Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester

Categories of
Course
Departmental
Core

Course Title
Network Security &
Cryptography

Course
Code
IT 1181

Credits = 6C
L
3

T
1

P
2

Max Marks: 70
Min Marks: 22
Duration: 3:00
Hrs.

UNIT -I: Introductionto network security: Security Needs and Threats, Goals of network security, Types
of Computer Crime and Criminals-scavenging, leakage, wire taping etc. Controlling Physical Access:
Role of physical Security, Weakness, Types of Identification Badges, security factors. Desktop security:
Challenges, security techniques, physical security and procedural methods, Protecting data hardware and
software problem and their solutions. Role of Password network security, strength and weakness of
password, Administering a password system,Virus, Worms, Trap doors, Trojan horse, Firewall.
UNIT-II: Security: Attacks, Services, Mechanism, OSI security architecture, Symmetric ciphers:
Substitution Ciphers: Caesar cipher, Hill cipher, Play fair cipher, Mono-alphabetic Cipher, Polyalphabetic cipher, Shannon Theorem, One Time pad, Transposition Cipher: Rail fence technique, Rotor
machines, Steganography.
UNIT- III:Block Cipher: Data confidentiality, Simplified DES, Feistal Structure, Blowfish, RC5, Data
Encryption Standard, Strength of DES, Differential and Linear Cryptanalysis, Block Cipher Design
principles, Block Cipher Modes of Operation. Advanced Encryption standard
UNIT- IV: Number Theory: Group, Ring, Field, Modular Arithmetic, Euclidean Theorem, Fermats
Theorem, Eulers Theorem, Chinese Remainder Theorem, Public Key Cryptography: RSA algorithm.
Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Algorithm, Elliptic Curve Cryptography.
UNIT- V: Cryptographic Data Integrity: Hash Function, Requirement and security, Secure hash
algorithm (SHA) and its Version, Message Digest MD-4 and MD-5, RIPMED, Message Authentication
Codes, Digital Signature standard, Key Management and Distribution, PKI, User Authentication Protocol:
Kerberos. Transport layer Security: SSL, TLS, HTTPS, Email Security: PGP, S/MIME, IP Security
Reference Books: 1.William Stallings Cryptography and Network Security-Principles and Practice Forth Edition, Prentice
Hall Publication.
2. Behrouz A. Forouzan, DebdeepMukhopadhyay Cryptography and Network Security Second Edition
Tata Macgraw Hill Education.

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester
Category of
Course

Course Title

Departmental
Core

Soft Computing

Course Code

IT-1182

Credits=6C

Max. Marks-70

Min. Marks- 22

Duration- 3Hrs.

Unit I :Soft Computing: Introduction of soft computing, soft computing vs. hard computing,
various types of soft computing techniques, applications of soft computing. Neural Network :
Structure and Function of a single neuron: Biological neuron, artificial neuron, Difference and
characteristics and applications of ANN, Evolution of Neural Networks, Basic Models of
Artificial Neural Network, Important Terminologies of ANNs, McCulloch-Pitts Neuron model.
Widrow&Hebb;s learning rule/Delta rule.
Unit II :Supervised Learning Network Introduction, Perception Networks, Back-Propagation
Network, Radial Basis Function Network, Time Delay Neural Network Single layer network,
Perceptron training algorithm, Linear separability, , ADALINE, MADALINE. Introduction of
MLP, Error back propagation algorithm, derivation of BBPA, momentum, limitation,
characteristics and application of EBPA.
Unit III:Unsupervised Learning Networks Introduction, Fixed Weight Competitive Nets,
Kohonen Self-Organizing Motor Maps, Adaptive Resonance Theory (ART 1,ART 2):
Architecture, classifications, Implementation and training Counter propagation network,
architecture, functioning & characteristics of counter Propagation network, Hopfield/ Recurrent
network, configuration, stability constraints, associative memory, and characteristics, limitations
and applications. Hopfield v/s Boltzman machine. Associative Memory.
Unit IV:Fuzzy Logic: Fuzzy set theory, Fuzzy set versus crisp set, Crisp & fuzzy relations,
Fuzzy systems: crisp logic, fuzzy logic, , Predicate Logic, introduction & features of membership
functions, Fuzzy rule base system: Defuzzification Methods,Fuzzification ,fuzzy propositions,
formation, decomposition & aggregation of fuzzy rules, fuzzy reasoning, fuzzy inference
systems, fuzzy decision making & Applications of fuzzy logic.
Unit V:Genetic algorithm : Fundamentals of Genetic Algorithms History, Basic Concepts,
Creation of Offsprings, Working Principle, working principle, encoding, fitness function,
reproduction, Genetic modelling: Inheritance operator, cross over, inversion & deletion, mutation
operator, Bitwise operator, Generational Cycle, Convergence of GA, Applications & advances in
GA, Differences & similarities between GA& other traditional method.
Reference Books:
1. Neural Network, Fuzzy logic,and Genetic Algortihms Synthesis and Applications, S.Rajsekaran
,G.A VijayalakshmiPai
2. Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation (2nd Edition), Simon Haykin, Prentice Hall.

