
compared to male. In economic side women participate in agriculture activities. They also
work as casual hired labor. The field data indicates that 46 percent, 71 percent and 100
percent women participate in agriculture, livestock and domestic activities respectively.
Women Participation in Household Tasks
Women also play vital role in maintaining domestic function such as cooking, cleaning the
house, washing the clothes & pots and looking after the family. Data indicates that almost
100% women involved in cooking, cleaning pots and in family caring activities.
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There are some local depressions in the area which may need to be raised with
borrowing material.
The proposed sites are well away (>500m) from the build up area. The sites are
approximately 2.5km away from the barrage.
No houses are located at the close vicinity at downstream of the wind flow of the
area.
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Plate 4.4: Right Divide Wall and Fish Ladder Upstream of Barrage
Plate 4.5: Left Divide Wall and Fish Ladder Upstream at Barrage
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Plate 4.8 :
Plate 4.9 :
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CHAPTER 5:
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The analysis of alternatives for the project is a vital part of the EIA process as it gives the
opportunity to review and assess different ways of meeting the project objectives so that the
environmental impact of the project is minimal. The following options/alternatives were
analyzed for strengths and weaknesses of the proposed project:
No Project Option
Option 1: Provision of fuseplug weir and flood bypass channel.
Option 2: Rehabilitation of existing barrage
5.1
Analysis:
Strength and Opportunities
There will be no adverse social impacts as no land will be required from private/illegal
settlers and for immigrating new settlers.
The recurring cost of the Project will be avoided.
The irrigation systems downstream of the canals command area (CCA) of Pakpattan
Canal, Sadiqia Canal and Fordwah Canal shall not be interrupted due to project
activities.
Loss of the agriculture land which may be required for the borrowing area and
contractors facilities (labour camp, batching plants, plant depot etc), will be avoided.
The efforts and investments will be saved and will be allocated to another project in
case this project is not taken up at all.
Weakness and Threats
The no project alternative is undesirable as it would mean continued economic,
social and environmental losses.
There will be loss of property and agricultural land in the event of a flood.
The local population shall be denied employment and training during project
construction phase and later through escalated economic activities.
About 100 to 150 cusecs of water will leak through the gates and less water will be
available for the canals off take from the barrage. This will adversely impact crop
intensity in canal command areas.
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Gates repair works will rectify leakage losses through the damage gates an d
more water will be available for irrigation purpose in the canals.
Provision of road bridge maintain the link of the barrage with other town through
road network.
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CONCLUSION
No project option is rejected because the feasibility study conducted in 2005 concludes that
the Sulemanki Barrage is an unsafe structure. The structural failure of the barrage could
cause the colossal losses in the form of human life, wildlife, land, property and irrigation set
up.
Option 1 has been rejected on the basis of higher adverse environmental and social impacts
including inundation of agricultural land and resettlement of the people and business units
(shops) situated at the western end of the barrage. Also the option technically ruled out.
Option 2 considered to be the best option in respect of environmental & social aspects.
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CHAPTER 6:
IEE Report
This chapter discusses the potential impacts of barrage rehabilitation works which have
been identified through the use of standard checklists, and expert knowledge and
experience. The impacts identified for the selected option of work scheme were assessed for
their significance keeping in mind their consequences, reversibility, occurrence, duration,
location, timing etc. The evaluation of the environmental & social impacts has been
summarized in Table-6.1.
6.1
Environmental impacts and social impacts attributed to the Project can be broadly classified
into three main groups
Impacts during design phase
Impacts during construction phase
Impacts during operational/post construction phase
Some of the impacts can be anticipated and avoided at design stage with appropriate
adjustment in the Project Design some can be mitigated by good implementation technique
and others by following the operational manual.
6.2
The following impacts are anticipated in case of the implementation of the Project
The project will not have any significant adverse impact on the existing residential
area other than as a result of increase in noise and dust levels and movement of the
additional machinery and traffic.
There will be no major loss or damage to livelihood. The temporary employment to
the local communities will be given. This will be a significant positive impact.
There is no historical monument or archeologically sensitive site hence no apparent
impact on such sensitive sites is expected.
There will be no permanent and significant adverse impacts on the aquatic ecology
of the river and wildlife habitat of the area as seasonal flow regime of the river will
remain unchanged. To facilitate the works on the barrage the cofferdams will be
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built. The environmental impact of cofferdams will be localized and short term
(during operation), which can be mitigated with good engineering practice.
Potential adverse environmental impacts of selected work schemes on the physical,
biological and socio-economic environment during design, construction and operational
phases have been identified. Measures to mitigate these impacts and their residual impact
are discussed below.
(i)
Physical Environment
Land Resources
Hydrology and Water Resources
Air Quality
Noise level
(ii)
Biological Environment
Flora
Fauna
Fish
Endangered species
(iii)
(iv)
Socio-economic
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Impact
Category
Impact Assessment
Slight
*
**
Moderate
***
**
Significant
***
1*
2** 3***
1. Design Phase
1.1
Damage from
Retrogression
1.2
Obstruction to fish
migration in the river
Obstruction to gate
Operations and leakage
from the damaged gates
2. Construction Phase
1.3
Physical
Environment
2.1
Land
2.2
Resources
2.3
Impacts of location of
Labour Camp, Batching
Plant and equipment &
material yard
Impacts of Waste
Disposal site
Impacts of Borrowing Site
Transportation
Impacts of oil, chemical
2.6
*
**
***
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Category
Impact Assessment
Slight
1*
Moderate
2**
3***
1*
2**
Significant
3***
1*
2**
3***
2. Construction Phase
Physical
Environme
nt
2.8
Hydrology 2.9
and Water
Resources
2.10
2.11
Air Quality
*
**
***
2.12
2.13
Impact
of
Source
Construction Water
2.14
2.15
2.16
2.17
2.18
Damage to Biological
Resources
2.19
Disturbance to Wildlife
Noise
Biological
Environm
ent
of
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Category
Impact Assessment
Slight
*
**
Moderate
***
**
Significant
***
1*
2** 3***
2. Construction Phase
Socio
Economic
2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23
2.24
***
Impacts of finding
Archaeological site, Graveyard
etc
Impact on Public Health &
Safety due to Construction
activities
2.25
Impact on Employment
2.26
3. Post Construction
Monitoring
Impacts due to non -application
3.1
and
of the prescribed O&M plan
Evaluation
as
per
Operational
Continuous evaluation of design
Manual
3.2
efficiency
and
Monitoring
Plan
*
**
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6.3
6.3.1
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6.3.2
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Mitigations Measures:
The contractor will, in consultation with residence engineer, resolve the exact location
of all these facilities.
PID will arrange the land for the contractor camp and batching plant as indicated on
Figures 3.1 and 1.3. If the contractor prefers anyother location then the contractor
will be responsible for the additional payment to the land owner(s), responsible for
the developing the social & environmental baseline condition and agreed the new
proposed location with consultants environmentalist and PMO.
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& equipment.
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Undertake regular spraying of water on traffic routes and places prone to cause dust
pollution.
Lorries should cover with the cloth or fine net to minimize the dust pollution and
accidental drop of stones.
6.4.1.7 Impacts of Finding Graveyard and Burials
No graveyard is identified within the direct area of influence of the project activities. However
if unrecorded graveyards and/or burials are found during the courses of construction
activities, the supervising agency will contact and work with local religious authorities within
the immediate project area to allow for possible identification of the remains and where
appropriate, properly undertake relocation and burial.
6.4.1.8 Contamination from Oil & Diesel and Other Spill from Construction Machinery
The dumping site for waste material or empty containers can damage the land with
associated physical, biological and social losses. The impacts can be mitigated through
effective application of the maximum spill regulations, general criteria for oil and breakage at
construction sites, as per standards set forth by Oil Spill Contingency Plan of PKP
Exploration Ltd, Guidelines for Oil Spill Waste Minimization and Management issued by
International Petroleum Industry, Environmental Conservation Association and with
mitigation measures described below.
(i)
Minor Spills
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Moderate Spills
Moderate spills are defined as spills of volume less than or equal to 200 liters. These are to
be contained and controlled using shovels, sands, absorbing mat and native soil. These
equipments and materials are to be made available at camp sites during the operation (Spill
Kit). The contaminated soil will be excavated and sent to the treatment site such as
bioremediation or solidification/stabilization (S/S). The excavated area will be lined with an
impermeable base before being filled with clean soil.
(iii)
Major Spills
Major spills are defined as spills of volume much greater than 200 liters. This would require
indication of Emergency Response Procedure and Oil Spill Contingency Plan to be prepared
by the Contractor in consultation with the Engineer. These spills are to be handled and
controlled by a specialize contractor to clean the site.
Mitigation Measures:
All the oil based material should be stored in the designated bounded area.
The Spill Kit should be available on site to handle small spills on site.
Good house keeping will minimize accidental spills.
All loading and unloading of material should be supervised and carried out with
appropriate plant.
Empty drums of the fuel should be handled with care as some material may be left
over in the drums or container.
All the liquid material or fuel should be stored well away from any control water body
i.e. river, canal, wetland etc.
(b) Hydrology and Water Resources
6.4.1.9 Water Supply System & Wastewater Treatment Impacts
Adverse Environmental Impact:
Pumping groundwater from the major aquifer for water supply for the labor camp shall
neither cause any significant change in the groundwater reservoir, nor in the river or canals,
which in fact recharge the reservoir. There will be no any residual adverse impact on
groundwater. The impact can be considered as slight and mitigable. The contractor should
tap the underground reservoir and install hand pumps or tube wells with an overhead water
tank to supply drinking water to the labours and workers at appropriate pressure.
Groundwater test results indicate the shallow groundwater quality is not fit for human
consumption because of elevated concentration of E-Coli, as shown in table 4.6.
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underground septic tank will not cause any odor except during the occasional
cleaning of the chambers.
6.4.1.10 Contamination of Surface Water Due to Construction/Dismantling of
Cofferdam
Adverse Environmental Impact:
During the construction and subsequent removal of coffer dams, the soil material can
contaminate river water and affect aquatic life, particularly downstream fisheries.
Mitigation Measures:
The material used for the construction of cofferdam should not contaminate river
water in terms of suspended solids, pH, oil etc. The contractor will use good
engineering practices to minimize contamination of river water.
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All the activities that require canal closure will only be undertaken during the annual
routine closure of the canals.
If the extended canal closure is required then alternate water supply should be
arranged in affected canal command area.
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Groundwater could be used as a source of water supply for the contractors camp and the
batching Plant. The contractor should tap the underground reservoir and install hand pumps
or tubewells with overhead tanks to supply drinking water to the labour camp, and to the
batching plant for concrete preparation. Withdrawing water from the aquifer shall not cause
any significant change in the storage of the aquifer nor the river and canals, which eventually
recharge it. The impact can be considered as slight and mitigable.
Mitigation Measures:
The contractor is obligated under the contract to pay for water obtained from private
sources.
The contractor is obligated under the contract to supply running tap water, flush
latrines and stabilization ponds or underground septic tanks for the disposal of
wastewater through the sewerage system.
All the wastewater generated from vehicle washing and site set ups e.g. batching
plant, plant & equipment yard etc should be tested to meet the NEQS standards for
effluents before being disposed off.
(c) Air Quality
6.4.1.14 Dust, Smoke and other Pollutants from Plant & Equipment
Adverse Environmental Impact:
From previous work experience (rehabilitation of Taunsa Barrage etc) it has been observed
that the emission or dust from the batching plant can be very harmful for the site workers
and the local population. The emission/dust could cause skin and respiratory disease e.g.
skin rashes, lungs problem etc. The possible suitable location has been proposed for the
Batching Plant. Contractor should select the suitable location provided the following control
measures are in place:
Mitigation Measures:
Air quality should be monitored on regular basis near the plant.
The plant should be located at least 500m away from any living area, as one of the
suggested site on Figure 1.3.
The plant should not be operated outside working hours.
Regular spraying of water should be carried out to minimize dust pollution.
All vehicles, machinery, equipment and generators used during construction activities
will be kept in good working conditions to minimize exhaust emissions.
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Proper PPE should be issued to the site workers and measures should be adopted to
ensure that the workers will wear the PPE properly when working on site.
If contractor select any other site than the site suggested on figure 1.3 than the site
has to be agreed with the consultants environmentalist and PMO. The following
additional control measures may need to be implemented for different location
The plant has to be a Zero Emission Plant. This will include using washed
aggregated and enclosed cylose with automatic injection system of the material in
to the mixing chamber. Recently a zero emission plant has been established and
is working successfully at Jinnah Barrage, and could be visited for getting details
before installation.
The plant area should be constructed and maintained on an impermeable layer to
prevent contamination of river water from surface run off.
The access roads for the delivery Lorries pass through the living area. These
roads/paths should be sprayed with water on regular basis to minimize dust
pollution.
Residual Impacts:
Deterioration of air quality.
Although the recommended plant consists of an enclosed cylose, the plant activities
will generate some dust especially in consistently dry weather.
6.4.1.15 Smoke from Burning of Waste Material or Burning Firewood
Adverse Environmental Impacts
A large number of big and small fires in the labor camp can produce smoke and smog which
can cut off visibility, reduce traffic ability and cause suffocation along with causing diseases
of the respiratory tract.
Mitigation Measures:
It is the contractors contractual obligation to use and provide clean and smoke free
fuel in the labor camp.
Cutting and burning trees or shrubs for fuel shall be prohibited.
Gas Cylinders should be used in the labor camp for cooking purposes.
6.4.1.16 Impact on Air Quality of Earth Work Activities
Adverse Environmental Impacts
Excavating activities will generate dust and pollute the surrounding area. Emissions from the
plants used in earth work activities will also degrade the air quality of the site.
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Mitigation Measures
Regular spraying of water should be undertaken to minimize the dust pollution.
All vehicles, machinery, equipment and generators used during construction activities
will be kept in good working condition to minimize the exhaust emissions.
(d) Noise
6.4.1.17 Noise Pollution from Construction Activities
Adverse Environmental Impact:
Construction activities could generate noise and air pollution and disturb the natural habitat.
Mitigation Measures:
Suitable equipment and plant should be used in execution of the work to minimize
noise pollution.
The noise level should be monitored on a regular basis and levels should be
maintained within the NEQS level. At the start of the work activities noise levels
should be monitored on hourly basis for at-least the first 2 days of work, after which
the monitoring interval could increase to daily basis.
If required, the work area should be cordoned off with noise absorbing panels to
segregate the work area from the barrage pond area.
The contractor will regularly spray water on the site traffic routes to minimize the dust
pollution.
All vehicles, machinery, equipment and generators used during construction activities
will be kept in good working conditions and will be properly tuned and maintained in
order to minimize noise pollution, exhaust emission and minimum land disturbance.
It is the contractors obligation to stop unnecessary traffic and workers from entering
into the barrage pond area.
All working activities should be restricted within the allowed working hours.
The maximum speed limit of 20km/h should be enforced for vehicles using the
embankments and access road.
The Traffic Management Plan shall be prepared and get approved from the
authorities and implemented during construction phase by the contractor.
6.4.2
Biological Environment
The anticipated biological impacts can be on the following:
Damage to Flora
Damage to Fauna
Damage to Endangered Species
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Damage to Fish
6.4.2.1 Damage to Biological Resources and Disturbance of Wildlife
Adverse Environmental Impacts
Barrage pond raea provides habitat of waterfowl and hundreds of birds visited the area
during winter. WWF survey conducted in 2007 revealed that the habitat of sensitive wetland
related species including hog deer and ottar are found in the area. However the presences
of these species are not confirmed in the survey and stakeholder consultation conducted by
the environment team of this project.
Due to the excedding demand of Freashwater turtles in South East Asia the illegal pourching
and trade of softshell turtles are triggered in Pakistan. Wildlife Department has been noticed
this issue and putting their all efforts to stop this.
About 10 acres of land may require for Labor Camp & Batching Plant. The labor camp and
batching plant location should be carefully selected to avoid disturbance of wetland and
minimize tree cutting. There is a risk of the disturbance of wildlife due to the noise and dust
generated from the movement of site traffic and work activities.
Mitigation Measures
Project activities restricted to the barrage only and well away from the
environmentally sensitive area identified along the LMB and Pak-India boundary line.
The suggested sites for Contractor facilities (indicated on fig. 1.2 & 1.3) are well away
from the environmentally sensitive area and barrage pond area.
Carefully select area for labor camp and batching plant so that minimum or no tree
cutting is required for these activities. The proposed sites for labour camp and
batching plant will not require any tree cutting.
The outside boundary of the camp should be fenced or walled to keep camp activities
inside the camp area only.
It is the contractors obligation to ensure that unnecessary and out of bound
activities/movements are not done outside the area allotted to him for setting-up the
labor camp, material depots and machinery yard.
No fire arms should be carried by any of the site workers to stop illegal hunting.
All the project parties should ensure the implantation of EMP to stop illegal hunting
and pouching of wildlife particularly softshell turtles and water fowl.
All forest, wildlife and fisheries laws should be fully respected and abided by the
contractor and his work force.
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Limits and norms of wildlife, forestry and fishery should be fully respected and
implemented.
Necessary sign boards should be displayed to remind the obligation of labour,
visitors and members of public towards Biota.
Inspections by wildlife, forest and fisheries officers are facilitated in camps to facilitate
the proper implementation of relevant laws.
24 hours security should be provided by the contractor at the Labor Camp and
Batching Plant.
Every tree cut on site for the execution of work should be replaced with the plantation
of minimum of 5 new trees.
All vehicles, machinery, equipment and generators used during construction activities
will be kept in good working condition and be properly tuned to minimize the noise
pollution and adversely impacting the habitat of waterfowl.
Communities are given awareness and are involved in the proper protection of the
Biota inside and around the project area.
No unauthorized tree or bush cutting will be allowed. Should it be necessary, it must
not be done without the permission of the The Engineer and must follow the change
management process.
If possible, the nests of birds on trees that need to be uprooted should be shifted to
other nearby trees.
Minimize the reptiles or small animals killing due to project traffic movements If
necessary provide barricading fence to stop animal crossing of the diverted or access
roads.
If borrow material require then it shall not be generated from the wetland. The borrow
area shall be identified and agreed with the environmentalist of supervision
consultant and PMO.
If the turtles or other small animals trapped in the cofferdam then all the trapped
animals shall be safely collected and moved outside the cofferdam.
Residual Impacts
Nests of some of the birds shall be destroyed if the trees and bushes are cleared.
6.4.3
Socio-Economic Impacts
The overall impacts of the Project on the social and economic activities in the project area
will be positive. The adverse environmental impacts and their mitigation measures are
discussed as follow:
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occurrence in such a situation cannot be precluded. It is necessary that along with other
communicable diseases like Cholera, Typhoid and Tuberculosis, awareness and preventive
campaigns are run from time to time in the Labor campus and the field offices of the Project
on Communicable diseases.
