NUR FADHILAH BINTI MOHD SHAHERTESL D

MATRIC NUMBER : 0610/1989

TASK 1 :
Describe the Hollands Theory of Career Choice which consists realistic, investigate,
artistic, social, enterprising and conventional.
According to John Holland's Theory of Career Choice, most people are one of six
personality types: Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and
Conventional. The characteristics of each of these are described below:
Realistic The Do-ers
Realistic people are practical, athletic, mechanically inclined, nature lovers and
concrete. They like to do things such as play a sport, work outdoors, tinker with
machines/vehicles, tend or train animals, operate tools and machines or read a
blueprint. They are hands-on types of people. Possible occupations include farmer,
forester, firefighter, police officer, flight engineer, pilot, carpenter, electrician, diesel
mechanic, locomotive engineer, truck driver and locksmith.
Investigative The Thinkers
Investigative people are inquisitive, analytical, logical, curious, introspective, scholarly
and observant. They like to think abstractly, do research, perform lab experiments, work
independently and be challenged. Possible occupations include chemist,
mathematician, meteorologist, biologist, dentist, physician, veterinarian, pharmacist,
medical technician, architect, surveyor and electrical technician.
Artistic The Creators
Artistic people are creative, imitative, unconventional, sensitive, emotional and
innovative. They like to write, sketch, draw, paint, work on crafts, express themselves
creatively and attend theater and art exhibits. Possible occupations include dancer,
book editor, art teacher, clothes designer, graphic designer, comedian, actor, disk
jockey, composer and musician.
Social The Helpers
Social people are friendly, helpful, outgoing, cooperative, patient, empathetic and kind.
They like to work in groups, help people with problems, serve others, mediate disputes
and plan and supervise activities. Possible occupations include counselor, parole officer,
social worker, dental hygienist, nurse, physical therapist, teacher, librarian and athletic
trainer.
Enterprising The Persuaders
Enterprising people are self-confident, persuasive, adventurous, popular, extroverted,
talkative and popular. They like to lead a group, persuade others, be elected to office,
have power or status and start their own service or business. Possible occupations
include auctioneer, sales person, travel agent, recreation leader, judge, lawyer, city
manager, sales manager, bank president, TV newscaster, camp director, hotel manager,
real estate agent and school principal.

NUR FADHILAH BINTI MOHD SHAHERTESL D

MATRIC NUMBER : 0610/1989
Conventional The Organizer
Conventional people are well organized, conscientious, efficient, orderly, practical,
systematic, structured and polite. They like to define procedures, work with numbers,
type or use shorthand and collect or organize things. Possible occupations include court
clerk, secretary, bookkeeper, bank teller, post office clerk, mail carrier, typist, title
examiner or timekeeper.

TASK 2 :
Discuss the benefits of group counseling.
A counseling group is usually comprised of 6-8 people who meet face to face with 1 or 2
trained facilitators and talk about what is concerning them most. Members listen to
each other and openly provide each other feedback. These interactions give members
an opportunity to increase understanding, try out new ways of being with others and
learn more about the ways they interact. The content of the group sessions is
confidential; members agree not to identify other members or their concerns outside of
group.
Group therapy is often more enriching for some than individual therapy. You can
benefit from the group even during sessions when you say little but listen carefully to
others. Most people find that they have important things in common with other group
members, and as others work on concerns, you can learn much about yourself. In the
group environment, others serve as mirrors that reflect aspects of yourself that you
can recognize and explicitly choose if you want to modify or change. Group members
may bring up issues that strike a chord with you, which you might not have been aware
or of known now to bring up yourself. A natural process or enhanced acceptance of self
and others occurs as one learns to relate more honestly and directly with others in the
group. The group provides an opportunity for personal experimentation - it is a safe
place to risk enough to learn more about yourself.

TASK 3 :

NUR FADHILAH BINTI MOHD SHAHERTESL D

MATRIC NUMBER : 0610/1989
Choose one therapy and explain why.
Cognitive Therapy
Cognitive therapy (CT) is a therapeutic approach that sits within a larger group of
cognitive and behavioural therapies. Origins of the approach lie in the restructuring
therapy, rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT), which was developed by Albert
Ellis in 1955. The core principles behind cognitive therapy however tend to be most
synonymous with the works of 20th century American psychiatrist, Aaron Beck. Beck
identified that what usually held his clients back most were negative thoughts and
beliefs.
According to Beck, thoughts, feelings and behaviours are interconnected and by
identifying and changing inaccurate thinking, problematic behaviour and distressing
emotional responses, individuals can work towards overcoming their difficulties and
meeting their goals.
Cognitive therapy involves therapists working collaboratively with clients to
develop skills for identifying and replacing distorted thoughts and beliefs, ultimately
changing the associated habitual behaviour towards them. It is usually focused on the
present and is a problem-solving orientated treatment.
When individuals are in distress they often can't recognise that their thoughts are
inaccurate, so cognitive therapy helps them to identify these thoughts and re-evaluate
them. For example, if an individual makes a minor mistake they may think I'm useless, I
can't do anything right. This negative thought pattern may then trigger a cycle, whereby
the activity where a mistake was made is avoided and this act in itself works to further
cement the negative behaviour. Addressing and reassessing this negative thought
pattern however, paves the way for more flexible ways of thinking, increased positivity
and a willingness to take on activities that will challenge negative beliefs.