3. Elements of artificial neural networks by Kishan Mehrotra, Chilukuri K. Mohan and Sanjay
Ranka.
4. Neural networks and fuzzy systems by Bart Kosko, Prentice Hall of India.
5. Fundamentals of artificial neural networks by Mohammad H. Hassoun, Prentice Hall of India.

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester
Category of
Course
Elective-III

Course Title
Advanced
Computer
Architecture

Course
Code
IT-1183(A)

L
3

Credits=4C
T
1

P
--

Max.Marks-70
Min. Marks- 22
Duration-3hrs.

UNIT-I: Introduction to parallelism, Parallel Computer Models,Parallel computer Architecture

and Classification. State of Computing, Multiprocessors and Multicomputers, Multivector and
SIMD Computers, PRAM and VLSI Models, Architectural Development,Conditions of
Parallelism,Program partition and scheduling,Flow mechanism,System Interconnection
Architectures.Principles of scalable Performance Metrics and Measures,Parallel Processing
Applications,Speedup performance laws,Scalability Analysis and Approaches.
UNIT-II: Processors and Memory Hierarchy, Advanced processing Technology,Superscalar and
Vector Processors,Memory Hierarchy,Virtual Memory, Bus ,Cache and Shared Memory
organizations,Sequential and Weak consistency Models, Basic concepts of pipelining, data
hazards, control hazards, and structural hazards; Techniques for overcoming or reducing the
effects of various hazards.Pipelining and Superscalar Techniques. Linear and Nonlinear pipeline
processors,Instruction Pieline Design,Scalar and Arithmetic pipleline Design.
UNIT-II: Parallel and Scalable computers, Multiprocessors System Interconnects,Cache
coherence and Synchronization Mechanism, Three Generations of Multicomputers,Message
Passing Mechanisms.MultiVector and SIMD computers Compound Vector Processing,SIMD
computer Organizations.Scalable,Multithreaded And Dataflow Architectures,Latency
Hiding,Principles of Multithreading,Fine Grain Multicomputers,Dataflow and Hybrid
Computers.
UNIT-IV: Parallel Models ,Language and compilers,Parallel programming models,Parallel
Languages and compiler,Data Arrays,Code Optimization and Scheduling,Loop Parallelization
and Pipelining.Parallel programming Environments,Synchronization Principles and
applications,Shared Variable, programming environment-Message passing ,Mapping and
Multicomputers.
UNIT-V: Instruction level pipelining ,Design Issues,Models,Compiler detected instruction Level
parallelism, operand forwarding ,reorder buffer,Limitation in Exploiting Instruction Level
parallelism. Structured parallelism versus Instruction level parallelism,Function Library for
Parallel programming. Data flow Computers, Reduction computer architectures, Systolic
Architectures
Reference Books:
1. Kai Hwang, Advanced Computer Architecture: Parallelism, Scalability, Programmability,
McGraw-Hill.
2. John L. Hennessy and David A. Patterson, Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach,
Morgan Kaufmann.
3. John Paul Shen and Mikko H. Lipasti, Modern Processor Design: Fundamentals of
Superscalar Processors, Tata McGraw-Hill.
4. M. J. Flynn, Computer Architecture: Pipelined and Parallel Processor Design, Narosa
Publishing House.

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester
Category of
Course
Elective III

Course Title

Data Compression
Techniques

Course Code

IT-1183(B)

Credits=4C

Max. Marks-70

Min. Marks- 22

Duration- 3Hrs.