Mitigating Measures:
The Contractor shall:
Arrange to run a proper campaign, in the labour camp, to make people aware of the
cause, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.
Strengthen the existing local health & medical services for the benefit of the
labourers as well as the surrounding villages.
Ensure proper cleanliness and hygienic conditions at labour camp by ensuring a
clean mess, proper drainage and suitable disposal of solid waste. Inoculation against
Cholera will be arranged at intervals recommended by Health Department.
Keep all the camps, offices, material depots, machinery yards and work site open for
the inspection of health and safety measures, and related documents.
6.4.3.4 Existing Services & Employment (Positive Social Impacts)
The economic analysis shows high economic benefits compared to costs. Salient economic
benefits of the project are:
Improvement of available services in the area and opportunities for employment,
transportation.
Easy marketing of agricultural products.
Availability of jobs during construction phase shall employ and train a large number
of unemployed youth. They will receive a life time of benefits through skill training,
capacity building and poverty alleviation. A large number of semi-skilled and unskilled
workers in the project area will be hired.
Greater awareness about Healthcare including HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis amongst the
labourers and the local community shall be created.
At micro level, economic activities may bring the cost of living down by making
essential commodities available in greater bulk and at cheaper rates. This combined
with better employment opportunities will bring poverty line rate lower.
Improvement in public parks will raise the aesthetic value of the area and will attract
tourism. Rehabilitation of the barrage structure will also have a positive impact on the
local tourism industry.
Boost to agriculture through ensured and enhanced irrigation water.
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6.5
IEE Report
Rehabilitation & Up-gradation of Suleimanki Barrage will not make any alteration in the
Barrage operation process and therefore no adverse impact is anticipated to induce due to
the implementation of the project.
At operational phase of the proposed Project a comprehensive Operation and Management
Manual (O&M) shall be prepared by the Project Manager at the completion of the work as
per ISO Standards. An effective monitoring and evaluation has to be done as per O&M and
monitoring plan. Mistakes at operational level or handling the operations by untrained staff
can prove very risky and costly. Important points to be attended at the operational stage are
as follows:
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(x)
On the basis of the impact assessment, the project will improve environmental and social
condition of the area. No permanent adverse environmental impacts have been identified
due to the project implementation. All the adverse impacts resulting from the construction
activities are mitigable.
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CHAPTER 7:
IEE Report
This chapter comprises a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) for the project.
The EMP proposes an effective plan of action that will indicate responsibilities and required
measures to minimize the negative environmental & social impacts at various stages of the
project.
The Environmental Management Plan for the Project has been discussed under three main
components:
Mitigation Plan
Monitoring Programme
Institutional Arrangements
Most of the mitigation activities planed in the EMP will be executed & cover under provisions
in the construction contract and with necessary agreement with the communities.
7.1
MITIGATION PLAN
The mitigation plan is a key component of EMP. The mitigation plan includes measures to
mitigate potential negative impacts and enhance its positive impacts during initial physical
works and normal operation of Irrigation System. This section outlines the potential impact of
rehabilitation works on the physical, biological and socioeconomic environment and their
associated mitigation measures as already identified in IEE report of the Suleimanki Barrage
Project. It also assigns the responsibilities for implementing these measures.
Lists of mitigation measures which will be directly covered by the environmentalist
and contractors and not those mitigation measures which are covered under civil or
mechanical work.
The person(s) responsible for ensuring the implementation of the measures.
The person(s) responsible for the monitoring.
Parameters to be monitored for the effective implementation of measures.
A time scale for the implementation of measures to ensure that the objectives of
mitigation plan are fully met.
The Mitigation and Monitoring Plan for the activities likely to have a direct impact on the
environment is presented in EMP table.
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7.2
IEE Report
Majority of negative impacts can be avoided (eliminated) through the use of adequate and
environmentally sound technical design. The Project has however been designed on the
basis of the lessons learnt from similar projects and major design initiatives undertaken to
avoid any major negative impacts are as follows:
1.
Necessary measures should be taken to exclude any big deposits of soil or debris
anywhere.
2.
To ensure the availability of water at the tail ends of canals off take from Sulemanki
Barrage.
3.
7.3
To reduce the potential impacts of the construction activities there will be a monitoring
programme to assess contractors compliance/performance with the project EMP during
construction phase.
The contract document will contain requirements for:
(i)
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For transporting construction material or conveying heavy machinery to the site, the rural
roads passing near or through village(s) may have to be closed temporarily and access of
public for certain period may have to be blocked. The dates, timings and duration of such
period will need to be agreed with authorities and communities.
Cultural and Historical Resources
Communities shall be requested to identify in the field, all known sites of cultural and
historical value that may be affected by the Project, for protective actions by the contractor.
Archaeological Field Support
The Government of the Punjab will make available (on demand) a qualified archaeologist to
conduct field investigations when important search work and new material sites area
opened. No such site is yet in view but just in case it does, the services of archaeologist will
be obtained.
Graveyard and Burials
If unrecorded graveyards and/or burials are found during the courses of construction
activities, the supervising agency will contact and work with local religious authorities within
the immediate Project area to allow for possible identification of the remains and where
appropriate, properly undertake relocation and burial.
Local Employment
The contractor will be advised to arrange locals as unskilled labour and skilled workers are
easily available from local communities as and when required. It is desirable that maximum
employment benefits are made available to local communities.
Land Acquisition and other Compensations
During the community consultation, in the Project area, it was made clear by the
communities that they would expect due compensation, if their buildings, trees or land were
affected or destroyed during construction activities or any of its allied structures. Social
Action Plan has been prepared to address the social impacts of the Project.
Resource use Agreement Construction Materials
Earth is commonly available in abundance around the Barrage area. Stones are available
from District Sargodha and Margalla hills. Yet there may be a need for additional agreement
with public to obtain certain materials. In that case the farmland should be given the last
priority in procuring the fill material when inevitable, however, due compensation should be
paid. Whenever the borrow pits are dug, considerable care should be taken in their location.
The site may invariably be rehabilitated after use. Ideal situation would be that the site is
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made good to a condition similar to that prior to the project. It will be helpful if Plategraphs of
pre-project condition are used for the purpose of comparison.
Resource Use Agreements Water
Although ample quantity of groundwater is available in the Project area, yet the contractor
will be required to confirm the quality and demand detail and indicate source of water prior to
the start of construction. Disposal plan for wastewater without polluting the fertile soil, river
water or ambient air, shall be produced by the contractor for approval of The
Engineer/Project Director.
7.4
MONITORING PLAN
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
A-
Monitor
LAND
RESOURCES
Borrow
Barrow Material:
materials from
Soil
earth borrowing
site.
excavation
construction
coffer
dams
contractors
1.1
Ensure
that CEnv
CSCEnv
Records of clear BC
PMO-
EU
demarked
BOQ
in excavation
place
of
the area.
Ensure
that CEnv
CSCEnv
Plategraphs
records
Supervision
PMO-
Consultants
EU
Environmental
BC, DC, AC
BOQ
SFA
CSCEnv
Compliances
DC
PMO-
with
material is restricted to
EU
Specification
on typical working
CEnv
day
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Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
Their
EU
effectiveness
movement
Once
BOQ
before
in construction
case of rain
Once a week on a
typical working day
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
EU
material
filling.
for
Compliance
DC:
BOQ
Site inspections
Daily
Once a month
random area.
1.7 Ensure that Erosion
CEnv
CSCEnv
Visible signs of DC
protection measures
PMO-
EU
BOQ
Monthly basis
Once after rain
CEnv
CSCEnv
is used as borrowing
area then the land will
PMO-
be restored by the
EU
detailed DC, AC
protocol
in Daily
checklist
At
completion
BOQ
of
excavation
When required
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Responsibility
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Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Plategraphs
DC, AC
borrow area to be
PMO-
record
When required
levelled as far as
EU
Records
BC, DC
BOQ
CEnv
CSCEnv
complete
PMO-
EU
excavation.
BOQ
borrow areas is
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Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
PMO-
Daily
EU
When required
BOQ
executing of excavation
to mitigate the dust
pollution.
2
Construction of
new Access
Road and
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
specification
When required
access to the
management plan,
EU
Repairing of
according to the
Existing Roads
recommendations
be implemented in
traffic.
Compliance
BC, DC
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
Direct Cost
BOQ
Daily
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Monitor
EU
site traffic.
General mobility of
water sprinkling is
PMO-
EU
livestock as well as
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
When required
System in place
DC
When required
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
PMO-
Plategraphs
Daily
EU
Unchecked speeding
fatalities as a result of
road accidents.
CEnv
CSCEnv
BOQ
Direct Cost
When required
Compliance
BC
alternative route is
PMO-
EU
allied work
Direct Cost
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
BOQ
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Executor
Monitor
PMO-
EU
Social Survey
Daily
When required
the construction
activity.
2.7 Any damage to the
CEnv
CSCEnv
Record
DC
land, property or
PMO-
Plategraphs
EU
SFA
the work
contractors activities
When required
will be remediated by
the contractor at the
earliest possibility.
3
Site for
Disposal of
observed that at
PMO-
Construction
completion of
EU
Waste Material
material is dumped at
PMO-
EU
will be in significant
waste
CEnv
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
CSCEnv
CSCEnv
Record
BC
BOQ
Plategraphs
BC, DC
BOQ
record
System in Place
BC, DC
BOQ
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transportation of waste
work
construction material
PMO-
EU
When required
watertight
3.4 Ensure contractors
CEnv
CSCEnv
obligations define in
PMO-
EU
Compliance
DC
BOQ
Daily
followed.
3.5 Ensure that the
CEnv
CSCEnv
System in Place
movement of lifting
DC
BOQ
Daily
PMO-
is limited to the
EU
When required
disposal site.
3.6 Ensure that waste
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
Daily
PMO-
EU
BOQ
When required
drainage.
3.7 Ensure dumping
CEnv
CSCEnv
Follow Contract DC
BOQ
complete SFA
When required
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contract agreement
Monitor
EU
Installation
of Land Requirement:
Batching Plant
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
BC
PMO-
near barrage to
EU
installation of
establish batching
plant.
SFA
Batching Plant
concrete may
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with BC
PMO-
specification
Raw material:
EU
construction work
SFA
Once before
installation of
Batching Plant
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CEnv
CSCEnv
has to be zero
emission plant.
PMO-
Daily
Wind direction
EU
When required
transportation and
fresh concrete is
should be consider.
controlled through
System in place
DC
SFA
CEnv
CSCEnv
Design and
BC
prepare the
At the stage of
Batching Plant
establishing
area by a
batching plant
competent
DC
BOQ
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person.
Weekly inspection
When required
be bunded with an
PMO-
Plategraphs
impermeable layer to
EU
record
CSCEnv
Compliance
CEnv
DC
spill record is
PMO-
Daily
EU
When requiredd
BOQ
incident of spill or
damaged vehicles.
Damaged/defected
vehicles will not be
operated unless
repaired.
4.6 Ensure that the
CEnv
CSCEnv
material is stocked
PMO-
specification
EU
BOQ
At the time of
establishment of
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Batching Plant
CEnv
CSCEnv
System in place
DC
PMO-
Daily
EU
raw material.
4.8 Ensure that the
BOQ
each rain.
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
BC
PMO-
EU
installation of
BOQ
Batching Plant.
Contractors
Land Requirement:
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
BC
PMO-
and Workshop.
EU
of camp
contractors camp,
BOQ
establishment
CEnv
CSCEnv
Measured
BC
PMO-
distance
camp will be at a
EU
the construction of
BOQ
establishment of the
camp.
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CEnv
CSCEnv
settlement.
labour camp
PMO-
construction and
to establish contractors
EU
establishment of the
batching plant.
Disposal of Waste
Compliance
BC
BOQ
camp
CEnv
CSCEnv
Plategraph
BC:
Photographs of
PMO-
records
Once before
disposal of wastewater,
EU
used as a reference
existing disposal
CEnv
construction activity
CSCEnv
PMO-
specification
specification.
EU
making necessary
renovation / expansion
domestic washing
PMO-
EU
kitchen is released in
CEnv
CSCEnv
BOQ
BOQ
System
places
in DC
BOQ
Daily
When required
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generated from labour
sumps
camp.
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
of appropriate design
System
places
in BC, DC
Once before start of
PMO-
facilities of water
EU
further treatment
and electricity on
payment basis.
agriculture.
Disposal of solid
waste. Unmanaged
PMO-
During design
EU
contaminate land.
up and waste
Existing disposal
treatment system
arrangement can be
necessary renovation /
expansion of the
system by the
water level.
contractor.
BOQ
work
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
When required
Compliance
BC
CSCEnv
Compliance per BC
PMO-
specification
EU
BOQ
BOQ
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soil
establishment
Down slope
and away from
the camp
Downstream
from the camp
water source
and above the
high watermark
of any nearby
water body (if
any)
5.10. Ensure that
CEnv
CSCEnv
System in place
BC
effective drainage
PMO-
system is in place at
EU
work
BOQ
site
5.11 Ensure that
CEnv
CSCEnv
System analysis
DC
existing wastewater
PMO-
On-going
Monthly basis
EU
consultation with
overstressed, if used.
5.13. Contractor make
assessment and carry
BOQ
local authorities
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
System in place
DC
Direct Cost
When requiredd
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out renovation /
Monitor
EU
expansion works of
existing facilities in
consultation with IPD.
IPD to assist the
contractor in this regard
5.14 Ensure the
CEnv
CSCEnv
Implementation
application of Solid
of
Waste Management
Disposal Plan
Plan, as described in
BC, DC
BOQ
IEE:
- Material suitable for
CSCEnv
recycling, collect
Daily during
Construction Phase
separately in three
bin system and sold
- Combustible waste
burnt at burn pit
When required
PMOEU
only
- Non- combustible,
non recyclable
garbage sent to the
designated landfill
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site in an area.
- Medical waste
Direct Cost
transported to any
hospital incineration
plant
- Solid residue from the
septic tank will be
transported to
municipal sewage
facilities at the
nearest place
- Contaminated soil
sent to burn pit or
landfill.
6
Relocation of
Land Requirement:
6.1 If happened
Camps, Material
The recommended
Storage area,
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with BC
contractor obligations
PMO-
SFA
When requiredd
EU
Batching Plant
and Special
agreement
Approaches
Compliance
BC
Routes and
through provincial
selects different
PMO-
Roads.
roads. Therefore no
EU
Batching Plant,
CEnv
CSCEnv
SFA
BOQ
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private land will require
Monitor
Labour Camp etc
recommended
locations than the
contractor will develop
base line data for the
new location on his
own cost, resources
and get approval from
the CSCEnv and PMO.
7
Access Tracks
crossed/damaged by
contractor has to
PMO-
moving machinery
EU
moving machinery
the boundaryof
allocated area
roads or private
PMO-
EU
repair work.
be restored by the
CEnv
CSCEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with
DC
map
Daily
Site inspections
Once a month
Compliance
AC
BOQ
When requiredd
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CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
is dumped only on
PMO-
civil drawing
locations allowed by
EU
Site Inspections
work
contractor, as it is
involved in contractors
obligations.
7.3 Ensure that gravel
to DC
BOQ
On monthly basis
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
BOQ
construction corridors
PMO-
Daily
EU
Monthly basis
are marked
7.5 Ensure that the
CEnv
CSCEnv
Control in place
DC
BOQ
PMO-
EU
work
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
Control in place
DC
Once
BOQ
after
every
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installed and
Monitor
EU
rain storm
maintained so as to
minimize soil erosion
and ponding of area
with rain water
7.7 Ensure adherence
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
EU
Compliance
DC
BOQ
When requiredd
roads
7.8 Ensure that
CEnv
CSCEnv
System in Place
DC
BOQ
construction corridor is
PMO-
Daily
EU
When requiredd
are undertaken at
regular basis
7.9 Ensure that
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with DC
EIA/EMMP
be minimized and no
PMO-
EU
When
BOQ
requiredd
Once a month
without prior
permission of
consultant.
7.10 Ensure that the
CEnv
CSCEnv
Site Inspections
DC
BOQ
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disposal of cleared
PMO-
Implementation
vegetation is not in a
EU
of
Daily
Disposal Plan
Management
selected construction
PMO-
EU
demarked before
construction and
Photographs of the
PMO-
When
construction waste;
EU
Once a month
Sewage; Campsite
of the construction
phase
construction material.
PMO-
As
EU
required
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
BC/DC
BOQ
When required
Plategraphs
BC/DC
BOQ
record
CEnv
CSCEnv
System in Place
required
DC
BOQ
and
be disposed off
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CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
transportation of waste
EU
System in Place
DC
BOQ
When required
construction material
must be covered and
watertight
8.5 It is a contractors
CEnv
CSCEnv
contractual obligation
to complete and follow
PMO-
EU
SFA
DC
Environmental
Audit
required
Compliance
DC
SFA
CEnv
CSCEnv
movement of lifting
PMO-
Daily
EU
When required
BOQ
CEnv
CSCEnv
Site Inspections
DC
BOQ
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Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
properly disposed of in
PMO-
As
and
EU
required
When
Land
The construction
contamination
machinery includes
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
maintenance of vehicle
PMO-
System in place
Daily
EU
place only in
chemicals
designated areas
other
material
CEnv
As
BOQ
and
When
required
underlined with
chances of
contaminating of the
runoff.
contaminated effluents,
PMO-
other potentially
EU
contaminated effluents
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
CSCEnv
System in place
DC
BOQ
When required
System in Place
DC
PMO-
hazardous substances
EU
required
BOQ
Suleimanki Barrage
Sr.
Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
according to standard
safety practices such
as secondary
containment bunded
area. Fuel tanks should
be labeled accordingly
9.4 Ensure that fuels,
System in place
DC
PMO-
Once
EU
days
an impermeable base
BOQ
every 15-
Once a month
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
EU
Appropriate
System in place
DC
BOQ
Daily
Arrangements in When required
place
arrangements, such as
minimize carrying
around site, if require
carry in proper
container or vehicles.
9.6. Keep spillage kit
including shovels,
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
System in place
DC
BOQ
Daily
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
plastic bags, absorbent
Monitor
EU
Once a month
CEnv
CSCEnv
refueling of vehicles is
PMO-
EU
Work Planning
DC
BOQ
Daily
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
PMO-
Daily
EU
When required
BOQ
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
EU
System in place
DC
BOQ
Daily
Maintain Record
When required
repairs affected
vehicles at the earliest
opportunity. Leaking
vehicles will not be
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Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
operated unless
repaired.
9.10 Soil contaminated
by minor spill (covering
PMO-
an area up to 0.1 m
EU
Compliance
DC
BOQ
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
BOQ
contaminated by
PMO-
When
required
EU
Once a month
Suleimanki Barrage
Sr.
Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Implementation
by a specialized
contractor as
suggested in Waste
Disposal Plan
10
Agricultural
It is envisage that no
destruction of
PMO-
of
destruction.
agricultural land is
EU
contractual
establishing of the
avoided by controlling
vehicles movement by
camp, contractors
10.2 If it is absolutely
workshop etc.
unavoidable and
PMO-
Accidental damage to
EU
contractors activities
to mistake of
contractors vehicle
be compensated and
driver or labour.
DC
SFA
Contractors Daily
When required
obligation
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance SFA
DC
SFA
When required
contractor
11
Any discharge
No graveyard /
11.1 If during
or diversion of
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
Site Inspections
DC
Direct Cost
Daily
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
water to a
graveyard or
area so no such
discharge or diversion
archeological
of water likely to
site.
the area.
Monitor
EU
When required
is a contractors
obligation not to let it
happen.
11.2 Solve the problem
CEnv
CSCEnv
by collaboration with
PMO-
EU
Compliance SFA
DC
SFA
When required
SFA.
12
Electric &
Renovation of electric
Mechanical
and mechanical
Works.
installations of the
No action is required
Extended Canal
The construction
Closure.
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
PMO-
Work Plan
is avoided by planning
EU
of DC
BOQ
When required
Once a month
131
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
scheduled in such a
13.2 In case of
PMO-
closure of canal by
EU
setting up cofferdam.
13.3 Cofferdams or
construct cofferdam or
CEnv
Compliance
DC
Direct Cost
When required
CSCEnv
Site Inspections
DC
temporary diverted
PMO-
Appointment
When requiredd
temporary structure to
EU
process
maintain routine
constructed by a
three canals
contractor to keep
CSCEnv
BOQ
WATER
RESOURCES
14
Construction of Contamination:
Coffer Dams.
Contamination of the
method
During
construction/dismantlin
statement
construction/disma-
material during
Site Inspections
construction and
CEnv
BOQ
dam
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
dams may
of suspended solids,
PMO-
consequently affecting
EU
to impact adversely on
particularly downstream
fisheries.
particularly
Once a month
downstream fisheries
by adopting good
engineering practice.
14.2 Carry out water
CEnv
CSCEnv
Laboratory
PMO-
based
setting up /dismantling
EU
site
DC
and
Direct Cost
on Monthly basis of on
testing of control
cofferdam do not
water
Quarterly basis of
adversely impacting of
laboratory
testing
base
(river, canals).
14.3 The Contractor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
BC/DC
PMO-
environmentalist from
EU
dismantling
the supervising
BOQ
Cofferdam
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Sr.
Project
No.
component
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
approval of
construction/dismantlin
g process and location
of the cofferdam.
15
Batching Plant
Use of water:
Preparation of concrete
PMO-
Before establishing
EU
high salt
concentrations,
PMO-
When required
particularly sulphates.
EU
Daily
this requirement.
preparation of concrete
Therefore, the
wastewater or surface
runoff generating
Water
may
also
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
Compliance
Site Inspections
BC
DC
DC
BOQ
BOQ
BOQ
Daily
PMO-
When required
EU
Suleimanki Barrage
Sr.
Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with DC
Disposal of waste
PMO-
contractual
EU
obligation.
impounding or other
Effluent
type of treatment
(if generated)
fine aggregate.
Engineer to oversee
PMO-
EU
consequently affecting
by the contractor.
CEnv
CSCEnv
BOQ
When required
Compliance
DC
BOQ
Daily
plant
is
Supply
Wastewater
CSCEnv
System in place
DC
PMO-
Water testing
Quarterly basis
EU
Contractors
will be monitored.
Camp
consumptive as well as
& for the use at work
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with DC
Direct Cost
BOQ
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Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Workshop
Monitor
PMO-
WHO
should be maintained
EU
water standards
should be done.
CSCEnv
Compliance
be made in consultation
water supplier is
PMO-
EU
PMO.
Disposal of Waste
effluents: The
community.
generate wastewater
provide wastewater
treatment facilities
PMO-
EU
types of wastewater
(domestic wastewater
different types of
& construction
contaminants, i.e.
wastewater)
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
DC
Direct Cost
BOQ
When required
Compliance with DC
contractual
Daily
obligation
When required
BOQ
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
domestic wastewater
of BC, DC
BOQ
PMO-
contractual
EU
obligation
of waste treatment
handled properly to
Disposal of untreated
avoid contaminating
wastewater in to the
bodies.
system
Effluents testing
Quarterly Basis
C-
Electrical
17.1
Ensure
good CEnv
CSCEnv
Site
inspection DC
Mechanical
and mechanical
PMO-
Work
installations of the
EU
staff
Daily
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
Accidental spill or
provide suitable
PMO-
Site inspection
When
leakage of chemicals or
EU
scaffolding or mobile
working tower, if
require to avoid
accidental spill.
AIR
CEnv
BOQ
requiredd
BOQ
required
Daily
QUALITY
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AND
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Monitoring
DC
Quarterly basis
NOISE
POLLUTION
18
Dust, smoke
A vast variety of
and other
equipment, generator
PMO-
gaseous
potential
EU
emission
pollutants from
not limited to
from
Plants &
bulldozers, dumpers
and
equipments
generators, Batching
maintained in good
equipment
working condition, in
construction phase.
exhaust emissions
These construction
PMO-
EU
work
potential pollutants in
the air.
CEnv
CSCEnv
BOQ
generator required
other
key
System in place
BC
BOQ
emission plant is
installed.
18.3 Ensure that dust
CEnv
CSCEnv
emissions due to
Visible dust:
DC
Visible
Daily
PMO-
observation
minimized by reducing
EU
size
of
of During
BOQ
peak
dust Construction
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
clouds
Period.
minimized through
Surprise visit
good journey
Once a week
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
quality is monitoring to
EU
Compliance
DC
Direct Cost
Quarterly basis
assess the
concentration of
Carbon Monoxide (
CO), Carbon Dioxide
(CO2), Nitrogen Dioxide
(NO2), Sulphur Dioxide
(SO2) and Particulate
Matter / (PM10) in the
atmosphere.
19
Smoke from
It is a Contractors
19.1 Contractors
burning of
responsibility to provide
waste material
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
BC
obligations to provide
PMO-
contractual
EU
obligations
work
BOQ
139
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
or burning of
energy at contractors
DC
firewood in the
Once a week
labour camp
fuel.
combustible non-
CEnv
CSCEnv
System in place
DC
PMO-
Daily
EU
When required
BOQ
material should be
burnt in the burn pit
only.
19.3 Ensure that the
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
EU
Maintain record
DC
BOQ
When required
so as to minimize
smoke emission
19.4 control fuel
CEnv
CSCEnv
consumption and
PMO-
EU
Maintain record
DC
BOQ
When required
leakage by regular
monitoring
20
20.1 Contractors
from
obligation is to use
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with DC
the contract
BOQ
Daily
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Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
Construction
PMO-
Activities
purpose machinery
EU
the appropriate
horns particularly
PMO-
the work.
during embankments
EU
CEnv
CSCEnv
When required
Compliance
DC
BOQ
Daily
When required
strengthening work
along the pond area
20.3 Ensure the
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
implementation of the
PMO-
Daily
EU
When required
BOQ
site.
20.4 Ensure that
CEnv
CSCEnv
Noise Monitoring
DC
periodic noise
PMO-
Monthly basis
monitoring is
EU
When required
Direct Cost
undertaken to access
the noise pollution
during working hours.
D-
BIOLOGICAL
RESOURCES
21
Damage
biological
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
Compliance
BC
BOQ
Suleimanki Barrage
Sr.
Project
No.
component
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
resources
during
of wildlife including
require minimum
construction.
tree cutting
the environmentally
PMO-
phase
EU
India boundary.
is no open defecating
EU
road
CEnv
CSCEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
or construction site.
EU
for:
- Haulage
Daily
Once a month
Compliance with DC
BOQ
CSCEnv
Plan
When required
Compliance
DC
Site inspection
Daily
PMO-
BOQ
When required
EU
designated security
staff if require.
Construction Camp
Plant
CEnv
- Establishing
- Erecting
BOQ
material
Compliance with DC
EIA/EMMP
- Borrowing
aligning of access
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with DC
EIA/EMMP
PMO-
Endorse
EU
limit
BOQ
Daily
speed When required
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Including Guide banks
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
Environmental
Daily
topography and
EU
protection Act
When required
CSCEnv
reptiles or turtles
crossing the road could
be avoided
21.6 Ensure that
BOQ
landscape is kept
minimum as possible
21.7 Ensure that no-
CEnv
wildlife
or harassing wildlife,
protection
& regulation
PMO-
EU
BOQ
Daily
rules
When required
will be strickly
implemented.
21.8 Ensure that the
CEnv
CSCEnv
illegal fishing or
Compliance with DC
BOQ
PMO-
EU
regulation
When required
project staff is
prohibited
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Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
21.9 Ensure that the
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance with DC
general awareness of
Environmental
and
Protection laws
through environmental
PMO-
EU
Direct Cost
Daily
Wildlife
When required
boards.
21.10 Ensure that no
CEnv
CSCEnv
Site inspections
Fenced
DC
BOQ
the Daily
is allowed to access in
PMO-
contractors
When required
EU
facilities
CSCEnv
Consultation with DC
PMO-
Wildlife
EU
Department
environmentally
sensitive areas due to
security and wildlife
habitat.
21.11 Ensure that
CEnv
BOQ
When required
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
21.12 Ensure that site CEnv
Monitor
CSCEnv
Compliance with DC
mitigation
Daily
PMO-
measures
animals.
EU
explain in EIA
CSCEnv
Include
CEnv
ecology is monitored
as When required
a BC
specialize
BOQ
At the preparation
PMO-
project, during
EU
environmental
DC
team
Quarterly basis
BOQ
construction
CEnv
CSCEnv
cofferdam installation
Site
inspection DC
and
PMO-
EU
BOQ
planning
Suleimanki Barrage
Sr.
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No.
component
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
SOCIOECONOMIC
AND
CULTURAL
ISSUES
22
Population at Risk:
Impacts on Site
PMO-
EU
Local
matter.
Population
therefore it is unlikely to
CEnv
As per contract
BC/DC
When required
CSCEnv
Maintain Record
DC
Management Register
PMO-
Compliance
Daily
EU
Register is maintained
22.3 Ensure no
machinery is left
unattended at working
PMO-
site
EU
CEnv
CSCEnv
Direct Cost
BOQ
When required
Maintain
plants DC
log sheet
Daily
Site inspections
When required
BOQ
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Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
Once a month
PMO-
EU
installing electric
equipments under a
representative visits
condition of full
monthly to gather
impoundment of the
complaints from
barrage pond.
Social/Environment
PMO-EU
CSCEnv
PMO
Maintain
DC
Complain
Daily
Management
Monthly basis
BOQ
Register
Complaints
Management Register
and provide feedback
to the community on
the status of the
previous complaints to
the community elders.
22.5 Ensure the use of
CEnv
CSCEnv
horns is prohibited ,
except when necessary
PMO-
Display
sign DC
boards
Daily
Compliance
When required
Compliance
DC
BOQ
EU
22.6 Ensure all entry CEnv
points
in
to
CSCEnv
the
BOQ
security
When required
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Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
be staffed 24 hours a
Monitor
EU
day.
22.7 Ensure that safe
CEnv
CSCEnv
Implementation
of
DC
BOQ
traffic Daily
adopted, particularly
PMO-
management
When required
EU
plan
CSCEnv
Contractors
DC
obligation
Daily
settlements. This
includes a speed limit
of 40km/h within build
up (residential area)
and 20km/h on site.
23
Existing service
facilities like
may be leagalized
education,
influencing the
through SFA.
health,
communities will be
electricity,
Compliance
drinking water
SFA
supply and
public
contract document of
At the preparation
gathering,
of EIA
religious
of the communities
point of view
DC
congregations
incorporated regarding
CEnv
CEnv
PMO-
defined
EU
contract
CSCEnv
PMO-
SFA
in When required
data
of
Gender Analysis
BC,
BOQ
Quarterly basis
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
etc
Monitor
EU
and community
development projects
23.3 Ensure that
CEnv
CSCEnv
religious congregations
Public
BC
BOQ
Consultation
At the preparation
must be observed
of EIA
carefully in order to
DC
PMO-
EU
When required
communities.
23.5 Contractors camp
CEnv
CSCEnv
Contractors
BC
BOQ
PMO-
Contractual
At
EU
Obligation.
contract document
CSCEnv
Public
BC
Once at the start of
preparation
of
facilities
Mosque, Restaurant
Leisure centre, Health
& Safety centre and
Welfare facilities.
24
Tribal tension
local rivalries
consultation
on running
bearing on project
Compliance
SFA
CEnv
BOQ
of work
DC
149
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
of aquatic life
Monitor
sensitive, in order to
PMO-
the community
EU
resident engineer. In
communities and to
local communities
structure.
discussed in SFA.
CEnv
When required
CSCEnv
Compliance
BC,
PMO-
Gender Analysis
At the preparation
traditional means of
EU
BOQ
of EIA
communication of the
DC
presence of foreign
When required
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
of BC
PMO-
EU
SFA
DC
are compensated in
When required
Suleimanki Barrage
Sr.
Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
Public
to project
EU
consultation
CSCEnv
Compliance with BC
BOQ
When required
implementation in
regular group meeting
with local community
25
Adverse effects
on
PMO-
archaeological
EU
chapter 2 of EIA
or historical, cultural,
CEnv
Direct Cost
EIA
DC
Daily
sites
implementation then
When required
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Sr.
Project
No.
component
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
25.2 Ensure that if any
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
BOQ
Daily
proper Ambulance
PMO-
Daily
(preferably a four-
EU
When required
site.
available on site on a
labour and, in
construction phase.
to the requirement of
PMO-
equipment (including
EU
work
personal protective
DC
qualified medical
equipment) require
Daily
equipment and
the staff.
CEnv
CEnv
CSCEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
Compliance
DC
BC/DC
BOQ
BOQ
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Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
suitable ambulance
access to running
PMO-
EU
shaded area is
arrangements are
working shift.
horns is prohibited ,
System in place
DC
BOQ
Daily
CEnv
CSCEnv
When required
Compliance
DC
BOQ
Daily
PMO-
hygiene requirements.
When required
EU.
26.5 Ensure that safe
CEnv
CSCEnv
Compliance
DC
Traffic
Daily
When required
adopted, particularly
PMO-
Management
EU
Plan
CSCEnv
Compliance with BC
BOQ
settlements. This
includes a speed limit
of 40km/h within builtup
area and 20km/h max.
speed limit on site.
27
Employment
CEnv
BOQ
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Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
opportunities
Monitor
PMO-
labour
EU
contract
employment
documents
DC
are to be provided to
communities, provided
community
It is believed that
substantial amount of
qualifications/experienc
e is available.
construction could be
27.2
Ensure
in At
the
stage
staff
interaction
local
minimized
with
is
CSCEnv
Land
PMO-
EU
should
least
selection BC
be
BOQ
preparation
at of EIA
500m
Barrage construction
away,
public places
of
When required
project CEnv
community
laws
CEnv
physical DC
CSCEnv
Public
BC
tribal balance is
PMO-
Consultation
At
EU
taking into
employment to the
BOQ
the
stage
of
employment
DC
154
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Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
consideration the level
local population.
(skilled or unskilled)
Preference to be given
27.4
Monitor
When required
Ensure
that CEnv
CSCEnv
Public
BC
PMO-
Consultation
at
and
EU
sensitize
employing suitable
minimize
tensions
will be in accordance
CSCEnv
Compliance with BC
crew
PMO-
PHS Act
screened
employed
implemented
is
to
BOQ
the
stage
of
employment
non-local
DC
Quarterly
cultural
medically
before
EU
At
BOQ
the
stage
of
employment
Suleimanki Barrage
Sr.
Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
Monitor
CEnv
CSCEnv
working/living
standards applicable to
a work site.
28
Communicable
Diseases.
periodic awareness
PMO-
&
EU
awareness
project staff
Communicable
Diseases if the
Compliance with DC
Direct Cost
courses
CEnv
CSCEnv
Medical
testing BC
assessment of the
PMO-
of site worker
incidence exists.
spread of HIV/AIDS is
EU
undertaken in the
Punjab HIV/AIDS
source, mode of
program.
communication or
consequences of
ensure periodical
PMO-
Hepatitis, HIV/AIDS.
EU.
system, to a large
symptoms of hepatitis
BOQ
At the employment
DC
Quarterly basis
CEnv
CSCEnv
Medical Testing
DC
BOQ
When required
156
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Sr.
Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
extent excludes the
Monitor
A.
outbreak or rapid
communication of
HIV/AIDS, yet its
occurrence in such a
situation cannot be
precluded. It is
necessary that along
with other
communicable
diseases like Cholera,
Typhoid and
Tuberculosis,
awareness and
preventive campaigns
are run from time to
time in the labour
camps and the field
offices of the project on
HIV/AIDS.
29
Restoration/reh
It will be the
CSCEnv
Compliance
abilitation
requirement of the
barrow
PMO-
Plategraph
excavating work
sites
are
157
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Sr.
Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
as
per
Monitor
remediate
contract requirements
done at completion of
PMO-
to tourist resort if
EU
the Irrigation
form resembling to
Department
CSCEnv
extraction / borrowing.
PMO-
Campsite and
EU
Plan
be restored in
accordance with
contractual obligations
document.
CSCEnv
PMO-
restoration
to construction
EU
guidelines
activities will be
removed
CSCEnv
Compliance
better.
CEnv
CEnv
CEnv
EU
record
CSCEnv
Compliance
PMO-
work
At
completion
of BOQ
work
158
Suleimanki Barrage
Sr.
Project
No.
component
IEE Report
Description
Measures / Actions
Responsibility
Cost
Monitoring
Executor
depression) will be
Monitor
EU
backfilled unless
agreed with the
CSCEnv
29.6 The portion of the
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
EU
Compliance
activities will be
restored by removing
culverts and gravel
topping
29.7 While abandoning
CEnv
CSCEnv
PMO-
restoration
EU
guidelines
CSCEnv
potential conflicts
PMO-
SFA
EU
work
CEnv
work
Suleimanki Barrage
IEE Report
CEnv -
Contractors Environmentalist
CSCEnv
160
Suleimanki Barrage
7.5
IEE Report
INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENT
7.5.1
Management Responsibilities
Overall responsibility for environmental management will rest on Head PMO of the Irrigation
and Power Department, Government of the Punjab.
i.
ii.
Agency
iii.
respective tasks
iv.
Logistic Support
shall
be
the
focal
point
for
the
construction activity.
(i)
Suleimanki Barrage
IEE Report
PMO will also coordinate with relevant government departments and stakeholders on
concerned socio-environmental issues.