Unit-I:Introduction To Data Compression, The Data Compression Lexicon, With A History The

Two Kingdoms, Data Compression Modeling,Coding, The Dawn Age, Coding An improvement
Modeling, Statistical Modeling, Ziv & Lempel LZ77 LZ78, Lossy Compression, Programs to
Know. Minimum Redundancy Coding The Sahnnon-Fano Algorithm.
Unit-II: The Huffman Algorithm, Prototypes, Huffman Code, Counting the Symbols, Saving the

Counts, Building the Tree, Using the tree ,Adaptive Huffman Coding Adaptive Coding,
Updating Huffman Tree, swapping, The Algorithm, Enhancement, Escape Code, Overflow
Bonus, Rescaling Bonus, Initialization of the Array, Compress Main Program, Expand Main
Program, Encoding Symbol, Decoding Symbol
Unit-III:Huffman One Better: Arithmetic Coding Difficulties, Arithmetic Coding: A Step

Forward, Practical Matters, A Complication, Decoding, Wheres the Beef Dictionary-Based

Compression An Example, Static vs. Adaptive, Adaptive Methods, A Representative Example,
Israeli Roots, History, ARC: MS-DOS Dictionary Dictionary Compression, Danger AheadPatents, Conclusion.
Unit-IV:Sliding Window Compression,The Algorithm, Problems with LZ77, An Encoding

Problem, LZSS compression, Data structures, A balancing Act Greedy vs. Best Possible. The
expansionRoutine,Improvements.Speech Compression,Digital Audio Concepts, Fundamentals,
Sampling Variables, PC-Based sound,Lossless Compression of Sound, Problems and Results,
Loss compression, Silence Compression, Other Techniques.
Lossy Graphics Compression,Enter Compression, Statistical And Dictionary
Compression Methods Lossy Compression Differential Modulation Adaprive Coding, A
Standard that Works:JPEG, JPEG Compression Discrete Cosine Transform, DCT
Specifics,Implementing DCT. Matrix Multiplication, Cpmtomied Improvements,Output Of The
DCT, Quantization, Selecting A Qualtization Matrix. Sample Program, Input Format,
Initialization, Forward DCT Routine, Write DCT Data(),File Expansion, Read DCT
Data(),Inverse DCT.
Unit-V:

Reference Books:
1. Data Compression, Mark Nelson
2. Data Compression, Khalid shayood, Morgon Kaufmann
3. Data Compression : The Complete Reference, David Saloman, Springer

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIIISemester
Category

Title

Elective -III

Digital Image Processing

Code
IT-1183(C)

Credits- 4C
L

Marks Distribution
Max. Marks-70
Min.Marks-22
Duration-3hrs.

UNIT- I: Introduction of Image processing, Fundamental Steps in image processing, Image

Processing - Image Acquisition, Storage, Processing, Communication, Display, Image
representation,-Sampling and Quantization, Relationship between pixels, Image transformationFourier transformation, properties of Fourier transform, Fast Fourier transform .
UNIT- II: Image Enhancement and Image compression, Spatial Domain Method, Frequency
Domain Method, Image Sharpening. High-pass Filtering, Image compression-Introduction,
coding redundancy, inter-pixel redundancy, Image compression models, Huffman coding, Lossy
compression techniques Image compression standards.
UNIT- III: Basic Framework, Interactive Restoration,Image deformation and geometric
transformations, image morphing, Restoration techniques, Noise characterization, Noise
restoration filters, Adaptive filters, Linear, Position invariant degradations, Estimation of
Degradation functions, Restoration from projections.
UNIT- IV: Image Segmentation- Image Segmentation- Point Detection, Line Detection, Edge
detection, Edge Linking & Boundary Detection- Local Processing, Global Processing using
graph theoretic approach, Threshold - Foundation, Simple Global Threshold, Optimal Threshold;
Region Oriented Segmentation - Basic Formulation.
UNIT- V: Wavelet based Image Compression,Expansion of functions, Multi-resolution analysis,
Scaling functions, MRA refinement equation, Wavelet series expansion, Discrete Wavelet
Transform (DWT), Continuous Wavelet Transform, Fast Wavelet Transform, 2-D wavelet
Transform, JPEG- 2000 encoding, Digital Image atermarking.

Reference Books:
1. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, S. Annadurai, Pearson Education
2. Digital Image processing, Rafael E. Gonzalez, Pearson education

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester

Category of
Course

Elective-IV

Course Title

Ad Hoc Networks

Course Code

IT-1184(A)

Credits=4C

Max. Marks-70

Min. Marks- 22
Duration- 3Hrs.

Unit I: Introduction- Fundamentals of Computer Networking and Wireless Communication, Ad Hoc

Wireless Networks, Architecture, Cellular Vs Ad Hoc Wireless Networks, Application of Ad Hoc Mobile
Networks, Challenges Facing Ad Hoc Mobile Networks.

Unit II: Ad Hoc wireless MAC protocols-Introduction, Design goal, Problems in Ad Hoc channel access,
Classification of Ad Hoc wireless MAC protocols, Synchronous and asynchronous MAC protocols,
Receiver-initiated and sender-initiated MAC protocols, MACA, DBTMA, PA-MAC.