PMO will inspect and monitor residual impacts of the rehabilitation work and observe
documentation of the impacts during the construction phase.
PMO will also inspect the significance of impact in case of unanticipated change in
the project.
Construction Supervision Consultants will assist and advise PMO in implementation of EMP.
(ii)
The Environmental Unit (EU) within PMO will monitor Project performance.
EU will prepare and submit periodical Progress and Monitoring Reports to all
stakeholders as per their schedules. In this task they will seek assistance/ guidance
from Construction Supervision Consultants as and when required.
(iii)
The Project Director shall provide or arrange the logistics including communication, transport
and accommodation to all visiting persons/teams experts from any of the above monitoring
units and shall coordinate with the contractor(s) to facilitate the visits/inspections. For all
Monitoring and Evaluation activities in the field the Engineers Representative shall act as a
focal point.
(iv)
Contractor
The contractor will be responsible for the implementation of the project EMP. The contractor
will ensure that EMP for the project is implemented fully and must be integrated into the
Project implementation and make integral part of the contract document. For any default
damages so caused will be remediated by the contractor at his own cost and expenses. In
case the contractor fails to rectify the damage the employer will do the need full at risk and
cost of the contractor. The amount will be determined by the Construction Supervision
Consultants which will be adjusted from amount due to the contractor. The contractor will
also be responsible for communicating with and training of his staff in environmental aspects
and implementation of the EMP. The contractor will develop and get approved Health, Safety
& Environment (HSE) Plan from Construction Supervision Consultants before the
commencement of the Physical works on site.
162
Suleimanki Barrage
(v)
IEE Report
The construction supervision consultants will be responsible to ensure quality of work and
fulfilment of contractual obligations. Environmental Specialist of the construction supervision
consultants will ensure that all the environmental and social provisions comply with the
applicable standards. He / She will confirm that the day-to-day construction activities are
carried out in environment friendly manner and organize periodic environmental training
programmes and workshops for the consultants and contractors staff.
Project Organizational Structure
The organizational structure for the environment management / monitoring implementation is
shown below. The role of the organization are described in exhibit 1.
Head
Project Management Office
Environment
Unit
Director Social
/ Environment
Deputy Director
Environment
Construction
Supervision
Consultants
Environmental
Specialist &
Sociologist
Contractor
Environmental
officer / Team
Deputy Director
Sociology
163
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IEE Report
Designation
Responsibilities
Project
Management
Office (PMO)
Director Socio
/ Environment
Operating Documents
scheduling according to
approved budget.
Preparation
of
all
necessary
reports
required to be submitted
to Govt. or donor agency.
Ensure compliance and
implementation of rules
164
Suleimanki Barrage
Organization
IEE Report
Designation
Responsibilities
Operating Documents
Assist
Project
Deputy
Management
Director
environment
Office (PMO)
Environment
well.
documents
environmental
in IEE. of Sulemanki
Ensures
Barrage
Director
Socio,
in
office
environmental
protection
project
during
the
implementation
according
to
Environmental
laws,
policies guidelines
and
I&P
Department
on
and
Framework
Agreement (SFA).
Liaison
Consultants
with
contractor
consultants
environmental team
with
technical standards
and
Contract
Conduct
site
Environmental
Reports
visits
to
Comply
with
National, International
and
Coordinate
with
stakeholders,
including
Punjab
Health
and
Public
Safety
(PHS) Acts
Asian
Bank,
consultants
and others
Support DD Sociology in
165
Suleimanki Barrage
Organization
IEE Report
Designation
Responsibilities
fullfillment
Operating Documents
of
his/her
responsibilities
Project
Deputy
Management
Director
environment
Office
Sociologist
well.
documents on social
Assist
Director
Socio,
in
Carried
office
out
aspects
and
other
of
on social aspects.
Barrage.
Deals
with
social
Sulemanki
Socio-economic survy
socio-economic issues.
of
Coordinate
Barrage
with
including
Sulemanki
Sulemanki Barrage
WWF,
PHS Acts
Asian
Bank,
consultants
and others.
Review
Social
Framework
Agreement (SFA).
all
socio-
Consultants
Environmental
ensure implementation of
Reports
corrective
Documentation
measures,
if
any
I&P
responsibilities of official
contractor,
with
Department
the
stakeholders,
Contract
received
Conduct
site
visits
to
Socio-
from
field
Comply
Acts
Support DD Environment
Social
in
Agreement (SFA
fulfilment
of
the
his/her
with
HSE
Framework
responsibilities
Construction
Environmental
Supervision
Specialist
Consultant
the
mitigation
IEE for
measures suggested in
the EMMP
activities
compliance
Barrage
Monitor
construction
as
per
the
monitoring
Sulemanki
The
EMMP
of
Sulemanki Barrage
Comply
with HSE
Plan
166
Suleimanki Barrage
Organization
IEE Report
Designation
Responsibilities
Operating Documents
program
Monitor the impacts of the
project activities (effects
monitoring,
discussed
mitigation
and
health
and
safety Policies
Manage operation of the
contractors
environmental
management staff
Contractor
Environmental
Manage
and
officer / HSE
environmental
officer
measures
implement
mitigation
with
supervision
contractors
consultants
for
Sulemanki
EMMP of Sulemanki
Comply
with PHS
Acts
IEE
Barrage
I&P
Barrage
consultant
environmental specialist.
with
Department
Contract
Consultants
environmental reports.
Social
Framework
Agreement (SFA)
compliance monitoring.
7.6
CHANGE MANAGEMENT
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IEE Report
An environmental assessment of the proposed project has been made during the
preparation of EIA. However it is possible that change in project design may be required
when the project is implemented. This section describes the mechanism to handle Changes
that might affect the project environmental impact. The changes in the project design may
be:
First Order Change is one that leads to a significant departure from the project described in
the EIA such as change in location, project design. The change management statement
(CMS) will be submitted to EPA for approval with a copy to the Asian Bank.
Second Order Change is one that is not significantly different from those described in the
EIA such as;
The change management statement (CMS) will be submitted to EPA for information with a
copy to the Asian Bank.
Third Order Change is one that is of little consequence to the EIA findings, such as;
Suleimanki Barrage
IEE Report
Water resource
Quality
Quantity
Fuel oil and chemical spills
Vegetation record
Record of wildlife
Noise pollution
Socio-economic data
7.7.3
Meetings
The following environmental meetings during the project will take place
Primary meeting for setting out the requisite end frame sounding for the regular
meetings.
Scheduled meetings between Contractor and Supervising Consultant.
Progress review meeting among EU of PMO, Environmental Specialist and
Environment Officer.
The purpose of the meeting will be to discuss the conduct of the operation, non
compliances noted by the consultants environmental team and measures for their remedy.
The meeting will be recorded in the form of a daily/monthly environmental report.
7.7.4
Reports
The Environmental Specialist of the Supervision Consultant shall produce periodical reports
as well as inspection notes based upon the visits to the Project site. This information shall
make a basis for EU for their further reporting or visiting the site. All reports shall be location
and activity specific. The reports shall especially identify areas of contractors noncompliance with the EMP and provide guiding remarks on actions to be taken. The
significance of the non-compliance shall also be noted. Copies of these reports shall be sent
to the Resident Engineer (RE) who shall forward them to the Team Leader, Head PMO,
Irrigation & Power Department and the Contractor for their action(s).
The RE will include in his routine reports a summary status of activities relating to the EMP.
Supplemental reports on issues should also be prepared as and when required.
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The consultant s environmental team will produce daily ,monthly, and annually reports, as
well as a final report of the project based on the information collected. The list of distribution
reports is given in Exhibit-2.
Exhibit-2 Periodic Reports
Report
Prepared by
Reviewed by
Distribution
Daily
Contractors
Reviewed
by Resident
HSE officers
contractor
Engineer
environmental
officer
and
the
Consultants
Environmental
Specialists
Monthly
Environmental
Reviewed by EU of Resident
team of the
PMO.
Engineer
Construction
PMO
Supervision
I&P Department
Consultants
Asian Bank
EPA
Annually
Environmental
Reviewed by EU of Resident
team of the
PMO.
Engineer
Construction
PMO
Supervision
I&P
Consultants
Department
EPA
Asian Bank
Effects Monitoring
Environmental
Reviewed by EU of Resident
team of the
Construction
EPA
PMO
Supervision
I&P
Consultants
Department
EPA
Asian Bank
170
Suleimanki Barrage
IEE Report
Report
Prepared by
Reviewed by
Distribution
Change
Environmental
Reviewed by EU of Resident
Management
team of the
PMO.
Engineer
Construction
EPA
PMO
Supervision
I&P
Consultants
Department
EPA
World Bank
Final
Environmental
Reviewed by EU of Resident
team of the
PMO.
Engineer
Construction
PMO
Supervision
I&P
Consultants
Department
EPA
Asian Bank
7.7.5
Photographic Record of the Project Area
This will include:
Identifying key locations for taking Plategraphs
Using digital camera to Plategraph of the project area before the construction start and
Recording the following information for each shot on a form
Shot number
Name of Plategraph
Date
Time
Featured Plategraph
Other observations
Repeating the above after completion of all activities for selected location
7.7.6
Social Complaints Register
The consultants environmental team will maintain a social complaint register at camp site
office to document all complaints received from the local communities. The register will also
record the measures taken to mitigate these concerns. The final report will be communicated
to Environmental section of PMO. The Project Monitoring team shall carry out the monitoring
of the implementation of social and environmental mitigation measures as per ADB
Safegaurd Policy Statement.
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7.7.7
Record Register
The environmental specialist of the construction supervision consultants will be responsible
to maintain and update all environment related data, record and documents. The results
from environment monitoring and sampling program should be fully documented and
recorded. The results will be available for inspection by the regulator, authorities and Asain
Developing Bank on site. The record should provide the following quality assured monitoring
and sampling information.
Determinants monitored and sampled
Specified details of measurements/samples to support analytical and QA
requirements e.g. dates, times, location, other relevant parameters
Results of measurements/sample analysis, with error limited.
Interpretation and review of results against specified trigger level.
This will be maintained at a site to document any change in the project design as well. These
changes will be handled through the change management mechanism if any. The final report
will be communicated to EU. Environmental issues Tracking Report form will be completed
and maintained by the Contractor.
7.8
This component describes the waste disposal plan that will be employed during the
construction and restoration period. The main types of waste to be disposed off include
Waste generated during construction
Fuel, oils, and chemicals;
Sewage;
Campsite waste;
Medical waste;
Demolition waste;
Packing waste and
Excess construction material.
Domestic waste and construction waste will be the main type of waste generated from
Labour Camp and construction activities. Domestic waste contains high percentage of
readily degradable hydrocarbon which gives bad smell on decomposition, especially in hot
and humid environment. Construction waste classified as inert waste which could be a
problematic to dispose off. It is recommended to collect the domestic waste and construction
waste separately.
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7.8.1
IEE Report
Domestic Waste
All the waste generated at Labour Camp should be collected and temporarily stored
at the designated bonded area within the labour camp.
The area should be prepared, maintained and visually inspected and recorded on
regular basis by the Environment Officer of the contractor.
The waste storage area should be fenced to stop animals direct contact with the
waste. The site must be decontaminated to keep the building free from foul smells,
spreading of diseases and healthy working environment on regular basis.
It is a responsibility of Contractor to arrange the waste collection from the Labour
Camp with local authority or waste disposed cooperation on regular basis.
Waste Chute should be provided within the Labour Camp. Chute will enable the
collection of thrown solid in the covered storage site.
Bags should be provided to the occupants and resident of the labour camp for
collecting their waste.
Implement resource conservation and recover recyclable waste e.g. paper, steel
cane, glass bottles etc from the collected waste and divert the filtered waste to the
area landfill site.
7.8.2
Construction Waste
Construction waste could be reused as a fill material or construction material.
However the detail testing should be undertaken to confirm the suitability of the
waste, if is used as a construction material.
If the construction waste disposed of on site in the form of landfill then once the hole
filled with the construction waste the top of the fill should be capped with clayed
material and compacted to minimize water infiltration.
Construction
phase
Road Bridge
and Barrage
structure
repair work
Disposal methods
Dumping and levelling of waste only
on
site
agreed
with
the
Environmental Specialist and EU as
indicated on figure 1.3. Waste will be
properly disposed of in a manner that
does not disturb the natural drainage.
The dumped material will be
strengthened by stone pitching.
173
Suleimanki Barrage
Types
of Description
waste
fuel, oils, and Contaminated
chemicals
soil or water
spills
contaminated
soil
or
wastewater
IEE Report
Construction
phase
All phases
Disposal methods
soil contaminated by minor spills /
leakages (defined as leaks from the
vehicles, machinery, equipment, or
storage containers such that the
areas and depth of soil contaminated
is less than 1sqft and 3 inches
respectively) will be scraped and sent
to the burn pit where it will be burned
along with other combustible wastes.
Moderate spills defined as spills of
volume less than or equal to 200
litres will be contained and controlled
using shovels, sand, and native soil.
these materials and equipment will
be made available at campsite and
construction site during operation.
The contaminated soil will be
excavated and stored in a bonded
area lined with impermeable base.
Depending on the volume of the
contaminated soil, the disposal may
involve of sending to burn pit or by
specialized treatment such as
bioremediation or
solidification/stabilization (s/s)
Major spills of volume exceeding 200
litres will require the initiation of PMO
emergency response procedures.
These spills will be handled and
controlled
according
to
the
specialized measures and special
treatment as suggested by the spills
removal experts. The contaminated
water should be collected in separate
container and sent them to the
suitable treatment site after the
mutual agreement with environment
consultant and PMO.
Suleimanki Barrage
Types
waste
IEE Report
of Description
Campsite
waste
Medical waste
areas, sewage
Syringes, glass
bottles, soiled
bandages,
expired drugs,
dressing
Used
oil,
Workshop
ferrous
/non
waste,
and ferrous
fluid waste
materials,
batteries,
oil
etc
Demolition
Concrete,
Waste
bricks,
other
building
materials
Packing
waste
Excess
construction
material
Construction
phase
Construction
/Operation
Phase
Disposal methods
sewage
treatment
facilities.
Wastewater
from
kitchen
and
washing areas to be disposed of in
soak pits
Colour coded waste collection drums
will be placed at the appropriate
locations to segregate different types
of waste. Recyclable waste to be
given away for recycling; and non
combustible waste to be buried in
designated landfill by the waste
disposal authority of district Okara
with other city waste as agreed with
EU and Environmental Specialist.
Green waste will be disposed off at
the composting unit.
To be incinerated at nearby hospital
incinerator, if any, or an equivalent
facility
Suleimanki Barrage
Types
waste
7.9
IEE Report
of Description
paints
and
other
construction
materials
Construction
phase
Disposal methods
Mechanical works at the barrage might require partial or full closure of the road bridge during
construction. Therefore traffic management would be required during such time periods
spanning long hours in a day. It is a contractors contractual obligation to prepare a Traffic
Management Plan, get its approval from traffic police, XEn Irrigation and HSE Officer and
implement on site. The plan should be available for public in local library and published in
news paper. The suggestions made in this section should be incorporated by the contractor
in preparation of the Traffic Management Plan.
The purpose of traffic management plan is to cope with traffic distribution that call for coordinate actions from several services responsible for road/traffic management on a given
road or network.
Barrage Structure Repair Work
There is a single carriage way bridge on top of the main weir at Sulemanki Barrage for public
transport. If part of the road needs to be used to undertake the barrage structural repair work
then the working area should be clearly marked with separating fence. No unauthorized
person should be allowed to enter the working area. Following measures should be taken
during the construction of the bridge
The adjacent land on both side of the road at the suggested location of the road
bridge belongs to PID, therefore no private land acquisition require for bridge
construction
Temporary route should be provided during the bridge construction to maintain traffic
flow.
The temporary route should be adequate for the existing traffic plus the site traffic and
designed and build by a specialized contractor.
The rural roads leading to or passing near the construction site could be used to
convey men and materials to the construction sites.
It is a Contractors contractual obligation to use the roads and paths carefully and in
case of any damage, repair the damaged roads or paths.
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Closing one Lane: When closing down the one lane of the road then the traffic light system
should be set up and allow only one side traffic at a time. Sign posts about the new traffic
light and/or proposed new road layout should be placed at least one km from the road
closing lane . Sign boards about the expected delay in traffic and queue build up should be
placed in Havali Lakha and Michna Abad (about 45 km from Sulemanki Barrage).
Complete Closure of the Road: There is an active river creek at downstream of the
barrage and road bridge will be required for alternative route. A boat bridge could be
assembled for temporary alternative route for the traffic during the refurbishment of the
existing bridge, the suggested location of the Boat Bridge and access roads (currently are
kacha path need to be strengthened for the main traffic) are indicated in figure 7.1.
If the road need to be closed completely for short period then it is suggested that the closure
should not be more than continuous 4 hours. Local traffic police should be informed at-least
a week before the closure required. Traffic sign board regarding the closure time and
suggestion for alternative routes should be placed at the exit of main city i.e. Pakpattan,
Depalpour, and Bahawalnager towards the Sulemanki Barrage. Where possible the closure
should be arranged outside the off peak times (consider peak time from 6am to 10am and
3pm to 7pm). The traffic should be stopped before it enters the build up area near the
barrage i.e. settlements near the barrage to avoid the distraction of the local community and
damage the infrastructure from the accumulated traffic. The following traffic survey
conducted over a week provides the estimate of the daily average traffic flow can be used for
the preparation of the traffic management plan by the contractor.
Table 7.1:
Hiace
Mini Bus/
cycle
Taxi/Pajero
Wagon
Coaster
2009
1176
589
155
117
50
38
460
2014*
1405
655
161
122
52
47
487
2020
1635
722
168
126
54
56
515
Bus
Loader
Truck/
Motor-
Pickups
Trailer/
tractor
Suleimanki Barrage
IEE Report
any immediate risks of pollution of the environments, ensure the immediate initiation of
necessary investigation and management actions to identify, mitigate and remediate the
cause of the accident. Initiate training and periodic testing/checking when necessary.
The probabilities of accident such as oil spills, accidental habitat destruction, water or air
pollution, breach in cofferdam and hit with unexpected high flow are very low. However, such
accidents can occur and overall environmental emergency response method may be used:
Obtain an early warning of the emergency conditions so as to avoid adverse impacts
on the environment
Safeguard personnel to prevent injuries or loss of life
Minimize the impact of such event on the environment and facilities by mitigating the
potential for escalation and containing of the hazards
Site in charge should have permanent mode of contact (e.g. mobile phone or walki
talki) with the HSE officer.
Contact name and number of HSE officer should be available in site office and
displayed on site office notice board.
It is a responsibility of the contractor to provide at least one First Aider during working hours.
The First Aid provider will perform the following duties.
i.
Keeping all necessary first aid medicines and bandages in the first aid box at every
time.
ii. Replace the medicines before their expiry dates to avoid any health hazard to the
people.
iii. Provide first aid to the injured at the event of accident.
iv. Report any accident / incident to the environmental manager immediately for
necessary action.
v. Call ambulance in case of any serious emergency.
Emergency siren should be installed at the barrage to inform the site worker about any
emergency situation. The operation of the siren will be controlled by the HSE officer or his
nominated person. The designate assembly area also should be marked and informed to
site worker.
An outline of a contingency plan for the accidental spill is shown in Exhibit 4
Exhibit-4 Accidental Spill Contingency plan
Step
Diesel spill
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IEE Report
Alert / Mobilize
Alert emergency
Alert emergency
Initial action
Determine
appropriate Determine
appropriate
strategy
strategy
On-going actions
(Site Incharge)
to
construct equipment
to
construct
recover
Handle
the
the
the
recovered
Stand Down
(Site
Incharge
Engineer)
Once
/
the
incident
has Once
the
incident
has
investigation
Waste disposal
(Contractor)
or
absorbing
or
pads
and bioremediation
or
treat
with collected
bioremediation
at
incinerate
treat
with
the
product
at
soil
and
It is a contractors obligations to provide and implement the Health, Safety & Environment
(HSE) Plan. The Plan should be divided into three main parts Health, safety and
environment. Each part should include but not limited to the following elements;
SAFETY
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HSE Responsibilities
Performance Monitoring
10
Fire Prevention
11
12
Transportation
IEE Report
HSE Policy
2.
3.
4.
Waste Management
5.
Hazardous Material
6.
Night Working
7.
House Keeping
8.
Noise
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1. Purpose
2. Scope
3. Method and Responsibilities
ATTACHMENTS
1. HSE Policy
2. List of HSE SOPs, MS & Formats
3. Typical Site HSE Organization
4. Injury Statistics for the last four years
5. Honours and Awards
7.12
TREE PLANTATION
If tree cutting will be required then five new trees should be planted for each tree uprooted
on site.
7.13
If during construction contractor need to borrow material from private land then the
contractor can acquire land in according to the lease agreement with the land owner.
Photographs record will be kept before and after the land use as borrowing area. The
contractor will not leave borrowing pit in such a condition that they are unusable and could
be filled with rain water and provide breeding place for mosquitoes or cause any health and
safety issues.
Agriculture land should be restored such that it can be re-use for the agricultural purpose.
The restoration of agricultural land includes but not limited to the following steps.
Remove of 6 inches of the topsoil and keep it separate on site for its re-spread back
on the levelled borrow area
Excavate up to maximum 3 feet
Level slops as far as possible
Place the topsoil back on reasonably levelled area
7.14
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It is envisaged that no private land acquisition will require for the project
implementation and contractors facilities set up. However temporary acquisition of
private land may require for borrowing material. If the contractor proposed different
locations of labour camp, batching plant etc and require any private land then he/she
need to follow the LAA 1894 to compensate the land owner.
Land valuation will be carried out with the help of district officer and agree with the
private land owner.
Cut of date will be announced at the day of compensation value agreed and signed
with land owner and authorities.
The compensation will be paid to the affectee(s) prior to possession of the land being
taken by the Government of Punjab.
7.15
The outline of the Risk Management Plan is provided in this section. The detailed and more
precise plan should be prepared and implemented by the contractors Project Manager. The
following Plan identify the possible hazards associated with the project activities,
consequences of the occurrence, probability of the occurrence and action to reduce the risk
to acceptable level i.e. low to medium.
Hazards
Consequences
Probability
of occurrence of
(Severity-
occurrence
L,M,H)
(L, M, H)
Risk
(L, M, H)
the Risk
Risk
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Hazards
Consequences
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Probability
of occurrence of
Risk
(L, M, H)
the Risk
Risk
(Severity-
occurrence
L,M,H)
(L, M, H)
Oil,
Contaminate
Chemical
of material storage
Spill
water bodies
(M)
water bodies
-Store material on
bunded area with
impermeable layer
-Good
housekeeping
-loading
and
unloading
of
material should be
manage
by
competent person
-spill kit should be
available
to
deal
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Hazards
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Consequences
Probability
of occurrence of
Breach
(Severity-
occurrence
L,M,H)
(L, M, H)
in Fatality
Cofferdam
or M
Risk
(L, M, H)
the Risk
-The
Risk
construction L
serious injury of
and maintenance of
the worker
cofferdam
Adversely
be
impact
on
should
mange
by a
competent person
aquatic life
-Findings of daily
(H)
inspection
be
should
recorded
and
analysis
-sand bags should
be available on site
to deal with small
damages
in
the
cofferdam
-monitor
river
quality
at
downstream of the
cofferdam
on
regular basis.
Adverse
Deteriorate
environment
natural
al
habitat
on Barrage
pond
(L)
-Implementation of L
the
control
measures
mitigate impact on
area
biological
to
resources
due
to
construction
-Select appropriate
activities
plant
and
equipment
and
minimize
noise
and
the
dust
pollution
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Hazards
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Consequences
Probability
of occurrence of
(Severity-
occurrence
L,M,H)
(L, M, H)
Failure
in Fatality
plant
equipment
e.g.
or M
Risk
(L, M, H)
the Risk
-Inspect
Risk
all
the L
equipment
(H)
including
lifting
lifting
gears etc
competent
person
should
Damage
the L
Pakpattan
and L
Canal
Closure
canal command
perennial
area
(H)
canal
canals
cleaning
canal
closure should be
arranged
during
available
canal
closure
time.
require
If
use
cofferdam
or
construct
temporary
bypass
arrangement
continue
water
to
canal
supply
as
routine.
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Hazards
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Consequences
Probability
of occurrence of
(Severity-
occurrence
L,M,H)
(L, M, H)
Batching
Deteriorate
plant
ambient
Risk
(L, M, H)
the Risk
-Select
air
Risk
batching L
quality
(M)
or construct zero
emission plant
-should not operate
outside
working
the
workers
(breathing
-Provide
smoke L
suffocation and
diseases
camp
respiratory tract
-Cutting
(H)
burning
and
of
trees
shall be prohibited
Road
Casualty,
accidents
serious
due
M
injury,
to damage
to
-prepared
implement
and L
Traffic
Management Plan
construction
infrastructure
as
work
(H)
EIA.
suggested
in
activities
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Hazards
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Consequences
Probability
of occurrence of
(Severity-
occurrence
L,M,H)
(L, M, H)
Adverse
Extra burden on M
Social
existing welfare
Cause
Risk
(L, M, H)
the Risk
Improve
and L
increase
the
capacity
of
available
existing
Risk
the requirement of
the country
additional users.
(H)
Run
campaign
within
the
camp
and
labour
local
community to make
people aware of the
cause,
mode
transmission
consequences
of
and
of
communicable
diseases
e.g.
HIV/AIDS etc
L: Low;
7.16
M: Medium;
H: High
TRAINING MODULE
The training will be given to the different professional groups separately such as manager
level group, work supervisors, skilled/unskilled labour etc. The training will helps to insure
the Project worker understood and followed the IEE and EMP. A Trainging plan of 10
sessions which will be finalized before the commencement of the project is given below
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Training Plan
Trainee
Trainer
Contents
Schedule
EU Specialists;
Before
Environmentalist
aspects,
construction
Consultatnt
of
Supervision
Consultatnt
particularly
activities
staff,
Environmentalist
Before
of
aspects,
during
Supervision
Consultant
engineers,
particularly
the
construction
Wildlife
stage
and
vegetation
Environment,
social,
health
safety
project;
and
and
staff.
Mitigation measures;
Consultants:
Managerial staff and
Contingency plan;
engineers
Community issues;
Social and cultural values
of the area
Construction crew
Environmentalist
EMMP;
Before
of
during
plan
construction
Supervision
Consultant
and
Environmental
Officer
and
stage
of
Contractor
Drivers
Environmental
Officer
of
Contractor
Before
and
Road restrictions;
during
the
Vehicle restrictions;
construction
Defensive driving;
Waste disposal;
Social and cultural values
of the area.
Camp staff
Environmental
Officer
Contractor
of
HSE plan;
Before
and
Camp operation
during
the
Waste disposal
construction
Natural resource
conservation
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Trainee
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Trainer
Contents
Schedule
Housekeeping
Restoration team
Environmentalist
Waste disposal;
Before
of
Site restoration;
start of the
restoration
borrow area
activity
Supervision
Consultatnt
7.17
the
The cost provided in this section is based on the information available at up-dating feasibility
level, which may be amended at detail design stage.
7.17.1 Environmental Monitoring Cost
River water should be tested on quarterly basis at the barrage during barrage structure
repair, motorization for gate operating system and bela excavation activities. Samples
should be collected from upstream and downstream of the barrage during the construction
phase. The samples should be tested for all the parameters of WHO drinking water
standard, NEQS and FAO water quality standards. The approximate cost of monitoring of
river water quality, assuming 3 years of construction phase is Rs. 1,650,000.
Dissolve
Oxygen, pH and Electric Conductivity (EC) of the river water should be monitored on
monthly basis during construction phase.
Groundwater should be tested at quarterly basis. Testing is also required at the start of the
project before using the groundwater as a source of water supply. The samples should be
collected from all the sources of groundwater use by the contractor onsite i.e. hand pumps,
tubewell etc. The parameters need to be tested include WHO drinking water standard and
FAO agriculture standards. The approximate cost of monitoring the groundwater over 3
years of construction phase at quarterly basis (considering one source only) is Rs. 500,000.
Air quality should be monitored at quarterly basis and When required at work activities. The
parameters for air quality monitoring include but not limited to carbon monoxide, NOx, SOx
and particulate matter. The approximate cost of Ambient Air Monitoring over 3 years of
construction phase is Rs. 800,000. Noise should be monitored 3 times on each working day
at every noise producing activity. The approximate cost of the Noise monitoring is Rs.
50,000.
The approximate total cost of the monitoring of the physical environmental parameters is
Rs.3.0 million. The cost includes the man months of environmentalist for analyzing of the
results and report writing by an environmentalist.
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Table 7.2
IEE Report
Environmental
Quality
Air Quality
Dust Monitoring
Noise Monitoring
Parameters
Details of Location
At 40m radius of
Batching
Plant
(determine
the
dominate air direction
PM10,
CO, and
carry
out
CO2 NOx, SOx monitoring
at
downstream of air
flow), at LMB and
RMB
near
the
settlements
At Borrowing area
At the barrage
PM10
Labour camp
Along
Embankments
At the barrage
At Barrage Pond
area,
approximately 5m
Noise
from the working
site/machinery
At the borrowing
site (s)
Standards /
Guidelines
Frequency
Responsibility
Duration
USEPA, WHO
Quarterly basis
Contractor
Construction for
24 hours or one
full working day
USEPA, WHO
Quarterly
When required
Contractor
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Environmental
Quality
Surface
Quality
Parameters
Details of Location
At
upstream
and
downstream of the
barrage / Work area
Full Suite of
and effluent from
contaminants
labour
camp
given in main
wastewater
before
Water report of EIA
discharge into the
(in ch. 4)
river or other water
body
Standards /
Guidelines
Frequency
Responsibility
Duration
NEQS &
WAPDA
Irrigation
Standards
Quarterly Basis
Contractor
Monthly Basis
Contractor
Contractor
NEQS
At
upstream
and
DO, EC, pH
WAPDA
downstream of the
and TDS
Irrigation
Barrage / work area
Standards
Groundwater
&
Groundwater
All the groundwater
(Suite
of
WHO drinking
extraction points use
Quarterly Basis
Contaminants
water standard
by the contractor
given in EIA)
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Tank connected in series. The capacity of each chamber should have minimum one day
waste water discharge from the site facilities. The cost of this item is included in the
contractors contractual obligations.
If collected wastewater from site setup i.e. Batching Plant, contractors camp, effluent
collected from waste storage area etc are discharge into the river then it should be tested for
NEQS standard and confirmed the levels of the contaminates are within the acceptable
level. The allocated cost for this testing is Rs. 250,000.
7.17.6 Site Visits by Authorities & Regulators
Inspections by stakeholder and concern bodies for example WWF, Wildlife, Forest or Fishery
Officers etc should be facilitated on site to ensure them the implementation of relevant laws.
The approximate cost of this item is Rs. 500,000.
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Table 7.3
Activity
Cost (millionRs)
3.0
Training Cost
0.5
0.9
Emergency Plan
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
10.0
Total
17.4
The above cost will be borne by the Contract as per the contract provision.
Contractors Obligation
The following conditions should be included in the Tender Document followed by the
Contract Document as essential clauses:
Clause regarding disposal of waste construction material
The Contractor shall in consultation with the supervising consultant and with the approval of
Supervision Consultant of the Project, select and abide by the selection, a site for disposal of
waste construction material as well as the material used for construction of coffer dam.
Contravention to this clause may tantamount to contravention to contract and the Contractor
will be responsible of removing the material dumped on a wrong site, at his own expense as
early as possible. In case of delay, the contractor will pay a fine, suggested by the
supervision consultant, for his negligence.
Clause
regarding
adjustment
with
unstable
locations
appearing
during
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modifications and changes in the design to stabilize the situation such as change in the
depth of foundation. Contractor will not make any changes in the specification without
express approval of Supervision Consultant. Contravention to this provision will mean
unauthorized construction carried out for which RE will issue dismantling orders.
Clause regarding Location of Labour Camps, Material
Dumps / Depots,
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All such spots where there is a possibility of scouring of earthen embankments or concrete
work edge as mentioned in the Tender Document and quality included in this Construction
Contract, the Contractor shall protect by protection walls and stone rip-rap work, failing
which the payment of the Contractor shall be with-held.
Clause regarding discharge spill or dumping on any building, House, graveyard,
archaeological site (established or newly Found), unstable slopes, un-compacted
embankment or leaking into construction area
The Contractor shall be contractually bound to not to allow or cause discharge spill or
dumping on any building house, graveyard, archaeological site (established or newly found),
unstable slopes, un-compacted embankment or leakage of material/waste into the
construction area. Any such failure shall be duly noted by Supervision Consultant during site
inspections and contractor shall immediately remedy the situation failing which the payment
of the contractor shall be with-held and the damage so caused shall be debited to
contractors account under the contractual provisions.
Clause regarding Diesel and other fluids spilling over to River water from
Construction Machinery
The Contractor shall ensure that his construction machinery is always in first class working
order and no spilling of Diesel or any other fluids into the River, is caused by the defective
machinery of the Contractor. For any such spill the Contractor shall pay the environmental
compensation to be assessed by Supervision Consultant and the said amount shall be
debited towards the payment of the Contractor.
Clause Regarding Protection of Construction Work From Floods
The Contractor shall, throughout the construction work, manage to keep an eye on the flood
position of the barrage and shall remain in touch with Flood Control Centre and remain
equipped with means and equipment for taking protective measures to protect the works
under construction. Irrigation and Power Department shall not be responsible for any
damage caused by floods and any works washed away shall be reconstructed by the
Contractor at his own cost within the tenure of the contract.
Clause regarding providing proper diversion of water from downstream
The Contractor shall, in consultation with Supervision Consultant provide proper diversion to
water flowing downstream and by requesting the Barrage Management opening and closing
the main barrage gates and by collaboration with local communities especially the
Fishermen community as per SFA and preparing them for any such diversions or closures.
Losses caused to construction work due poor or mismanaged river flow diversion shall be
considered as negligence on the part of contractor any damages or losses caused due to
this negligence shall be borne by the contractor.
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Clause regarding control on air quality by not allowing Machinery to cause dust,
locate his material depots and spoil dump as far away from the villages/community
Deras as possible.
(b)
keep all such materials covered for effective control of the fugitive dust.
Failing to do the Contractor will bear the cost which may have to be incurred on arranging
remedy to defaults.
Clause regarding use of outdated machinery
The Contractor shall obtain a certificate from Vehicle Examiner working under the
Supervision Consultant but paid by the Contractor, that all the machinery employed is either
new or in first class fitness condition so as not to cause smoke or oil leakages. Supervision
Consultant will not allow the use of any outdated machinery.
Clause to Protect the Biological Resources
The Contract will ensure that:a) Unnecessary and out of bound activities/movements are not done outside the
campus allotted to him for setting-up the labour camp, material depots and
machinery yard etc.
b) No fire arms are carried by any of the employees or labour.
c) All Forest, Wildlife and Fisheries Laws are fully respected and abided by the
Contractor and his work force.
d) The Biodiversity is respected and saved on its terrestrial, aquatic and aerial habitats.
e) Necessary sign boards indicating boundaries of the barrage pond area are displayed
to make labour, visitors and members of public to remind them of their obligations
towards Biota.
f)
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g) Communities are given awareness and are involved in proper protection of the Biota
inside and around the Project site.
Clause regarding respect for Socio-economic and Cultural Values and heritage
The Contractor shall be bound to:(a)
(b)
Ensure the Contractor or his employees remain above the local Tribal tensions
especially the disputes over distribution of canal water and use of aquatic life.
(c)
(d)
e)
Ensure that no damage or adverse effect is caused to archaeological sites (in case
find on site) graveyards and burial places.
Clause regarding Public Safety, Health and Safety at Construct Site, including
measures against HIV/AID and Life insurance.
The Contractor shall:a. Put up temporary but prominent sign boards in all of the project activity area warning
people against likely hazards which can be caused due to certain activities. (Also to
be reflected in SFA).
b. Arrange to run a proper campaign in the labour camp, to make people aware of the
causes, mode of transmission and consequences of HIV/AIDS.
c. Strengthen the existing Basic Health Unit (BHU) for the benefit of the labour as well
as the surrounding villages.
d. Ensure proper cleanliness and hygienic conditions at labour camps by ensuring a
clean mess, proper drainage and suitable disposal of solid waste. Inoculation against
Cholera will be arranged at intervals as recommended by Health Department.
e. Keep all the camps, offices, material depots, machinery yards and work site open for
the inspection of health and safety measures, and related documents and include in
the contract document the text regarding accessibility to the camps etc.
f. Provide proper overall, helmet and field boots and earplugs to work as a precaution
against any mishap, and interlink various parts of the construction complex with local
wireless telephones also fitted the vehicles.
g. Provide a group insurance cover to the workers and labour on study on site or in the
camp, against accidents, mishaps or loss of life on duty.
Clause regarding employment of Locals in the construction work
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The Contractor as an obligation of the Contract will employ, subject to availability and work
ability, maximum number of local labour for construction work.
Clause regarding impact due to material and waste left behind when construction
or dismantling Cofferdam(s)
A careful planning of construction and dismantling is the Contractors contractual obligation.