Unit III: Ad Hoc Routing Protocols: Introduction, Design Issues, Classifications of Routing Protocols,
Table-Driven Routing Protocols, DSDV, CSGR, etc., Source-Initiated On-Demand Approaches, AODV, DSR,
LAR, ZRP, etc., Ad Hoc Multicast Routing Protocols: Introduction, Tree-Based Multicast Routing
Protocols, Mesh-Based Multicast Routing Protocols, Energy-Efficient Multicasting.

Unit IV: Transport Layer Protocols: Introduction, Design Issues, Design Goals, Classification of Transport
Layer Solutions, TCP Over Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Security in Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Network
Security Requirements, Issues and Challenges in Security Provisioning, Network Security Attacks on
different layers, Key Management, Secure Routing in Ad Hoc.

Unit V: QoS Management: Introduction, Issues and Challenges in Providing QoS, Classifications of QoS
Solutions, QoS Frameworks for Ad Hoc Wireless Networks. Energy Management: Introduction,
Classification of Energy Management Schemes, Battery Management Schemes, Transmission Power
Management Schemes, System Power Management Schemes.

References1.C.K. Toh, Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks: Protocols and Systems, Prentice Hall PTR, 2001.
2.C. Siva Ram Murthy and B.S. Manoj, Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols,
Prentice Hall PTR, 2004.
3.Charles E. Perkins, Ad Hoc Networking, Addison Wesley, 2000

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester
Categories
of Course
Elective IV

Course Title
Cyber Law and
Forensic Science

Course
Code
IT 1184 (B)

Credits = 4C
L
3

T
1

P
--

Max Marks: 70
Min Marks: 22
Duration: 3:00
Hrs.

Unit I: Introduction to Cyber laws In indian Context- Information technology act 2000, Amendments
made in the indian ITA 2000, Positive Aspects of ITA 2000, The Weak Areas of ITA 2000,
Challenges in India Law and Cyber-crime scenario in india, consequences of Not Addressing the
weakness in information technology act amendments to indian ITA 2008, Impact of IT act
Amendments Impact Information Technology Organizations Cyber-crime and Punishments.
Unit II: Private ordering solutions, Regulation and Jurisdiction for global Cyber security, Copy
Right-source of risks, Pirates, Internet Infringement, Fair Use, postings, criminal liability, First
Amendments, Data Losing.
Unit III :Copy Right-Source of risks, Pirates, Internet Infringement, Fair Use, postings, Criminal
Liability, First Amendments, Losing Data, Trademarks, Defamation, Privacy-Common Law Privacy,
Constitutional law, Federal Statutes, Anonymity, Technology expanding privacy rights.
Unit IV:
Duty of Care, Criminal Liability, Procedural issues, Electronic Contracts & Digital Signatures,
Misappropriation of information, Civil Rights, Tax, Evidence.
Unit V: Ethics, Legal Developments, Late 1990 to 2000,Cyber security in Society, Security in cyber
laws case studies, General law and Cyber Law-a Swift Analysis.

Reference Books:
1.Law Relating to computer internet and E commerce by Nandan Kamath, 2nd Edition Universal
Law Publishing Co. Pvt Limited.
2.Jonathan Rosenoer,Cyber Law: The law of the Internet, Springer-Verlag, 1997.
3.Mark F Grady, Fransesco Parisi, The Law and Economics of Cyber Security, Cambridge
University Press, 2006

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester
Categories
of Course
Elective-IV

Course Title
Mobile Computing

Course
Code
IT 1184(C )

Credits = 4C
L
3

T
1

P
-

Max Marks: 70
Min Marks: 22
Duration: 3:00
Hrs.

UNIT-I:Introduction to Cellular Mobile Systems,History of 800-MHz Spectrum Allocation, Trunking