It is his further obligation to remove all left over material and construction waste. The
contractor shall ensure that turbidity / dissolved oxygen will not exceed from the acceptable
levels during construction or dismantling of cofferdam(s). Contractor will consult with the
environmentalist from the supervising consultant to get approval of the process of
constructing / dismantling of cofferdam(s). It is also obligation of the contractor to remove at
least 70% of the cofferdam construction. Furthermore, all removable sheet piles, if any, will
be completely removed or at least underwater cut at river bed level after completing the
construction activities. Failure to complete the task will liable the contractor to deduct total
cost of the sheet pile left, as well as the cost of the construction of cofferdam left behind
lesser than 70%. Disposal site(s) for the dismantled cofferdam(s) will be finalized by RE and
EU.
7.18
CONCLUSION
The potential impacts of the project are associated with only the construction phase of the
project and all of these impacts are temporary and reversible in nature. These impacts can
be mitigated through the proper implementation of the EMP. Therefore it is concluded that
the project is environmentally friendly, financially viable, economically sustainable,
genderally neutral and pro-poverty alleviation.
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Figure 7.1
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CHAPTER 8:
8.1
PUBLIC CONSULTATION
GENERAL
According to the IEE and EIA Review Regulations 2000, public consultation is mandatory for
IEE study. It is also mandatory for the projects classified as category B project and AOI
include environmental sensitive area under the ADB Environment Policy.
8.3
CONSULTATION METHODOLOGY
8.3.1
Stakeholder Identification
They are grouped into the following main categories
i.
Local Communities
ii.
iii.
Civil Societies
iv.
The groups or institutions identified as stakeholder under each category are listed below
I.
Local Communities
a) Local labour (landless)
b) Farmers of all land holding categories
c) Fishing communities
d) Female-head household
e) Small business owner
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II.
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Government
There can be many departments who can be indirectly related to the project but those who
have high relevance include;
a) Punjab Irrigation Department (including both top and low ranked officers
and staff)
b) Punjab Forest Department, Wildlife, Fisheries Department
c) EPA
III.
Civil Society Institution that may have relevance to the Project includes various
NGOs working in the construction and social development
IV.
Private sector bodies can be commercial e.g. plantation manager, fishing contractors
etc
8.3.2
Consultation Process and Technology
Public Consultation has been conducted in two phase once during the early stage,
reconnaissance survey and once during the preparation of IEE. Consultation with
stakeholder will also be carried out throughout the Project cycle and by different member of
the team at different stages of the study. Consultation process includes focus group
discussion, village meetings and semi-structured interviews and one to one meeting or
interviewed in the case of government, private and civil society institutions. During the
consultation process, the stakeholders was briefed about the project objectives and scope.
Their fears and suggestions was recorded. Women consultations was undertaken, under
Gender analysis and explained about the benefits of the project.
All meetings and discussion were held during day time on working days to ensure the
availability and participation of the group/individual being consultant. The consultation is
sensitive to the local language and cultural needs and wherever expatriate staff is involved
local interpreters will be used, as the staff observed local norms.
Local community and Wildlife and Fishry department has been consulted under phase I
public consultation and their point of view and information provided are included in this
study. The details of the consultations are summarized in Table-8.2.
8.4
1
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Name of Canal
IEE Report
Status of Canal
Pakpattan Canal
Perennial
31-Dec to 16-Jan
Fordwah Canal
Non-Perennial
15 Oct to 15 April
Sadiqia Canal
Perennial
31-Dec to 16-Jan
explained
that project aimed at rehabilitating the Sulemanki Barrage and increase the capacity of
the barrage by strengthening embankments, Barrage structure and
within the pond area of the barrage. The local community was informed about the
surface water quality and the water quality of the existing hand pump is not fit for
drinking purpose without any treatment as identified in the baseline study.
3
Eliminate the fears that the large number of workers and labour will be brought by the
contractor from outside the project area and ensure them that an opportunity of
employment generated by the project shall be availed by the people of the area.
It was clarified that no access roads or public paths damage or alter for the contractor(s)
activities i.e. labour camp, material depot, machinery yard etc.
It has been ensured to the local community that maximum employment will be offered to the
local labour/workers.
i.
Fishermen of the community believe that the construction activities would not put
adverse effects on fishing industry as most of the Project activities schedule within
half kilometer of upstream and downstream of the barrage structure which is a
prohibited area for fishing. However the strengthening of the embankments work will
raise the noise level of the surrounding area and could effect the fishing activities
next to the embankments.
ii.
Question was passed by the community that presence of some 1000 male members
of labour from general locality of project will not only restrict the chances of women
employment, but also cause moral and social problems for the free movement of
local women folk in the area. It was clarified that strict discipline would be exercised
on the labour force by providing stringent clauses in the contract document. To cut
out the possibility of any moral issues or Communicable diseases spread, a well
organized campaign shall be run.
iii.
Road and kacha paths within the project areas would expose to the heavy traffic due
to Project activities. This could raise the road accident and deterioration rate of the
roads. It was clarified that due sinology and traffic management plan would be put
into operation to minimize the impacts.
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iv.
IEE Report
With arrival of about 1000 additional persons, the price of accommodation in project
area and Sulemanki Barrage markets would go up, and price index would go
unfriendly for the local villagers. It was clarified that a Labour Camp will be
constructed to accommodate for workers. It was also explained to the local
community by some trade oriented people that instead of rise in price those would fall
because larger market activities reduce the profit margin and price. More economical
activities and better employment opportunities will be available for local community
due to the rehabilitation of the barrage. This will help in lowering the poverty line in
the area.
8.5.1
Public Hearing
This public hearing paragraph is a dummy to indicate the type of text required in the report.
This will be replaced by actual text when EPA Punjab holds hearing. The public hearings will
provide a forum for the post submission consultation on the EIA. The Punjab EPA within 10
days of the submission of the EIA will publish a public notice in any English or Urdu national
newspaper and in a local news paper for general circulation of the area affected by the
project.
The EPA will fix the date (not be earlier than 30 days from the date of publication of the
public notice) and venue for the public hearing.
The circulation of the EIA report, gathering of comments on the EIA and ensuring public
participation during public hearing will be the responsibilities of the Punjab EPA. The public
hearing will preferably be held at the town/city nearest to the project area with representative
from the government agencies, academic and prominent NGOs attending.
During the project implementation the consultation of the local community will occur at many
forum by different members of the project. These consultations will be done during
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construction & operational phase of the project, for capacity building and implementing
agricultural extension. These consultations will be provided the forum continuously gathering
concerns of the local communities during project implementation.
A Social Frame Work Agreement (SFA) will be signed through mutual open consent
between the local village leaders and designated official of PID. An outline of SFA is given
below.
8.5.2
Epa Approval
The EIA report duly reconciled with PMO has been submitted to EPA Punjab for obtaining
No Objection Certificate (NOC). A cheque of Rs. 30,000.00 has been also deposited along
with the report by the consultant to EPA through PMO for conducting a Public Hearing. The
approval from EPA (NOC-No Objection Certificate) for the Project is mandatory requirement
before its commencement.
Social Framework Agreement
1. This is a Draft Social Framework Agreement between an official representing the
Irrigation and Power Department (I&P Department), Government of Punjab and the
villagers Committee, whose names have been inscribed below in their presence and
full consent.
Sr. No.
of
Village
1.
Village
Fathers Name
1.
2.
2.
1.
2.
3.
1.
2.
4.
1.
2.
5.
1.
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2.
6.
1.
2.
7.
1.
2.
8.
1.
2.
9.
1.
2.
Name
Signatures/TI
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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8
9
10
Shall not occupy any agriculture land or acquire any other land during the
construction of the project.
ii) Shall not cause any damage or reduction in the water supply in the canals during
the construction period of the project, except in case of force majeure e.g. high
floods, strong storms or any other act of God
iii) Shall not cause any disturbance to the wildlife, wetland, archeological heritage or
a place of worship
iv) Shall not interfere in the social political or tribal balance of the area.
v) Shall wherever possible, facilitate better services and supplies to the area e.g.
schooling, health, awareness on epidemic and communicable diseases,
electricity and road/rail communication.
4. Also, by mutual consent it is agreed that all the villagers residing in the area
influencing project (name of the villages listed in para 1 above), collectively and
severally:
i)
Shall not interfere in the location of labour camps, material depots, equipment
yards and all the approach roads to be used during project construction phase,
all of which will be located on the lands of I&P department
ii)
Shall not interfere if the I&P department decides to shift the construction of
works elsewhere on a more suitable site as long as the activity remains on I&P
departments own land
iii) Shall not receive any discharge of water slurry or oil spills to any graveyard or
archaeological site
iv) Shall not cause any damage to wildlife or forest resources of any wildlife reserve
and no villagers will be involved in killing, poaching or illegal hunting
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v) Shall not allow reduction or official interference in our existing services and
facilities e.g. education, health, electricity, water supply, religious and social
congregations
vi) Agree that in case the contractor wishes to obtain some material from the private
lands or wishes to make use of any piece of land outside the PID land that would
invoke a new agreement between the villagers and the contractor and I&P
department or Govt. of the Punjab shall not be involved in that in any way
vii) Agree to respect and observe the cautions on the sign boards displayed by
project authorities and shall not remove or cause to be removed any signboards
or installations put up by I&P or their representatives
This SFA has been signed this ________________ day of ______________, at __________
Signatures
Signatures
Resident Engineer
Counter signed
Signature
Designated Official of PID
(full name and address)
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IEE Report
This section describes mechanism to receive and facilitate the resolution of local community
concerns and grievances. This explains the procedures and process of entering the
complaints of affected people and accordingly their redressal mechanism. The local
community will be fully informed of their rights and of the procedures for addressing
complaints whether verbally or in writing during a continuous consultations process during
the project implementation. It is preferred that local community will need to enter their
complaints / concerns on a Grievance Redress Register (GRR) consisting the minimum
information of name and address of complainer(s), description of complaint(s), action taken,
status of resolution of complaints and other necessary information / record and also record
the reasons if issue(s) remain un-settled.
All relevant efforts will be made to avoid or minimize the extent of grievances prior to treat
under the redress process. This can be obtained through the regular consultations and
implementation of the EMP, ensuring full participation of the community and coordination
between the community, the PMO and other concerned Departments.
The GRC will include the following members:
GRC Composition
i). Concerned Executive Engineer/ DD (PID) - Convener
ii). DD (Environment) - Member
iii). Environmentalist from the Supervision Consultant - Member
iv). Representative of the community - Member
To minimize the discomfort of the people, the GRC will be available at grass-root level to the
local community. The PIU will be responsible to inform the DPs/ local community about the
process and procedures of GR mechanism by pasting the information at prominent places.
The complaints will be registered by maintaining a Grievance Redress Register (GRR),
where the name & address of complainer, date, description of complaint and action taken
will be entered.
Similarly, the issues/ community concerns relating to the land will be addressed through the
Revenue Department and or can also be referred to GRC, while issues other than land will
be directly redressed by the PIU at field level (District) and can also be placed with GRC. If
issues are still unsettled, will be forwarded to the PD (PMO) and finally consult an
appropriate court of law.
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committee;
ii). If the issue still unsettled, a grievance can then be lodged to the GRC who will have
Affected person must lodge the complaint within one month of lodging the original
complaint with the GRC, and must produce documents supporting his/ her claim. The
PD (PMO) will provide the decision within 3 weeks after registering a complaint.
iv). In case, the grievance redress system does not satisfy the affected people or
community, then they can pursue further by submitting their case to the appropriate
court of law in accordance with the Section 18 to 22 of the LAA 1894.
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Meeting Place
Date
Participants
Main Concern
Replies
The benefits from the project to the Protection from flood, Leakage of
local community
Local
residence
of
about 10 persons
opportunities
to
the
local
Staff
2
Local
Fishing
Department office
11/7/09
from
Fishing
department
and
fishing
about
attended
contractors
8
persons
that
maximum
Suleimanki Barrage
IEE Report
Wildlife
District
Department
Wildlife
Office
at 11/7/09
Officer
Okara
and
Wildlife habitat adversely impacted It was explained that all the wildlife,
due to the construction activities
implemented
Suleimanki
Barrage
Consultant
site
will be
to
avoid
health
facility,
electricity etc
of
water
would
be
pollution.
Chak Abdalka
Local villagers and Projects heavy traffic may damage It was clarified that due measures
Union
farmers
Jhindhka
Council 16/11/09
persons
about
10 the roads and kacha paths of the will be taken that canal will run as
area
inundation
water level,
or
water
213
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activities
Vegetation clearing or tree uprooting plants will be planted near the work
may cause adverse impact on the area for every one tree uprooted for
wildlife.
Head
5
Office
Wildlife
Departmen
at
Lahore
improved
Bahti
Public
by
Park
planting
will
be
different
Enviornment Team -
PIAIP Consultant
operational
phase
of
the
IUCN
Islamabad
Office
27/2/12
Muhammad Akhtar
Cheema IUCN
(Manager Islamabad
Office)
Asim Mahmood
ADB
Dr. Ashraf Bodla and
Project
was
briefed
to
the
wetland
in
the
emphasized by IUCN.
socity
214
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WWF
Islamabad
Office
27/2/12
briefed
to
the
215
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WWF
Office
Lahore
8/3/12
WWF
Lahore
Office
Asim Mahmood
ADB
216
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217
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Appendices
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APPENDIX-2.1
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
STANDARDS
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Appendix 2.1
National Environemntal Quality Standards
Determinant
Limit
Temperature
40 deg Centigrade
pH
6 and <10 pH
BOD
80 mg/l
150 mg/l
200 mg/l
3500 mg/l
10 mg/l
20 mg/l
Ammonia
40 mg/l
Chlorine
1.00 mg/l
Chloride
1000 mg/l
Sulphate
600 mg/l
Manganese (Mn)
1.50 mg/l
Chromium (Cr)
1.00 mg/l
Copper (Cu)
1.00 mg/l
Lead (Pb)
0.50 mg/l
Mercury (Hg)
0.01 mg/l
Selenium (Se)
0.50 mg/l
Nickel (Ni)
1.00 mg/l
Silver (Ag)
1.00 mg/l
Zinc (Zn)
5.00 mg/l
Barium (Ba)
1.50 mg/l
Iron (Fe)
8.00 mg/l
Chlorine
1.00 mg/l
Phenol Compounds
0.1mg/l
Cyanide (Cn)
1.0mg/l
Cadmium (Cd)
0.1mg/l
Arsenic (As)
1.0mg/l
2.0mg/l
Boron
6.00mg/l
NESPAK-ABB-DMC
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APPENDIX-3.1
CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE
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APPENDIX-4.1
SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND TEST RESULTS
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Monitoring Report
Environmental Assessment at Sulemanki Barrage
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List of Contents
1.
Introduction
1.1. Sampling Location
1.2. Study Objectives
1.3. Scope of Services
1.3.1. Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
1.3.2. Noise Level Monitoring
1.3.3. Water Sampling
1 . 3 . 3 . 1 A n a l ys i s P a r a m e t e r s :
2.
Methodology
2.1. Ambient Air Quality
2.1.1. Sampling and Analysis of Particulate Matter
3.
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List of Tables:
Table 1: Ground Water
Table 2: Surface Water
Table 3: Work Plan
Table 4: Methodology of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Table 5: Summary of Special Handling Requirements for Ground / Surface Water Samples
Table 6: Methods Used for Analysis
Table 7: Average Obtained Concentrations of Priority Pollutants
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List of Figures:
Figure 1: Project Location
Figure 2: Sampling Location
Figure 3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Figure 4: Noise Level Monitoring at Irrigation
Figure 5: Noise Level Monitoring at Sulamanki Barrage
Figure 6: Ground Water Sampling from Haveli Lakha
Figure 7: Surface Water Sampling from Right Under Sluice
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List of Annexes:
Annexure I
Meteorological Data
Annexure II
Annexure III
Annexure IV
Annexure V
Annexure VI
Standards
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1.
IEE Report
Introduction
National Engineering Services Pakistan (Pvt) Limited (NESPAK) is one of the leading
engineering consultancies of the Pakistan. NESPAK is conducting project for
rehabilitation and up gradation of Sulemanki barrage funded by Asian Development Bank.
Services of SGS Pakistan (Pvt) Ltd were engaged to develop baseline of the project site
and surroundings. This report is prepared on the basis of field survey carried out from
November 10 to 11, 2009 for ambient air quality, weather conditions, noise level
monitoring, ground and surface water sampling from advised locations.
1.1.
S amp li ng L oc at ion
The project location for Sulemanki barrage rehabilitation and up gradation is given as
Figu r e 1. The site selected for ambient air quality and noise level monitoring was at
Sulemanki Barrage. The monitoring was carried out at the selected sites for the duration of
24 hrs. Water samples were collected from advised sampling locations in order to
determine the water quality of the area. Three surface water samples were collected from
right under sluice, left under sluice and BS link fall into the Sutlj River respectively.
Ground water sample was collected from the village located in the vicinity of the project
site. The photographs of the sampling is given in Figur e 6 a nd 7.
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1.2.
IEE Report
Study Objectives
The main objective of the study was to monitor ambient air quality, recording sound level
and analyze the ground and surface water samples to examine the environmental
conditions and water quality of the project site and its surroundings. The obtained data is
compared with standards attached as Annexure- VI of the report.
1.3.
Scope of Services
1.3.1.
In accordance to USEPA National Ambient Air Quality standards the following priority
pollutants would be monitored in the ambient air of the study area:
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2)
Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2)
Particulate Matter (PM1 0 )
In addition to above mentioned parameters, the weather conditions were also monitored in
order to interpret ambient air quality. For the purpose following parameters would be
monitored:
Ambient Temperature
Relative Humidity
Barometric Pressure
Wind Direction
Wind Velocity
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1.3.2.
IEE Report
Noise level using portable digital sound meter was monitored at following advised sites:
At Barrage
Irrigation Colony
1.3.3
Water Sampling
Water samples were collected from advised sampling points and were submitted to SGS
chemical and microbiological labs for analysis according to parameters as per contract.
1. 3. 3. 1
The collected water samples were analyzed for following list of parameters according to US
EPA and APHA approved methods.
Table 1: Ground Water
Test Type
Physical
Parameter
Odor
Color
Taste
Chemical
Biological
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Test Type
Parameter
Physical
Chemical
Biological
Odor
Color
Taste
Electrical Conductivity
(EC)
Total Dissolved Solids
(TDS)
Total Suspended Solids
(TSS)
Nitrate
Grease & Oil
Chloride (Cl)
Sulphate
Turbidity
Fluoride
Magnesium
Iron
Nickel
Manganese
Zinc
Copper
Chromium
Mercury
Lead
Silver
Selenium
Barium
BODs
COD
Sodium Absorption Ratio
(SAR)
Residual Sodium
Carbonate (RSC)
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1. 4.