Efficiency ,A Basic Cellular System ,Performance Criteria ,Uniqueness of Mobile Radio environment,
Operation of Cellular Systems,Marketing Image of Hexagonal-shaped Cells ,Planning a Cellular System
,Analog Cellular Systems ,Digital Cellular Systems.
UNIT-I I:Elements of Cellular Radio System Design ,General Description of the Problem, Concept of
Frequency Reuse Channels ,Cochannel Interference Reduction Factor ,Desired C/I from a Normal Case in
an Omnidirectional Antenna System ,Handoff Mechanism, Cell Splitting , Consideration of the
Components of Cellular Systems,Specifications of Analog Systems,. Cell Coverage for Signal and
Traffic,Form of a Point-to-Point Model,Cell-site Antennas and Mobile Antenna.
UNIT-III:Design of an Omnidirectional and Directional Antenna System in the Worst Case,Umbrellapattern Effect,Use of Parasitic Elements,Types of Noncochannel Interference,Effects on Cell-site
Components,Frequency Management and Channel Assignment,Set-up Channels,Handoffs and Dropped
Calls,Operational Techniques and Technologies, Coverage-hole Filler, Leaky Feeder, Cell Splitting,Small
Cells (Microcells),Narrowbeam Concept,Switching and Traffic.
UNIT-IV:Data Links and Microwaves,Ray-bending Phenomenon,System Reliability,System,
Performance, Signaling Evaluation, Introduction to Digital Systems,ARQ Techniques,Digital Speech,
Digital Mobile Telephony,Practical Multiple-access Schemes,Digital Cellular Systems ,Global System for
Mobile .
UNIT-V:Intelligent Cell Concept and Applications,Applications of Intelligent Microcell Systems, Inbuilding Communication,CDMA Cellular Radio Network,Intelligent Network for Wireless
Communications,Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN),SS7 Network and ISDN for AIN ,AIN for Mobile
Communication ,Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Technology ,Cellular Fixed Stations,Cellular
Systems in Rural Service Areas,Diversity Media System with Millimeter-wave Link and Optical-wave
Link Cellular Radio Telecommunications Intersystem Operations.
Reference Books:
1.Lee, William C. Y Mobile Cellular Telecommunications : Analog and Digital SystemsMcGraw-Hill
Professional
2.William Stalling, Wireless Communication and Network, Pearson Education
3. Upen Dalal, Wireless Communication, Oxford Higher Education

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha(M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester
Category
of Course
ElectiveIV

Course Title

Course Code

Data Mining

IT-1184(D)

Credits=4C
L
T
P
3
1
-

Max. Marks-70
Min. Marks- 22
Duration- 3Hrs.

Unit -I: Data Warehousing: Overview, Definition, Delivery Process, Difference between Database
System and Data Warehouse, Multi-Dimensional Data Model, Data Cubes, Stars, Snow Flakes, Fact
constellations, Concept hierarchy, Process Architecture, 3 Tier Architecture, Data Warehousing Vs Data
Mart.
Unit-II: OLAP in Data Warehouse: Overall concept of online analytical processing (OLAP), OLAP
definition, and rules, OLAP characteristics, major features and function of OLAP- general features,
dimensional analysis, hyper cubes, drill down and roll up, slice and dice, rotations, uses and benefits,
familiarity with OLAP models overview of variation, MOLAP, ROLAP, HOLAP, DOLAP, database
OLAP, web OLAP.
Unit-III: Data Mining: overview of data mining definition, knowledge discovery process (relationship,
patterns, phases of the process), OLAP versus data mining, some aspects of data mining- association
rules, outlier analysis, predictive analysis etc, concept of data mining in a data warehouse environment,
major data mining techniques cluster detection, decision trees, memory based reasoning, link analysis,
neural network, genetic algorithm etc.
Unit -IV: Mining association rules in large databases, association rule mining, minimum single
dimensional Boolean association rules from transaction database and mining, multi-dimensional
association rules from relational databases.
Unit -V: Classification and Clustering, What is Classification, Issues regarding Classification, Decision tree,
Classification methods K-nearest neighbor classifiers. Cluster Analysis: Data types in cluster analysis, Categories of
clustering methods, Partitioning methods. K-Means clustering, Hierarchical Clustering- CURE, Density Based
Methods-DBSCAN.

Reference Books:
1.

M.H.Dunham,Data Mining:Introductory and Advanced Topics Pearson Education

2.

Jiawei Han, Micheline Kamber, Data Mining Concepts & Techniques Elsevier

3.

Sam Anahory, Dennis Murray, Data Warehousing in the Real World : A Practical Guide for Building
Decision Support Systems, Pearson Education

4.

A.K. Pujari,Data Mining,McGraw Hill

Samrat Ashok Technological Institute (Engineering College)

Vidisha (M.P.)
PROGRAMME: B.E. Information Technology. VIII Semester
Category
Course
Departmental

of Course Title

Major Project

Course Code

IT-1185

Credits=4C
L

--

--

Max Marks:
120

Core

Guidelines for the Students:

The objectives of the course Major Project are,
1. Extension of Project (IT-1177) Design.
2. Student should generate the Framework for UML Design.
3. Student should do the coding for their project work.
4. Student should Test their complete project work and keep the testing
report.
5. Student should present the project work with Power Point
Presentation before the guide and Head.
6. Student should prepare the project report and submit to guide three
week prior to practical examination.
7. Student should Present and demonstrate the project with project
report two weeks prior to practical examination, before guide and
Head.