IEE Report
Work Pl an
In order to cover the above scope of work, following schedule was planned and followed:
Table 3: Work Plan
Sr.#
Intervention Date
Monitoring
Haveli
Lakha
Activity
Sulemanki
Barrage
Irrigation
Colony
and Sampling
Location
Right Under
Sluice
Left Under
Sluice
Just After the
BS Link Fall
into Sutlj River
Nov.10 to Nov.11,2009
Ambient Air
Quality
Monitoring
Nov.10 to Nov.11,2009
Weather
Conditions
Nov.10 to Nov.11,2009
Noise Level
Monitoring
Nov.11 ,2009
Ground Water
Sampling
Nov.11,2009
Surface Water
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2.
IEE
Methodology
Am b ie nt Ai r Q u al it y
Ambient air quality was monitored with the help of Mobile Air Quality Station equipped
with the state of the art ambient air analyzers.
Selection of sampling points was made considering the wind direction at the advised
sampling sites. The methodology adopted for ambient air quality monitoring is as follows:
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Monitoring Technique
Measurement
Range
Method
USEPA
Designated
Method RFCA0981-054
Pulsed Fluorescent
Analyzer
USEPA
Designated
Method EQSA0486-060
0 50 ppb
0 1000 ppm
USEPA
Designated
Method RFNA1289-074
0 50 ppb
0 1000 ppm
Chemiluminescent
Analyzer
High Volume Sampler
Particulate
Matter
(PM1 0)
40 CFR 50,
App. B
(US-EPA)
0 100
Lowest
Detection
Limit
0.01 ppm
1 ppb
1 ppb
2 750 g/m
2 g/m
PM10
PM10
PM10
PM10
then the collected sample was preserved in protective holder which was transported to
SGS lab for further analysis under standard environmental conditions.
2.2.
Meteorological Conditions
In addition to the advised parameters for ambient air quality, weather conditions were
also monitored continuously for 24 hours with the help of mobile weather station.
Selection of sampling points was made considering the wind direction at the advised
sampling site.
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2.3.
IEE
Noise level was monitored at the advised sampling points for 24 hours with interval of 1
second and hourly average data is reported. The sound level was monitored with the help
of potable Digital sound meter (RION, Model NL 31, IEC60051 TYPE 1 IE60804 TYPE 1
JIS C 1505).
One ground and three surface water samples were collected from advised sampling
points in the surroundings of the project site. Water samples were collected according to
the SOP based on the recognized methods of United State Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA) and American Public Health Administration (APHA) for water sampling
and analysis.
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Container
Maximum Storage
Preservation
Sample
Size (ml)
Recommended /
Regulatory
BOD5
P, G
1000
COD
P, G
100
CHLORINE, Residual
P, G
500
ANALYZE IMMEDIATELY
0.5 HR / 02 HRS
COLOR
P, G
500
REFRIGERATE
48 HRS / 48 HRS
CONDUCTIVITY
P, G
500
REFRIGERATE
28 DAYS / 28 DAYS
FLUORIDE
300
NONE REQUIRED
28 DAYS / 28 DAYS
G, wide mouth
calibrated
1000
HARDNESS
P, G
METALS, General
P (A), G (A)
Mercury
P (A), G (A)
500
P, G
500
Nitrogen
Ammonia
100
REFRIGERATE @ 4 oC
REFRIGERATE @ 4 oC ANALYZE
ASAP OR ADD H2SO4 TO pH <2
06 HRS / 48 DAYS
07 DAYS / 28 DAYS
28 DAYS / 28 DAYS
06 MON / 06 MON
06 MON / 06 MON
28 DAYS / 28 DAYS
07 DAYS / 28 DAYS
ANALYZE ASAP OR
Nitrate
P, G
100
REFRIGERATE, OR FREEZE AT
48 HRS / 48 HRS
20 C
Nitrate + Nitrite
P, G
200
NONE / 28 DAYS
ANALYZE ASAP OR
Nitrite
P, G
100
REFRIGERATE, OR FREEZE AT
NONE / 48 HRS
20 C
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Minimum
Determination
Container
Maximum Storage
Preservation
Sample
Size (ml)
Odor
pH
P, G
Solids
500
Recommended /
Regulatory
06 HRS
ANALYZE IMMEDIATELY
02 HRS / 02 HRS
P, G
REFRIGERATE
Sulfate
P, G
REFRIGERATE
28 DAYS / 28 DAYS
Sulfide
P, G
100
Temperature
P, G
Turbidity
P, G
28 DAYS / 28 DAYS
-/-
48 HRS / 48 HRS
P : Plastic Container G
: Glass Bottle
2.4.2
The collected water samples were labeled and assigned a unique sample identification
number, sampling date and time of collection to collected samples. All the relevant
information (sampling location, time of collection, sample identification, temperature, pH,
collected by, preservation techniques etc) was recorded immediately on the Chain of
Custody form signed by SGS field Analyst.
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2.4.3
IEE
Analysis Methods
The collected ground and surface water samples were analyzed according to following
methods:
Table 6: Methods Used for Analysis
Sr.#
Parameter
Method / Technique
1 Temperature
Thermometer
2 pH
Reference Method
USEPA, APHA
APHA
ASTM
Solvent extraction
Colourimetry
USEPA, APHA
9 Chloride
Wet chemistry
USEPA, APHA
10 Fluoride
Ion selective/colourimetry
USEPA, APHA
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
APHA
ASTM
ASTM
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
APHA
ASTM
ASTM
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
USEPA, APHA
Titrimitery
USEPA, APHA
APHA
Cyanide
Anionic detergents
Sulphate
Sulphide
Ammonia
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Lead
Mercury
Nickel
Silver
Zinc
Arsenic
Iron
Manganese
Nitrates
Turbidity
29 Dissolved Oxygen
30 Chlorine
Wet chemistry
ASTM
USEPA, APHA
ASTM
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3.
IEE
Monitoring of ambient air quality, weather, noise level and water quality was carried out at
advised sampling points. The monitoring results are given in Annexure I to V. The results
of ambient air quality monitored for 24 hrs are given in Annexure II of the report. USEPA
(United State Environmental Protection Agency) and Draft National Environmental Quality
Standards (NEQS) of Pak EPA for ambient air quality were used for comparison. The
copy of USEPA and Pak-EPA ambient air quality standards is attached as Annexure VI
of the report. The average concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) for 8 hrs according to
the USEPA standard should not exceed from 9ppm while for Pak EPA 5 mg/m3. The
levels obtained at monitoring site for 24 hrs averages were 3.19 ppm and 3.98 mg/m 3
which lie well within the limits specified in both the standards for CO. Similarly average
concentrations of nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide was found at 8.48 ppb (29.18
g/m3) and 5.15ppb (14.72 g/m 3) respectively which are well within the limits defined in
USEPA and Pak-EPA standards. The 24 hrs average particulate matter
found to be 117.32 g/m
g/m
was
PM10
Parameter
Unit
Obtained
Average
Unit
Concentration
Obtained
Duration
Concentration
ppb
8.48
g/m
29.18
24Hours
ppb
5.15
g/m
14.72
24 Hours
ppm
3.19
mg/m
3.98
24 Hours
117.32
g/m
117.32
24 Hours
g/m
Noise level monitoring was conducted at sulamanki barrage and irrigation colony. Results
were attached as Annexure III of the report. The noise level was found in range of 43.4
62.7 dB (Le q . ) .
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One ground water and three surface water samples were collected from advised sampling
points. The water samples were analyzed for chemical and microbiological parameters.
The WHO drinking water guidelines are given in Annexure VI of the report. Microbiological
analysis results of both ground and surface water samples show rich microbial
contamination which makes them unfit for human consumption. The results of ground
water analysis were attached as Annexure-IV while that of surface water are attached
Annexure V. All the parameters of ground water sample lie within the limits specified in
WHO guidelines except turbidity, lead and iron content which shows higher concentrations
than the values defined in WHO limits for drinking water. However, it is anticipated that the
concentration of turbidity and iron are high due to assimilation of soil in ground water.
Surface water samples were analyzed according to NEQS parameters. All the parameters
lie within the limits specified in NEQS for surface water. Results were attached as
Annexure-V of the report.
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Annexure I
Meteorological Data
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Meteorological Data
:
:
:
Client
Sampling Point
Date of Intervention
Time
13:00
14:00
15:00
16:00
17:00
18:00
19:00
20:00
21:00
22:00
23:00
24:00
01:00
02:00
03:00
04:00
05:00
06:00
07:00
08:00
09:00
10:00
11:00
12:00
Temp
OC
26
25
23
23
19
17
15
14
14
14
13
13
13
13
11
10
9
9
8
12
16
22
23
25
Wind Dir
E
SW
N
NW
S
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
E
SE
SE
SW
SW
SW
Wind Speed
m/s
2.2
2.0
1.7
0.9
3.7
1.9
1.7
1.1
0.5
0.8
0.4
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.4
0.4
0.9
0.4
2.7
0.4
0.8
2.2
2.5
2.4
Hum
%
42
44
45
45
49
52
57
60
60
62
68
68
69
69
75
74
78
79
80
74
56
44
36
48
Pressure
756.7
756.5
756.5
756.1
755.9
755.7
755.5
755.1
755.2
755.1
754.8
754.6
754.3
754.2
754.0
754.1
754.2
754.4
754.9
754.9
755.2
755.1
754.8
754.6
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Annexure II
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Client
Sampling Point
Date of Intervention
S r. #
T ime
CO (ppm)
NO
(ppb)
NO2
(ppb)
NOX
(ppb)
SO2
(ppb)
13:00
2.6
10.12
8.09
18.21
3.21
14:00
2.2
12.72
4.58
17.30
3.17
15:00
3.1
10.32
9.77
20.09
4.20
16:00
2.7
12.40
13.61
26.01
5.17
17:00
4.2
19.21
5.15
24.36
9.48
18:00
4.3
12.27
17.26
29.53
9.58
19:00
4.0
13.57
6.97
20.54
8.17
20:00
3.8
8.01
4.92
12.93
7.12
21:00
3.6
6.49
4.81
11.30
5.82
10
22:00
3.4
4.80
14.8
19.60
5.30
11
23:00
4.0
10.07
153.31
25.38
4.91
12
24:00
3.3
11.40
5.03
16.43
4.96
13
01:00
3.1
6.08
9.89
15.97
4.62
14
02:00
3.0
6.57
11.64
18.21
4.57
15
03:00
3.0
6.92
5.08
12.00
5.04
16
04:00
2.9
3.75
5.18
8.93
4.30
17
05:00
2.9
2.80
3.52
6.32
3.83
18
06:00
2.8
2.23
7.85
10.08
3.04
19
07:00
2.7
3.83
4.33
8.16
3.52
20
08:00
2.7
2.65
9.66
12.31
2.85
21
09:00
4.3
4.81
12.87
17.68
4.49
22
10:00
2.9
7.70
9.91
17.61
5.51
23
11:00
2.6
7.10
5.34
12.44
5.96
24
12:00
2.5
5.18
8.03
13.21
4.74
236
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
Client
Sampling Point
Date of Intervention
Parameter
Average Obtained
Unit
Duration
LDL
ppb
24Hours
0.01
8.48
ppb
24 Hours
0.01
5.15
ppm
24 Hours
1.0
3.19
24 Hours
117.32
g/m
Concentration
ppb:
LDL:
237
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
Client
Sampling Point
Date of Intervention
Time
CO
3
(mg/m )
NO
3
(g/m )
NO2 (g/m )
NOx
3
(g/m )
SO2 (g/m )
13:00
3.25
13.56
16.58
30.14
9.18
14:00
2.75
17.045
9.39
26.44
9.07
15:00
3.87
13.83
20.03
33.86
12.01
16:00
3.37
16.6
27.90
44.50
14.79
17:00
5.25
25.74
10.56
36.30
27.11
18:00
5.37
16.44
35.38
51.82
27.40
19:00
5.00
18.18
14.29
32.47
23.37
20:00
4.75
10.73
10.09
20.82
20.36
21:00
4.50
8.70
9.86
18.56
16.64
10
22:00
4.25
6.43
30.34
36.77
15.16
11
23:00
5.00
13.50
314.29
327.79
14.04
12
24:00
4.12
15.28
10.31
25.59
14.19
13
01:00
3.87
8.15
20.27
28.42
13.21
14
02:00
3.75
8.80
23.86
32.66
13.07
15
03:00
3.75
9.27
10.41
19.68
14.41
16
04:00
3.625
5.02
10.62
15.64
12.30
17
05:00
3.62
3.75
7.22
10.97
10.95
18
06:00
3.50
2.99
16.09
19.08
8.69
19
07:00
3.37
5.13
8.88
14.01
10.07
20
08:00
3.37
3.55
19.80
23.35
8.15
21
09:00
5.37
6.44
26.38
32.82
12.84
22
10:00
3.62
10.32
20.31
30.63
15.76
23
11:00
3.25
9.51
10.95
20.46
17.05
24
12:00
3.12
6.94
16.46
23.40
13.56
Sr. #
238
SuleimankiBarrage
Report
IEE
Client
Sampling Point
Date of Intervention
g/m
24 Hours
29.18
g/m
24 Hours
14.72
mg/m
24 Hours
3.98
PM
g/m
24 Hours
117.32
10
Duration
Average
Parameter
Concentration
239
SuleimankiBarrage
Report
IEE
Annexure III
SuleimankiBarrage
Report
IEE
:
:
:
Leq(dB)
Lmax(dB)
Lmin(dB)
13:00
60.2
65.1
54.1
14:00
62.7
67.4
56.2
15:00
58.1
64.0
52.1
16:00
60.2
68.2
56.0
17:00
55.5
62.3
50.3
18:00
56.0
60.1
53.1
19:00
53.1
59.2
50.0
20:00
54.7
59.0
51.1
21:00
53.4
58.2
49.2
10
22:00
54.0
62.1
50.0
11
23:00
49.1
57.2
43.7
12
24:00
52.1
58.0
49.1
13
01:00
51.0
59.3
47.3
14
02:00
55.2
63.7
52.4
15
03:00
53.7
60.2
49.7
16
04:00
50.0
58.0
46.0
17
05:00
50.2
57.4
45.1
18
06:00
53.0
62.2
49.2
19
07:00
56.1
64.0
53.4
20
08:00
60.4
67.1
55.1
21
09:00
59.2
68.7
56.7
22
10:00
57.0
65.3
54.2
23
11:00
57.3
64.0
55.3
24
12:00
55.1
63.2
54.0
Sr. #
1
Time
240
SuleimankiBarrage
Report
IEE
241
SuleimankiBarrage
Report
IEE
Time
:
:
:
Leq(dB)
Lmax(dB)
Lmin(dB)
13:00
60.0
65.0
53.0
14:00
62.1
67.1
55.2
15:00
55.7
62.0
57.0
16:00
52.3
60.7
48.3
17:00
59.4
63.9
53.0
18:00
57.0
64.5
52.5
19:00
55.3
59.2
47.2
20:00
49.2
55.1
46.0
21:00
57.2
60.3
57.3
10
22:00
46.1
52.2
44.4
11
23:00
44.0
50.5
42.0
12
24:00
44.7
51.3
40.1
13
01:00
43.4
50.2
39.7
14
02:00
47.5
52.7
41.0
15
03:00
45.4
53.1
40.5
16
04:00
52.2
57.0
45.0
17
05:00
54.0
59.1
49.7
18
06:00
58.1
63.0
50.0
19
07:00
60.3
64.3
52.1
20
08:00
62.2
65.7
53.3
21
09:00
59.1
63.0
50.0
22
10:00
57.3
60.1
49.2
23
11:00
59.2
62.1
53.7
24
12:00
61.1
64.0
56.2
242
SuleimankiBarrage
Report
IEE
NESPAK-ABB-DMC
243
SuleimankiBarrage
Report
IEE
Annexure IV
NESPAK-ABB-DMC
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
M I C R O B I O L O G I C A L ANALYSIS REPORT
Job No :
Client Name & Account :
Description Of Sample :
Marking (If Any) :
No. of sample :
01
Satisfactory
11-11-09
Environmental Conditions:
Temperature :
Humidity:
NA
Sr. #
Parameters
Procedure
NA
Permissible
Results
Limits
01
02
03
04
APHA:9215
APHA:9222 B
0 / 1 00ml
APHA:9222 B
0 / 1 00ml
39
APHA: 9230 C
0 / 1 00ml
18
TNTC
67
NO T E:
W HO/USEPA Guidelines for Drinking W ater states that T o t a l or F a e c a l Coli
forms m ust be absent a n d ar e not t o l e r a t e d in Pot able wat er .
244
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
CHEMICAL LABORATORY
TEST REPORT
Job No :
Client Name & Account :
Description Of Sample :
Marking (If Any) :
No. of sample :
01
Satisfactory
11-11-09
Environmental Conditions:
Temperature :
Humidity:
NA
Sr. #
Parameters
NA
LDL
Test
Results
WHO
Guidelines
Method
Unit
01 Color
Visual
Pale Yellow
02 Odor
Organoleptic
Odorless
03 Turbidity
APHA-2130 B
NTU
0.2
27
04 Conductivity
APHA-2150 B
0.1
594
5 NTU
-
05
APHA-2540 C
mg/L
5.0
415
06
APHA-2540 D
mg/L
5.0
34
1000
07 Calcium Hardness
APHA-2340 B & C
mg/L
0.5
183.15
08 Magnesium Hardness
APHA-2340 B & C
mg/L
0.5
66.80
09 Magnesium
APHA-3500Mg B
mg/L
0.5
16.3
10 Chloride (Cl)
APHA-4500Cl B
mg/L
0.5
21
250
11 Sulfate (SO4)
APHA-4500SO4 C
mg/L
5.0
35
250
12 Nitrates (NO3)
APHA-4500NO3 B
mg/L
0.003
5.3
50
13 Fluoride (F)
APHA - F- C
mg/L
0.01
1.2
1.5
14
In-House
In-House
10.46
ND
mg/L
245
SuleimankiBarrage
Sr. #
IEE Report
Parameters
Method
Unit
LDL
Test
WHO
Results
Guidelines
16
Chromium (Cr)
APHA-3500Cr B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
0.05
17
Copper (Cu)
APHA-3500Cu B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
1.0 2.0
18
Lead (Pb)
APHA-3500Pb B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
0.01
19
Mercury (Hg)
APHA-3500-Hg B
mg/L
0.001
<0.001
0.001
20
Selenium ( Se )
APHA-3500Se C
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
21
Nickel (Ni)
APHA-3500-Ni B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
0.02
22
Silver (Ag)
APHA-3500Ag B
mg/L
0.1
<0.1
23
Zinc (Zn)
APHA-3500Zn B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
3.0
0.3
24
Iron (Fe)
APHA-3500Fe B
mg/L
0.01
2.50
25
Barium ( Ba)
APHA-3500Ba B
mg/L
0.5
<0.5
26
Manganese (Mn)
APHA-3500Mn B
mg/L
0.01
0.41
27
Chlorine
APHA-4500Cl G
mg/L
0.1
<0.1
LDL:
<:
Less Than.
0.1 0.5
-
Not Defined
246
SuleimankiBarrage
Report
IEE
Annexure V
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
J o b No :
Client Name & Account :
Description Of Sample :
Satisfactory
Environmental Conditions:
Temperature :
Sr . #
Par am et er s
NA
Pr oced u r e
Per m is s ib le
Resu lt s
Li m i ts
y
01
APHA:9215
02
APHA:9222 B
03
04
Faecal
Coli Forms (E.Coli)
Faecal
Streptococci/ Enterococci
1985
57
APHA:9222 B
0 / 100ml
30
APHA: 9230 C
0 / 100ml
10
247
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
J o b No :
Client Name & Account :
Description Of Sample :
Satisfactory
Environmental Conditions:
Temperature :
Sr . #
Par am et er s
NA
Pr oced u r e
Per m is s ib le
Resu lt s
Li m i ts
y
01
APHA:9215
02
APHA:9222 B
0 / 100ml
70
APHA:9222 B
0 / 100ml
37
APHA: 9230 C
0 / 100ml
16
03
04
Faecal
Coli Forms (E.Coli)
Faecal
Streptococci/ Enterococci
2392
248
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
J o b No :
Client Name & Account :
Description Of Sample :
N E S P A K (Pvt) Ltd.
Surface Water
No. of sample :
01
Satisfactory
11-11-09
Environmental Conditions:
Temperat ure :
Humidity:
NA
Sr . #
Par am et er s
NA
Pr oced u r e
Per m is s ib le
Resu lt s
Li m i ts
y
01
APHA:9215
02
APHA:9222 B
0 / 100ml
23
APHA:9222 B
0 / 100ml
13
APHA: 9230 C
0 / 100ml
03
Faecal
Coli Forms (E.Coli)
967
Faecal
04
Streptococci/ Enterococci
249
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
CHEMICAL LABORATORY
TEST REPORT
J o b No :
Client Name & Account :
Description Of Sample :
No. of sample :
01
Satisfactory
11-11-09
Environmental Conditions:
Temperature :
Humidity:
NA
Sr. #
Parameters
Method
NA
Test
Limits as
Unit
LDL
Results
per NEQS
Odorless
01
Odor
Organoleptic
02
Turbidity
APHA-2130 B
NTU
0.2
21
03
Conductivity
APHA-2150 B
0.1
420
04
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand ( BOD5 )
5.0
80.00
05
APHA-5220 D
mg/L
5.0
12
150.00
06
APHA-2540 D
mg/L
5.0
28
200.00
07
APHA-2540 C
mg/L
5.0
273
3500.00
08
Chloride ( Cl )
APHA-4500Cl- B
mg/L
0.5
31.98
1000.00
09
Sulphate ( SO4 )
APHA-4500 SO4 C
mg/L
5.0
34.78
600.00
10
Nitrates (NO3)
APHA-4500NO3 B
mg/L
0.003
1.4
11
Fluoride ( F)
APHA - F- C
mg/L
0.01
0.33
12
In-House
mg/L
14.77
13
In-House
mg/L
ND
14
Magnesium
APHA-3500Mg B
mg/L
0.5
9.0
15
USEPA-1664
mg/L
1.0
<1.0
10.00
ASTM 5210
mg/L
10.00
250
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
CHEMICAL LABORATORY
TEST REPORT
Sr. #
Parameters
Method
Unit
Test
Limits as
Results
per NEQS
LDL
16
Chromium (Cr)
APHA-3500Cr B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
01.00
17
Copper (Cu)
APHA-3500Cu B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
01.00
18
Lead ( Pb )
APHA-3500Pb B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
00.50
19
Mercury ( Hg)
APHA-3500Hg B
mg/L
0.001
<0.001
00.01
20
Selenium ( Se )
APHA-3500Se C
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
00.50
21
Nickel ( Ni )
APHA 3500 Ni B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
01.00
22
Silver ( Ag )
APHA-3500Ag B
mg/L
0.1
<0.1
01.00
23
Zinc ( Zn )
APHA-3500Zn B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
05.00
24
Barium ( Ba)
APHA-3500Ba B
mg/L
0.5
<0.5
01.50
25
Iron ( Fe )
APHA-3500Fe B
mg/L
0.01
0.54
8.00
26
Manganese ( Mn )
APHA-3500Mn B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
01.50
27
Chlorine
APHA-4500Cl G
mg/L
0.1
<0.1
1.00
LDL:
-:
Not Defined
<:
Less Than.
251
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
CHEMICAL LABORATORY
TEST REPORT
J o b No :
Client Name & Account :
Description Of Sample :
No. of sample :
01
Satisfactory
11-11-09
Environmental Conditions:
Temperature :
Humidity:
NA
Sr. #
Parameters
NA
Test
Limits as
Method
Unit
LDL
Results
per NEQS
Odorless
01
Odor
Organoleptic
02
Turbidity
APHA-2130 B
NTU
0.2
22
03
Conductivity
APHA-2150 B
0.1
438
04
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand ( BOD5 )
ASTM 5210
mg/L
5.0
80.00
05
APHA-5220 D
mg/L
5.0
20
150.00
06
APHA-2540 D
mg/L
5.0
30
200.00
07
APHA-2540 C
mg/L
5.0
280
3500.00
08
Chloride ( Cl )
APHA-4500Cl- B
mg/L
0.5
34.88
1000.00
09
Sulphate ( SO4 )
APHA-4500 SO4 C
mg/L
5.0
44.86
600.00
10
Nitrates (NO3)
APHA-4500NO3 B
mg/L
0.003
1.7
11
Fluoride ( F)
APHA - F- C
mg/L
0.01
0.36
12
In-House
mg/L
15.04
13
In-House
mg/L
ND
14
Magnesium
APHA-3500Mg B
mg/L
0.5
9.96
15
USEPA-1664
mg/L
1.0
<1.0
10.00
10.00
252
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
CHEMICAL LABORATORY
TEST REPORT
Sr. #
Parameters
Method
Unit
Test
Limits as
Results
per NEQS
LDL
16
Chromium (Cr)
APHA-3500Cr B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
01.00
17
Copper (Cu)
APHA-3500Cu B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
01.00
18
Lead ( Pb )
APHA-3500Pb B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
00.50
19
Mercury ( Hg)
APHA-3500Hg B
mg/L
0.001
<0.001
00.01
20
Selenium ( Se )
APHA-3500Se C
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
00.50
21
Nickel ( Ni )
APHA 3500 Ni B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
01.00
22
Silver ( Ag )
APHA-3500Ag B
mg/L
0.1
<0.1
01.00
23
Zinc ( Zn )
APHA-3500Zn B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
05.00
24
Barium ( Ba)
APHA-3500Ba B
mg/L
0.5
<0.5
01.50
25
Iron ( Fe )
APHA-3500Fe B
mg/L
0.01
0.62
8.00
26
Manganese ( Mn )
APHA-3500Mn B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
01.50
27
Chlorine
APHA-4500Cl G
mg/L
0.1
<0.1
1.00
LDL:
<:
Less Than.
Not Defined
ND:
Not Detected
253
SuleimankiBarrage
IEE Report
CHEMICAL LABORATORY
TEST REPORT
Job N o :
Client Name & Account :
p
p
Descri tion O f Sam le :
Marking ( I f Any) :
p
Sr. #
Parameters
No. o f sam le :
Satisfactory
11-11-09
Humidity:
NA
Tem erature :
01
NA
Test
Limits as
Method
Unit
LDL
Results
per NEQS
Odorless
01
Odor
Organoleptic
02
Turbidity
APHA-2130 B
NTU
0.2
41
03
Conductivity
APHA-2150 B
0.1
352
04
Biochemical Oxygen
Demand ( BOD5 )
ASTM 5210
mg/L
5.0
10
80.00
05
APHA-5220 D
mg/L
5.0
21
150.00
06
APHA-2540 D
mg/L
5.0
48
200.00
07
APHA-2540 C
mg/L
5.0
219
3500.00
08
Chloride ( Cl )
APHA-4500Cl- B
mg/L
0.5
23.26
1000.00
09
Sulphate ( SO4 )
APHA-4500 SO4 C
mg/L
5.0
29.64
600.00
10
Nitrates (NO3)
APHA-4500NO3 B
mg/L
0.003
0.9
11
Fluoride ( F)
APHA - F- C
mg/L
0.01
0.39
12
In-House
mg/L
11.47
13
In-House
mg/L
ND
14
Magnesium
APHA-3500Mg B
mg/L
0.5
9.37
15
USEPA-1664
mg/L
1.0
<1.0
10.00
10.00
254
SuleimankiBarrage
Sr. #
IEE Report
Parameters
Method
Unit
Test
Limits as
Results
per NEQS
LDL
16
Chromium (Cr)
APHA-3500Cr B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
01.00
17
Copper (Cu)
APHA-3500Cu B
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
01.00
18
Lead ( Pb )
APHA-3500Pb B
mg/L
0.01
0.04
00.50
19
Mercury ( Hg)
APHA-3500Hg B
mg/L
0.001
<0.001
00.01
20
Selenium ( Se )
APHA-3500Se C
mg/L
0.01
<0.01
00.50
21
Nickel ( Ni )
APHA 3500 Ni B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
01.00
22
Silver ( Ag )
APHA-3500Ag B
mg/L
0.1
<0.1
01.00
23
Zinc ( Zn )
APHA-3500Zn B
mg/L
0.01
0.02
05.00
24
Barium ( Ba)
APHA-3500Ba B
mg/L
0.5
<0.5
01.50
25
Iron ( Fe )
APHA-3500Fe B
mg/L
0.01
0.94
8.00
26
Manganese ( Mn )
APHA-3500Mn B
mg/L
0.01
0.04
01.50
27
Chlorine
APHA-4500Cl G
mg/L
0.1
<0.1
1.00
LDL:
-:
Not Defined
<:
Less Than.
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Report
IEE
Annexure VI
Standards
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IEE Report
POLLUTANT
STANDARD
STANDARD
VALUE *
TYPE
9 ppm
(10 mg/m 3 )
Primary
1-hour Average
35 ppm
(40 mg/m 3 )
Primary
(100 g/m3 )
0.053 ppm
Ozone (O 3)
1-hour Average
0.12 ppm
(235 g/m3 )
8-hour Average
0.08 ppm
(157 g/m3 )
Lead (Pb)
1.5 g/m 3
Quarterly Average
50 g/m 3
24-hour Average
150 g/m 3
15 g/m 3
24-hour Average
65 g/m 3
(80 g/m 3 )
Primary
24-hour Average
0.14 ppm
(365 g/m 3 )
Primary
3-hour Average
0.50 ppm
(1300 g/m3 )
Secondary
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Time-weighted
average
Annual
Average*
Sulphur
Dioxide (SO2 ) 24 hours**
Oxides of
Nitrogen as
(NO)
Oxides of
Nitrogen as
(NO2 )
O3
Annual
Average*
24 hours**
Respirable
Particulate
Matter. PM 2 . 5
Lead (Pb)
Carbon
Monoxide
(CO)
Method of measurement
Effective
from 1st
January
2012
80 g/m3
80 g/m3
120 g/m3
120 g/m3
40 g/m3
40 g/m3
Ultraviolet Fluorescence
method
40 g/m
40 g/m
40 g/m3
40 g/m3
80 g/m3
80 g/m3
180 g/m3
130 g/m3
400 g/m3
360 g/m3
550 g/m3
500 g/m3
200 g/m3
120 g/m3
250 g/m3
150 g/m3
25 g/m3
15 g/m3
24 hours**
40 g/m3
35 g/m3
1 hour
Annual
Average*
25 g/m3
15 g/m3
Annual
Average*
24 hours**
1 hour
Annual
Suspended Average*
Particulate
Matter (SPM) 24 hours**
Respirable
Particulate
Matter PM1 0
Effective from
1st January
2009
Annual
Average*
24 hours**
Annual
Average*
24 hours**
8 hours **
1 hour
1.5 g/m3
2 g/m3
1 g/m3
1.5 g/m3
5 mg/m3
5 mg/m3
10 mg/m3
10 mg/m3
*Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at
uniform interval.
** 24 hourly /8 hourly values should be met 98% of the in a year. 2% of the time, it may exceed but not
on two consecutive days.
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1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
Parametric Tests *
Aluminum
Ammonium
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Boron
Cadmium
Chloride
Chromium
Coliforms, total /1 00ml
Coliforms,E.Coli/1 00ml
Color
Copper
Cyanide
Fluoride
Hardness
Iron
Lead
Manganese
Mercury
Molybdenum
Nickel
Nitrate/Nitrite, total
Nitrates(NO 3)
Nitrites(NO 2)
Odor
pH
Phosphorous
Phenols
Potassium
Selenium
Silica Dioxide(SiO 2)
Silver
Solids, Total dissolved
Sodium
Sulfate
Turbidity(Non-microbial)
Zinc
-
EEC
0.2
0.5
0.01
0.05
NS
NS
0.005
25
0.05
0
0
20 Pt-Co
NS
0.05
0.7 - 1 .5
50
0.2
0.05
0.2
0.001
NS
0.05
NS
50
0.1
NS
6.2 - 8.5
5.0
0.0005
12
0.01
10
0.01
NS
75 -150
NS
4 JTU
NS
Canada
NS
NS
NS
0.025
1 .0
5.0
0.005
250
0.05
0
0
15cu
1. 0
0.2
1 .5
NS
0.3
0.01
0.05
0.001
NS
NS
NS
10 as N
3.2
NS
6.5 - 8.5
NS
0.002
NS
0.01
NS
0.05
500
NS
500
1 NTU
5.0
USEPA
0.05 - 0.20
NS
0.006
0.05
2.0
NS
0.005
250
0.1
0
0
15cu
1. 0
0.2
2.0-4.0
NS
0.3
0.015
0.05
0.002
NS
0.1
10.0 as N
10.0 as N
1 .0 as N
3 TON
6.5 - 8.5
NS
NS
NS
0.05
NS
0.1
500
20
250
0.5 - 5.0 NTU
5.0
WHO
0.2
1.5
0.005
0.01
0.7
0.3
0.003
250
0.05
0
0
15cu
1 - 2
0.07
1.5
NS
0.3
0.01
0.1- 0.5
0.001
0.07
0.02
NS
50
3
NS
6.5 - 8.5
NS
NS
NS
0.01
NS
NS
1000
200
250
5 NTU
3.0
Abbreviations/Explanations:
NS=No Standards | JTU=Jackson Turbidity Units | NTU=Nephelometric Turbidity Units
cu=Color Units
| MPN Coliforms, Total or E.Coli/100ml | Pt-Co = Platinium Cobalt
Standards | EEC=European Economic Community for Environmental Legislation USEPA=
United States Environmental Protection Agency | TON=Threshold Odor Number
mg/l (milligrams per litre) except where notified
*
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Annex I (amended)
Parameter
Existing
Standards
Into Inland
Waters
Revised Standards
Into Sea(6)
Into Sewage
(5)
Treatment
40oC
6-10
80
<30C
6-9
80
<30C
6-9
250
<30C
6-9
80**
150
150
3500
10
0.1
1000
20
2
20
600
1.0
40
0.15
0.1
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.01
0.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
5.0
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.5
6.0
1.0
150
200
3500
10
0.1
1000
10
1.0
20
600
1.0
40
0.15
0.1
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.01
0.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
5.0
1.0
1.5
8.0
1.5
6.0
1.0
400
400
3500
10
0.3
1000
10
1.0
20
1000
1.0
40
0.15
0.1
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.01
0.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
5.0
1.0
1.5
8.0
1.5
6.0
1.0
400
200
3500
10
0.3
SC***
10
1.0
20
SC***
1.0
40
0.15
0.1
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.01
0.5
1.0
1.0
2.0
5.0
1.0
1.5
8.0
1.5
6.0
1.0
Explanations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Assuming minimum dilution 1:10 on discharge, lower ratio would attract progressively stringent standards to be
determined by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency. By 1:10 dilution means, for example that for each one cubic
meter of treated effluent, the recipient water body should have 10 cubic meter of water for dilution of this effluent.
Modified Benzene Alkyl Sulphate; assuming surfactant as biodegradable.
Pesticides include herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides.
Subject to total toxic metals discharge should not exceed level given at S.No.25.
Applicable only when and where sewage treatment is operational and BOD5=80 mg/l is achieved by the sewage treatment
system.
Provided discharge is not at shore and not within 10 miles of mangrove or other important estuaries.
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APPENDIX-4.2
WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS
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261
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262
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263
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APPENDIX-6.1
RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA)
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Prepared by:
YES
No
REMARKS
A. Project Siting
Is the Project area adjacent to or within any of the
following environmentally sensitive areas?
Barrage pond area provides habitat of migrating birds mainly
water fowl. Wildlife Department prohibited shooting or pouching of
animals without permit in the barrage pond area.
Barrage pond area is a wetland but not a registered wetland. Also
scope of work includes working at barrage only
Protected Area
Wetland
Mangrove
Estuarine
No permanent adverse environmental impact is anticipated from the Project Siting. All the impacts will be of temporary nature and mitigable.
B. Potential Environmental Impacts
Will the Project cause...
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Suleimanki Barrage
SCREENING QUESTIONS
IEE Report
YES
No
REMARKS
Loss any ecological values is not anticipated. In fact the proposed
improvement in the existing Public Parks and new plantation along
the proposed escaped channel will increase the aesthetic value
and biodiversity of the area.
dust?
Projects activities will not cause and salinity provided the control
measure suggested in the EIA report are strictly followed.
Over pumping of groundwater is not anticipated. Groundwater
pumping for the water supply and filling of wetting channels is
negligible compare to the available ample source of groundwater.
Deterioration of water quality is not anticipated however accidental
spill or inadequate wastewater disposal could damage the water
quality of the area. This will be controlled by practicing good
housekeeping and following appropriate wastewater disposal
system as recommended in EIA report.
There is no resettlement of people required for this project.
Cutoff date will be announced and the local community will be
informed at suitable forum well before acquiring government land
for project implementation to stop leasing out the required land for
cultivation.
Soil erosion is not anticipated as the project is only a rehabilitation
of existing canal system.
It will be further ensured that suitable Plant & Equipment use will
minimize noise.
Temporary dust pollution in the area may arise by heavy vehicles
movement and earth work activities. Mitigation through sprinkling
water when required. 24 hours monitoring of dust is proposed in
267
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SCREENING QUESTIONS
IEE Report
YES
No
REMARKS
Environment Management Plan
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
268